From J. V. Carus 22 March 1877
Summary
A curious error – too late to change: in Cross and self-fertilisation CD has "cleistogenous" for "cleistogamous" flowers throughout.
Author: | Julius Victor Carus |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 22 Mar 1877 |
Classmark: | DAR 161: 108 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10909 |
To Nature 24 February [1877]
Summary
Darwin consents to his correspondence with Pieter Harting being published in Nature.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Nature |
Date: | 24 Feb [1877] |
Classmark: | 19th Century Shop (dealers) (July 2004) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-9872F |
From Francis Darwin to G. J. Romanes 7 June 1877
Summary
CD is going away and has asked FD to thank GJR for his amusing letter [of 6 June], which CD thinks should be published in Nature. CD thinks the guinea pig theory very probable.
CD thinks there may be something in the ‘veneration’ theory.
Author: | Francis Darwin |
Addressee: | George John Romanes |
Date: | 7 June 1877 |
Classmark: | Bodleian Libraries, Oxford (MS. Eng. d. 3823, fols. 154–5) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10989F |
Matches: 3 hits
- … in a letter to the editor of Nature published on 7 June 1877, pp. 100–1. Francis’s letter …
- … 1877 , and enclosure; Romanes did not publish his remarks in Nature . Francis published extracts from Fritz Müller ’s letter …
- … 1877 My dear Romanes, My father is going off tomorrow morning for a rest of a month & asks me to write to you— He thanks you for your letter which has amused him much (as it did me) he says you should publish it in Nature. From a letter …
To W. T. Thiselton-Dyer 31 August [1877]
Summary
Discusses plants to be sent to Kew.
Thanks for letter about Trifolium
and for R. I. Lynch’s observations on sleep of Erythrina.
Mentions letter from F. J. Cohn, dealing with discovery by Francis Darwin, that CD has had printed in Nature ["The contractile filaments of the teasel", Nature 16 (1877): 339; Collected papers 2: 205–7].
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | William Turner Thiselton-Dyer |
Date: | 31 Aug [1877] |
Classmark: | Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Darwin: Letters to Thiselton-Dyer, 1873–81: ff. 89–91) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11122 |
Matches: 3 hits
- … in F. Darwin 1877b (see letter to Nature , 15 August [1877] and nn. 2 and 3). Francis’s …
- … letter from F. J. Cohn, dealing with discovery by Francis Darwin, that CD has had printed in Nature ["The contractile filaments of the teasel", Nature 16 (1877): …
- … 1877, are in DAR 209.10: 66–9. CD had forwarded parts of two letters from Ferdinand Julius Cohn to Nature ; Cohn’s letters …
From William Saville-Kent 26 March 1877
Summary
Proposes to construct an aquarium on Jersey and wants to use CD’s name in support of the project.
Author: | William Saville-Kent |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 26 Mar 1877 |
Classmark: | DAR 202: 106 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10915 |
From F. J. Cohn [10?] August 1877
Summary
Accepts CD’s offer to publish his letter, confirming Francis Darwin’s observations [see Collected papers 2: 205–7].
H. Hoffmann’s observations on Amanita contractile filaments must be repeated.
Microscopic examination of secretory gland filaments in Dipsacus leafcups. FD’s pseudopod theory of Dipsacus.
Author: | Ferdinand Julius Cohn |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [10?] Aug 1877 |
Classmark: | DAR 161: 204 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11101 |
From G. J. Romanes 2 December 1877
Summary
Thanks for letter. Values CD’s opinion more than that of anybody else.
Perfectly astonished at reception CD got among popular audiences at GJR’s lectures.
Author: | George John Romanes |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 2 Dec 1877 |
Classmark: | E. D. Romanes 1896, p. 68 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11283 |
Matches: 5 hits
- … the soil, making them hard to eradicate. CD’s letter to Nature , 21 November [1877], was …
- … Nature , 22 November 1877, p. 64). Huxley told CD he had said only what was strictly accurate (see letter …
- … published in Nature , 29 November 1877, p. 78. It introduced the letter from Fritz Müller …
- … Nature , 27 December 1877, pp. 168–9. John Morley was the editor of the Fortnightly Review ; CD suggested Romanes’s lecture might be reprinted in that journal (see letter …
- … Nature , 29 November 1877, pp. 84–7, John Scott Burdon Sanderson’s paper ‘Remarks on the attributes of the germinal particles of Bacteria , in reply to Prof. Tyndall’, which had been read at the Royal Society of London on 22 November 1877, was printed in full. Burdon Sanderson was responding to remarks made by John Tyndall regarding experiments related to spontaneous generation (for more on Burdon Sanderson in the context of debates about spontaneous generation, see Strick 2000 , pp. 149–53). Romanes’s observations, ‘Fetichism in animals’, appeared not as a letter …
To G. J. Romanes 9 August [1877]
Summary
Comments on GJR’s papers in Nature [see 11103].
Mentions manuscript by Miss Lawless on fertilisation in plants.
Discusses work of Francis Darwin on Dipsacus
and his own experiments on Drosera.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | George John Romanes |
Date: | 9 Aug [1877] |
Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.518) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11096 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … plants , p. 366. Romanes’s letter, printed in Nature , 26 July 1877, p. 248, referred to …
- … that had appeared in Nature , 19 July 1877, p. 227. The letter was signed E. Lawless and …
- … Nature . For the work on bloom carried out by CD and Francis Darwin , see the letter to Fritz Müller, 14 May 1877 …
- … letter from G. J. Romanes, 11 August 1877 . An abstract of a lecture by Romanes, ‘Evolution of nerves and nervous systems’, delivered at the Royal Institution of Great Britain on 25 May 1877, was published in three parts in Nature , …
From Asa Gray 27 September 1877
Author: | Asa Gray |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 27 Sept 1877 |
Classmark: | DAR 165: 198 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11155 |
Matches: 2 hits
- … from F. J. Cohn, 5 August 1877 , and letter to Nature , 15 August [1877] and nn. 2–4). For …
- … 1877 and n. 5). After receiving a copy of Francis Darwin’s paper ‘On the protrusion of protoplasmic filaments from the glandular hairs on the leaves of the common teasel ( Dipsacus sylvestris )’ ( F. Darwin 1877b ), Ferdinand Julius Cohn had successfully repeated his observations. CD published extracts from Cohn’s letter in Nature ( letter …
From Fritz Müller 19 October 1877
Summary
Doubts that glands of calyx of cleistogamic Malpighiaceae serve as protection.
Some species of Solanum bear long- and short-styled flowers on same plant.
Changing colours of some flowers may show insects the proper moment for fertilisation.
Doubts that the style of Pontederia cordata changes length.
Sexual difference in wings of some butterflies due to development in male of scales that emit odours to excite female.
Author: | Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 19 Oct 1877 |
Classmark: | Möller ed. 1915–21, 2: 363–4; Nature, 29 November 1877, pp. 78–9 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11191 |
From Francis Darwin [before 21 May 1877]
Summary
Edwin Ray Lankester wants to reprint FD’s paper ‘Food bodies’ in the Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science.
Author: | Francis Darwin |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [before 21 May 1877] |
Classmark: | DAR 274.1: 22 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10520F |
To Pieter Harting 19 March 1877
Summary
Thanks for account of his work. Cannot read Dutch, but son has translated it.
Thanks for album sent by PH’s countrymen.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Pieter Harting |
Date: | 19 Mar 1877 |
Classmark: | Leiden University Libraries (BPL 1938) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10899 |
From Fritz Müller 25 March 1877
Summary
Thanks CD for new [2d] edition of Orchids.
Mentions some observations on dimorphic plants.
Reports on a third species of Pontederia [see Forms of flowers, p. 185].
Describes some unusual grasses.
Reports rumours from southern Brazil concerning the existence of a gigantic subterranean animal.
Author: | Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 25 Mar 1877 |
Classmark: | DAR 111: A89–90 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10911 |
From P. P. C. Hoek to C. W. Thomson 25 June 1877
Summary
Requests duplicates of [H. M. S.] Challenger Pycnogonidae.
Author: | Paulus Peronius Cato Hoek |
Addressee: | Charles Wyville Thomson |
Date: | 25 June 1877 |
Classmark: | DAR 166: 228 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11016 |
To Nature 21 November [1877]
Summary
Sends letter from Fritz Müller [11191] containing observations on plants and insects of South Brazil, with prefatory comments.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Nature |
Date: | 21 Nov [1877] |
Classmark: | Nature, 29 November 1877, p. 78 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11245 |
From G. J. Romanes 11 August 1877
Summary
Believes in differentiated nerve-tracts [in Medusa] because of experiment in which contractile waves blocked. [See GJR’s "Evolution of nerves", Nature 16 (1877): 231–3, 269–71, 289–93.] Did not know author of MS was Miss Lawless. Describes experiment on contractile waves in Aurelia. Also studying starfish.
Author: | George John Romanes |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 11 Aug 1877 |
Classmark: | E. D. Romanes 1896, p. 57 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11103 |
From F. J. Cohn 31 December 1877
Summary
Sends details of H. H. R. Koch’s work on bacteria, including first photographs.
J. S. Burdon Sanderson’s and Koch’s collaboration on systemic fever.
Thinks movement of Francis Darwin’s Dipsacus filaments is an artifact.
Author: | Ferdinand Julius Cohn |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 31 Dec 1877 |
Classmark: | DAR 161: 205 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11298 |
Matches: 2 hits
- … J. Cohn, 5 August 1877 and [10? ] August 1877 , and letter to Nature , 15 August [1877]). …
- … 1877, Cohn had repeated some of Francis Darwin’s experiments on the protrusion of protoplasmic filaments from glandular hairs in the cups formed by leaves of common teasel ( Dipsacus sylvestris , a synonym of D. fullonum ); CD had sent Cohn’s results, confirming many of Francis’s observations, to Nature (see letters …
From G. J. Romanes 13 August 1877
Summary
Thanks for CD’s comments on ["Evolution of nerves"]. Admits that he may have "been too keen in my scent after nerves".
Notes effect of reversing direction of current in muscular tissue.
Author: | George John Romanes |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 13 Aug 1877 |
Classmark: | E. D. Romanes 1896, p. 63 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11105 |
To G. J. Romanes 11 June [1877]
Summary
Discusses effects of natural selection. Discusses absence of blending between geographical races as a problem. Discusses effect of natural selection on productivity of an organism.
Comments on GJR’s review of Grant Allen’s book [Physiological aesthetics (1877)].
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | George John Romanes |
Date: | 11 June [1877] |
Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.516) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-10996 |
From T. F. Cheeseman 23 October 1877
Summary
Sends his paper on Selliera fertilisation [Trans. & Proc. N. Z. Inst. 9 (1876): 542–5]; contrasts it to CD’s description of Leschenaultia [Collected papers 2: 162–5].
Describes the irritability of Glossostigma elatinoides which he concludes is a mechanism to ensure cross-fertilisation.
Author: | Thomas Frederick Cheeseman |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 23 Oct 1877 |
Classmark: | Nature, 27 December 1877, pp. 163–4 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11204 |
letter | (39) |
Darwin, C. R. | (14) |
Darwin, Francis | (5) |
Romanes, G. J. | (4) |
Müller, Fritz | (3) |
Cohn, F. J. | (2) |
Darwin, C. R. | (22) |
Romanes, G. J. | (5) |
Nature | (2) |
Blackley, C. H. | (1) |
Blomefield, Leonard | (1) |
Darwin, C. R. | (36) |
Romanes, G. J. | (9) |
Darwin, Francis | (5) |
Cohn, F. J. | (3) |
Müller, Fritz | (3) |
Darwin in letters, 1877: Flowers and honours
Summary
Ever since the publication of Expression, Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers, his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the…
Matches: 1 hits
- … no little discovery of mine ever gave me so much pleasure as the making out the …
Photograph album of German and Austrian scientists
Summary
The album was sent to Darwin to mark his birthday on 12 February 1877 by the civil servant Emil Rade, and contained 165 portraits of German and Austrian scientists. The work was lavishly produced and bound in blue velvet with metal embossing. Its ornate…
Matches: 1 hits
- … The album was sent to Darwin to mark his birthday on 12 February 1877 by the civil servant Emil …
Cross and self fertilisation
Summary
The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…
Matches: 1 hits
- … The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom , published on 10 November …
Language: key letters
Summary
How and why language evolved bears on larger questions about the evolution of the human species, and the relationship between man and animals. Darwin presented his views on the development of human speech from animal sounds in The Descent of Man (1871),…
Matches: 1 hits
- … The origin of language was investigated in a wide range of disciplines in the nineteenth century. …
Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad
Summary
At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…
Matches: 1 hits
- … At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of …
Charles Harrison Blackley
Summary
You may not have heard of Charles Harrison Blackley (1820–1900), but if you are one of the 15 million people in the UK who suffer from hay fever, you are indebted to him. For it was he who identified pollen as the cause of the allergy. Darwin was…
Matches: 1 hits
- … You may not have heard of Charles Harrison Blackley (1820–1900), but if you are one of the 15 …
German poems presented to Darwin
Summary
Experiments in deepest reverence The following poems were enclosed with a photograph album sent as a birthday gift to Charles Darwin by his German and Austrian admirers (see letter from From Emil Rade, [before 16] February 1877). The poems were…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Experiments in deepest reverence The following poems were enclosed with a …
Darwin in public and private
Summary
Extracts from Darwin's published works, in particular Descent of man, and selected letters, explore Darwin's views on the operation of sexual selection in humans, and both his publicly and privately expressed views on its practical implications…
Matches: 1 hits
- … The following extracts and selected letters explore Darwin's views on the operation of sexual …
Darwin as mentor
Summary
Darwin provided advice, encouragement and praise to his fellow scientific 'labourers' of both sexes. Selected letters Letter 2234 - Darwin to Unidentified, [5 March 1858] Darwin advises that Professor C. P. Smyth’s observations are not…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Darwin provided advice, encouragement and praise to his fellow scientific 'labourers' of both …
Darwin on race and gender
Summary
Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In Descent of man, he tried to explain the origin of human races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In …
Movement in Plants
Summary
The power of movement in plants, published on 7 November 1880, was the final large botanical work that Darwin wrote. It was the only work in which the assistance of one of his children, Francis Darwin, is mentioned on the title page. The research for this…
Matches: 1 hits
- … The power of movement in plants , published on 7 November 1880, was the final large botanical …
Darwin in letters, 1879: Tracing roots
Summary
Darwin spent a considerable part of 1879 in the eighteenth century. His journey back in time started when he decided to publish a biographical account of his grandfather Erasmus Darwin to accompany a translation of an essay on Erasmus’s evolutionary ideas…
Matches: 1 hits
- … There are summaries of all Darwin's letters from the year 1879 on this website. The full texts of …
Dipsacus and Drosera: Frank’s favourite carnivores
Summary
In Autumn of 1875, Francis Darwin was busy researching aggregation in the tentacles of Drosera rotundifolia (F. Darwin 1876). This phenomenon occurs when coloured particles within either protoplasm or the fluid in the cell vacuole (the cell sap) cluster…
Matches: 1 hits
- … By John Schaefer, Harvard University* Charles Darwin’s enthusiasm for carnivorous …
1.14 William Richmond, oil
Summary
< Back to Introduction William Blake Richmond’s portrait of Darwin, dating from 1879, celebrated his honorary degree of LL.D (Doctor in Laws), awarded by Cambridge University in 1877. Darwin’s return to his alma mater for the presentation ceremony…
Matches: 1 hits
- … < Back to Introduction William Blake Richmond’s portrait of Darwin, dating from 1879, …
Plant or animal? (Or: Don’t try this at home!)
Summary
Darwin is famous for showing that humans are just another animal, but, in his later years in particular, his real passion was something even more ambitious: to show that there are no hard-and-fast boundaries between animals and plants. In 1875 Darwin…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Darwin is famous for showing that humans are just another animal, but, in his later years in …
Darwin in letters, 1864: Failing health
Summary
On receiving a photograph from Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July 1864: ‘the venerable beard gives the look of your having suffered, and … of having grown older’. Because of poor health, Because of poor health, Darwin…
Matches: 1 hits
- … On receiving a photograph from Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July …
Darwin in letters, 1860: Answering critics
Summary
On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s Origin of species, printing off another 3000 copies to satisfy the demands of an audience that surprised both the publisher and the author. It wasn't long, however, before ‘the…
Matches: 1 hits
- … On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s Origin of species , …
Darwin on human evolution
Summary
'I hear that Ladies think it delightful reading, but that it does not do to talk about it, which no doubt promotes the sale.' For the first time online you can now read the full texts of nearly 800 letters Darwin wrote and received during 1871,…
Matches: 1 hits
- … I shall be well abused, for as my son Frank says: "you treat man in such a bare-faced manner." …
Darwin in letters, 1878: Movement and sleep
Summary
In 1878, Darwin devoted most of his attention to the movements of plants. He investigated the growth pattern of roots and shoots, studying the function of specific organs in this process. Working closely with his son Francis, Darwin devised a series of…
Matches: 1 hits
- … I think we have proved that the sleep of plants is to lessen injury to leaves from radiation …
Darwin in letters,1866: Survival of the fittest
Summary
The year 1866 began well for Charles Darwin, as his health, after several years of illness, was now considerably improved. In February, Darwin received a request from his publisher, John Murray, for a new edition of Origin. Darwin got the fourth…
Matches: 1 hits
- … The year 1866 began well for Charles Darwin, as his health, after several years of illness, was …