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From Roland Trimen   26 March 1868

Summary

Coloration in moths.

Quotes Achille Guénée on relative proportion of sexes in Phalaenites.

Author:  Roland Trimen
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  26 Mar 1868
Classmark:  DAR 81: 76, DAR 85: B61–2, DAR 84.1: 134–5
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6055

Matches: 13 hits

  • … reference is to Achille Guenée and Guenée 1857 , 10: pl.  21, fig.  4, which shows both …
  • … him about moths referred to in Guenée 1857 . Trimen had probably visited CD on 25 March  …
  • … Encyclopédique de Roret. Guenée, Achille. 1857. Uranides et Phalénites. Vols. 9 and 10 of …
  • … that are still more distinctive’ ( Guenée 1857 , 9: 187). In his addenda to the volume, …
  • … distinctive than that of the female ( Guenée 1857 , 10: 540). Geometrae was the name of a …
  • … subfamily Oenochrominae. For more on the group ‘Phalénites’, see Guenée 1857 , 9: v–viii. …
  • … See Guenée 1857 , 9: 190 and 10: pl.  14, fig.   …
  • … 2. See Guenée 1857 , 9: 101 and 10: pl 3, figs.  3 and 4. Hyperythra limbolaria is a …
  • … number, but never a single male ’ ( Guenée 1857 , 9: 101). ‘These differences are all the …
  • … four or five females to every male are found in these regions’ ( Guenée 1857 , 9: 100). …
  • … probably meant Selenia illunaria ( Guenée 1857 , 9: 152), now S.  dentaria , the early …
  • … 1979 , p.  188). Fidonia piniaria ( Guenée 1857 , 10: 156–7) is now Bupalus piniaria , the …
  • … its wings up as butterflies do’ ( Guenée 1857 , 10: 152). Trimen refers to Cape of Good …

From C. O. Waterhouse    19 February 1868

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Summary

Coloration of blind beetles.

Sizes of sexes in Taphroderes.

Author:  Charles Owen Waterhouse
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  19 Feb 1868
Classmark:  DAR 82: A76–7
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5897

Matches: 4 hits

  • … On Leptomastax and Langelandia , see Murray 1857 , p.  130. Brentus is in the family …
  • … vols. London: John Murray. 1871. Murray, Andrew. 1857. On insect-vision and blind insects. …
  • … Edinb. New Philosoph. Journal.  ser.  2. 1857. T.  6.  p.  120 &c.  fig. ) This paper …
  • … in a paper by Andrew Murray ( Murray 1857 ). CD had evidently asked for more information …

From Friedrich Rolle   28 May 1868

Summary

Questions CD’s view in Variation that Torfschwein formerly ranged from Europe to China.

Cites numerous German publications relating to CD’s theory.

Author:  Friedrich Rolle
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  28 May 1868
Classmark:  DAR 176: 204
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6213

Matches: 8 hits

  • … Bibliography Blasius, Johann Heinrich. 1857. Naturgeschichte der Säugethiere Deutschlands …
  • … der Pflanzen. [Read 9 March 1854, 9 July 1857, 14 January 1858, 18 July 1861. ] …
  • … Classe 12 (1854): 367–96; 25 (1857): 441–70; 28 (1858): 111–34; 43,2 (1861): 497–530. …
  • … Fauna der Wirbelthiere Deutschlands 1857. Theil I.  Saügethiere) sehr reiches Material …
  • … K.  Akademie (naturwiss.  mathemat. Klasse) 1857–1859 (und vielleicht noch spaeter. der 1 …
  • … to Johann Heinrich Blasius and to Blasius 1857 . ‘Anatomischen Verhaltens’ (anatomical …
  • … Blasius (Fauna der Wirbelthiere Deutschlands 1857. Part I.  Mammals) has an abundance of …
  • … Akademie (scientific-mathematical class) 1857–1859 (and perhaps even later). The 1st part …

From Ferdinand von Hochstetter   26 March 1868

Summary

Thanks CD for advice received before his Novara voyage. Sends volumes [Reise der österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde … Geologischer Theil, ed. FCvH, 2 vols. in 3 (1864–6)].

Author:  Ferdinand von Hochstetter
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  26 Mar 1868
Classmark:  DAR 166: 223
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6057

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Befehlen des …
  • … been found, but CD was in London from 4 to 7 March 1857 ( Correspondence vol.  6, Appendix …
  • … II). The Novara expedition (1857–9) was the first Austrian scientific expedition to …
  • … 6, letter to Charles Lyell, 11 February [1857] and nn.  1 and 7. The geological part of …

From M. T. Masters   4 April 1868

Summary

MTM did not write Gardeners’ Chronicle review of Variation [(1868): 184].

Encloses letters supporting a project [Botanical Congress?] to promote horticulture, and hopes CD will reconsider giving his support.

Author:  Maxwell Tylden Masters
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  4 Apr 1868
Classmark:  DAR 171: 76
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6092

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Bibliography Buckle, Henry Thomas. 1857–61. History of civilization in England. 2 vols. …
  • … approach to history in his History of civilization in England ( Buckle 1857–61 ). …
  • … CD had read and admired Buckle 1857–61 (see Correspondence vol.  10, letter to J.  D.   …

To T. H. Farrer   15 September [1868]

Summary

Comments on THF’s MS [on fertilisation of scarlet runners]. Suggests publication, though CD anticipated main features ten years before. Is amused at the caution with which THF put his case that the final end [of the contrivances] was crossing distinct individuals.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Farrer, 1st baronet and 1st Baron Farrer
Date:  15 Sept [1868]
Classmark:  Linnean Society of London (LS Ms 299/4)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6365

Matches: 4 hits

  • … CD observed bees and papilionaceous flowers in 1857 and 1858, including the flower of the …
  • … in the Gardeners’ Chronicle , 24 October 1857 and 14 November 1858 (see Correspondence …
  • … letter to Gardeners’ Chronicle , 18 October [1857], and Correspondence vol.  6, letter to …
  • … to Gardeners’ Chronicle , 18 October [1857]). See also CD’s observations of bees boring …

From John Lubbock   12 February [1868]

Summary

Discusses [Fritz?] Müller’s confusion about ova and pseudova; JL’s Daphnia paper [Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 147 (1857): 79–100; see 1979] first demonstrated their structural identity.

Points out a misleading statement in Variation.

Author:  John Lubbock, 4th baronet and 1st Baron Avebury
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Feb [1868]
Classmark:  DAR 170: 62
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5868

Matches: 2 hits

  • … paper [ Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 147 (1857): 79–100; see 1979 ] first demonstrated …
  • … so-called ‘ephippial’ eggs (see Lubbock 1857  and 1858, and Correspondence vol.  6). CD …

To George Bentham   22 April 1868

Summary

Is not surprised that GB cannot digest Pangenesis, but it has been an immense relief to CD in tying together large classes of facts.

Sends names of men writing on crossing of plants. Criticises some French observations. Praises Hildebrand and Federico Delpino.

Sends pamphlets.

CD is experimenting on a large scale on difference in plants raised from self-fertilised and crossed seeds.

F. Hildebrand has produced a graft-hybrid which seems to lend important support to Pangenesis.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Bentham
Date:  22 Apr 1868
Classmark:  Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Bentham Correspondence, Vol. 3, Daintree–Dyer, 1830–1884, GEB/1/3: ff. 703–4)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6138

Matches: 3 hits

  • … fertilised (see Correspondence vol.  6, letter from Asa Gray, 7  July 1857 , and letter to …
  • … Asa Gray, 29 November [1857] ). CD’ …
  • … s botanical notes on Fumariaceae, dated from 1857 to 1863, are in DAR 76: B13–21. CD also …

From Charles Owen Waterhouse   12 February 1868

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Summary

On blind beetles [see Descent 1: 367].

Development of mandibles in Brentus.

Author:  Charles Owen Waterhouse
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Feb 1868
Classmark:  DAR 82: A74–5
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5870

Matches: 2 hits

  • … 14 vols. Paris: F. Dufart. Murray, Andrew. 1857. On insect-vision and blind insects. …
  • … vision and blind insects’ ( A.  Murray 1857 ). Geodephaga was a group of predaceous land …

To Fritz Müller   16 March [1868]

Summary

CD arranging for a translation of FM’s Für Darwin by W. S. Dallas.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  16 Mar [1868]
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 22)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6014

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Vols. 7,8] Siebold, Karl Theodor Ernst von. 1857. On a true parthenogenesis in moths and …
  • … by William Sweetland Dallas ( Siebold 1857 ). Dallas also frequently translated articles …

To W. S. Dallas   11 November [1868]

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Summary

A letter strongly recommending him for the post of Assistant Secretary of the Geological Society.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Sweetland Dallas
Date:  11 Nov [1868]
Classmark:  Geological Society of London (LDGSL 286/8); DAR 96: 51
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6457

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Bibliography Siebold, Karl Theodor Ernst von. 1857. On a true parthenogenesis in moths and …
  • … true parthenogenesis in moths and bees ( Siebold 1857 ). Dallas had edited the Arachnida, …

From Ernst Haeckel   22 June 1868

Summary

Thanks CD for article by G. H. Lewes ["Mr Darwin’s hypotheses, pt 1", Fortn. Rev. n.s. 3 (1868): 353–73]. Comments on article.

Describes hybridisation experiment carried out on rabbits and hares by Dr Conrad.

Encloses description of Monera

and a phylogenetic table of vertebrates.

Mentions work on Medusae.

The controversy over CD in Germany.

Author:  Ernst Philipp August (Ernst) Haeckel
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  22 June 1868
Classmark:  DAR 166: 48
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6255

Matches: 3 hits

  • … London: David Nutt. Lewes, George Henry. 1857. Goethe’s Leben und Schriften. Translated by …
  • … Johann Wolfgang von Goethe ; Lewes 1855 ), which was translated into German in 1857 ( …
  • … Lewes 1857 ). Lewes proposed an innate disposition towards either monistic or dualistic …

From William Farr   27 February 1868

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Summary

Encloses table showing proportion of sexes in Rutland.

Author:  William Farr
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  27 Feb 1868
Classmark:  DAR 164: 30, DAR 85: B116
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5947

Matches: 2 hits

  • … born in the County of Rutland in each of the 10 Years 1857–1866. Children born Males …
  • … Years Males Females every 100 Females born 1857 398 348 114.4 1858 372 377 98.7 1859 385 …

To Edward Hewitt   [c. 22 March 1868]

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Summary

Asks for facts relating to courtship of birds and especially cases of females preferring particular males.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Edward Hewitt
Date:  [c. 22 Mar 1868]
Classmark:  DAR 96: 41
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5963

Matches: 2 hits

  • … fowls (see Correspondence vol.  6, letters from Edward Hewitt , 18 December 1857  and …
  • … 22 December 1857 ). See letter to J.  J.  Weir, 22 March [1868] , n.  4. CD refers to …

From G. R. Crotch   [after 5 October 1868]

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Summary

Note identifying insects and remarking on stridulation.

Author:  George Robert Crotch
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [after 5 Oct 1868]
Classmark:  DAR 81: 173
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6529

Matches: 2 hits

  • … John Murray. 1871. Jacquelin Du Val, Camille. 1857–68. Manuel entomologique; genera des …
  • … des coléoptères d’Europe , see Jacquelin Du Val 1857–68 , 3: 271. In Coleopterum catalogus …

To Hermann Müller   23 February [1868]

Summary

Offers to undertake publication of English translation of Fritz Müller’s Für Darwin. W. S. Dallas will translate it.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Heinrich Ludwig Hermann (Hermann) Müller
Date:  23 Feb [1868]
Classmark:  DAR 146: 430
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5919

Matches: 2 hits

  • … parthenogenesis in moths and bees ( Siebold 1857 ). CD refers to John Murray . F.  Müller …
  • … Vols. 7,8] Siebold, Karl Theodor Ernst von. 1857. On a true parthenogenesis in moths and …

From Robert Russell   27 February 1868

Summary

A reply to CD’s inquiry in Gardeners’ Chronicle [Collected papers 2: 135]. The proportion of females to males in lambs of highland black-faced sheep.

Sends paper on conditions that favour predominance of plants.

Author:  Robert Russell
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  27 Feb 1868
Classmark:  DAR 85: B21; DAR 86: C16
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5945

Matches: 2 hits

  • … the climate of North America ( R.  Russell 1857 ; for the discussion of trees, see pp.   …
  • … University Press. 1867–1925. Russell, Robert. 1857. North America: its agriculture and …

From Fritz Müller   9 September 1868

Summary

Will repeat CD’s experiments on dimorphic and trimorphic plants.

Auditory organs of Orthoptera; stridulation in lamellicorn beetles.

Author:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  9 Sept 1868
Classmark:  DAR 82: A92, Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: 146–7.
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6359

Matches: 3 hits

  • … London: Henry Colburn. 1839. Leydig, Franz. 1857. Lehrbuch der Histologie des Menschen und …
  • … details in his “Lehrbuch der Histologie.  1857 pg.  281. ”— I see in Gerstæcker’s text- …
  • … refers to Franz von Leydig and to Leydig 1857 , pp.  281–3. In his letter of 2 February  …

To David Forbes   [20 March 1868]

Summary

Any notes on idea of human beauty by natives who have little association with Europeans would interest CD.

Also influence of females on males’ choice.

Sends copy of Queries about expression.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  David Forbes
Date:  [20 Mar 1868]
Classmark:  Pushkin House, St Petersburg: Literary Museum of the Institute of Russian Literature (Constantin Romanov, collection of O. A. Novikov: ПД 1975 ф.137 оп 1, no. 35)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6002

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Europe, Africa, and South America. From  1857 to 1860, while in Bolivia and Peru, he made …

From Sam Sanday to W. B. Tegetmeier   29 October 1868

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Summary

Information on proportion of sexes born in sheep.

Author:  Samuel (Sam) Sanday
Addressee:  William Bernhard Tegetmeier
Date:  29 Oct 1868
Classmark:  DAR 85: B22–23
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6441

Matches: 1 hit

  • … 102. —105 1855 — 71. —84 1856 — 70 —73 1857 — 79. —105 1858 — 90. —88 1859 — 73 —92 1860 — …
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Six things Darwin never said – and one he did

Summary

Spot the fakes! Darwin is often quoted – and as often misquoted. Here are some sayings regularly attributed to Darwin that never flowed from his pen.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Spot the fakes! Darwin is often quoted – and as often misquoted. Here are some sayings regularly …

Darwin in letters, 1856-1857: the 'Big Book'

Summary

In May 1856, Darwin began writing up his 'species sketch’ in earnest. During this period, his working life was completely dominated by the preparation of his 'Big Book', which was to be called Natural selection. Using letters are the main…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … of information about his preoccupations during 1856 and 1857. They reveal little noticed aspects of …
  • … as ever I can.’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 8 February [1857] ). Darwin also attempted to test …
  • … the alpine plants pretty effectually’ complained Darwin in 1857 ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [2 May …
  • … of calculation was wrong ( letter to John Lubbock, 14 July [1857] ). Darwin thought his results …
  • … experiments on plants through the summers of 1856 and 1857, particularly with garden vegetables like …
  • … Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette  in October 1857, to be followed by a second notice in 1858. …
  • … find the work: am I not a kind Father?’ Darwin wrote in 1857, soon followed by the complaint ‘You …
  • … to end!’ (letters to W. E. Darwin, [17 February 1857] and 21 [July 1857] ). The problem of …
  • … of his manuscript ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 1 May 1857 ) seem innocuous and hardly the veiled …
  • … are all vividly displayed in Darwin's letters. By the end of 1857, Darwin was well on the way …
  • … long letter to Asa Gray ( letter to Asa Gray, 5 September [1857] ). From this letter it is evident …

Darwin and Down

Summary

Charles and Emma Darwin, with their first two children, settled at Down House in the village of Down (later ‘Downe’) in Kent, as a young family in 1842.   The house came with eighteen acres of land, and a fifteen acre meadow.  The village combined the…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … was in Darwin’s day.  To J. D. Hooker,  3 June [1857] :  on the struggle for existence in …

Language: key letters

Summary

How and why language evolved bears on larger questions about the evolution of the human species, and the relationship between man and animals. Darwin presented his views on the development of human speech from animal sounds in The Descent of Man (1871),…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … 2070: Wedgwood, Hensleigh to Darwin, C. R., [before 29 Sept 1857] Darwin’s brother-in-law, …

Abstract of Darwin’s theory

Summary

There are two extant versions of the abstract of Darwin’s theory of natural selection. One was sent to Asa Gray on 5 September 1857, enclosed with a letter of the same date (see Correspondence vol. 6, letter to Asa Gray, 5 September [1857] and enclosure).…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … natural selection. One was sent to Asa Gray on 5 September 1857, enclosed with a letter of the same …
  • … to Prof. Asa Gray, Boston, U.S., dated Down, September 5th, 1857.” (Darwin and Wallace 1858, p. 50). …
  • … was sent to A. Gray 8 or 9 months ago, I think October 1857 [‘or perhaps’  del ]’. The printed …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 4 hits

  • … the Origin of Species…’ FOUNDATIONS OF FAITH: 1857-1858 In which Gray and Hooker …
  • … JUNE 1855 20  C DARWIN TO A GRAY, 1 JANUARY 1857 21  A GRAY TO C DARWIN, …
  • … MARCH 1862 35  C DARWIN TO A GRAY, 1 JANUARY 1857 36  A GRAY TO C DARWIN …
  • … OCTOBER 1858 59 A GRAY TO JD HOOKER, 12 OCTOBER 1857 60 A GRAY TO JD HOOKER, …

The "wicked book": Origin at 157

Summary

Origin is 157 years old.  (Probably) the most famous book in science was published on 24 November 1859.  To celebrate we have uploaded hundreds of new images of letters, bringing the total number you can look at here to over 9000 representing more than…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … ’s appearance, but there is a fascinating scrap from 1857 comparing his views on species to …

Darwin’s study of the Cirripedia

Summary

Darwin’s work on barnacles, conducted between 1846 and 1854, has long posed problems for historians. Coming between his transmutation notebooks and the Origin of species, it has frequently been interpreted as a digression from Darwin’s species work. Yet…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … a high compliment when he touched upon this matter in his 1857 lecture on cirripedes. In his praise …
  • … and not an anatomist ex professo .’ (T. H. Huxley 1857, p. 238 n.).    While Darwin’s …
  • … nos. 2118 and 2119, letter to T. H. Huxley, 5 July [1857] , and letter from T. H. Huxley, 7 …

What is an experiment?

Summary

Darwin is not usually regarded as an experimenter, but rather as an astute observer and a grand theorist. His early career seems to confirm this. He began with detailed note-taking, collecting and cataloguing on the Beagle, and edited a descriptive zoology…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … observation’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 22 December 1857 ). Much of his research and many …
  • … little experiments’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [21 March 1857] ; letter to J. S. Henslow, 27 June …

Natural Selection: the trouble with terminology Part I

Summary

Darwin encountered problems with the term ‘natural selection’ even before Origin appeared.  Everyone from the Harvard botanist Asa Gray to his own publisher came up with objections. Broadly these divided into concerns either that its meaning simply wasn’t…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … written in 1842 , and, as he told Asa Gray in September 1857 , he intended to call the ‘ big …

Dates of composition of Darwin's manuscript on species

Summary

Many of the dates of letters in 1856 and 1857 were based on or confirmed by reference to Darwin’s manuscript on species (DAR 8--15.1, inclusive; transcribed and published as Natural selection). This manuscript, begun in May 1856, was nearly completed by…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … Many of the dates of letters in 1856 and 1857 were based on or confirmed by reference to Darwin’s …
  • … 4 26 January 1857 Variation under nature (DAR 9; …
  • … 5 3 March 1857 The struggle for existence as bearing on …
  • … 6 31 March 1857 On natural selection (DAR 10.2; …
  • … 7 29 September 1857 Laws of variation: varieties & …
  • … 8 29 September 1857 Difficulties on the theory of …
  • … 9 29 December 1857 Hybridism (DAR 12; Natural …

The evolution of honeycomb

Summary

Honeycombs are natural engineering marvels, using the least possible amount of wax to provide the greatest amount of storage space, with the greatest possible structural stability. Darwin recognised that explaining the evolution of the honey-bee’s comb…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … of other cells. (Letter from G. R. Waterhouse, 14 April 1857 .) In a later letter …

Darwin's bad days

Summary

Despite being a prolific worker who had many successes with his scientific theorising and experimenting, even Darwin had some bad days. These times when nothing appeared to be going right are well illustrated by the following quotations from his letters:

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Despite being a prolific worker who had many successes with his scientific theorising and …

Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small

Summary

In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … the Rock’ ( letter to E. W. V. Harcourt, 13 December [1857] ). In May 1857, Darwin wrote to …
  • … class with Lyell’ ( letter to William Sharpey, 22 May [1857] ). There are a few letters …

Scientific Networks

Summary

Friendship|Mentors|Class|Gender In its broadest sense, a scientific network is a set of connections between people, places, and things that channel the communication of knowledge, and that substantially determine both its intellectual form and content,…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 2125 — Darwin, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 20 July [1857] Darwin writes a challenging letter …
  • … of the ephippium”, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 147 (1857): 79–100]. Darwin and Müller …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … 2055  - Langton, E. to Darwin,  F., [21 February 1857] Darwin’s nephew, Edmund, …
  • … Letter 2069  - Tenant, J. to Darwin, [31 March 1857] James Tenant, keeper of the …

Alfred Russel Wallace

Summary

Wallace was a leading Victorian naturalist, with wide-ranging interests from biogeography and evolutionary theory to spiritualism and politics. He was born in 1823 in Usk, a small town in south-east Wales, and attended a grammar school in Hertford. At the…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … and most famously, the problem of species change. In 1857, Darwin and Wallace exchanged …
  • … observations and theoretical abilities. In a letter of 1 May 1857, he alluded to his own unfinished …
  • … Science … may all your theories succeed” (22 December 1857). It may have been this shared interest …

Before Origin: the ‘big book’

Summary

Darwin began ‘sorting notes for Species Theory’ on 9 September 1854, the very day he concluded his eight-year study of barnacles (Darwin's Journal). He had long considered the question of species. In 1842, he outlined a theory of transmutation in a…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … ago’, he wrote to the American botanist Asa Gray in July 1857, it occurred to me that …
  • … staggered about the permanence of species.— By 1857, Darwin had found the confidence to …
  • … And this much acceleration I owe to you. ’ In February 1857, the rate of this acceleration was …
  • … the way facts fall into groups ’, he told Fox in February 1857. Trials of strength …
  • … in theory of the descent of species ’. In December 1857, Darwin had expressed his satisfaction that …
  • … there is no good & original observation ’. In 1857, Darwin recorded in his journal that …
  • … varieties differ from each other’, he told Wallace in May 1857, before stating ‘ I am now preparing …

The writing of "Origin"

Summary

From a quiet rural existence at Down in Kent, filled with steady work on his ‘big book’ on the transmutation of species, Darwin was jolted into action in 1858 by the arrival of an unexpected letter (no longer extant) from Alfred Russel Wallace outlining a…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … completed his ninth chapter, on hybridism, on 29 December 1857, Darwin began in January 1858 to …
  • … on variation under nature. Having learned in the summer of 1857 that his method for deriving …
  • … with an abstract of his views sent to Asa Gray in September 1857. The correspondence between Darwin, …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 21 hits

  • … 112 Jukes. “Students Manual of Geology” [Jukes 1857]— published a few years ago, good on …
  • … Lucas l’Heredite Naturelle [Lucas 1847–50] 1857 Nov. 15. Andersson Lake Gnami …
  • … Thackeray English Humourists [Thackeray 1853] 1857 Jan. Cockburn life of Selby [ …
  • … 1856]: H. Coverdale [Smedley [1854–6]: Quits [Tautphoeus] 1857] 29 Lutfullah. Life of …
  • … Marsh] 1858] Buckle History of Civilisation [Buckle 1857] Feb. 28 Sir J. Mackintosh …
  • … Oct. 22. Olmstead Journey through Texas [Olmsted 1857] Dec. Motley’s History of Dutch …
  • … 1853]— Aug.— Sherard Osborne’s Quedah [Osborn 1857] d[itt]o d[itt]o Arctic Journal …
  • … Harris 1842] Jukes Student Manual of Geology [Jukes 1857] Azara’s Quadrupeds [Azara …
  • … *119: 18v.; 119: 8a, 21a Buckle, Henry Thomas. 1857.  History of civilization in   …
  • … 21v., 22; 119: 19a Gaskell, Elizabeth Cleghorn. 1857.  The life of Charlotte   Brontë . …
  • … [Abstract in DAR 205.3: 138.]  119: 20a ——. 1857.  The student’s manual of geology. …
  • … [Other eds.]  *119: 15v. Livingstone, David. 1857.  Missionary travels and   researches …
  • … 3 vols. Vivay. [Other eds.]  *119: 22 Lutfullah. 1857.  Autobiography of Lutfullah: a …
  • … *119: 23; 128: 5 Napier, William Francis Patrick. 1857.  The life and opinions of General …
  • … of   Elgin’s mission to China and Japan in the years 1857, 1858,   1859 . 2 vols. Edinburgh and …
  • … on their economy . New York.  128: 25 ——. 1857.  A journey through Texas; or, a winter …
  • …  an Arctic journal\. London.  128: 25 ——. 1857.  Quedah; or, stray leaves from a journal …
  • … Rouvroy, Louis de, Duke de Saint-Simon Vermandois. 1857.  The memoirs of the Duke of Saint Simon on …
  • … [Other eds.]  *119: 1v.; 119: 12a Smiles, Samuel. 1857.  The life of George Stephenson, …
  • …  New York.  *128: 178 [Tautphoeus, Jemima von]. 1857.  Quits; a novel . 3 vols. London.  …
  • … . Edited by J. C. Morris. Madras. 1833–51. Second series, 1857–. [Abstract in DAR 74: 177.]  *119: …
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