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List of correspondents
Summary
Below is a list of Darwin's correspondents with the number of letters for each one. Click on a name to see the letters Darwin exchanged with that correspondent. "A child of God" (1) Abberley,…
Darwin in letters,1870: Human evolution
Summary
The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the year at work on the Descent of Man & Selection in relation to Sex’. Descent was the culmination of over three decades of observations and reflections on…
Matches: 23 hits
- … The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the …
- … in relation to Sex’. Always precise in his accounting, Darwin reckoned that he had started writing …
- … gathered on each of these topics was far more extensive than Darwin had anticipated. As a result, …
- … and St George Jackson Mivart, and heated debates sparked by Darwin’s proposed election to the French …
- … a horrid grinding machine’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 25 December [1870] ). Finishing …
- … ( letter to Albert Günther, 13 January [1870] ). Darwin was still working hard on parts of the …
- … style, the more grateful I shall be’ ( letter to H. E. Darwin, [8 February 1870] ). She had …
- … at the moral sense of mankind’ ( letter to F. P. Cobbe, 23 March [1870?] ). Cobbe accused Darwin …
- … form one great philosophy?’ ( letter from F. P. Cobbe, 28 March [1870?] ). Humans as …
- … 1870, Darwin made a note on the shape of human ears: ‘W. has seen the tips in women & men. When …
- … ( Correspondence vol. 16, letter to J. D. Hooker, 26 November [1868] ; this volume, letter …
- … its frequency and variability in humans ( Descent 1: 22-3). Humans as animals: facial …
- … four lengthy letters from the explorer William Winwood Reade, who had led an expedition to Africa in …
- … belief that all demons and spirits were white ( letter from W. W. Reade, 9 November 1870 ). …
- … who sent a sketch of a baby’s brows ( letter from L. C. Wedgwood, [5 May 1870] ). He also wrote to …
- … (in retrograde direction) naturalist’ (letter to A. R.Wallace, 26 January [1870]). …
- … though in one sense rivals’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 20 April [1870] ). Darwin alluded here to …
- … to criticise them? No one but yourself’ ( letter from H. W. Bates, 20 May 1870 ). Darwin very …
- … to say that I never write reviews’ ( letter to H. W. Bates, [22 May 1870] ). St George …
- … wasted if I once began to answer objectors’ ( letter to W. H. Flower, 25 March [1870] ). In his …
- … go on to the last of my uncomfortable days’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 18 February [1870] ). But he …
- … attending college lectures for the time being ( letter to [E.W. Blore], [October 1870 or later] ). …
- … evidence believe in bad motives in others’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 15 November [1870] ). Fox …
Science: A Man’s World?
Summary
Discussion Questions|Letters Darwin's correspondence show that many nineteenth-century women participated in the world of science, be it as experimenters, observers, editors, critics, producers, or consumers. Despite this, much of the…
Matches: 14 hits
- … Discussion Questions | Letters Darwin's correspondence show that many nineteenth …
- … and was not, appropriate for i) men and ii) women? 2. What sorts of characteristics and …
- … Letters Darwin’s Notes On Marriage [April - July 1838] In these notes, …
- … of family, home and sociability. Letter 489 - Darwin to Wedgwood, E., [20 January 1839] …
- … theories, & accumulating facts in silence & solitude”. Darwin also comments that he has …
- … sitting by”. Letter 3715 - Claparède, J. L. R. A. E. to Darwin, [6 September 1862] …
- … are not those of her sex”. Letter 4038 - Darwin to Lyell, C., [12-13 March 1863] …
- … critic”. Letter 4377 - Haeckel, E. P. A. to Darwin, [2 January 1864] Haeckel …
- … works”. Letter 4441 - Becker, L. E. to Darwin, [30 March 1864] Lydia Becker …
- … to study nature. Letter 4940 - Cresy, E. to Darwin, E., [20 November 1865] …
- … masculine nor pedantic”. Letter 6976 - Darwin to Blackwell, A. B., [8 November 1869] …
- … natural thinking”. Letter 8079 - Norton, S. R. to Darwin, [20 November 1871] …
- … not read the pamphlet herself. Letter 8335 - Reade, W. W. to Darwin, [16 May 1872] …
- … patience. Letter 13607 – Darwin to Kennard, C. A., [9 January 1882] Darwin …
Darwin’s queries on expression
Summary
When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…
Matches: 24 hits
- … When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect …
- … out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller, 22 February [1867] ). The list was printed …
- … was the collection of observations on a global scale. Darwin was especially interested in peoples …
- … cultural and conventional, or instinctive and universal. Darwin used his existing correspondence …
- … and with the mouth a little drawn back at the corners?” Darwin’s questionnaire was an extension of …
- … was also carefully devised so as to prevent the feelings of Darwin’s remote observers from colouring …
- … natives in Ceylon, wrote the botanist George Thwaites on 22 July 1868 , “all endeavour to drill …
- … nodding vertically Blair, R.H. 11 July …
- … Fuegians Brooke, C.A.J. 30 Nov 1870 …
- … Dyaks Brooke, C.A.J. 30 April 1871 …
- … Southampton, England letter to W.E. Darwin shrugging/pouting of …
- … Darwin, Francis 20 June 1867 Unknown? …
- … pouting Darwin, W.E. [after 29 March 1868] …
- … in blind students Darwin, W.E. [7? April …
- … blushing Darwin, W.E. [22? April 1868] …
- … Donders, F.C. 28 March 1871 Utrecht, Netherlands …
- … Donders, F.C. 27 May 1870 Utrecht, Netherlands …
- … Forbes, David 26 March 1868 Boulton, England (about …
- … 13 June 1870 Portman Square, London W., England (about Auracania, Peru) …
- … (about Puget’s Sound, Oregon,USA) N. W. Indians …
- … 32 Queen Anne St. Cavendish Square W, London, England Enclosed letter from Dr. …
- … astonishment Reade, Winwood W. 23 May 1868 …
- … Reade, Winwood W. [c.8 or 9 Apr 1870] Accra, West …
- … in Hottentots Smyth, R. Brough 13 Aug 1868 …
Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small
Summary
In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…
Matches: 23 hits
- … In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous …
- … for scientific colleagues or their widows facing hardship. Darwin had suffered from poor health …
- … of his scientific friends quickly organised a campaign for Darwin to have greater public recognition …
- … Botanical observation and experiment had long been Darwin’s greatest scientific pleasure. The year …
- … to Fritz Müller, 4 January 1882 ). These were topics that Darwin had been investigating for years, …
- … working at the effects of Carbonate of Ammonia on roots,’ Darwin wrote, ‘the chief result being that …
- … contents, if immersed for some hours in a weak solution of C. of Ammonia’. Darwin’s interest in root …
- … London on 6 and 16 March, respectively. In January, Darwin corresponded with George John …
- … Auguste François Marie Glaziou (see Correspondence vol. 28, letter from Arthur de Souza Corrêa …
- … Darwin’s theory of pangenesis (see Correspondence vol. 23 and Variation 2: 357–404), but …
- … of journals and newspapers (see Correspondence vol. 29, Appendix V). The conservative …
- … differently about evolution’ ( letter to John Murray, 21 January 1882 ). The author was in fact …
- … dragging leaves into their burrows ( Correspondence vol. 29, letter from J. F. Simpson, 8 …
- … our homes, would in this case greatly suffer’ ( letter to C. A. Kennard, 9 January 1882 ). Kennard …
- … judged, intellectually his inferior, please ( letter from C. A. Kennard, 28 January 1882 ). …
- … anything else. I am now 73 years old’ ( letter to A. A. Reade, 13 February 1882 ). Over the month …
- … and a ‘Glycerin Pepsin mixture’ (letters to W. W. Baxter, 11 March 1882 and 18 March [1882 ]) …
- … dull aching in the chest’ (Emma Darwin to G. H. Darwin, [ c . 28 March 1882] (DAR 210.3: 45)). …
- … overflowing in tenderness’ (letter from Emma Darwin to W. E. Darwin, 10 May 1882 (DAR 219.1: 150)). …
- … to some Estancia,’ wrote Hughes, ‘as the scenery &c. will amply repay your trouble’ ( letter …
- … where he had witnessed an earthquake in 1835 ( letter from R. E. Alison, [March–July 1835 ]). …
- … pains)… would be very interesting to me’ ( letter to E. W. V. Harcourt, 24 June [1856] ). In a …
- … will be months before I am able to work’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, [ c . 10 April 1864] ). To …
Darwin in letters, 1881: Old friends and new admirers
Summary
In May 1881, Darwin, one of the best-known celebrities in England if not the world, began writing about all the eminent men he had met. He embarked on this task, which formed an addition to his autobiography, because he had nothing else to do. He had…
Matches: 28 hits
- … In May 1881, Darwin, one of the best-known celebrities in England if not the world, began …
- … ‘more confined & easy subjects’. A month earlier, on 23 February , he had told his valued …
- … a very old man, who probably will not last much longer.’ Darwin’s biggest fear was not death, but …
- … sweetest place on this earth’. From the start of the year, Darwin had his demise on his mind. He …
- … provision for the dividing of his wealth after his death. Darwin’s gloominess was compounded by the …
- … Lord how he will hate you’, Darwin warned Romanes on 28 January . In the end, not only the …
- … efforts that secured it (see Correspondence vol. 28, Appendix VI). When Huxley heard on 8 …
- … January, the publishers decided to print ‘500 more, making 2000’ ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 4 …
- … particularly pleased Darwin because, he told Candolle on 24 January , ‘I have often been annoyed …
- … his German translator, liked the work, told Carus on 23 March that it would be ‘the last of any …
- … & very surprising the whole case is to me’ (letters to W. E. Darwin, 31 January [1881] and …
- … the sale of books being ‘a game of chance’ ( letter to R. F. Cooke, 12 April 1881 ). On 18 May …
- … suggestions of such plants, especially annuals ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 21 March [1881] ) …
- … he would feel ‘less sulky in a day or two’ ( letter to R. F. Cooke, 29 July 1881 ). The degree of …
- … falls at this late period of the season’ ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 30 July 1881 ). Darwin gave in …
- … with you’, a Swedish teacher told him ( letter from C. E. Södling, 14 October 1881 ), while H. M. …
- … little, to the general stock of knowledge’ ( letter to E. W. Bok, 10 May 1881 ). Josef Popper, an …
- … to possibilities for women, judging from her organization &c’. When Darwin replied the following …
- … ‘bread-winners’ ( Correspondence vol. 30, letter to C. A. Kennard, 9 January 1882 ). …
- … publication & to acknowledge any criticism’ ( letter to C. G. Semper, 19 July 1881 ). He …
- … of the nature & capabilities of the Fuegians’ ( letter to W. P. Snow, 22 November 1881 ). …
- … to bear the ‘wear & tear of controversy’ ( letter to G. R. Jesse, 23 April 1881 ). Later in …
- … everyone else’s judgment on the subject ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 12 July 1881 ). However, some …
- … ‘not absurd for one with no pretensions’ (l etter from W. E. Darwin, 13 January [1881 ]), Darwin …
- … do not be disappointed if the sale is small’ ( letter to R. F. Cooke, 5 October 1881 ). The …
- … proved ‘the greatness of their power’ ( letter from M. C. Stanley, 16 October 1881 ). Hooker …
- … Darwin’s originality and approach. The geologist Thomas Reade wrote on 6 November , ‘It seems …
- … men the true methods of investigation’ ( letter from C. V. Riley, 18 December 1881 ). …
Darwin in letters, 1871: An emptying nest
Summary
The year 1871 was an extremely busy and productive one for Darwin, with the publication in February of his long-awaited book on human evolution, Descent of man. The other main preoccupation of the year was the preparation of his manuscript on expression.…
Matches: 24 hits
- … The year 1871 was an extremely busy and productive one for Darwin, seeing the publication of his …
- … . He wrote to his indexer, William Sweetland Dallas, on 27 January , ‘Good God how glad I shall …
- … book out of my head’. But a large proportion of Darwin’s time for the rest of the year was devoted …
- … way, and the initial reception of the book in the press. Darwin fielded numerous letters from …
- … offered sharp criticism or even condemnation. Darwin had expected controversy. ‘I shall be …
- … taste. Correspondence with his readers and critics helped Darwin to clarify, and in some cases …
- … year was the preparation of his manuscript on expression. Darwin continued to investigate the …
- … also brought a significant milestone for the family, as Darwin’s eldest daughter Henrietta was …
- … and behaviour. Descent was published on 24 February, and all 2500 copies were sold in a …
- … wanting copies’, Darwin wrote to his son Francis on 28 February . Demand continued throughout the …
- … no doubt promotes the sale’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 26 March 1871 ). The profits for Darwin …
- … for the first two printings, Darwin wrote to Murray on 20 March 1871 , ‘It is quite a grand trade …
- … 1871 ). The African explorer and writer William Winwood Reade thought the publication of so bold a …
- … to be the truth, whether pleasant or not’ (letter from W. W. Reade, 21 February 1871). The geologist …
- … Oldham … They club together to buy them’ ( letter from W. B. Dawkins, 23 February 1871 ). Thomas …
- … and the heavy use of their arms and legs ( letter from C. L. Bernays, 25 February 1871 ). Samples …
- … to make it darker than the hair on his head ( letter from W. B. Tegetmeier, [before 25 April 1871] …
- … is a thing which I sh d feel very proud of, if anyone c d . say of me.’ After the publication …
- … was achieved through ‘the medium of opinion, positive law &c’, and transmitted by culture, not …
- … in the world except. laughing. crying grinning pouting &c. &c’, he wrote to Hooker on 21 …
- … so giddy I can hardly sit up, so no more’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 4 August [1871] ). On 23 …
- … annually on an acre of land at 16 tons (letter from L. C. Wedgwood, [20 November 1871] ). He also …
- … year, but he was sympathetic about the venture: ‘it w d be almost superhuman virtue to give it up …
- … ( letter to Asa Gray, 16 July [1871] , letter to S. R. S. Norton, 23 November [1871] ). …
Darwin in letters, 1872: Job done?
Summary
'My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, 'is so nearly closed. . . What little more I can do, shall be chiefly new work’, and the tenor of his correspondence throughout the year is one of wistful reminiscence, coupled with a keen eye…
Matches: 27 hits
- … ‘My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, ‘is so nearly closed. . . What little …
- … of On the origin of species , intended to be Darwin’s last, and of Expression of the …
- … books brought a strong if deceptive sense of a job now done: Darwin intended, he declared to Alfred …
- … on 'so difficult a subject, as evolution’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 27 July [1872] ). …
- … of books and papers, and the latter formed the subject of Darwin’s last book, The formation of …
- … worms , published in the year before his death. Despite Darwin’s declared intention to take up new …
- … begun many years before. In his private life also, Darwin was in a nostalgic frame of mind, …
- … set the final price at 7 s. 6 d. ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 12 February 1872 ). …
- … he wrote to the translator ( letter to J. J. Moulinié, 23 September 1872 ). He recapped the …
- … remained unpublished at the end of the year ( letter from C.-F. Reinwald, 23 November 1872 ). …
- … Whale & duck most beautiful’ ( letter from A. R. Wallace, 3 March 1872 ). I …
- … `chiefly perhaps because I do it badly’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 3 August [1872] ). …
- … it is dreadful doing nothing’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 22 October [1872] ). He was far from idle …
- … and outspoken supporter of Darwinism, William Winwood Reade, Darwin was revising his manuscript on …
- … by `that clever book’ ( letter to J. M. Herbert, 21 November 1872 ) and invited Butler to dinner …
- … from his ignorance, he feels no doubts’ ( letter to F. C. Donders, 17 June 1872 ). Right up to the …
- … I am half-killed myself’ ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 25 July 1872 ). A battle for the …
- … a week later ( enclosure to letter from John Lubbock to W. E. Gladstone, 20 June 1872 ). Darwin …
- … Charlton Bastian’s recent book on the origin of life (H. C. Bastian 1872; Wallace 1872d) left him …
- … & new views which are daily turning up’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 28 August [1872] ). …
- … Lord Sackville Cecil, to attend a séance ( letter from M. C. Stanley, 4 June 1872 ). There was …
- … you agreed to let them have it for love!!!’ ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 1 August 1872 ). It …
- … gift, although he doubted he would ever use it ( letter to C. L. Dodgson, 10 December 1872 ). …
- … try `with straight blunt knitting needle’ ( letter to L. C. Wedgwood, 5 January [1872] ) to …
- … use of the microscope led his head to `fail’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 29 October [1872] ) he had …
- … by hearing about Panagæus!’ Darwin wrote ( letter to W. D. Fox, 16 July [1872] ). I …
- … to which any scientific man can look’ ( letter to F. C. Donders, 29 April [1872] ). …
