To Fritz Müller 12 April 1881
Summary
Earthworm book with printer.
Has sent FM’s observations on paraheliotropism to Nature ["Movement of leaves", Collected papers 2: 228–9].
Plants with differently coloured anthers.
Intends gathering together his notes on "bloom".
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller |
| Date: | 12 Apr 1881 |
| Classmark: | The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 51) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13113 |
Matches: 16 hits
- … To Fritz Müller 12 April 1881 …
- … 10 no 51) Charles Robert Darwin Down 12 Apr 1881 Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller …
- … ignoring the less noticeable green pollen ( letter from Fritz Müller, 7 February 1881 ). …
- … Station | Orpington. S.E.R. ) April 12 th . 1881 My dear Sir I have delayed answering your …
- … the letter from Fritz Müller, 28 February 1881 ; the letter is known only from a printed …
- … hoped that Earthworms would soon be in print (see letter to R. F. Cooke, 10 April 1881 ). …
- … It was published on 10 October 1881 ( Freeman 1977 ). …
- … See letter to Nature , 14 April [1881] ; CD included information from Müller that was …
- … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1881. Forms of flowers : The different forms of …
- … of the letter from Fritz Müller, 28 February 1881 . For Müller’s earlier observations on …
- … reduce intense illumination), see the letter from Fritz Müller, 9 January 1881 and n. 8. …
- … CD’s letter was published in Nature , 28 April 1881, pp. 603–4. CD had studied plants of …
- … p. 168). In his letter of 7 February 1881 , Müller had suggested that one type of anther …
- … anthers (see letter to Fritz Müller, 20 March 1881 and nn. 2, 3, and 6). CD received dried …
- … from Kew and made observations on them on 3 April 1881 (notes in DAR 205.8: 21, 43). …
- … See letter from Fritz Müller, 7 February 1881 and n. 5. No record has been found of Müller …
To T. H. Huxley 9 September 1881
Summary
Erasmus has left half his fortune to CD. Anthony Rich nevertheless insists on keeping to his testamentary arrangements. He also referred to leaving some additional property to THH.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Thomas Henry Huxley |
| Date: | 9 Sept 1881 |
| Classmark: | Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 368) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13324 |
Matches: 12 hits
- … To T. H. Huxley 9 September 1881 …
- … Archives (Huxley 5: 368) Charles Robert Darwin Worthing 9 Sept 1881 Thomas Henry Huxley …
- … Association for the Advancement of Science, held at York (1881): xxxii). A summary of …
- … Huxley’s discourse was published in The Times , 3 September 1881, p. 7, and …
- … a longer version appeared in Nature , 8 September 1881, pp. 452–5. …
- … Rich in Worthing from 8 to 10 September 1881 (CD’s ‘Journal’ (Appendix II)). Henrietta …
- … Huxley and Thomas Henry Huxley had visited Rich in the spring of 1881 (see letter from T. …
- … H. Huxley, 6 March 1881 ). Erasmus …
- … Alvey Darwin had died on 26 August 1881. In 1878, Rich had declared his intention of …
- … Worthing Sept 9 th . 1881 (Home tomorrow) My dear Huxley We have been paying M r Rich a …
- … see letter from Anthony Rich, 1 March 1881 and n. 7). It is unclear whether he intended to …
- … Gazette , 12 May 1891, p. 6. On 2 September 1881, Huxley had given an address, ‘The rise …
From Francis Darwin 23 [May 1881]
Summary
Would like some of his notes. Has been looking at roots of Linum, cucurbits, larch, and orchids. Is content that mother should teach Bernard whatever religion she likes.
| Author: | Francis Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 23 [May 1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 274.1: 66 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13170F |
Matches: 11 hits
- … Darwin, 22– 3 May 1881 ). …
- … From Francis Darwin 23 [May 1881] …
- … DAR 274.1: 66 Francis Darwin Strasbourg 23 [May 1881] Charles Robert Darwin …
- … by the relationship between this letter and the letter to Francis Darwin, 20 May 1881 . …
- … The Monday following 20 May 1881 was 23 May. …
- … See letter to Francis Darwin, 20 May 1881 ; CD and Francis had begun correcting proof- …
- … Journal of the Linnean Society ( Botany ) 18 (1881): 420–55. Earthworms : The formation of …
- … see letter from F. A. Tscherning, 6 May 1881 and nn. 1 and 3). The proof-sheets were for …
- … was published in the Journal of the Linnean Society ( Botany ), June 1881. The sheets …
- … had arrived at Down on 22 May 1881 (see letter to Francis …
- … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1881. Keynes, Randal. 2001. Annie’s box. Charles …
From James Paget 1 June 1881
Summary
Asks CD to lunch to meet the Prince of Wales.
| Author: | James Paget, 1st baronet |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 1 June 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 202: 116 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13188 |
Matches: 9 hits
- … From James Paget 1 June 1881 …
- … 116 James Paget, 1st baronet London, Harewood Place, 1 1 June 1881 Charles Robert Darwin …
- … Medical Congress took place in London from 2 to 9 August 1881 ( Transactions of the …
- … International Medical Congress 1881 ). The …
- … luncheon was held on 3 August 1881 and was attended by the prince of Wales, Albert …
- … of the International Medical Congress 1881: Transactions of the International Medical …
- … session, held in London, August 2d to 9th, 1881 . Prepared under the direction of William …
- … MacCormac. 4 vols. London: J. W. Klockmann. 1881. …
- … Harewood Place, | Hanover Square. | W. June 1. 1881. My dear Darwin I want you to grant me …
To Ernst Krause 18 May 1881
Summary
Thanks EK for his article [on CD’s Movement in plants].
Admires EK’s wide interest in science. Would like to send him something to publish in Kosmos.
Fears his new book [Earthworms] will hardly do, but will send sheets when printed so that EK can decide whether any chapter or a part of one will serve. Victor Carus’s consent would be needed for publication in Kosmos, and CD will ask for it.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Ernst Ludwig (Ernst) Krause |
| Date: | 18 May 1881 |
| Classmark: | The Huntington Library (HM 36215) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13163 |
Matches: 15 hits
- … To Ernst Krause 18 May 1881 …
- … Library (HM 36215) Charles Robert Darwin Down 18 May 1881 Ernst Ludwig (Ernst) Krause …
- … letter to Francis Darwin, 16 and 17 May 1881 . The paper, ‘Kletterpflanzen. Eine populäre …
- … in 1880 (see letter from Ernst Krause, 15 May 1881 and n. 5). Francis was working in the …
- … Germany had not reviewed Butler 1880 (see letter from Ernst Krause, 15 May 1881 and n. 7). …
- … Station | Orpington. S.E.R. ) May 18 th 1881 My dear Sir I am much obliged for your …
- … see letter from Ernst Krause, 15 May 1881 and n. 2). Eduard Koch was the head of E. …
- … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1881. Erasmus Darwin. By Ernst Krause. Translated …
- … Krause had defended CD and himself in a letter in Nature , 27 January 1881, p. 288. …
- … Butler’s latest attack had been made in Nature , 5 February 1881, pp. 312–13; CD asked …
- … letter to Ernst Krause, 7 February 1881 ). CD and Francis Darwin had recently begun …
- … see letter from Francis Darwin, 14 May 1881 ). Krause wanted to publish a translation of …
- … in the journal Kosmos (see letter from Ernst Krause, 15 May 1881 ). See letter to J. …
- … V. Carus, 18 May 1881 ; Julius Victor Carus was CD’s German translator. The journal …
- … 1881a ), was published in Kosmos , May 1881. Atyoida potimirim is a synonym of Potimirim …
To Francis Darwin 28 June [1881]
Summary
Comments on FD’s notions about movement of multicellular and unicellular organisms.
Comments on an interesting letter received from J. B. Hannay [see 13222] which leads CD to speculate on the possibility of organisms inhabiting a red hot earth under great pressure.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Francis Darwin |
| Date: | 28 June [1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 211: 84 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13225 |
Matches: 11 hits
- … To Francis Darwin 28 June [1881] …
- … DAR 211: 84 Charles Robert Darwin Patterdale 28 June [1881] Francis Darwin …
- … DAR 242), Emma Darwin recorded, ‘Mrs Ruck went by boat’, on 28 June 1881. See letter …
- … from Francisco de Arruda Furtado, 13 June 1881 . …
- … see ibid. , nn. 6 and 7). See letter to J. B. Hannay, 22 June 1881 , and letter from J. …
- … B. Hannay, 27 June 1881 and n. 3. See letter …
- … to J. B. Hannay, 22 June 1881 . Mary Anne Ruck was Bernard Darwin ’s maternal grandmother; …
- … The year is established by the address. In 1881, the Darwins visited Glenridding House, …
- … at Penrith ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 4 July 1881 ). Willesden Junction in north London …
- … See letter from Francis Darwin, [19 June 1881] and n. 3. In Insectivorous plants , pp. 13– …
- … See letter from Francis Darwin, [19 June 1881] and n. 4; Francis observed the movement of …
To Gaston de Saporta 13 [May] 1881
Summary
Thanks for work sent by GdeS and A. F. Marion [L’évolution du règne végétal 1 (1881)]. CD greatly pleased at boldness with which GdeS expresses his belief in evolution. Some of GdeS’s countrymen have been "a little timid" on this head.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Louis Charles Joseph Gaston (Gaston) de Saporta, comte de Saporta |
| Date: | 13 [May] 1881 |
| Classmark: | Archives Gaston de Saporta (private collection) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13052 |
Matches: 9 hits
- … To Gaston de Saporta 13 [May] 1881 …
- … collection) Charles Robert Darwin Down 13 [May] 1881 Louis Charles Joseph Gaston (Gaston) …
- … Saporta, Gaston de and Marion, Antoine-Fortuné. 1881. L’évolution du règne végétal. Les …
- … Marion [ L’évolution du règne végétal 1 (1881)]. CD greatly pleased at boldness with which …
- … letter appears to be a reply to the letter from Gaston de Saporta, 10 April 1881 . See the …
- … letter from Gaston de Saporta, 10 April 1881 , in which Saporta stated that he and Antoine …
- … Les cryptogames ( Saporta and Marion 1881 ). This copy is in the Darwin Library–CUL. …
- … themselves to be disciples of CD in the preface ( Saporta and Marion 1881 , pp. vii–xii). …
- … Down, | Beckenham, Kent. Feb 13. 1881 Dear Sir, I received a week of two ago the work …
To J. D. Hooker 20 June [1881]
Summary
Cheered by JDH’s friendly words.
Wishes he could help JDH with geographical distribution, but the subject has gone out of his mind.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Date: | 20 June [1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 95: 516–17 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13211 |
Matches: 11 hits
- … To J. D. Hooker 20 June [1881] …
- … DAR 95: 516–17 Charles Robert Darwin Patterdale 20 June [1881] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
- … bei Oxalis . Flora 54: 241–6. Hooker, Joseph Dalton. 1881. On geographical distribution. …
- … section E, geography. [Read 1 September 1881. ] Report of the 51st Meeting of the British …
- … between this letter and the letter from J. D. Hooker, 18 June 1881 . See letter to J. …
- … D. Hooker, 15 June 1881 , and letter from J. …
- … D. Hooker, 18 June 1881 . CD had evidently written to his gardener, Henry Lettington , to …
- … died at Hayes Common, Kent, on 16 June 1881 ( ODNB ); the uncompleted book, Studies in …
- … for the Advancement of Science, held at York, 31 August to 7 September 1881 (for his …
- … address, see Hooker 1881 ). …
- … and William Rathbone Greg ; see letter from J. D. Hooker, 18 June 1881 and nn. 5 and 7. …
To W. E. Darwin 13 September [1881]
Summary
Discusses financial affairs.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | William Erasmus Darwin |
| Date: | 13 Sept [1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 210.6: 182 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13334 |
Matches: 12 hits
- … To W. E. Darwin 13 September [1881] …
- … DAR 210.6: 182 Charles Robert Darwin Down 13 Sept [1881] William Erasmus Darwin …
- … that had thrown fresh light upon the subject ( Judd 1881 ). William and Sara Darwin …
- … on the Continent; in a letter dated 14 September [1881], Emma Darwin thanked Sara for her …
- … of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, held at York (1881): 93–126. …
- … Judd, John Wesley. 1881. Volcanoes: what they are and what they teach . London: Kegan …
- … revalue his estate (see letter to G. H. Darwin, 8 September [1881] ). See letter to W. …
- … M. Hacon, 11 September 1881 . William Mackmurdo Hacon was CD’s …
- … solicitor. In a letter dated 13 September 1881, Emma Darwin reported to Henrietta Emma …
- … 270). Erasmus Alvey Darwin had died on 26 August 1881; he had bequeathed half his personal …
- … see letter from G. H. Darwin, 28 August 1881 ). Erasmus had lived at 6 Queen Anne Street …
- … see letter from G. H. Darwin, 28 August 1881 ). George Howard Darwin and Horace Darwin had …
From G. H. Haydon 12 September 1881
Summary
Sending some Hudson’s Bay mosquitoes because of a letter of CD’s quoted in Evening Standard, 5 Sept 1881.
| Author: | George Henry Haydon |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 12 Sept 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 166: 124 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13333 |
Matches: 7 hits
- … From G. H. Haydon 12 September 1881 …
- … DAR 166: 124 George Henry Haydon Bethlem Royal Hospital 12 Sept 1881 Charles Robert Darwin …
- … s Bay mosquitoes because of a letter of CD’s quoted in Evening Standard , 5 Sept 1881. …
- … Hospital. | London. S.E. Sept 12 th . 1881 Sir, Referring to a quotation from a letter of …
- … in many newspapers, most prominently in The Times , 5 September 1881, p. 10, titled ‘Mr. …
- … see letter to Stephen Price, 1 September [1881] ). Haydon’s son Walton Haydon was a …
- … at Moose Factory, Ontario, Canada; in 1881, he also made a collection of natural history …
To Arthur Hall 6 December 1881
Summary
Case of Roman roads would have been worth investigating for Earthworms. [See 13531.]
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Arthur Hall |
| Date: | 6 Dec 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 249: 82 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13533A |
Matches: 7 hits
- … To Arthur Hall 6 December 1881 …
- … DAR 249: 82 Charles Robert Darwin Down 6 Dec 1881 Arthur Hall …
- … Station | Orpington. S.E.R. ) Dec. 6 th 1881 Dear Sir I am obliged for your note. The …
- … See letter from Arthur Hall, 5 December 1881 . …
- … Earthworms was published on 10 October 1881 ( Freeman 1977 ). CD had incorporated some new …
- … thousand, which had recently gone to press (see letter to J. V. Carus, 26 November 1881 ). …
- … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1881. Freeman, Richard Broke. 1977. The works of …
From R. F. Cooke 14 October 1881
Summary
Has sent copies [of Earthworms] to Annals & Magazine of Natural History and to Popular Science Review. If W. S. Dallas edits both, he will have two copies.
| Author: | Robert Francis Cooke; John Murray |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 14 Oct 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 171: 521 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13399 |
Matches: 9 hits
- … From R. F. Cooke 14 October 1881 …
- … Francis Cooke John Murray London, Albemarle St, 50 14 Oct 1881 Charles Robert Darwin …
- … Bibliography [Dallas, William Sweetland. ] 1881. [Review of Earthworms . ] Annals and …
- … of worms: with observations on their habits. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1881. …
- … 50, Albemarle Street, | W. Oct r . 14. 1881 My dear Sir We have sent a copy of Worms to …
- … An unsigned essay review of Earthworms appeared in the December 1881 issue of the journal, …
- … probably written by Dallas ( [Dallas] 1881 ). The Popular Science Review was …
- … the final issue was published in October 1881. Dallas had been the editor since 1877. …
- … See letter from R. F. Cooke, 7 October 1881 and n. 1. …
To R. A. Blair 25 June 1881
Summary
Congratulates him on Mastodon discovery.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Reuben Almond Blair |
| Date: | 25 June 1881 |
| Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.593) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13217 |
Matches: 6 hits
- … To R. A. Blair 25 June 1881 …
- … Society (Mss.B.D25.593) Charles Robert Darwin Patterdale 25 June 1881 Reuben Almond Blair …
- … See letter from R. A. Blair, 9 June 1881 . See letter from R. …
- … A. Blair, 9 June 1881 . Jessie Alice Blair ; see letter from R. …
- … A. Blair, 9 June 1881 and n. 4. …
- … Glenridding House, Patterdale. ] June 25 th 1881— Dear Sir I must write one line to thank …
From Julius Wiesner 11 November 1881
Summary
CD has misunderstood his views on heliotropism. Agrees that his experiments on the movement of root tips are weak. Will conduct further research. Thinks that since mechanical conception of botany is not so widespread, those who agree with CD probably are in majority.
| Author: | Julius Wiesner |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 11 Nov 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 261.11: 22 (EH 88206074) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13478 |
Matches: 15 hits
- … From Julius Wiesner 11 November 1881 …
- … DAR 261.11: 22 (EH 88206074) Julius Wiesner Vienna 11 Nov 1881 Charles Robert Darwin …
- … Bibliography Carus, Julius Victor, trans. 1881. Das Bewegungsvermögen der Pflanzen. By …
- … See letter to Julius Wiesner, 25 October 1881 and n. 2. …
- … On hydrotropism, see Wiesner 1881 , pp. 130–4. Wiesner had concluded that the tips of …
- … John Murray. 1880. Wiesner, Julius. 1881. Das Bewegungsvermögen der Pflanzen. Eine …
- … Wien den 11. Nov. 1881 Hochverehrter Herr. Ich bitte es mir nicht als Undankbarkeit …
- … original German, see Transcript. In his letter of 25 October 1881 , CD had commented on …
- … Wiesner’s recent book ( Wiesner 1881 ). See …
- … letter from Julius Wiesner, 11 October 1881 . Wiesner had been elected dean of the …
- … Vienna 11. Nov. 1881 Highly honoured Sir. I beg you not to think me ungrateful for not …
- … of bending heliotropically (see Wiesner 1881 , p. 60). CD countered that he had made no …
- … part (see letter to Julius Wiesner, 25 October 1881 and n. 3). The German translation …
- … of Movement in plants was by Julius Victor Carus ( Carus trans. 1881 ). …
- … See Wiesner 1881 , p. 60. …
To John Lubbock 2 August 1881
Summary
Comments on MS of JL’s [1881] BAAS Presidential Address. Suggests that more attention be given to parthenogenesis.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | John Lubbock, 4th baronet and 1st Baron Avebury |
| Date: | 2 Aug 1881 |
| Classmark: | The British Library (Add MS 49645: 100–2) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13269 |
Matches: 10 hits
- … To John Lubbock 2 August 1881 …
- … 100–2) Charles Robert Darwin Down 2 Aug 1881 John Lubbock, 4th baronet and 1st Baron …
- … Comments on MS of JL’s [1881] BAAS Presidential Address. Suggests that more attention be …
- … See also letter to Fritz Müller, 4 July 1881 and n. 4. …
- … North stayed at Down from 16 to 18 July 1881 ( Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242)). On her …
- … Zeitschrift 21: 209–48. Huth, Ernst. 1881. Die Anpassungen der Pflanzen an die Verbreitung …
- … Advancement of Science, held at York (1881): 1–51. North, Marianne. 1894. Recollections of …
- … Station | Orpington. S.E.R. ) Aug t 2 d . 1881 My dear Lubbock I have read with pleasure …
- … held at York, 31 August to 7 September 1881. For the fiftieth anniversary of the meeting, …
- … The adaptations of plants for distribution by animals; Huth 1881 ), was by Ernst Huth . …
From G. R. Jesse 25 April 1881
Summary
Regrets CD will not allow publication of his letter.
| Author: | George Richard Jesse |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 25 Apr 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 168: 62 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13139 |
Matches: 11 hits
- … From G. R. Jesse 25 April 1881 …
- … DAR 168: 62 George Richard Jesse Macclesfield 25 Apr 1881 Charles Robert Darwin …
- … the Abolition of Vivisection. 25 April 1881. My dear Sir, I am much obliged by your kind …
- … See letter to G. R. Jesse, 23 April 1881 . CD’ …
- … s letter to Frithiof Holmgren, [14] April 1881 , published in The …
- … Times , 18 April 1881, p. 10, defended vivisection provided that it was practised in as …
- … arguing against vivisection had been published in The Times , 19 April 1881, p. 8. For …
- … see the letter to The Times , 21 April 1881 . Jesse had been unsuccessful in getting The …
- … to CD (see letter from G. R. Jesse, 22 April 1881 and n. 3). Cobbe’s letter had been sent …
- … of Animals Liable to Vivisection (see The Times , 19 April 1881, p. 8). See letter to …
- … G. R. Jesse, 23 April 1881 . The bishop of Peterborough was William Connor Magee , who, …
To Francis Darwin 26 June [1881]
Summary
Ernst Haeckel wants to go to Ceylon to examine Medusae and Radiolariae, CD has offered him £100.
Is working on revises of Earthworms.
Has seen a pied flycatcher for the first time.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Francis Darwin |
| Date: | 26 June [1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 211: 83 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13220 |
Matches: 11 hits
- … To Francis Darwin 26 June [1881] …
- … DAR 211: 83 Charles Robert Darwin Patterdale 26 June [1881] Francis Darwin …
- … of worms: with observations on their habits. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1881. …
- … the relationship between this letter and the letter from Ernst Haeckel, 21 June 1881 . See …
- … letter from Ernst Haeckel, 21 June 1881 and n. 8. …
- … See letter to Ernst Haeckel, 26 June [1881] . Ernst Abbe was a partner of Carl Zeiss in …
- … optical firm at Jena. See letter from Ernst Haeckel, 21 June 1881 and nn. 2–4. See letter …
- … to T. H. Huxley, 22 June 1881 . Thomas Henry Huxley was a secretary of the Royal Society …
- … research (see letter to Ernst Haeckel, 25 June 1881 and n. 2). The British Association for …
- … Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science (1881), pp. lxiii–lxvi). …
- … £100 in his letter to Haeckel of 25 June 1881 . CD and Francis were revising proof-sheets …
To T. H. Huxley 5 March 1881
Summary
CD tells how it came about that Anthony Rich bequeathed his house and land to THH.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Thomas Henry Huxley |
| Date: | 5 Mar 1881 |
| Classmark: | Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 359) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13073 |
Matches: 11 hits
- … To T. H. Huxley 5 March 1881 …
- … Archives (Huxley 5: 359) Charles Robert Darwin Down 5 Mar 1881 Thomas Henry Huxley …
- … not been found. See letter from Anthony Rich, 4 March 1881 and n. 2. CD’ …
- … s letter has not been found, but see the letter from Anthony Rich, 8 March 1881 . …
- … Railway Station | Orpington. S.E.R. ) March 5 1881. My dear Huxley I hope that the news in …
- … See letter from Anthony Rich, 9 February 1881 . The Darwins were …
- … in London from 24 February to 3 March 1881 (see CD’s ‘Journal’ (Appendix II)). …
- … Anthony Rich , written on Sunday 27 February 1881, has not been found. Huxley had recently …
- … the post of inspector of fisheries (see letter from Anthony Rich, 1 March 1881 and n. 5). …
- … See letter from Anthony Rich, 1 March 1881 and n. 7. …
- … See letter from Anthony Rich, 4 March 1881 . CD’s letter to which this is a reply has …
From Wilhelm Breitenbach 9 September 1881
Summary
Thanks for gift of Movement in plants.
Plans botanical research in Brazil.
Hermann von Jhering is conducting experiments on snakes.
WB obliged to work as newspaper correspondent.
Plans breeding experiments on dimorphic plants.
| Author: | Wilhelm Breitenbach |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 9 Sept 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 160: 295 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13325 |
Matches: 15 hits
- … From Wilhelm Breitenbach 9 September 1881 …
- … Thiselton-Dyer, 10 May 1881 ; Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242)). …
- … 295 Wilhelm Breitenbach Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 9 Sept 1881 Charles Robert Darwin …
- … D r . Wilhelm Breitenbach Porto Alegre. 9. Sept. 1881. | Rio Grande do Sul. | Brazil. …
- … D r . Wilhelm Breitenbach Porto Alegre. 9. Sept. 1881. | Rio Grande do Sul. | Brazil. …
- … letter to Wilhelm Breitenbach, 20 [June] 1881 . CD evidently sent Breitenbach a copy of …
- … the book in his letter (see letter from Wilhelm Breitenbach, [before 20 June 1881] ). See …
- … letter to Wilhelm Breitenbach, 20 [June] 1881 and nn. 3 and 4. CD was interested in …
- … in the laboratory of Anton de Bary in Straßburg (Strasbourg) from 10 May 1881 until …
- … 1 August 1881 ( letter to W. T. …
- … 2. London: HMSO. Ihering, Hermann von. 1881. Über den Giftapparat der Korallenschlange. …
- … in his letter of [before 20 June 1881] . Medusae are the sexual forms of individuals of …
- … in the Zeitschrift für Ethnologie , 18 June 1881, pp. 209–10, discussed his research on …
- … On the venom apparatus of the coral snake; Ihering 1881 ) appeared in Zoologischer …
- … Anzeiger , 1 August 1881. Julius Victor Carus was the editor of Zoologischer Anzeiger . No …
To Francis Darwin 27 May 1881
Summary
Dispatches chapters six and seven [of Earthworms].
Asks for any opinions on V. Hensen and his book, Physiologie der Zeugung [1881], which seems interesting.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Francis Darwin |
| Date: | 27 May 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 211: 77 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13179 |
Matches: 13 hits
- … To Francis Darwin 27 May 1881 …
- … DAR 211: 77 Charles Robert Darwin Down 27 May 1881 Francis Darwin …
- … on V. Hensen and his book, Physiologie der Zeugung [1881], which seems interesting. …
- … Station | Orpington. S.E.R. ) May 27 th 1881 My dear F. I despatch today Ch VI & VII, so …
- … Ludimar Hermann. Leipzig: Vogel. Hult, Ragnar. 1881. Försök till analytisk behandling af …
- … of the pendulum, see Nature , 3 November 1881, p. 20). The ‘shop’ was the recently founded …
- … Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1881. Grove, George. 2002. The new Grove dictionary …
- … London: Headline Book Publishing. Hensen, Victor. 1881. Physiologie der Zeugung . Part II: …
- … in the Lake District from 2 June to 5 July 1881 ( Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242)). Francis …
- … paper soldiers (see letter from Francis Darwin, 19 [May 1881] and n. 13). Ragnar Hult ’s …
- … analytical approach to plant formations; Hult 1881 ), was, in fact, about the structure of …
- … Physiology of reproduction; Hensen 1881 ) has not been found in the Darwin Library–CUL. …
- … Dimorphic condition in Primula ’ (see Hensen 1881 , pp. 150, 169–70, 175–6, and passim ). …
| letter | (1224) |
| people | (608) |
| bibliography | (148) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (598) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (33) |
| Darwin, W. E. | (31) |
| Darwin, G. H. | (21) |
| Lyell, Charles | (19) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (593) |
| Darwin, Francis | (34) |
| Romanes, G. J. | (33) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (32) |
| Darwin, W. E. | (27) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (1191) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (65) |
| Darwin, W. E. | (58) |
| Darwin, Francis | (52) |
| Romanes, G. J. | (50) |
| 1835 | (1) |
| 1836 | (1) |
| 1837 | (3) |
| 1838 | (1) |
| 1842 | (2) |
| 1843 | (3) |
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| 1847 | (4) |
| 1848 | (3) |
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| 1880 | (132) |
| 1881 | (732) |
| 1882 | (93) |
Darwin in letters, 1881: Old friends and new admirers
Summary
In May 1881, Darwin, one of the best-known celebrities in England if not the world, began writing about all the eminent men he had met. He embarked on this task, which formed an addition to his autobiography, because he had nothing else to do. He had…
Matches: 28 hits
- … In May 1881, Darwin, one of the best-known celebrities in England if not the world, …
- … was another source of pleasure in the early months of 1881. This book had been a major undertaking …
- … making 2000’ ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 4 January 1881 ). Unlike Darwin’s other books, …
- … case is to me’ (letters to W. E. Darwin, 31 January [1881] and 19 February [1881] ). On 7 …
- … individual experience ( letter from G. J. Romanes, 7 March 1881 ). The difficulty with earthworms …
- … were trustworthy ( letter to Francis Galton, 8 March [1881] ). Although results from earlier …
- … ‘a game of chance’ ( letter to R. F. Cooke, 12 April 1881 ). On 18 May he described his work on …
- … annuals ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 21 March [1881] ). Darwin thought flowers of the semi- …
- … sulky in a day or two’ ( letter to R. F. Cooke, 29 July 1881 ). The degree of Darwin’s distress …
- … period of the season’ ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 30 July 1881 ). Darwin gave in. ‘I am now uneasy …
- … teacher told him ( letter from C. E. Södling, 14 October 1881 ), while H. M. Wallis, who sent …
- … general stock of knowledge’ ( letter to E. W. Bok, 10 May 1881 ). Josef Popper, an expert on …
- … any criticism’ ( letter to C. G. Semper, 19 July 1881 ). He continued his friendly disagreement …
- … of the Fuegians’ ( letter to W. P. Snow, 22 November 1881 ). Darwin received news about the …
- … on the shoulder (l etter from B. J. Sulivan, 18 March 1881 ). Among numerous new …
- … ( letter from Francisco de Arruda Furtado, 29 July 1881 ). Likewise, among the many books …
- … excellent Journal’ ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 4 July [1881] ). In these ways, Darwin kept up with …
- … conscious of it’ ( letter to Alexander Agassiz, 5 May 1881 ). His scientific friends, however, did …
- … on all our minds’ ( letter to John Lubbock, [18 September 1881] ). When Hooker, anxious about his …
- … much out’ of his mind ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 20 June [1881] ). Feeling ‘awfully guilty’ for …
- … & many a good fight’ (letters to J. D. Hooker, 6 August 1881 and 12 August 1881 ). …
- … on all physiologists’ ( letter to G. J. Romanes, 18 April 1881 ). A letter he had written to the …
- … & tear of controversy’ ( letter to G. R. Jesse, 23 April 1881 ). Later in the year, Darwin …
- … judgment on the subject ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 12 July 1881 ). However, some requests were …
- … intelligent man’ ( letter from G. J. Romanes, 1 July [1881] ). Despite this, Darwin thanked ‘all …
- … ‘go to the wall’ ( letter to G. H. Darwin, 19 November [1881] ). Darwin was as solicitous about …
- … no pretensions’ (l etter from W. E. Darwin, 13 January [1881 ]), Darwin immediately prepared a …
- … have occurred to him’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 29 January 1881 ). While Francis was …
Volume 29 (1881) is published!
Summary
In October 1881, Darwin published his last book, The formation of vegetable mould through the action of worms: with observations on their habits. A slim volume on a subject that many people could understand and on which they had their own opinions, it went…
Matches: 8 hits
- … From the start of 1881, Darwin had his demise on his mind. He increasingly relied on his son …
- … now available. Read more about Darwin's life in 1881 in our Life in letters series …
- … received. Letter t o Francis Darwin, 9 November [1881] In October 1881, Darwin …
- … Letter to A. B. Buckley, 4 January 1881 In January, Darwin heard that …
- … do. Letter to J. D. Hooker, 15 June 1881 The Darwins spent June in the …
- … Letter to W. E. Darwin, 4 August [1881] In early August, Darwin …
- … Letter to T. H. Farrer, 28 August 1881 Darwin’s elder brother, …
- … Letter t o B. J. Sulivan, 1 December 1881 …
Intellectual capacities: From Caroline Kennard, 26 December 1881
Summary
We might assume that among female admirers of Darwin’s work, many would have been disappointed by his views on the comparative intellectual capacities of the sexes expressed in The Descent of Man (1872). This was certainly true of the American feminist…
Terms of engagement: To Julius Wiesner, 25 October 1881
Summary
Thomas Huxley’s pugnacious public defence of evolution led to his nickname ‘Darwin’s bulldog’ and to a view of Darwin as an evader of controversy. Darwin firmly believed that controversy rarely did any good, but this did not mean that he avoided challenges…
Matches: 1 hits
- … however, was tempered. Writing to Wiesner on 25 October 1881 , Darwin stated ‘I have no doubt …
Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small
Summary
In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…
Matches: 11 hits
- … in Down, where his brother Erasmus had been interred in 1881. But some of his scientific friends …
- … vol. 29, letter from Arthur de Souza Corrêa, 28 December 1881 ). Darwin had a long-running …
- … last book, Earthworms , had been published in October 1881. It proved to be very popular, with …
- … vol. 29, letter from J. F. Simpson, 8 November 1881 ). He remarked on the ‘far reaching …
- … Correspondence vol. 29, letter to Emily Talbot, 19 July 1881 ) was also published in the …
- … American, Caroline Kennard, had written on 26 December 1881 (see Correspondence vol. 29) to …
- … on the topic of science and art. He had sat for Collier in 1881 for a portrait commissioned by the …
- … letter from John Collier, 22 February 1882 ; T. H. Huxley 1881, pp. 199–245). Huxley used …
- … discoverer of tidal evolution’ ( Nature , 24 November 1881, p. 81). Darwin boasted to Rich: …
- … the birth of his first child (Erasmus Darwin) on 7 December 1881. Finally, Darwin had a second …
- … by Lyell’s sister-in-law Katherine (see K. M. Lyell ed. 1881, 2: 445–6). A complete draft and …
Alexander Burns Usborne
Summary
Alexander Burns Usborne was born in Kendal, Westmorland, in 1808, the son of Alexander and Margaret Usborne; his father died in 1818 and in his will was described as the purser on HMS Hannibal. His son joined the navy in 1825 aged 16 as a second-class…
1.18 John Collier, oil in Linnean
Summary
< Back to Introduction By 1881 it was clear to Darwin’s intimates that he was increasingly frail, and that, as he approached death, he had finally escaped from religious controversy to become a heroic figure, loved and venerated for his achievements…
Matches: 7 hits
- … < Back to Introduction By 1881 it was clear to Darwin’s intimates that he was …
- … Society in 1858. Moreover, the Society was now, in May 1881, dominated by Darwinians. Its President …
- … work and any other subject that cropped up.’ On 7 August 1881 Darwin was able to report to Romanes …
- … of image John Collier date of creation 1881 computer-readable date …
- … archive, manuscript letter LL/8, Darwin to Romanes, 27 May 1881. Correspondence between Darwin and …
- … Letter from Darwin to his son George, 23 July 1881, telling him the picture was finished (DCP-LETT …
- … pp. 118–121, correspondence between Romanes and Darwin in 1881 (DCP-LETT-13173, 13229, 13282). …
Darwin in letters, 1880: Sensitivity and worms
Summary
‘My heart & soul care for worms & nothing else in this world,’ Darwin wrote to his old Shrewsbury friend Henry Johnson on 14 November 1880. Darwin became fully devoted to earthworms in the spring of the year, just after finishing the manuscript of…
Matches: 3 hits
- … from scientific debate. The matter spilled over into January 1881. With Henrietta’s aid, the advice …
- … bags ( letter from G. J. Romanes, [6, 13, or 20] March 1881 ). Romanes was at work on a lengthy …
- … memorial was eventually submitted to Gladstone in January 1881 and was successful. For a copy of the …
Casting about: Darwin on worms
Summary
Earthworms were the subject of a citizen science project to map the distribution of earthworms across Britain (BBC Today programme, 26 May 2014). The general understanding of the role earthworms play in improving soils and providing nutrients for plants to…
Matches: 3 hits
Diagrams and drawings in letters
Summary
Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…
Matches: 1 hits
- … and the fertilisation of figs by Hymenoptera, 9 January 1881 CD's instructions to …
4.41 'Punch', Sambourne cartoon 2
Summary
< Back to Introduction In October 1881, Darwin was included in Linley Sambourne’s series of ‘Punch’s Fancy Portraits’ of celebrities as No. 54. While the caption recurs to the old theme of Darwin’s views on human ancestry, the drawing contains a more…
3.20 Elliott and Fry, c.1880-1, verandah
Summary
< Back to Introduction In photographs of Darwin taken c.1880-1, the expression of energetic thought conveyed by photographs of earlier years gives way to the pathos of evident physical frailty. While Collier’s oil portrait of this time emphasises…
Matches: 5 hits
- … and Letters of his father (1887), and there it was dated 1881. However, another photograph from …
- … by the National Portrait Gallery (NPG X5938) to 29 November 1881. However, Janet Browne points out …
- … of sadness at that time. In a letter to Hooker of 15 June 1881, echoed in another to B.J. Sulivan of …
- … of Elliott and Fry date of creation c.1880-1881 computer-readable date c …
- … and bibliography letters from Darwin to Hooker, 15 June 1881 (DCP-LETT-13207) and to B.J. Sulivan, …
Darwin's bad days
Summary
Despite being a prolific worker who had many successes with his scientific theorising and experimenting, even Darwin had some bad days. These times when nothing appeared to be going right are well illustrated by the following quotations from his letters:
Matches: 1 hits
- … Despite being a prolific worker who had many successes with his scientific theorising and …
Exercise: Caricatures of Science
Summary
Caricatures provide intriguing insights into both ideals and transgressions of gender. The following six images show caricatured representations of nineteenth-century men and women of science. They provide insight into the boundaries of what was deemed …
Matches: 1 hits
- … align="aligncenter" width="206"] Clémence Royer (1881)[/caption] …
3.18 Elliott and Fry photos, c.1869-1871
Summary
< Back to Introduction The leading photographic firm of Elliott and Fry seems to have portrayed Darwin at Down House on several occasions. In November 1869 Darwin told A. B. Meyer, who wanted photographs of both him and Wallace for a German…
Matches: 3 hits
3.21 Herbert Rose Barraud, photos
Summary
< Back to Introduction The successful portrait photographer Herbert Rose Barraud, who had studios in London and Liverpool, photographed Darwin in the summer of 1881, in a group of four or so close-up head-and-shoulders portraits. This was probably at…
Matches: 3 hits
4.42 'Punch' Sambourne cartoon 3
Summary
< Back to Introduction Linley Sambourne’s last caricature of Darwin, ‘Man is But a Worm’, was published in Punch’s Almanac for 1882 on 6 December 1881, only four months before Darwin’s death. Like Sambourne’s ‘Punch’s Fancy Portraits. No. 54. Charles…
Matches: 4 hits
- … published in Punch’s Almanac for 1882 on 6 December 1881, only four months before Darwin’s death …
- … No. 54. Charles Robert Darwin, LL.D., F.R.S.’ of October 1881, it is an affectionate and whimsical …
- … date of creation November-December 1881 computer-readable date 1881-11-01 to 1881-12-5 …
- … Punch’s Almanac for 1882 , issued 6 December 1881 (unpaginated). Janet Browne, Charles Darwin: …
Religion
Summary
Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…
Earthworms
Summary
As with many of Darwin’s research topics, his interest in worms spanned nearly his entire working life. Some of his earliest correspondence about earthworms was written and received in the 1830s, shortly after his return from his Beagle voyage, and his…
Dipsacus and Drosera: Frank’s favourite carnivores
Summary
In Autumn of 1875, Francis Darwin was busy researching aggregation in the tentacles of Drosera rotundifolia (F. Darwin 1876). This phenomenon occurs when coloured particles within either protoplasm or the fluid in the cell vacuole (the cell sap) cluster…
Matches: 1 hits
- … again, for I am sure that it is worth it.’ As late as 1881, less than a year before his death, …
