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Darwin in letters, 1877: Flowers and honours

Summary

Ever since the publication of Expression, Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers, his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the…

Matches: 22 hits

  • Ever since the publication of Expression , Darwins research had centred firmly on botany. The
  • of bloom, each of these projects would culminate in a major publication. Darwins botany was
  • assisted his fathers research on movement and bloom, and Darwin in turn encouraged his sons own
  • by his engagement to Sara Sedgwick, an American from a family that the Darwins had befriended. The
  • from Germany, Austria, and the Netherlands. Closer to home, Darwin received an honorary Doctorate of
  • sites for possible earthworm activity. Now in his 69th year, Darwin remained remarkably productive, …
  • no controversy. In his autobiographical reflections, Darwin remarked: ‘no little discovery of
  • … (‘Recollections’, p. 419). During the winter and spring, Darwin was busy preparing the manuscript of
  • and presented to the Linnean Society of London. In the book, Darwin adopted the more recent term
  • the fertility of individual flowers and plants across a range of common species, such as the
  • pleases me.’. Darwin dedicated the book to Gray, ‘as a small tribute of respect and affection’. He
  • of a very heavy shower’, William wrote on 24 August 1877 . ‘The leaves were not at all depressed; …
  • gardeners ( letter from W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 25 August 1877 ). At Down House, Darwin and
  • a delicate twig’ ( letter to R. I. Lynch, 14 September 1877 ). Research on movement would continue
  • of some Infusoria’ ( letter from F. J. Cohn, 5 August 1877 ). Franciss paper eventually appeared
  • wrote to the editor, George Croom Robertson, on 27 April 1877 , ‘I hope that you will be so good
  • had written to the editor Ernst Ludwig Krause on 30 June 1877 , ‘I have been much interested by
  • of Kosmos covering the German debate (letters to W. E. Gladstone, 2 October 1877 and 25
  • form and of motion was exact and lively’ ( letter from W. E. Gladstone, 23 October 1877 ). …
  • found him as soft & smooth as butter’ ( letter to C. E. Norton, 16 March 1877 ). Hooker was
  • the gospel of dirt the order of the day’ ( letter from E. A. Darwin, 27 January [1877] ).  Carlyle
  • study of medical monstrosity ( letter from C. T. E. Siebold, 10 October 1877 ). An American banker

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 20 hits

  • kingdom , published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide
  • on plants with two or three different forms of flowers, Darwin had focused on the anatomical and
  • of different forms of pollen. Although many plants that Darwin observed had flowers with adaptations
  • rates, growth, and constitutional vigour. Although Darwin was no stranger to long months and years
  • … … is highly remarkableIn September 1866, Darwin announced to the American botanist
  • several years ( To Édouard Bornet, 1 December 1866 ). Darwin began a series of experiments, …
  • … ( To Edouard Bornet, 20 August [1867] ). It was only after a new season of experiments that Darwin
  • access to flowers was only the tip of the iceberg. Darwin next focused on the California
  • unnoticed, had it existed in all individuals of such a common garden plant. Perhaps in the case of
  • conditions’ ( From Fritz Müller, 1 December 1866 ). Darwins interest was piqued and he described
  • when self-fertilised, although fewer than crossed plants. Darwin sent some of these seeds to Müller, …
  • … [1868] ). Müller, in turn, sent seeds from his plants to Darwin and both men continued to
  • generations. In June 1869, Müller remarked, on receiving a new batch of seeds from Darwin, ‘that it
  • plants’ ( To Fritz Müller, 12 May 1870 ). From a fairly early stage in his experimental
  • of plants.’ ( From Friedrich Hildebrand, 18 January 1877 ). Hermann Müller enthused that Darwins
  • my book’ ( To  GardenersChronicle , 19 February [1877] ). In contrast, as Hooker told Darwin, …
  • gloats over it' ( From JDHooker, 27 January 1877 ). Darwin was especially pleased with
  • have quite eviscerated it’ ( To Asa Gray, 18 February [1877] ). By mid-March 1877, the edition was
  • index a little altered’ ( To R. F. Cooke, 11 December [1877] ). These changes were necessitated by
  • wheat that he had studied ( From A. W. Rimpau, 10 December 1877 ). By the end of February 1878, …

Capturing Darwin’s voice: audio of selected letters

Summary

On a sunny Wednesday in June 2011 in a makeshift recording studio somewhere in Cambridge, we were very pleased to welcome Terry Molloy back to the Darwin Correspondence Project for a special recording session. Terry, known for his portrayal of Davros in Dr…

Matches: 9 hits

  • On a sunny Wednesday in June 2011 in a makeshift recording studio somewhere in Cambridge, we were
  • The Archers , previously worked with us playing Charles Darwin in a dramatisation of the
  • to life with his masterful characterisation of Charles DarwinIt was a long and full day at the
  • Other female correspondents asked Darwin questions about the spiritual implications of his theories
  • … [1880] ). The letters cover a long time span from one  of 31 August
  • from the youthful exuberance of the Beagle letters (e.g. letter to Caroline Darwin, 29 April
  • in interpreting  particular letters. How should one read Darwins politely worded rebuke to St G. J. …
  • of reports and questions that led up to hisconfessing a murderin his famous  letter to J. D. …
  • proofreading a draft chapter of Descent (letter to H. E. Darwin, [8 February 1870] ). …

Diagrams and drawings in letters

Summary

Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … [1–23 July 1841] William Hopkins's comments on a compass diagram designed to show the …
  • … 1872 CD asks G. C. Wallich for the negative of a photograph of smiling girl (enclosed) and …
  • … containing bud samples,  12 May 1878 G. H. Darwin's drawings of  Thalia dealbata  …
  • … 1879 Anthony Rich's description of the movement of a caterpillar,  1 July 1879 …

Have you read the one about....

Summary

... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some serious - but all letters you can read here.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some serious - but …

Darwin in letters, 1879: Tracing roots

Summary

Darwin spent a considerable part of 1879 in the eighteenth century. His journey back in time started when he decided to publish a biographical account of his grandfather Erasmus Darwin to accompany a translation of an essay on Erasmus’s evolutionary ideas…

Matches: 20 hits

  • There are summaries of all Darwin's letters from the year 1879 on this website.  The full texts
  • 27 of the print edition of The correspondence of Charles Darwin , published by Cambridge
  • the sensitivity of the tips. Despite this breakthrough, when Darwin first mentioned the book to his
  • 1879 ). He was also unsatisfied with his account of Erasmus Darwin, declaring, ‘My little biography
  • to Francis Galton, 15 [June 1879] ). Even the prospect of a holiday in the Lake District in August
  • W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, [after 26] July [1879] ). From July, Darwin had an additional worry: the
  • Darwin, despite his many blessings, was finding old agea dismal time’ ( letter to Henry Johnson, …
  • old age, which creeps slily upon one, like moss upon a tree, and wrinkles one all over like a baked
  • way round?’ At least the last letter of 1879 contained a warmer note and the promise of future
  • Virchows attempt to discredit evolutionary theory in 1877, assured him that his views were now
  • editor of the journal Kosmos , which had been founded in 1877 by Krause and others as a journal
  • … & would please Francis’, he pointed out ( letter from E. A. Darwin, 13 March [1879 ]). …
  • thoughtperfect in every way’ ( letter from E. A. Wheler, 25 March 1879 ). She suggested that
  • and particularly the theory of natural selection in 1877) had previously told Krause, ‘He is a very
  • … … neither cross nor ennuied’ (Emma Darwin to W. E. Darwin, [4 August 1879] (DAR 219.1: 125)). Darwin
  • say that he has opposed it’ (letter from Emma Darwin to W. E. Darwin, [4 August 1879] (DAR 219.1: …
  • get home ‘& began drumming at once’ (Emma Darwin to H. E. Litchfield, [27 August 1879] (DAR 219
  • of laws he had received from Cambridge University in 1877. Emma Darwin recorded that Darwin found
  • it dominated the picture (letter from Emma Darwin to H. E. Litchfield, [17 July 1879] (DAR 219.9: …
  • men of science quarrelled (letter from Emma Darwin to W. E. Darwin, [6 September 1879] (DAR 219.1: …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

List of people appearing in the photograph album Darwin received from scientific admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to Hester Loeff for providing this list and for permission to make her research available.…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … List of people appearing in the  photograph album Darwin received from scientific admirers in …
  • … and forenames Occupation Age in 1877 Residence Date …
  • … Leiden 13 June 1823 Rotterdam 2 June 1877 Zoeterwoude …
  • … Died just a few months after the album was sent to Charles Darwin at the age of 53 …
  • … Geologist, Economist an Darwinist. Corresponded with Darwin and translated The descent of Man in …
  • … 5 October 1808 Wildenborch 4 June 1877 Klein Dochteren …

Darwin on race and gender

Summary

Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In Descent of man, he tried to explain the origin of human races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual…

Matches: 20 hits

  • Darwins views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with
  • races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual
  • in beetles. The unity of human species Darwin believed that the same process of sexual
  • gradually increase those features over long periods of time. Darwins theory was based partly on the
  • seemed to prevail across the globe. In Descent , Darwin also addressed widely held beliefs
  • in effect separate species), and the fixity of racial types. A leading factor in disputes about
  • ofspecies’, ‘varieties’, andraces’. Darwin argued forcefully for the unity of the human species, …
  • Gender and civilisation In his early notebooks, Darwin remarked that survival value or
  • … , B74). In his later writings on plants and animals, Darwin remained consistent on this point, and
  • improvement, or design. However, when it came to humans, Darwin reintroduced the structure of
  • and present, on the basis of theircivilization’. Here Darwin drew on contemporary anthropology, …
  • colonial conquests and expansion abroad. Thus, while Darwins views on race differed widely
  • men, and of non-European peoples becomingcivilized’ (i.e. European). Of the three Yahgans who had
  • … ( Beagle diary , p. 143). He was delighted to receive a letter from an African correspondent
  • Gaika as an authoritative observer in Expression . He had a number of women correspondents who
  • Press. Desmond, Adrian and James Moore. 2009. Darwin's sacred cause . London: Allen
  • British Journal of the History of Science 6: 923 [in a special issue onDescent of Darwin: race, …
  • … . New York: The Free Press. Voss, Julia. 2007, Darwins pictures: views of evolutionary
  • with women Key letters : Letter to H. E. Darwin, [8 February 1870] …
  • Treat, 5 January 1872 Letter to [E. M. Dicey?], [1877] Letter to C. A. Kennard

Darwin in public and private

Summary

Extracts from Darwin's published works, in particular Descent of man, and selected letters, explore Darwin's views on the operation of sexual selection in humans, and both his publicly and privately expressed views on its practical implications…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … The following extracts and selected letters explore Darwin's views on the operation of sexual …
  • … selected extracts [ View full extracts in a PDF ] 1) “And this leads me to say a few …
  • … p. 88. 2) “There is one other point deserving a fuller notice. It has long been known that in …
  • … courageous, pugnacious, and energetic than woman, and has a more inventive genius…”   Descent …
  • … powers of the two sexes is shewn by man attaining to a higher eminence, in whatever he takes up, …
  • … and mind than woman, and in the savage state he keeps her in a far more abject state of bondage than …
  • … Selected letters Letter 1113 - Darwin to Whitby, M. A. T., [2 September 1847] …
  • … of dark eyebrows. Letter 489 – Darwin to Wedgwood, E., [20 January 1859] …
  • … impeding general perusal. Letter 8146 – Darwin to Treat, M., [5 January 1872] …
  • … Letter 10746 – Darwin to Dicey, E. M., [1877] Darwin gives his opinion on the …
  • … Letter 11267f – Darwin, S. to Darwin, [3 December 1877] Darwin’s daughter-in-law …

Movement in Plants

Summary

The power of movement in plants, published on 7 November 1880, was the final large botanical work that Darwin wrote. It was the only work in which the assistance of one of his children, Francis Darwin, is mentioned on the title page. The research for this…

Matches: 18 hits

  • 7 November 1880was the final large botanical work that Darwin wrote. It was the only work in which
  • about their research while he was away from home. Although Darwin lacked a state of the art research
  • methods and use the most advanced laboratory equipment. Darwin also benefitted from the instrument
  • that Francis had been introduced to at Würzburg. Darwin described his experimental practice
  • plant physiology, but it was at its core informed by Darwins theory of evolution, particularly by
  • general law or systemIn the early 1860s, at a time when his health was especially bad, …
  • of climbing in all its forms. It was quickly reproduced as a small book, giving it a much wider
  • the topic within an evolutionary framework. He received a wealth of information from correspondents
  • about the nature of movement, so much so, that at one point Darwin had considered combining the
  • digestive processes. With his final great botanical work, Darwin would attemptto bring all the
  • emotions had their origins in non-human animal expression. Darwin had not done experimental work in
  • was the plant equivalent of digestion or reflex action at a physiological level? Was there a
  • in the diversified movements of plants was stimulated by a phenomenon seemingly unrelated to
  • He suspected that drops of water standing on the surface of a leaf might act like a lens focusing
  • …   ‘Very curious resultsIn May 1877, Darwin asked one of his most trusted
  • of movement ( letter from RILynch, [before 28 July 1877] ). ‘ I do not believe I sh d . …
  • … ‘Transversal-Heliotropismus’ ( letter from WEDarwin10 February [1880] ). Francis
  • those of Gray, who had written an article on the subject in 1877 (A. Gray 1877e). Gray had reported

Darwin as mentor

Summary

Darwin provided advice, encouragement and praise to his fellow scientific 'labourers' of both sexes. Selected letters Letter 2234 - Darwin to Unidentified, [5 March 1858] Darwin advises that Professor C. P. Smyth’s observations are not…

Matches: 10 hits

  • Darwin provided advice, encouragement and praise to his fellow scientific …
  • … Selected letters Letter 2234 - Darwin to Unidentified, [5 March 1858] Darwin …
  • … on insufficient grounds. Letter 3934 - Darwin to Scott, J., [21 January 1863] …
  • … material worthy of publication. Letter 4185 - Darwin to Scott, J., [25 & 28 May …
  • … “lucid vigorous style”. In consultation with Emma, Darwin offers Henrietta “some little memorial” in …
  • … so many observations without aid. Letter 8146 - Darwin to Treat, M., [5 January 1872] …
  • … scientific journal”. Letter 8171 - Darwin to Wedgwood, L., [21 January 1872] …
  • … stooping over holes for hours which “tried my head”. Darwin notes that Lucy is worth her weight in …
  • … J. D., [30 August 1874] Darwin comments on a “clever” article written by Mary Barber and …
  • … Letter 11096 - Darwin to Romanes, G. J., [9 August 1877] Darwin points out a mistake made …

1.14 William Richmond, oil

Summary

< Back to Introduction William Blake Richmond’s portrait of Darwin, dating from 1879, celebrated his honorary degree of LL.D (Doctor in Laws), awarded by Cambridge University in 1877. Darwin’s return to his alma mater for the presentation ceremony…

Matches: 16 hits

  • William Blake Richmonds portrait of Darwin, dating from 1879, celebrated his honorary degree of LL
  • Senate House . . . and the scene was very animated.’ As Darwin entered the room, hereceived an
  • orator, speaking in Latin, elegantly but speciously adapted Darwins theories toa passage of
  • wearing a mortarboard and academic gown from cords over Darwins head. Whether the students intended
  • … (son of George Richmond, who had painted the watercolour of Darwin in his youth), received the
  • in this same year.   In a letter of 18 June 1879, Darwin told Thiselton-Dyer (Hookers son-in
  • he found it difficult to establish any personal rapport with Darwin during his time at Down House. …
  • The Times critic thought it anoble portrait’; Darwin waswearing his crimson doctors gown, …
  • seigniory’. Its reception by the University and the Darwin family was apparently less enthusiastic. …
  • the expression are characteristic of my father’. When Emma Darwin saw it for the first time on a
  • Zoology department of the University. Richmonds image of Darwin never became familiar and popular
  • and many photographs had done. One can agree with Francis Darwin that Richmonds likeness is
  • Collier for another and very different oil portrait. With Darwins death perceived to be not far
  • bibliographyUniversity News’, Observer (18 Nov. 1877), p. 6. ‘Mr. Darwin at Cambridge’, …
  • of the Art Journal, 1902, p. 31. Francis Darwin and A.C. Seward, More Letters of Charles
  • Cambridge University Press, 1909), p. 3, no. 7. Henrietta E. Litchfield, Emma Darwin, a Century of

Referencing women’s work

Summary

Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, but whether and how they were acknowledged in print involved complex considerations of social standing, professional standing, and personal preference.…

Matches: 13 hits

  • Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, …
  • Animal intelligence referred to the contributions of &#039;a young lady, who objects to her name
  • throughout Variation . Letter 2395 - Darwin to Holland, Miss, [April 1860] …
  • anonymised and masculinised. Letter 3316 - Darwin to Nevill, D. F., [12 November
  • Nevill is referenced by name for herkindnessin Darwins Fertilisation of Orchids . …
  • by numerous women of their infants are not referenced in a section of Expression onthe
  • was novelist Elizabeth Gaskell for her description of a crying baby in Mary Barton. …
  • Mould and Earthworms but she was identified only asa lady, on whose accuracy I can implicitly
  • near his house. Letter 8168 - Ruck, A. R. to Darwin, H., [20 January 1872] …
  • activity undertaken around Machynlleth in Wales. She has dug a number of trenches, measured soil
  • fields of North Wales. Letter 8193 - Ruck, A. R. to Darwin, H., [1 February
  • Letter 11221 - Darwin to Darwin, H., [1 November 1877] Darwin asks his sons, …
  • … . Letter 12745 - Darwin to Wedgwood, K. E. S., [8 October 1880] Darwin

Natural Science and Femininity

Summary

Discussion Questions|Letters A conflation of masculine intellect and feminine thoughts, habits and feelings, male naturalists like Darwin inhabited an uncertain gendered identity. Working from the private domestic comfort of their homes and exercising…

Matches: 13 hits

  • Discussion Questions | Letters A conflation of masculine intellect and feminine
  • feminine powers of feeling and aesthetic appreciation, Darwin and his male colleagues struggled to
  • Letters Letter 109 - Wedgwood, J. to Darwin, R. W., [31 August 1831] Darwin
  • professional work on his return. Letter 158 - Darwin to Darwin, R. W., [8 &amp; 26
  • published his findings both in Expression and in an 1877 article titled, ‘ A Biographical
  • had gathered and brought into the house immediately after a rain storm. Here, Darwins scientific
  • domestic family life. Letter 4377 - Haeckel, E. P. A. to Darwin, [2 January 1864] …
  • March 1864] Darwin thanks Hooker for posting to him a number of plants to aid his work on
  • work, engage in thestruggle for lifeand becomea useful self-supportingmember of the public
  • believes that Scott ought to engage in drudgerylike a manandoccupy the rest of his time with
  • to be able to do pure science on half his income but he has a duty to the public to contribute more
  • conducted in his home. Letter 6453 - Langton, E. to Wedgwood, S. E., [9 November 1868] …
  • Letter 10821 - Graham C. C. to Darwin, [30 January 1877] Psychologist Christopher Graham

Darwin in letters, 1878: Movement and sleep

Summary

In 1878, Darwin devoted most of his attention to the movements of plants. He investigated the growth pattern of roots and shoots, studying the function of specific organs in this process. Working closely with his son Francis, Darwin devised a series of…

Matches: 15 hits

  • … lessen injury to leaves from radiation In 1878, Darwin devoted most of his attention to …
  • … in this process. Working closely with his son Francis, Darwin devised a series of experiments to …
  • … plant laboratories in Europe. While Francis was away, Darwin delighted in his role as …
  • … the mental faculties of the two-year-old with those of a monkey. Another diversion from botanical …
  • … agent of progress. The year closed with remarkable news of a large legacy bequeathed to Darwin by a …
  • … birthday ( letter to Ernst Haeckel, 12 February [1878] ), Darwin reflected that it was ‘more …
  • … Expression ), and the final revision of Origin (1872), Darwin had turned almost exclusively to …
  • … position assumed by leaves at night (nyctitropism) was a protection against heat loss. ‘I think we …
  • … me much & has cost us great labour, as it has been a problem since the time of Linnaus. But we …
  • … were enrolled as researchers, as were family members. Darwin asked his niece Sophy to observe …
  • … ( letter to Sophy Wedgwood, 24 March [1878–80] ). While Darwin was studying the function of …
  • … in the petioles of the Cotyledons of oxalis, I conclude that a pulvinus must be developed from …
  • … after growth has ceased or nearly ceased.’ Finally, Darwin turned to plant motion below the …
  • … precision the lines of least resistance in the ground.’ Darwin would devote a whole chapter to the …
  • … the German Association of Naturalists in September 1877, Darwin’s outspoken supporter Ernst Haeckel …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

Here is a list of people that appeared in the photograph album Darwin received for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from scientific admirers in the Netherlands. Many thanks to Hester Loeff for identifying and researching them. No. …

Matches: 4 hits

  • … list of people that appeared in the  photograph album Darwin received for his birthday on 12 …
  • … Title and forenames Occupation Age in 1877 Residence Date of birth …
  • … Leiden 13 june 1823 Rotterdam 2 june 1877 Zoeterwoude …
  • … 5 october 1808 Wildenborch 4 june 1877 Klein Dochteren …

Darwin in letters, 1880: Sensitivity and worms

Summary

‘My heart & soul care for worms & nothing else in this world,’ Darwin wrote to his old Shrewsbury friend Henry Johnson on 14 November 1880. Darwin became fully devoted to earthworms in the spring of the year, just after finishing the manuscript of…

Matches: 17 hits

  • heart &amp; soul care for worms &amp; nothing else in this world,’ Darwin wrote to his old
  • to adapt to varying conditions. The implications of Darwins work for the boundary between animals
  • studies of animal instincts by George John Romanes drew upon Darwins early observations of infants, …
  • of evolution and creation. Many letters flowed between Darwin and his children, as he took delight
  • and observations. Financial support for science was a recurring issue, as Darwin tried to secure a
  • with Samuel Butler, prompted by the publication of Erasmus Darwin the previous year. …
  • life and other bits of family history. On 1 January , a distant cousin, Charles Harrison Tindal, …
  • about the eagerness of the two learned divines to see a pigs body opened is very amusing’, Darwin
  • away in archives and registry offices, and produced a twenty-page history of the Darwin family
  • obliged to meet some of the distant relations and conciliate a few whose ancestors had not featured
  • in to the thick of all these cousins &amp; think I must pay a round of visits.’ One cousin, Reginald
  • find an ordinary mortal who could laugh’ ( letter from W. E. Darwin to Charles and Emma Darwin, 22
  • a grievance to hang an article upon’ ( letter from W. E. Darwin, [28 January 1880] ). …
  • one or both to his daughter Henrietta ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 1 February [1880] ). ‘The
  • he will have the last word’, she warned ( letter from H. E. Litchfield, [1 February 1880] ). ‘He
  • the genus given by Gray in an article and textbook (A. Gray 1877 and A. Gray 1879, pp. 201). ‘I
  • aided in any way direct attacks on religion’ ( letter to E. B. Aveling, 13 October 1880 ). Finally

Darwin in letters, 1875: Pulling strings

Summary

‘I am getting sick of insectivorous plants’, Darwin confessed in January 1875. He had worked on the subject intermittently since 1859, and had been steadily engaged on a book manuscript for nine months; January also saw the conclusion of a bitter dispute…

Matches: 14 hits

  • Editions Plants always held an important place in Darwins theorising about species, and
  • way to continuous writing and revision, activities that Darwin found less gratifying: ‘I am slaving
  • coloured stamens.’ At intervals during the year, Darwin was diverted from the onerous task of
  • year, he campaigned vigorously against the blackballing of a young zoologist, Edwin Ray Lankester, …
  • In January, the protracted dispute with Mivart came to a close. The final chapter of the controversy
  • On 8 January , he told Hooker: ‘I will write a savage letter &amp; that will do me some good, if I
  • with much advice and assistance from his family, he sent a curt note to Mivart on 12 January , …
  • Hooker and Thomas Henry Huxley. Because Mivart was a distinguished zoologist, a fellow of the
  • pp. 1617). ‘How grandly you have defended me’, Darwin wrote on 6 January , ‘You have also
  • in public. ‘Without cutting him direct’, he advised Darwin on 7 January , ‘I should avoid him, …
  • in April 1874 (see Correspondence vol. 22, letters from E. E. Klein, 14 May 1874 and 10
  • day That ever you were born (letter from E. F. Lubbock, [after 2 July] 1875).   …
  • plants (Carus trans. 1876a). The German publisher E. Schweizerbartsche Verlagshandlung began to
  • were involved in the launch of Kosmos in April 1877. From Haeckel, Darwin received a copy of a

Darwin in letters, 1864: Failing health

Summary

On receiving a photograph from Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July 1864: ‘the venerable beard gives the look of your having suffered, and … of having grown older’.  Because of poor health, Because of poor health, Darwin…

Matches: 21 hits

  • On receiving a photograph from Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11
  • … … of having grown older’. This portrait, the first of Darwin with his now famous beard, had been
  • of dimorphic plants with Williams help; he also ordered a selection of new climbing plants for his
  • 52 hours without vomiting!! In the same month, Darwin began to consult William Jenner, …
  • physician-in-ordinary to Queen Victoria. Jenner prescribed a variety of antacids and purgatives, and
  • the dimorphic aquatic cut-grass  Leersia . In May, Darwin finished his paper on  Lythrum
  • continued throughout the summer. When he finished a preliminary draft of his paper on climbing
  • he had set aside the previous summer. In October, Darwin let his friends know that on his
  • and he received more letters of advice from Jenner. In a letter of 15 December [1864] to the
  • November and December were also marked by the award to Darwin of the Royal Societys Copley Medal; …
  • been unsuccessfully nominated the two previous years. As Darwin explained to his cousin William
  • arose over the grounds on which it was conferred, brought a dramatic conclusion to the year. Darwin
  • his observations indoors ( Correspondence  vol. 11). In a letter of [27 January 1864] , Darwin
  • However, the queries that Darwin, describing himself asa broken-down brother-naturalist’, sent to
  • for another specimen: ‘I want it fearfully for it is a leaf climber &amp; therefore sacred’ ( …
  • transitional forms. Darwin came to think, for example, that a leaf, while still serving the
  • of dimorphic and trimorphic plants’), and later in his 1877 bookThe different forms of flowers on
  • Menyanthes  ( letter from Emma and Charles Darwin to W. E. Darwin, [20 May 1864] ), or his
  • in the second edition of  Orchids , published in 1877. These publications were partly inspired by
  • circulating with the 1864 subscription fund ( letter from E. A. Darwin, 1 February [1864] ). …
  • … … &amp; too light to turn into candlesticks’ ( letter from E. A. Darwin, 1 December 1864 ). …

Darwin in letters,1866: Survival of the fittest

Summary

The year 1866 began well for Charles Darwin, as his health, after several years of illness, was now considerably improved. In February, Darwin received a request from his publisher, John Murray, for a new edition of  Origin. Darwin got the fourth…

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  • The year 1866 began well for Charles Darwin, as his health, after several years of illness, was now
  • all but the concluding chapter of the work was submitted by Darwin to his publisher in December. …
  • hypothesis of hereditary transmission. Debate about Darwins theory of transmutation
  • of special creation on the basis of alleged evidence of a global ice age, while Asa Gray pressed
  • for the Advancement of Science. Fuller consideration of Darwins work was given by Hooker in an
  • the details of Hookers proposed talk formed the basis of a lengthy and lively exchange of letters
  • frustrations were punctuated by family bereavement. Two of Darwins sisters died, Emily Catherine
  • responded philosophically to these deaths, regarding both as a merciful release from painful illness
  • yet much taste for common meat,’ he continued, ‘but eat a little game or fowl twice a day &amp; eggs
  • after the startling apparition of your face at R.S. Soirèewhich I dreamed of 2 nights running. …
  • on those terms so you are in for it’ ( letter from H. E. Darwin, [  c . 10 May 1866] ). …
  • Georg Bronn, had been published in 1860 and 1863 by the firm E. Schweizerbartsche
  • wasmerely ordinaryly diœcious’ ( letter from W. E. Darwin, [7 May11 June 1866] ). On
  • a case of dimorphic becoming diœcious’ ( letter from W. E. Darwin, 20 June [1866] ). Darwin
  • I am well accustomed to such explosions’ ( letter to W. E. Darwin, 22 June [1866] ). He urged
  • indeed at poor Susans loneliness’ ( letter from E. C. Langton to Emma and Charles Darwin, [6 and 7
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