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To Charles Lyell   8 May [1855]

Summary

Mentions his paper ["Transportal of erratic boulders", Collected papers 1: 218–27]. Discusses ice-borne rock. Reference to unpublished paper on icebergs [?"Power of icebergs to make grooves", Collected papers 1: 252–5]. Remarks on scoring by icebergs. Comments on judgment of theories by Geological Society.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  8 May [1855]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.113)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1679

To J. D. Hooker   11 May [1855]

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Summary

JDH to be appointed Assistant Director at Kew.

On where to publish seed-salting paper. Floating problem perhaps more important than germination.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  11 May [1855]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 131
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1680

To J. D. Hooker   15 [May 1855]

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Summary

CD upset because salted seeds do not float.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  15 [May 1855]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 147
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1681

To W. D. Fox   17 May [1855]

Summary

Asks WDF to induce schoolboys to collect eggs of lizards and snakes for him. He will see whether they float and stay alive on sea-water.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Darwin Fox
Date:  17 May [1855]
Classmark:  Christ’s College Library, Cambridge (MS 53 Fox 91)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1683

To Gardeners’ Chronicle   21 May [1855]

Summary

Reports on his experiments on action of sea-water on seeds and the bearing of his investigations on the theory of centres of creation and Edward Forbes’s theory of continental extensions to account for distribution of organic forms. CD’s experiments confirm germination powers were retained after 42 days’ immersion by seven out of eight kinds of seeds.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Gardeners’ Chronicle
Date:  21 May [1855]
Classmark:  Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette, no. 21, 26 May 1855, pp. 356–7
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1684

From Asa Gray   22 May 1855

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Summary

Has filled up CD’s paper [see 1674].

Distribution and relationships of alpine flora in U. S.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  22 May 1855
Classmark:  DAR 106: D1–D2
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1685

To W. D. Fox   23 May [1855]

Summary

He may insert his request for lizards’ eggs in Gardeners’ Chronicle.

His study of mongrel chicks is to ascertain whether the young of domestic breeds differ as much as their parents.

Has already sent a communication on means of distribution of plants by sea to Gardeners’ Chronicle [Collected papers 1: 255–8].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Darwin Fox
Date:  23 May [1855]
Classmark:  Christ’s College Library, Cambridge (MS 53 Fox 92)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1686

To Gardeners’ Chronicle   [before 26 May 1855]

Summary

Will be obliged if any reader can provide eggs of lizard Lacerta agilis. Wants to ascertain whether they float in sea-water. Offers reward of a few shillings to boys for collecting.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Gardeners’ Chronicle
Date:  [before 26 May 1855]
Classmark:  Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette, no. 21, 26 May 1855, p. 360
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1686A

To John Higgins   26 May 1855

Summary

Discusses his account.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Higgins
Date:  26 May 1855
Classmark:  Lincolnshire Archives (HIG/4/2/1/87)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1687

To J. D. Hooker   27 May [1855]

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Summary

CD’s seed paper in Gardeners’ Chronicle [Collected papers 1: 255–8];

CD attacks Forbes’s "Atlantis".

Considers solutions to floating problem. Decides to test Azores seeds.

Photographs and drawings of CD.

Plant movement experiments with Hedysarum gyrans.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  27 May [1855]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 132
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1688

To W. E. Darwin   29 [November 1855]

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Summary

Is sorry to hear that WED has been ill.

Discusses pigeons and his pigeon work.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  29 [Nov 1855]
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 7
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1689

To J. D. Hooker   2 June [1855]

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Summary

Asks JDH not to send H. C. Watson’s paper on Azores plants [Hooker’s Lond. J. Bot. 2 (1843): 1–9, 125–31, 394–408; 3 (1844): 582–617; 6 (1847): 380–97].

CD cannot endure trying all the Azorean seeds.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  2 June [1855]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 134
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1692

To J. D. Hooker   5 June [1855]

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Summary

Seeds: worried they will turn into another barnacle job.

Studies plants colonising abandoned field.

Experiment on plant sleep movements.

CD objects to "Atlantis" because no evidence; does not affect species theory.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  5 June [1855]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 135
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1693

From J. D. Hooker   [6–9 June 1855]

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Summary

Finds Forbes’s continental theories, migration, and double creation are all unsatisfactory explanations of geographical distribution of plants.

Is currently working on problems of sea transport of plant species.

European plants on Australian Alps only explicable by double creations.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [6–9 June 1855]
Classmark:  DAR 100: 90–3
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1694

To Asa Gray   8 June [1855]

Summary

Suggests AG append ranges to the species in the new edition of his Manual.

Is interested in comparing the flora of U. S. with that of Britain and wishes to know the proportions to the whole of the great leading families and the numbers of species within genera. Would welcome information on which species AG considers to be "close" in the U. S.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  8 June [1855]
Classmark:  Archives of the Gray Herbarium, Harvard University (2)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1695

To J. D. Hooker   10 June [1855]

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Summary

Detailed response to JDH’s critique of sea transport and continental connection theories. JDH’s claim that low plants are widely distributed fits both theories.

Species theory does not touch origin of life.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  10 June [1855]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 136
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1696

To T. H. Huxley   10 June [1855]

Summary

Asks whether THH will attend Council of Royal Society and speak for him on Joachim Barrande and J. D. Dana.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  10 June [1855]
Classmark:  Janet Huxley (private collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1697

To W. D. Fox   11 June [1855]

Summary

Thanks WDF for specimens and his great help to CD in his work on variations in young and adult ducks and poultry. Has found feet of tame adult ducks weigh twice as much as those of wild ones.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Darwin Fox
Date:  11 June [1855]
Classmark:  Christ’s College Library, Cambridge (MS 53 Fox 93)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1698

To M. J. Berkeley   12 June [1855]

Summary

Thanks for approval of seed-soaking experiments in Gardeners’ Chronicle ["Does sea-water kill seeds?", 26 May 1855; Collected papers 1: 255–8]. They seem not to have convinced Hooker of consequences for geographical distribution.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Miles Joseph Berkeley
Date:  12 June [1855]
Classmark:  Shropshire Archives (SA 6001/134/43)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1699

To J. D. Hooker   15 [June 1855]

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Summary

Thanks for Hedysarum.

Pleasure in identifying field plants.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  15 [June 1855]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 137
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1700
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