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Darwin Correspondence Project

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Darwin Correspondence Project
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Teitelbaum, Michael S. 2006. History of population policies up to 1940. In Demography: analysis and synthesis: a treatise in population, edited by Graziella Caselli et al. Amsterdam: Academic Press.

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  • … books/demography-analysis-and-synthesis-four-volume-set/caselli/978-0-08-045485-6 26 …

To J. S. Burdon Sanderson   26 June [1873]

Summary

Would welcome JSBS visit to discuss Drosera. Nitrogenous fluids can act as ferments only if they act merely by exciting molecular movement in adjoining molecules.

Glass and cotton excite movement and cause cell contents to change visibly. Huxley coming to see this phenomenon.

Studied effect of poisons 12 or 15 years ago to see whether the action was similar to that on nervous tissue.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Scott Burdon Sanderson, 1st baronet
Date:  26 June [1873]
Classmark:  University of British Columbia Library, Rare Books and Special Collections (Darwin - Burdon Sanderson letters RBSC-ARC-1731-1-08)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8952

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Burdon Sanderson letters RBSC-ARC-1731-1-08) Charles Robert Darwin Down 26 June [1873] …

From Fritz Müller   12 September 1875

Summary

Has read CD’s book on Drosera [Insectivorous plants] and found that it presents new material and is very interesting.

Has discovered that the parasites he thought he had found in Melipona nests are in fact true females. It is remarkable that they differ so greatly from the sterile females and males of their species.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Sept 1875
Classmark:  Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: 318; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (PrP 08-0011)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10155A

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  • … 2: 318; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (PrP 08-0011) Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller …

From Leonard Darwin   7 January 1878

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Summary

LD’s chemical analysis of lamp-black.

Author:  Leonard Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  7 Jan 1878
Classmark:  DAR 209.8: 153
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11316

Matches: 1 hit

  • … badly smelling fumes; there only remained .08 grain   I think that this contained a trace …

From David Forbes   1 March 1872

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Summary

Sends information on composition of chalk at Shoreham and Folkestone.

Author:  David Forbes
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  1 Mar 1872
Classmark:  DAR 164: 149
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-8233

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  • … of Lime – 98·40     —     of Magnesia 0·08 Insoluble (silicious rock debris) 1·10 Alumina( …

From Asa Gray   22 May 1877

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Summary

Asked C. E. Bessey whether Lithospermum longiflorum was dimorphic like its relatives. Encloses CEB’s reply.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  22 May 1877
Classmark:  DAR 110: B53–7, DAR 165: 196
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-10969

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Corolla 1.08 Style 1.08 Stamens .93 Anthers .08 Anthers dried up and old. " Flower 4 th . …

From John Traherne Moggridge   6 March [1867]

Summary

Observations on Ophrys plants and Thymus vulgaris. Encloses sketch of different forms of T. vulgaris [see Forms of flowers, p. 302].

Author:  John Traherne Moggridge
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  6 Mar [1867]
Classmark:  DAR 109: A90–1, DAR 111: B47
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5433

Matches: 1 hit

  • … in Forms of flowers , pp.  293–7, 307–08. His notes on the genus are in DAR 109: A41–3, …
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Darwin in letters,1870: Human evolution

Summary

The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the year at work on the Descent of Man & Selection in relation to Sex’.  Descent was the culmination of over three decades of observations and reflections on…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … more grateful I shall be’  ( letter to H. E. Darwin, [8 February 1870] ). She had previously read …
  • … that I shd. turn parson?’ ( letter to H. E. Darwin, [8 February 1870] ). Henrietta disagreed: …
  • … as the mind of man!’ ( letter from H. E. Darwin, [after 8 February 1870] ). Darwin was also …
  • … he will not succeed’ ( letter to James Crichton-Browne, 8 June [1870] ). Darwin’s queries …

The Lyell–Lubbock dispute

Summary

In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … extinct species such as the mammoth ( Correspondence vol. 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 4 May [1860 …
  • … what he thought about ‘the derivation of Species’. 8 Darwin continued to feel aggrieved about …
  • … theory of transmutation, see Bartholomew 1973. 8. See Correspondence vol. 11, …
  • … Letters from Charles Lyell to T. H. Huxley, 7 June 1865, and 8 June 1865 (Imperial College, Huxley …

Darwin in letters, 1856-1857: the 'Big Book'

Summary

In May 1856, Darwin began writing up his 'species sketch’ in earnest. During this period, his working life was completely dominated by the preparation of his 'Big Book', which was to be called Natural selection. Using letters are the main…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … he remarked to Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 8 September [1856] ). I mean to make my …
  • … my Book as perfect as ever I can.’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 8 February [1857] ). Darwin also …

Darwin in letters, 1868: Studying sex

Summary

The quantity of Darwin’s correspondence increased dramatically in 1868 due largely to his ever-widening research on human evolution and sexual selection.Darwin’s theory of sexual selection as applied to human descent led him to investigate aspects of the…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … I shall look rather blank’ ( letter from W. S. Dallas, 8 January 1868 ). Darwin sympathised, …
  • … enemies of Nat. Selection’ ( letter from A. R. Wallace, 8 [April] 1868 ). Researching …
  • … cry (letters to W. E. Darwin, [15 March 1868] and 8 April [1868] ). Such facts proved …
  • … omnipotent and omniscient Creator’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 8 May [1868] ). Others were concerned …

Darwin’s earthquakes

Summary

Darwin experienced his first earthquake in 1834, but it was a few months later that he was really confronted with their power. Travelling north along the coast of Chile, Darwin and Robert FitzRoy, captain of HMS Beagle, were confronted with a series of…

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  • … having happened Darwin to his sister Catherine, 8 November 1834 Darwin …

The writing of "Origin"

Summary

From a quiet rural existence at Down in Kent, filled with steady work on his ‘big book’ on the transmutation of species, Darwin was jolted into action in 1858 by the arrival of an unexpected letter (no longer extant) from Alfred Russel Wallace outlining a…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … what you have seen,’ he told Hooker in his letter of 8 [June 1858] , ‘yet I have been forced to …
  • … hurry in world about my M.S.’ In his letter to Hooker of 8 June [1858] , he indicates that this …
  • … the story was not deleted (see  Correspondence  vol. 8, letters to Asa Gray, 28 January [1860] …

Darwin in letters, 1875: Pulling strings

Summary

‘I am getting sick of insectivorous plants’, Darwin confessed in January 1875. He had worked on the subject intermittently since 1859, and had been steadily engaged on a book manuscript for nine months; January also saw the conclusion of a bitter dispute…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … deliberating how to end the matter to his satisfaction. On 8 January , he told Hooker: ‘I will …
  • … between Whitney and Max Müller. In Descent 2d ed., pp. 86–8, Darwin had cited Whitney’s …
  • … of having made false statements,’ Darwin replied on 8 April . ‘This is conduct which a man does …

The evolution of honeycomb

Summary

Honeycombs are natural engineering marvels, using the least possible amount of wax to provide the greatest amount of storage space, with the greatest possible structural stability. Darwin recognised that explaining the evolution of the honey-bee’s comb…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … and buying a swarm (letter to W. B. Tegetmeier, 8 [June 1858] ). (Articial wax is probably …
  • … might have a simple explanation. (Letter to Richard Hill, 8 August [1859] .) Much later, Jeffries …

Darwin in letters, 1879: Tracing roots

Summary

Darwin spent a considerable part of 1879 in the eighteenth century. His journey back in time started when he decided to publish a biographical account of his grandfather Erasmus Darwin to accompany a translation of an essay on Erasmus’s evolutionary ideas…

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  • … made a strange discovery;’ he told Reginald Darwin on 8 April , ‘for an old box from my father …
  • … to curtail the correspondence, Emma Darwin replied on 8 April stating that Darwin was too busy …

Darwin in letters, 1877: Flowers and honours

Summary

Ever since the publication of Expression, Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers, his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the…

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  • … about dried flowers’, Darwin complained to Asa Gray on 8 March , ‘I never look at one without …

Darwin in letters, 1847-1850: Microscopes and barnacles

Summary

Darwin's study of barnacles, begun in 1844, took him eight years to complete. The correspondence reveals how his interest in a species found during the Beagle voyage developed into an investigation of the comparative anatomy of other cirripedes and…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … was ‘time thrown away’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 8 [September 1847] ). The second …

Darwin in letters, 1880: Sensitivity and worms

Summary

‘My heart & soul care for worms & nothing else in this world,’ Darwin wrote to his old Shrewsbury friend Henry Johnson on 14 November 1880. Darwin became fully devoted to earthworms in the spring of the year, just after finishing the manuscript of…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … the light frightens them’ ( letter to Sophy Wedgwood, 8 October [1880] ). The role of …
  • … Galton, 7 April 1880 , and letter from Francis Galton, 8 April 1880 ). Darwin was queried about …

Darwin in letters, 1876: In the midst of life

Summary

1876 was the year in which the Darwins became grandparents for the first time.  And tragically lost their daughter-in-law, Amy, who died just days after her son's birth.  All the letters from 1876 are now published in volume 24 of The Correspondence…

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  • … amendments to his results ( letter from Moritz Schiff, 8 May 1876 ). Pangenesis v. …

Darwin in letters, 1878: Movement and sleep

Summary

In 1878, Darwin devoted most of his attention to the movements of plants. He investigated the growth pattern of roots and shoots, studying the function of specific organs in this process. Working closely with his son Francis, Darwin devised a series of…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … work at Sach’s laboratory in Germany, not returning until 8 August. ‘Alas Frank is off tomorrow to …
  • … into Greek. Theodor von Heldreich wrote from Athens on 8 February that the translator, a young …

Darwin on marriage

Summary

On 11 November 1838 Darwin wrote in his journal ‘The day of days!’. He had proposed to his cousin, Emma Wedgwood, and been accepted; they were married on 29 January 1839. Darwin appears to have written these two notes weighing up the pros and cons of…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … no tours, no large Zoolog. Collect. no books. Cambridge[8] Professorship, either Geolog. or Zoolog.— …
  • … manuscript is in: Cambridge University Library,  DAR 210.8:1 Second note [July 1838] …
  • … manuscript is in Cambridge University Library, DAR 210.8:2 Notes [1] The note was …

The death of Anne Elizabeth Darwin

Summary

Charles and Emma Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died at the age of ten in 1851.   Emma was heavily pregnant with their fifth son, Horace, at the time and could not go with Charles when he took Annie to Malvern to consult the hydrotherapist, Dr Gully.…

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  • … at such times, she was never in the least degree 8 cross, peevish or impatient; & it was …
  • … 7 Syme 1821, now in the Darwin Library—CUL. 8 ‘degree’  interl . Henrietta …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … far more than  Origin had (see  Correspondence  vol. 8, letter to Charles Lyell, 10 January …

Darwin in letters, 1844–1846: Building a scientific network

Summary

The scientific results of the Beagle voyage still dominated Darwin's working life, but he broadened his continuing investigations into the nature and origin of species. Far from being a recluse, Darwin was at the heart of British scientific society,…

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  • … (see  Correspondence  vol. 4, letter to J. D. Hooker, 8 [February 1847]). Darwin can be seen as a …