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To A. R. Wallace 15 April [1868]

Summary

Admires ARW’s "Theory of birds’ nests" [J. Travel & Nat. Hist. 1 (1868): 73].

Discusses their respective views on birds’ nests, sexual selection, and protection.

Asks why, if brilliant colours of female butterflies are result of protective mimicry, do not males become equally brilliant? CD believes variation in females alone accounts for it, rather than protection.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	15 Apr [1868]
Classmark:	The British Library (Add MS 46434: 133–5)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-6121

Matches: 13 hits

… R. Wallace, 22 February [1868] ). …
… To A. R. Wallace 15 April [1868] …
… Add MS 46434: 133–5) Charles Robert Darwin Down 15 Apr [1868] Alfred Russel Wallace …
… the book (see letter from A. R. Wallace, 7 February 1868 , n. 4, and letter to A. …
… Bibliography Wallace, Alfred Russel. 1868. A theory of birds’ nests: shewing the relation …
… to their mode of nidification. Journal of Travel and Natural History 1 (1868–9): 73–89. …
… birds’ nests" [ J. Travel & Nat. Hist. 1 (1868): 73]. Discusses their respective views on …
… The year is established by the reference to A. R. Wallace 1868 (see n. 2, below). CD …
… of birds’ nests’, which appeared in the April 1868 issue of Journal of Travel and Natural …
… History ( A. R. Wallace 1868 ). Wallace had argued that birds with both sexes brightly …
… coloured built open nests ( A. R. Wallace 1868 , p. 78). Wallace had given examples of …
… incubated the eggs ( A. R. Wallace 1868 , pp. 83–4). CD probably refers to a passage …
… are pleasing to the other’ ( A. R. Wallace 1868 , p. 82). See, for example, A. R. …

To A. R. Wallace 27 February [1868]

Summary

Pleased by ARW’s response to Pangenesis.

On negative reception by his friends.

Further argument concerning sterility and natural selection.

Polygamy and sexual selection.

Protection.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	27 Feb [1868]
Classmark:	The British Library (Add MS 46434: 108–11)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-5940

Matches: 16 hits

… To A. R. Wallace 27 February [1868] …
… of protective coloration, see the letter from Albany Hancock, 8 February 1868 and n. 3. …
… Add MS 46434: 108–11) Charles Robert Darwin Down 27 Feb [1868] Alfred Russel Wallace …
… this letter and the letter from A. R. Wallace, 24 February 1868 . See letter from A. …
… R. Wallace, 24 February 1868 and n. 5. …
… letter from Henry Holland, 11 February [1868] . CD refers to Joseph Dalton Hooker ; see …
… from J. D. Hooker, 26[–7] February 1868 . CD refers to Herbert Spencer ; see letter …
… plants under domestication. By Charles Darwin. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1868. Wallace, …
… Alfred Russel. 1868. A theory of birds’ nests: shewing the relation of certain sexual …
… to their mode of nidification. Journal of Travel and Natural History 1 (1868–9): 73–89. …
… letter from A. R. Wallace, 24 February 1868 . CD was in London from 3 March to 1 April ( …
… Berthold Carl Seeman (see also letter to John Murray, 25 February [1868] and n. 5). On …
… from A. R. Wallace, 24 February 1868 and n. 6. CD refers to George Howard Darwin , …
… selection, see the enclosure to his letter of 1 March 1868 . See Variation 2: 185–9. …
… A. R. Wallace 1868 . See letter from A. …
… R. Wallace, 24 February 1868 and n. 3. On birds of paradise, see …

To A. R. Wallace 19 August [1868]

Summary

The problem of dimorphic plants and their fertility.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	19 Aug [1868]
Classmark:	The British Library (Add MS 46434: 143–6)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-6322

Matches: 15 hits

… To A. R. Wallace 19 August [1868] …
… Add MS 46434: 143–6) Charles Robert Darwin Freshwater 19 Aug [1868] Alfred Russel Wallace …
… wife, Annie, visited Down on the weekend of 12 and 13 September 1868 ( letter to J. D. …
… Hooker, [8–10 September 1868] , Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242)). …
… Isle of Wight from 17 July to 20 August 1868 ( Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242)). See letter …
… from A. R. Wallace, 16 August [1868] . The British Association for the Advancement of …
… meeting at Norwich from 19 to 26 August 1868 ( Report of the 38th meeting of the British …
… Joseph Dalton Hooker visited Freshwater from 8 to 14 August 1868 (see letter from J. …
… D. Hooker, 6 August 1868 , and letter to …
… Asa Gray, 15 August [1868] ). He was to deliver the presidential address at the British …
… R. Wallace 1869 . See letter from A. R. Wallace, 16 August [1868] and n. 5. See letter …
… from A. R. Wallace, 16 August [1868] . CD refers to George Henry Lewes ; see letter …
… from G. H. Lewes, 26 July 1868 and n. 2. See letter …
… from A. R. Wallace, 1 May [1868] , and letter to A. …
… R. Wallace, 5 May [1868] . See Origin , pp. 84–5, 89, 197. CD made small changes to the …

To A. R. Wallace 16 September [1868]

Summary

CD’s oscillating views relating to protection and sexual selection.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	16 Sept [1868]
Classmark:	The British Library (Add MS 46434: 149–50)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-6368

Matches: 14 hits

… To A. R. Wallace 16 September [1868] …
… letter to J. D. Hooker, [8–10 September 1868] ). See letter from B. …
… D. Walsh, 29 August 1868 . …
… Add MS 46434: 149–50) Charles Robert Darwin Down 16 Sept [1868] Alfred Russel Wallace …
… from A. R. Wallace, [14 September 1868] . CD evidently discussed beetles with Wallace …
… 5, below). Notes dated 7 and 14 September 1868 indicate that CD and his son Francis Darwin …
… this volume see especially letter from A. R. Wallace, 1 May [1868] , and letters to A. …
… R. Wallace, 5 May [1868] and …
… 19 August [1868] ). CD’s …
… notes on the subject, dated 4 September 1868, are in DAR 84.2: 215, 216. For more on CD’s …
… House over the weekend of 12 and 13 September 1868 (see Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242), and …
… Wallace’s Euchirus longimanus , on 12 October 1868 (see DAR 81: 32); for CD’s conclusions …
… letter from A. R. Wallace, [14 September 1868] and n. 5. Musk beetles, including the …
… beetle’s stridulating organ on 21 September 1868 (see DAR 81: 29). During Wallace’s recent …

To A. R. Wallace [21 March 1868]

Summary

On problem of sterility, CD cannot persuade himself that it has been gained by natural selection.

On sexual selection and minute variations, he tends to agree with ARW. Sends George Darwin’s notes on ARW’s argument.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	[21 Mar 1868]
Classmark:	The British Library (Add MS 46434: 119–20); DAR 106: B160–3
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-6033

Matches: 15 hits

… To A. R. Wallace [21 March 1868] …
… B160–3 Charles Robert Darwin London, Chester Place, 4 [21 Mar 1868] Alfred Russel Wallace …
… and plants under domestication. By Charles Darwin. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1868. …
… the relationship between this letter and the letter from A. R. Wallace, 19 March 1868 . …
… In 1868, the first Saturday after 19 March was 21 March. CD refers to George Howard …
… See letter to G. H. Darwin, 24 January [1868] and n. 2. For Wallace’s query, see …
… the letter from A. R. Wallace, 19 March 1868 and n. 6. See enclosure. …
… Weir’s remarks in his letter of 16 March 1868 . George is quoting from Wallace’s note on …
… to letter from A. R. Wallace, 1 March 1868 ). The numbers heading the arguments refer to …
… in the enclosure to Wallace’s letter of 1 March 1868 . For Wallace’s response to George’s …
… comments, see the letter from A. R. Wallace, 24 March [1868] . See letter from A. …
… R. Wallace, 19 March 1868 and n. 1. Westbourne Grove was Wallace’s London address. He …
… his wife’s parents (see letter from A. R. Wallace, 19 March 1868 ). See letter from A. …
… R. Wallace, 1 March 1868 . CD refers to Variation 2: 185–6. CD refers to the second …
… see the letter from A. R. Wallace, 19 March 1868 . CD probably refers to John …

To A. R. Wallace 5 May [1868]

Summary

Criticism of ARW for too little esteem of the role of sexual selection as agent in giving colour.

Response to other topics.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	5 May [1868]
Classmark:	The British Library (Add MS 46434: 140–1)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-6161

Matches: 14 hits

… To A. R. Wallace 5 May [1868] …
… Add MS 46434: 140–1) Charles Robert Darwin Down 5 May [1868] Alfred Russel Wallace …
… letter from A. R. Wallace, 1 May [1868] ; CD discussed the tusks of female elephants …
… See letter from A. R. Wallace, 1 May [1868] . CD did not mention the greater intensity …
… this letter and the letter from A. R. Wallace, 1 May [1868] . See letter from A. …
… R. Wallace, 1 May [1868] . There are notes by CD relating to his …
… coloration in birds, some dated 4 and 6 May 1868, in DAR 84.2: 4–8. CD discussed secondary …
… See letter from A. R. Wallace, 28 April [1868] . CD discussed Wallace’s views on nesting …
… 80. See letter from A. R. Wallace, 1 May [1868] ; see also Descent 1: 413–15 and n. 31. …
… difference in fishes in late 1867 and early 1868; see Correspondence vol. 15, letter from …
… A. C. L. G. Günther, [late December 1867 or early January 1868] , and letters from …
… Robert Buist , 26 February 1868 and …
… 5 March 1868 . For Wallace’s summary, see the letter from A. …
… R. Wallace, 1 May [1868] . Wallace wrote on the protective function of colour in insects …

To A. R. Wallace 17 [March 1868]

Summary

On his Primula paper for the Linnean Society ["On the specific difference between Primula veris, Brit. Fl. (var. officialis, Linn.), P. vulgaris, Brit. Fl. var. acaulis, Linn.), and P. elatior, Jacq.; and on the hybrid nature of the common oxlip; with supplementary remarks on naturally produced hybrids of the genus Verbascum", [officinalis!?] J. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Bot.) 10 (1869): 437–54].

Peacocks and sexual selection.

ARW’s sterility argument has driven CD’s sons half-mad.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	17 [Mar 1868]
Classmark:	The British Library (Add MS 43434: 115–17)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-6018

Matches: 15 hits

… To A. R. Wallace 17 [March 1868] …
… 115–17) Charles Robert Darwin London, Chester Place, 4 17 [Mar 1868] Alfred Russel Wallace …
… of birds’ nests’ ( A. R. Wallace 1868 ), which appeared in the short-lived Journal of …
… relationship between this letter and the letter from A. R. Wallace, 15 March [1868] . …
… In his letter of 15 March [1868] , Wallace provided CD with information on brightly …
… from W. B. Tegetmeier, 8 January [1868 ? ] and n. 2. CD had a carte de visite made from …
… letter from A. R. Wallace, 1 March 1868 ). George Howard Darwin . CD refers to Wallace’s …
… By Charles Darwin. [Read 19 March 1868. ] Journal of the Linnean Society ( Botany ) 10 ( …
… 1869): 437–54. Wallace, Alfred Russel. 1868. A theory of birds’ nests: shewing the …
… to their mode of nidification. Journal of Travel and Natural History 1 (1868–9): 73–89. …
… 1865] and n. 3). See letter from A. R. Wallace, 15 March [1868] and n. 7. According to …
… 242), Wallace and Annie Wallace visited Down on 12 September 1868. See letter from A. …
… R. Wallace, 15 March [1868] and n. 6. …
… difference in Primula ’ , was read on 19 March 1868 at the Linnean Society . There is no …
… the letter to Roland Trimen, 16 January [1868] , n. 5. Wallace had written a short essay …

To A. R. Wallace 6 October [1868]

Summary

Sexual selection, protection.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	6 Oct [1868]
Classmark:	The British Library (Add MS 46434: 162–3)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-6412

Matches: 7 hits

… To A. R. Wallace 6 October [1868] …
… Add MS 46434: 162–3) Charles Robert Darwin Down 6 Oct [1868] Alfred Russel Wallace …
… of A. R. Wallace 1869 ; see the letter from A. R. Wallace, 4 October 1868 and n. 1. …
… this letter and the letter from A. R. Wallace, 4 October 1868 . See letter from A. …
… R. Wallace, 4 October 1868 . See letter from A. …
… R. Wallace, 4 October 1868 . See also Descent 2: 158–9. See …
… letter from A. R. Wallace, 4 October 1868 and n. 7. See Descent 2: 196. CD refers to …

To A. R. Wallace 6 April [1868]

Summary

More on the "terrible problem" of natural selection and sterility. CD’s reasons for disagreeing with ARW. CD analyses and answers ARW in detail in defence of his conclusion that sterility cannot be increased through natural selection.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	6 Apr [1868]
Classmark:	The British Library (Add MS 46434: 125–9)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-6095

Matches: 11 hits

… To A. R. Wallace 6 April [1868] …
… Add MS 46434: 125–9) Charles Robert Darwin Down 6 Apr [1868] Alfred Russel Wallace …
… and plants under domestication. By Charles Darwin. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1868. …
… and the letter to A. R. Wallace, 27 March [1868] . CD refers to Wallace’s argument that …
… see letter from A. R. Wallace, 1 March 1868 and enclosure). Joseph Dalton Hooker . …
… see letter to Fritz Müller, 3 April [1868] and n. 2). CD refers to his provisional …
… see enclosure to letter to A. R. Wallace, [21 March 1868] , and letter from A. …
… R. Wallace, 24 March [1868] ). See enclosure to letter from A. …
… R. Wallace, 1 March 1868 . Herbert Spencer . See letter from …
… A. R. Wallace, 24 March [1868] and n. 5. See letter …
… from A. R. Wallace, 24 March [1868] and enclosure. CD was studying the effects of …

To A. R. Wallace 30 April [1868]

Summary

More on CD’s objections to ARW’s views on protection and natural selection.

Sexual selection.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	30 Apr [1868]
Classmark:	The British Library (Add MS 46434: 136–9)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-6146

Matches: 7 hits

… To A. R. Wallace 30 April [1868] …
… Add MS 46434: 136–9) Charles Robert Darwin Down 30 Apr [1868] Alfred Russel Wallace …
… R. Wallace, 28 April [1868] . See letter to A. …
… R. Wallace, [21 March 1868] and n. 4. …
… letter from A. R. Wallace, 28 April [1868] . CD refers to Thomas Clifford Allbutt . See …
… letter from A. R. Wallace, 28 April [1868] . CD’s discussion of the ‘law’ that the sperm …
… been identified. See letter from A. R. Wallace, 28 April [1868] . See letter from A. …

To A. R. Wallace 23 September [1868]

Summary

On their differences concerning sexual selection and protection.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	23 Sept [1868]
Classmark:	The British Library (Add MS 46434: 153–6)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-6386

Matches: 13 hits

… To A. R. Wallace 23 September [1868] …
… Add MS 46434: 153–6) Charles Robert Darwin Down 23 Sept [1868] Alfred Russel Wallace …
… this letter and the letter from A. R. Wallace, 18 September [1868] . Letter from A. …
… R. Wallace, 18 September [1868] . CD was writing the portion of Descent on sexual …
… letter to A. R. Wallace, 19 August [1868] ). For CD’s and Wallace’s differing opinions …
… letter from A. R. Wallace, 18 September [1868] and n. 7). CD discussed the transmission …
… plants under domestication. By Charles Darwin. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1868. Wallace, …
… Alfred Russel. 1868. A theory of birds’ nests: shewing the relation of certain sexual …
… to their mode of nidification. Journal of Travel and Natural History 1 (1868–9): 73–89. …
… to A. R. Wallace, 16 September [1868] and n. 4. On the transmission of characters to …
… letter from A. R. Wallace, 18 September [1868] and n. 4. In Descent 2: 155–8, CD began …
… among animals’), and A. R. Wallace 1868 (‘A theory of birds’ nests: shewing the relation …
… See letter from Louis Agassiz, 22 July 1868 . Notes in DAR 82 indicate that CD also …

To A. R. Wallace 27 March [1868]

Summary

There are so many doubtful points on the problems relating to sterility that they will never agree.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	27 Mar [1868]
Classmark:	The British Library (Add MS 46434: 123–4)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-6058

Matches: 7 hits

… To A. R. Wallace 27 March [1868] …
… 123–4) Charles Robert Darwin London, Chester Place, 4 27 Mar [1868] Alfred Russel Wallace …
… the letter to A. R. Wallace, [21 March 1868] . For Wallace’s reply to George’s comments, …
… see the letter from A. R. Wallace, 24 March [1868] . …
… the letter from A. R. Wallace, 19 March 1868 . CD refers to George Howard Darwin . See …
… letter from G. H. Darwin, [27] March [1868] and n. 4. See letter …
… to A. R. Wallace 17 [March 1868] and n. 7. For George’s critique of Wallace’s argument …

To A. R. Wallace 9 April [1868]

Summary

Warns ARW of dubious character of list of European alpine genera and species in volcanoes of Hawaii. Problems of geographical distribution in oceanic islands.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	9 Apr [1868]
Classmark:	The British Library (Add MS 46434)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-6109

Matches: 7 hits

… To A. R. Wallace 9 April [1868] …
… Library (Add MS 46434) Charles Robert Darwin Down 9 Apr [1868] Alfred Russel Wallace …
… from A. R. Wallace, 8 [April] 1868 and n. 7. …
… the letter from A. R. Wallace, 8 [April] 1868 . CD refers to Berthold Carl Seemann and a …
… the list to CD with his letter of 8 [April] 1868 , but CD evidently returned it and it has …
… letter from J. D. Hooker, 7 April 1868 ). The Sandwich Islands was the name given to the …
… 8 , 2: 402–32 (see letter from A. R. Wallace, 8 [April] 1868 and n. 8). See letter …

To A. R. Wallace 22 February [1868]

Summary

Reports work on sexual selection. Problems with the relative numbers of the two sexes and polygamy. Asks ARW’s help with several questions on polygamous birds.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	22 Feb [1868]
Classmark:	The British Library (Add MS 46434: 104–5)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-5912

Matches: 6 hits

… To A. R. Wallace 22 February [1868] …
… Add MS 46434: 104–5) Charles Robert Darwin Down 22 Feb [1868] Alfred Russel Wallace …
… the letter from Albany Hancock, 8 February 1868 , n. 3. CD refers to Henry Walter Bates ; …
… letter from H. W. Bates, 18 February 1868 and n. 1. Wallace had published two papers …
… and the letter from A. R. Wallace, 24 February 1868 . The display of plumage by the male …
… ibid. , pp. 86 and 88. See letter from A. R. Wallace, 7 February 1868 and n. 4. On …

To A. R. Wallace 5 [July 1870]

Summary

CD sends a "curious drawing" [missing] relating to imitation and protection.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	5 [July 1870]
Classmark:	The British Library (Add MS 46434: 204–5)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-7218

Matches: 5 hits

… A. R. Wallace, 15 April [1868] and nn. 3 and 4, and letter from A. …
… R. Wallace, 4 October 1868 ). The German article has not been identified. …
… Press. 1985–. Wallace, Alfred Russel. 1868. A theory of birds’ nests: shewing the relation …
… to their mode of nidification. Journal of Travel and Natural History 1 (1868–9): 73–89. …
… Wallace] 1867b, Wallace 1867c , Wallace 1868 ; see also Correspondence vol. 16, letter to …

To A. R. Wallace 12 and 13 October [1867]

Summary

Response to ARW’s "Creation by law", especially the Angraecum sesquipedale and the predicted Madagascar moth.

ARW’s argument on beauty strikes CD as good.

Wishes ARW had made more clear the assumption of the reviewer [in North Br. Rev.] that each variation is a strongly marked one.

The Duke of Argyll’s argument on beauty is not candid.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	12 and 13 Oct 1867
Classmark:	The British Library (Add 46434 f. 96)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-5648

Matches: 5 hits

… plants under domestication. By Charles Darwin. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1868. Wallace, …
… Alfred Russel. 1868. A theory of birds’ nests: shewing the relation of certain sexual …
… Journal of Travel and Natural History 1 (1868–9): 73–89. Warington, George. 1867. On the …
… and Natural History ( A. R. Wallace 1868 –9). CD also refers to the letter from Wallace …
… Variation was published on 30 January 1868 ( Freeman 1977 ). CD refers to Wallace’s London …

To A. R. Wallace 25 January [1859]

Summary

Expresses pleasure and relief at ARW’s response to joint publication of their pieces about natural selection.

Plans for the "abstract" [Origin].

Birds’ nests as evidence of variation of instincts.

Their collection of bees’ combs.

Praises ARW’s article.

Lyell’s and Hooker’s views [of species issue].

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	25 Jan [1859]
Classmark:	The British Library (Add MS 46434)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-2405

Matches: 2 hits

… in 1859. This plan was only partially completed with the publication of Variation (1868). …
… and plants under domestication. By Charles Darwin. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1868. …

To A. R. Wallace 22 January [1869]

Summary

Response to letter about dedication of Malay Archipelago and several scientific papers.

Changes in 5th ed. of Origin.

Now feels individual differences of paramount importance. Fleeming Jenkin has convinced him about "single variations".

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	22 Jan [1869]
Classmark:	The British Library (Add MS 46434: 165–6)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-6567

Matches: 3 hits

… CD also alludes to an article in the Spectator (Anon. 1868), written in response to the …
… article in Fraser’s ([Greg] 1868). CD had started work …
… the fifth edition of Origin on 26 December 1868 ( Correspondence vol. 16, Appendix II). …

To A. R. Wallace 31 August 1877

Summary

Response to Wallace’s article ["The colours of animals and plants", Macmillan’s Mag. (Sept 1877)] on sexual colours and "voluntary" sexual selection.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	31 Aug 1877
Classmark:	The British Library (Add MS 46434)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-11121

Matches: 3 hits

… Correspondence vol. 16, letter from A. R. Wallace, 18 September [1868] , and letter to A. …
… R. Wallace, 23 September [1868] ; see also A. R. …
… Wallace 1866 , 1867, and 1868). In his article, Wallace argued that bright, intense …

To A. R. Wallace 29 April [1867]

Summary

Comments on ARW’s view of colouring in relation to sexual selection and protection. It is not new to CD. Hopes to discuss subject fully in his "Essay on Man" [Descent]. As to the problem of brightly coloured females, CD is not satisfied that it is due to males taking over incubation. Admires "value and beauty" of ARW’s generalisations.

Author:	Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:	Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:	29 Apr [1867]
Classmark:	The British Library (Add 46434, f. 84)
Letter no:	DCP-LETT-5517

Matches: 5 hits

… plants under domestication. By Charles Darwin. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1868. Wallace, …
… Alfred Russel. 1868. A theory of birds’ nests: shewing the relation of certain sexual …
… to their mode of nidification. Journal of Travel and Natural History 1 (1868–9): 73–89. …
… Travel and Natural History ( A. R. Wallace 1868 –9). Wallace cited the fourth edition of …
… discussed on pp. 38–9. In A. R. Wallace 1868 –9, Wallace wrote (pp. 77–8): The sexual …

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Darwin in letters, 1868: Studying sex

Summary

The quantity of Darwin’s correspondence increased dramatically in 1868 due largely to his ever-widening research on human evolution and sexual selection.Darwin’s theory of sexual selection as applied to human descent led him to investigate aspects of the…

Matches: 27 hits

… On 6 March 1868, Darwin wrote to the entomologist and accountant John Jenner Weir, ‘If …
… The quantity of his correspondence increased dramatically in 1868; the increase was due largely to …
… and his immediate circle of friends and relations. In July 1868 Darwin was still anticipating that …
… and not too much’ ( letter to Albert Günther, 15 May [1868] ). My book is horribly …
… as early as 1865, the two-volume work appeared in January 1868. A final delay caused by the indexing …
… look rather blank’ ( letter from W. S. Dallas, 8 January 1868 ). Darwin sympathised, replying on …
… fairly nauseated’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 February [1868] ). But such worries were laid to …
… was clearly impressed by Lewes’s reviews. On 7 August 1868 , he wrote him a lengthy letter from …
… not behind my back’ ( letter to John Murray, 25 February [1868] ). Wallace commiserated: ‘I am …
… to the paper’ ( letter from A. R. Wallace, 24 February [1868] ). The review was in fact by John …
… a veritable ass’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 1 September [1868] ). I am bothered with …
… Yorkshire, wrote of the colour of duck claws on 17 April 1868 . The letter was addressed to ‘the …
… Commons than any assembly in the world’ (from ?, 6 April 1868). On 21 May , Darwin complained to …
… breeder, who apologised in a letter of 11–13 May 1868 for his ‘voluminuous zeal’, and offered …
… changes in the canary (letters from J. J. Weir, [26] March 1868 and 3 June 1868 ). ‘It was …
… clear that I have none’ ( letter to J. J. Weir, 30 May [1868] ). Sexual selection …
… ratios was scanty, and he spent much of the first half of 1868 collecting facts on this question, …
… may be gained’ ( letter to H. T. Stainton, 21 February [1868] ). From the beginning, Darwin had …
… males getting wives’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 25 February [1868] ). Yet a number of Darwin’s …
… the American entomologist Benjamin Dann Walsh on 25 March 1868 . Wallace maintained that males …
… entomologists ( letter from Roland Trimen, 20 February 1868 , and letter from Robert MacLachlan, …
… in attracting females. J. J. Weir reported on 14 April 1868 that a bullfinch had piped a German …
… odour sexual!’ ( letter to A . R. Wallace, 16 September [1868] ). Francis sought additional advice …
… to his mother Emma in a letter dated [after 16 October 1868] : ‘I had a long work with Crotch to …
… in the dyed hen ( letter from Harrison Weir, 28 March 1868 ). Writing on the same day, Edward …
… of Species”’ ( letter from A. R. Wallace, 4 October 1868 ). Heaven protect my stomach …
… of Nat. Selection’ ( letter from A. R. Wallace, 8 [April] 1868 ). Researching emotion …

Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

Matches: 30 hits

… for ease of distribution sometime in late 1867 or early 1868. Darwin went over his questions, …
… in Ceylon, wrote the botanist George Thwaites on 22 July 1868 , “all endeavour to drill their …
… Scottish botanist John Scott wrote from Calcutta, 4 May 1868 : “Shame is … expressed by an …
… Bulmer, J 13 Aug 1868 [Gipps Land, nr. Flemington? …
… Bunnett, Templeton 13 Aug 1868 Echuca, Australia …
… Darwin, W.E. [after 29 March 1868] Chester Place, …
… Darwin, W.E. [7? April 1868] Southampton, England …
… Darwin, W.E. [22? April 1868] Southampton, England …
… Forbes, David 26 March 1868 Boulton, England (about …
… Geach, F.F. April 1868 Johore, Malaysia …
… Glenie, S.O. 22 July 1868 Peradeniya, Ceylon …
… Glenie, S.O. [July 1868] Trincomalee, Ceylon …
… Hagenauer, J.A. 13 Aug 1868 Flemington, Australia …
… Hawkshaw, Cicely Mary (to ED) 9 Feb 1868 Liphook, …
… Hooker, J.D. 5 Sept 1868 Kew, London (about Nagasaki …
… Lacy, Dyson [before 13 Aug 1868] [Queensland, …
… Lane, H.B. 13 Aug 1868 Belfast, Australia? …
… Lang, Archibald G. 13 Aug 1868 [Coranderrk, …
… Muller, Fritz 30 Jan [1868] Itajahy, Santa Catharina …
… Reade, Winwood W. 23 May 1868 Conservative Club, …
… Scherzer, Karl Von 20 Oct 1868 Ministry of Commerce, …
… Scott, John 4 May 1868 Royal Botanic Gardens, …
… Smyth, R. Brough 13 Aug 1868 Flemington, Australia …
… Speedy, J. 29 Sept 1868 Freshwater, Isle of Wight, …
… Swinhoe, Robert 4 Aug 1868 British Legation, Peking, …
… Thwaites, G.H.K. 1 Apr 1868 Peradeniya, Ceylon …
… Walsh, B.D. 25 March 1868 Rock Island, Illinois, USA …
… Weale, J.P.M. 23 Oct 1868 Bedford, Cape of Good Hope …
… Sarah E to ED [30 March-12 April 1868] London, …
… Wilson, Edward 19 Feb 1868 Hayes, Bromley, Kent, …

6430_10256

Summary

From Sven Nilsson to J. D. Hookerf1 25 October 1868Lund (Suède)25 Okt. 1868.Monsieur le Professeur! J’ai écrit à deux de mes amis qui ont des connaissances personnelles à la Lapponie, pour avoir les…

Matches: 12 hits

… From Sven Nilsson to J. D. Hooker f1 25 October 1868 Lund (Suède) 25 Okt. 1868. …
… CD’s query, see the letter to J. D. Hooker, 19 August 1868. Hooker passed CD’s query to Nilsson at …
… in Norwich (see letter from J. D. Hooker, 30 August 1868). f3 Nilsson sent the response in …
… An English translation was never published. Earlier in 1868, Longman’s, Green, and Company had …
… of northern Europe during the Stone Age (Nilsson 1868); see letter to John Lubbock, 15 February …
… on Nilsson’s view in Lubbock’s introduction to Nilsson 1868, pp. xxxv–xxxvi. …
… From Sven Nilsson to J. D. Hooker f1 25 October 1868 Lund (Sweden) 25 Oct. 1868 …
… CD’s query, see the letter to J. D. Hooker, 19 August 1868. Hooker passed CD’s query to Nilsson at …
… in Norwich (see letter from J. D. Hooker, 30 August 1868). f3 Nilsson sent the response in …
… An English translation was never published. Earlier in 1868, Longman’s, Green, and Company had …
… of northern Europe during the Stone Age (Nilsson 1868); see letter to John Lubbock, 15 February …
… on Nilsson’s view in Lubbock’s introduction to Nilsson 1868, pp. xxxv–xxxvi. …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 7 hits

… to produce capsules’ ( To Fritz Müller, 30 January [1868] ). Müller, in turn, sent seeds from his …
… produced by the former ( From Robert Caspary, 18 February 1868 ). Darwin eagerly requested seed …
… their power of growth’ ( To Robert Caspary, 25 February [1868] ). By this time he had already …
… (Variation 2: 128-9), which was published on 30 January 1868. In April 1868, Darwin informed …
… quite intelligible to me’ ( To George Bentham, 22 April 1868 ). A month later, he had another set …
… taken from the same plant!’ ( To J. D. Hooker, 21 May [1868] ) Pollen tubes, or rapidly elongating …
… he told Müller ( To Fritz Müller, 28 November 1868 ). In March 1869, Müller reported results of …

Reading my roommate’s illustrious ancestor: To T. H. Huxley, 10 June 1868

Summary

My roommate at Harvard College was Tom Baum, now a Hollywood screenwriter. Tom’s full name is Thomas Henle Baum, his middle name a reference to a German physician ancestor for whom the ‘Loop of Henle’ in the kidney had been named. Other than this iconic…

Matches: 2 hits

… with two copies of Part II of Volume 16 (July – December 1868) and no copy of Part I (January – June …
… my interest. And as I did so, my eyes fell on a 10 June 1868 Darwin letter to Huxley in which …

5935_4582

Summary

From J. D. Hooker 26[–7] February 1868KewFeby 26th/68Dear Darwin I have been bursting with impatience to hear what you would say of the Athenæum Review & who wrote it— I could not conceive who…

Matches: 4 hits

… From J. D. Hooker 26[–7] February 1868 Kew Feby 26 th /68 Dear Darwin …
… to Richard Owen (see letter to J. D. Hooker, 23 February [1868]); the review was by John Robertson ( …
… 1867) was reviewed in the Athenæum , 8 February 1868, pp. 217–18. f3 CD had discussed …
… CD’s reply. See letter to J. D. Hooker, 28 February [1868] and nn. 8–10. …

5873_1488

Summary

From B. J. Sulivan 13 February [1868]f1 Bournemouth Feby. 13. My dear Darwin As Mr Stirling has sent me the recpt. you may as well have it with the Photo of the four Fuegian boys which he wishes me to send you in case you have not seen it. He…

Matches: 1 hits

… From B. J. Sulivan 13 February [1868] f1 Bournemouth Feby. 13. My dear …

Diagrams and drawings in letters

Summary

Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…

Matches: 1 hits

… of the fish and hence of all higher vertebrates, 23 March 1868 Roland Trimen on the …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 10 hits

… Letter 5817 - Darwin to Huxley, T. H., [30 January 1868] Darwin asks Thomas Huxley to …
… 6453 - Langton, E. to Wedgwood, S. E., [9 November 1868] Darwin’s nephew, Edmund, …
… - Langton, E. & C. to Wedgwood S. E., [after 9 November 1868] Darwin’s nephews, Edmund …
… Letter 6139 - Doubleday, H. to Darwin, [22 April 1868] Doubleday responds to Darwin’s …
… Letter 6046 - Weir, J. J. to Darwin, [24 March 1868] John Weir describes experiments …
… Letter 6083 - Casparay, J. X. R. to Darwin, [2 April 1868] Casparay details his …
… Letter 6139 - Doubleday, H. to Darwin, [22 April 1868] Naturalist Henry Doubleday …
… Letter 6046 - Weir, J. J. to Darwin, [24 March 1868] John Weir describes experiments …
… Letter 6066 - Weir, H. W. to Darwin, [28 March 1868] Harrison Weir passes on …
… Letter 6081 - Darwin to Bowman, W., [2 April 1868] Darwin requests surgeon and …

Descent

Summary

There are more than five hundred letters associated with the research and writing of Darwin’s book, Descent of man and selection in relation to sex (Descent). They trace not only the tortuous route to eventual publication, but the development of Darwin’s…

Matches: 6 hits

… in two volumes in 1871, yet as late as the summer of 1868 Darwin thought it would be only a ‘ short …
… writing it up as a separate publication in early February 1868 , wading through a ‘ mass of …
… Variation was finally off his hands at the beginning of 1868, the volume of his correspondence …
… are more than 260 surviving letters from February and March 1868 alone, two or three times the usual …
… the details of the experiment were discussed in March 1868 , it seems the original suggestion of …
… & sexual selection’ Darwin wrote to Wallace in September 1868, but although he had ‘ oscillated …

Inheritance

Summary

It was crucial to Darwin’s theories of species change that naturally occurring variations could be inherited. But at the time when he wrote Origin, he had no explanation for how inheritance worked – it was just obvious that it did. Darwin’s attempt to…

Matches: 3 hits

… 'provisional hypothesis of Pangenesis’, was published in 1868 in his book, Variation of …
… some other name. ( to J. D. Hooker, 23 February '1868] ) And took …
… hardly possible. ( from A. R. Wallace, 24 February 1868 ) Darwin’s …

William Winwood Reade

Summary

On 19 May 1868, an African explorer and unsuccessful novelist, William Winwoode Reade (1838–1875) offered to help Darwin, and started a correspondence and, arguably, a collaboration, that would last until Reade's death. After a first 1861 tour of…

Matches: 2 hits

… On 19 May 1868 , an African explorer and unsuccessful novelist, William Winwoode Reade …
… Nonetheless, Reade contacted Charles Darwin in 1868 to offer his services: his second expedition to …

Darwin in letters, 1869: Forward on all fronts

Summary

At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of Origin. He may have resented the interruption to his work on sexual selection and human evolution, but he spent forty-six days on the task. Much of the…

Matches: 4 hits

… vol. 16, letter to W. D. Fox, 12 December [1868] ). He may have resented the interruption to his …
… on the German translation of Variation (Carus trans. 1868). The French translation proved …
… the French edition of Variation (Moulinié trans. 1868), and CD now extended his permission for …
… Scientific Opinion , launched towards the end of 1868, was one of several periodicals begun in …

Darwin and the Church

Summary

The story of Charles Darwin’s involvement with the church is one that is told far too rarely. It shows another side of the man who is more often remembered for his personal struggles with faith, or for his role in large-scale controversies over the…

Matches: 4 hits

… a cow and a red deer (letter from J. B. Innes, 7 December 1868 ). Innes had a tendency to tease …
… he left behind (letter from S. J. O’H. Horsman, 2 June [1868] ). Among the reasons justifying his …
… the church’s organ fund (letter to J. B. Innes, 15 June [1868] ). So embroiled in this process …
… the Down parish church (letter to J. B. Innes, 1 December 1868 ). Darwin wrote of the next …

Darwin's life in letters

Summary

For all his working life, Darwin used letters as a way both of discussing ideas and gathering the ‘great quantities of facts’ that he used in developing and supporting his theories. They form a fascinating collection from many hundreds of correspondents,…

Matches: 1 hits

… letters. ( Darwin to John Jenner Weir, [6 March 1868] ) For all his working life …

Women as a scientific audience

Summary

Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…

Matches: 7 hits

… Letter 5861 - Blyth, E. to Darwin, [11 February 1868] Zoologist Edward Blyth sends …
… Letter 5928 - Gray, A. to Darwin, [25 February 1868] American naturalist Asa Gray …
… Letter 6040 - Haeckel, E. P. A. to Darwin, [23 March 1868] Haeckel informs Darwin …
… Letter 6110 - Samuelson, J. to Darwin, [10 April 1868] James Samuel, editor of …
… Letter 6126 - Binstead, C. H. to Darwin, [17 April 1868] Charles Binstead, “an …
… Letter 6237 - Bullar, R. to Darwin, [9 June 1868] Rosa Bullar reports a case of a …
… Letter 6335 - Innes, J. B. to Darwin, [31 August 1868] John Innes reports that he has …

Have you read the one about....

Summary

... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some serious - but all letters you can read here.

Matches: 1 hits

… ... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some …

Religion

Summary

Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…

Matches: 6 hits

… Letter 6167 — Darwin, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 8 May [1868] Darwin writes to Gray about his review …
… 6223 — Horsman, S. J. H. to Darwin, C. R., 2 June [1868] Horsman attempts to convince Darwin …
… Letter 6241 — Innes, J. B. to Darwin, C. R., 13 June 1868 J. B. Innes, vicar of Down writes …
… Letter 6486 — Darwin, C. R. to Innes, J. B., 1 Dec 1868 Darwin writes to J. B. Innes, vicar …
… Letter 6492 — Innes, J. B. to Darwin, C. R., 4 Dec 1868 J. B. Innes, vicar of Down provides …
… Letter 6501 — Innes, J. B. to Darwin, C. R., 12 Dec 1868 J. B. Innes, vicar of Down is …

Species and varieties

Summary

On the origin of species by means of natural selection …so begins the title of Darwin’s most famous book, and the reader would rightly assume that such a thing as ‘species’ must therefore exist and be subject to description. But the title continues, …or…

Matches: 4 hits

… selection ( Origin 4th ed., pp. 323–6). However, by 1868, in The variation of animals and …
… discussion of the issue with Alfred Wallace in the spring of 1868. Wallace had sent a concise …
… natural selection ( letter from A. R. Wallace, 1 March 1868 ). Darwin turned to his son George, a …
… as insoluble’ ( letter from A. R. Wallace, 8 [April] 1868 ). Ultimately, Darwin’s view was …

Controversy

Summary

The best-known controversies over Darwinian theory took place in public or in printed reviews. Many of these were highly polemical, presenting an over-simplified picture of the disputes. Letters, however, show that the responses to Darwin were extremely…

Matches: 6 hits

… Letter 6024 — Wallace, A. R. to Darwin, C. R., 19 Mar 1868 Wallace writes to Darwin with a …
… Letter 6033 — Darwin, C. R. to Wallace, A. R., [21 Mar 1868] Darwin lets Wallace know he has …
… Letter 6045 — Wallace, A. R. to Darwin, C. R., 24 Mar [1868] Wallace returns George Darwin’s …
… Letter 6058 — Darwin, C. R. to Wallace, A. R., 27 Mar [1868] Darwin writes to Wallace saying …
… Letter 6095 — Darwin, C. R. to Wallace, A. R., 6 Apr [1868] Darwin writes to Wallace on the …
… Letter 6104 — Wallace, A. R. to Darwin, C. R., 8 [Apr] 1868 Wallace says if Darwin is not …

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1859	(1)
1863	(1)
1865	(3)
1866	(3)
1867	(4)
1868	(14)
1869	(4)
1870	(2)
1871	(2)
1872	(2)
1876	(1)
1877	(1)
1880	(1)
1881	(1)

	Asa Gray	(1)
	CCD intro	(17)
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	Featured	(14)
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	Correspondents	(8)
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	heredity	(1)
	human evolution	(2)
	ice ages	(1)
	Nägeli	(1)
	Origin	(4)
	Natural selections: a longer read	(2)
	Religion	(3)
	Darwin's controversies	(4)
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