From J. D. Hooker [15 November 1854]
Summary
George Bentham’s list of aberrant plant genera. JDH appended the number of species in each genus according to E. G. Steudel’s catalogue [Nomenclator botanicus (1840–1)] and according to JDH and Bentham.
JDH speculates on effect of splitting Australia longitudinally on distribution; it becomes an argument for new creations.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [15 Nov 1854] |
Classmark: | DAR 205.9: 386 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1607 |
From J. D. Hooker 5 December [1854]
Summary
Bentham’s list of aberrant genera: CD’s worry that he eliminated large genera a priori is half right. He eliminated those large, anomalous genera that virtually constitute natural orders. JDH criticises CD’s tabulations of aberrants.
Difficulty of distinguishing affinity and analogy in plants.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 5 Dec [1854] |
Classmark: | DAR 205.9: 388–90 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1611 |
From J. D. Hooker [16 November 1856]
Summary
JDH not happy with CD’s explanation of the absence of north temperate forms in the Southern Hemisphere, given his explanation for the spread of sub-arctic forms to the south. [CD’s note is in response to JDH’s criticism.]
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [16 Nov 1856] |
Classmark: | DAR 100: 162–3 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1622 |
From J. D. Hooker [3 November 1854]
Summary
JDH’s contempt for R. I. Murchison.
There is a Cyperus species and a Pteris species endemic to hot volcanoes of Ischia. Why are there no other migrators?
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [3 Nov 1854] |
Classmark: | DAR 104: 214–15 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1629 |
From J. D. Hooker [before 7 March 1855]
Summary
CD’s tabulation of colonists curious but explicable.
Working on Tasmanian flora; contemplating general essay on Australian distribution: Tasmania and Australia same alpine species; Swan River flora very peculiar and quite distinct from New South Wales.
Trying to establish new journal at Linnean.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [before 7 Mar 1855] |
Classmark: | DAR 104: 216–17 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1638 |
From J. D. Hooker [before 17 March 1855]
Summary
JDH criticises C. J. F. Bunbury’s paper on Madeira [J. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Bot.) 1 (1857): 1–35].
Absence of Ophrys on Madeira suggests to JDH a sequence in creation of groups.
Why are flightless insects common in desert?
Australian endemism.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [before 17 Mar 1855] |
Classmark: | DAR 104: 210–13 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1644 |
From J. D. Hooker [6–9 June 1855]
Summary
Finds Forbes’s continental theories, migration, and double creation are all unsatisfactory explanations of geographical distribution of plants.
Is currently working on problems of sea transport of plant species.
European plants on Australian Alps only explicable by double creations.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [6–9 June 1855] |
Classmark: | DAR 100: 90–3 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1694 |
From J. D. Hooker [8 July 1855]
Summary
Australian Leguminosae problem: of 900 species not ten are common to southwest and southeast. No migration; hence either creation or variation.
Himalayan thistles: graded intermediates between large and small English species, "shakes species to their foundations". Similarity of CD’s and his views on species.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [8 July 1855] |
Classmark: | DAR 104: 192–3 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1714 |
From J. D. Hooker 7 May 1856
Summary
Non-endemic Ascension Island plants brought by man, not wind-transported.
Bentham has found intermediates between oxlip and cowslip in Herefordshire.
JDH finds quantity of albumen in seeds is not variable within a species.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 7 May 1856 |
Classmark: | DAR 100: 94–5 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1869 |
From J. D. Hooker [26 June or 3 July 1856]
Summary
Can no longer make out story of NW. American plants; consulting Asa Gray.
Questionable validity of seed-salting experiments.
Aristolochia and Viscum seem to shed pollen before flower opens.
Ray Society should only do translations.
Thomas Thomson in India has rediscovered Aldrovanda, a rare relative of Drosera.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [26 June or 3 July] 1856 |
Classmark: | DAR 104: 197 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1911 |
From J. D. Hooker 10 July 1856
Summary
[T. Bell Salter’s?] "hybrid" Epilobium a false claim.
Admires Huxley’s response to Falconer [see 1904].
Tristan da Cunha plant list, requested by CD, supports JDH’s position [on continental extension?].
Chilean plants not exceptional.
JDH considers parallels between Australian Alps and European plants strong evidence for multiple creations.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 10 July 1856 |
Classmark: | DAR 100: 96–9 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1923 |
From J. D. Hooker 4 August 1856
Summary
JDH’s arguments against transmutation: 1. Plants do not show the confusion he would expect; 2. Under clearly similar physical conditions we do not find same species.
JDH’s argument against migration: commonality of alpine species. Believes migration opposes facts of botanical distribution in Van Diemen’s Land and New Zealand; prefers continental extension theory.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 4 Aug 1856 |
Classmark: | DAR 100: 100–4 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1937 |
From J. D. Hooker [early December 1856]
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [early Dec 1856] |
Classmark: | DAR 100: 149 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1966 |
From J. D. Hooker 9 November 1856
Summary
JDH approves MS section on geographical distribution.
Never felt so shaky about species before.
His objections to some mechanisms of distribution that CD proposes.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 9 Nov 1856 |
Classmark: | DAR 100: 105–10 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1983 |
From J. D. Hooker 22 November 1856
Summary
Continued debate on formation of species as a result of retreat from glaciers.
JDH suggests internal powers of species modification, which he knows CD abhors.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 22 Nov 1856 |
Classmark: | DAR 100: 111–12 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-1995 |
From J. D. Hooker 7 December 1856
Summary
Has done New Zealand flora calculations. Results support CD’s theory of necessity of crossing. Trees tend to have separate sexes.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 7 Dec 1856 |
Classmark: | DAR 100: 113–14 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2014 |
From J. D. Hooker [24 March 1863]
Summary
Has been looking at separation of sexes in poplars.
Interested in reversion.
Does not understand all CD said on inheritance.
JDH now remembers that Origin was "published" some time before it was "distributed" and therefore appeared prior to his own essay [see also 2478].
Impossible to say whether some Dipterocarpaceae survived a cold period or have developed since.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [24 Mar 1863] |
Classmark: | DAR 100: 154, DAR 101: 123–5 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2027 |
From J. D. Hooker [11 April 1857]
Summary
JDH cites W. H. Harvey’s observations on Fucus and David Don’s on Juncus as examples of variations that are independent of climate. There are many such cases. Gives his working scheme for categorising variation.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [11 Apr 1857] |
Classmark: | DAR 104: 198–201 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2074 |
From J. D. Hooker [27] June 1857
Summary
Embryology of plants of low systematic order. Comparative development begins only with first post-cotyledonary leaves.
Curt letter to JDH from George Henslow.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [27] June 1857 |
Classmark: | DAR 100: 115 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2114 |
From J. D. Hooker [2 December 1857]
Summary
News of Mrs Henslow’s death.
Studying Impatiens, which bears on CD’s problems. Though genus is endemic to India, with over 100 species, CD will be glad to know they do not run into one another.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [2 Dec 1857] |
Classmark: | DAR 104: 178–9 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-2178 |
Hooker, J. D. | (520) |
Darwin, C. R. | (520) |
Hooker, J. D. |
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