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Darwin in letters, 1871: An emptying nest
Summary
The year 1871 was an extremely busy and productive one for Darwin, with the publication in February of his long-awaited book on human evolution, Descent of man. The other main preoccupation of the year was the preparation of his manuscript on expression.…
Matches: 24 hits
- … The year 1871 was an extremely busy and productive one for Darwin, seeing the …
- … promotes the sale’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 26 March 1871 ). The profits for Darwin were …
- … first two printings, Darwin wrote to Murray on 20 March 1871 , ‘It is quite a grand trade to be a …
- … in memory of the book’ ( letter to H. E. Darwin, 20 March 1871 ). Reaction …
- … to read it ( letter from James Crichton-Browne, 19 February 1871 ). The African explorer and …
- … pleasant or not’ (letter from W. W. Reade, 21 February 1871). The geologist William Boyd Dawkins …
- … to buy them’ ( letter from W. B. Dawkins, 23 February 1871 ). Thomas Henry Huxley marvelled that …
- … tide-marks!’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 20 February 1871 ). Asa Gray remarked, somewhat …
- … and pointed ears” (letter from Asa Gray, 14 April 1871) Like his previous book, …
- … arms and legs ( letter from C. L. Bernays, 25 February 1871 ). Samples of hair arrived from …
- … his head ( letter from W. B. Tegetmeier, [before 25 April 1871] )). Hinrich Nitsche, ‘the lucky …
- … orang-utan foetus ( letter from Hinrich Nitsche, 18 April 1871 ). Darwin thought he might use the …
- … poor return’ ( letter to Hinrich Nitsche, 25 April [1871] ). Animal anecdotes appeared in …
- … space each morning ( letter from Arthur Nicols, 7 March 1871 ; letter from B. J. Sulivan, 11 …
- … of beauty ( letter from E. J. Pfeiffer, [before 26 April 1871] ). Roland Trimen, a long-time …
- … in the past ( letter from Roland Trimen, 17 and 18 April 1871 ). Candid disagreement …
- … were raised to a high pitch, as Innes wrote on 26 May 1871 about the darker races arising …
- … as far as this goes’ ( letter to J. B. Innes, 29 May [1871] ). On religion and morality …
- … the baboon is as the Creator made it’ ( letter from George Morrish, 18 March 1871 ). Darwin …
- … 20 August 1871 ). The Anglican clergyman and naturalist George Henslow reported that he had been …
- … of utilitarianism to assist his father in answering Morley. George and Henrietta remarked upon his …
- … far the most vexing critic for Darwin was the zoologist St George Jackson Mivart. An expert on …
- … Alexander Agassiz, Abraham Dee Bartlett, Albert Günther, George Busk, T. H. Huxley, Osbert Salvin, …
- … December 1871] ). Francis was now studying medicine at St George’s Hospital in London, although he …
Insectivorous Plants
Summary
Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Plants that consume insects Darwin began his work with insectivorous plants in the mid 1860s, though his findings would not be published until 1875. In his autobiography Darwin reflected on the delay that…
Matches: 3 hits
Race, Civilization, and Progress
Summary
Darwin's first reflections on human progress were prompted by his experiences in the slave-owning colony of Brazil, and by his encounters with the Yahgan peoples of Tierra del Fuego. Harsh conditions, privation, poor climate, bondage and servitude,…
Cross and self fertilisation
Summary
The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…
Matches: 9 hits
- … on 30 January 1868. In April 1868, Darwin informed George Bentham, ‘I am experimenting on a …
- … of orchids are quite intelligible to me’ ( To George Bentham, 22 April 1868 ). A month later, he …
- … of self-fertilisation’ ( To J. D. Hooker, 23 July [1871] ). Darwin also informed Müller of this …
- … in his hothouse ( To Fritz Müller, 2 August [1871] ). By late 1871, Darwin was already …
- … generations’ ( To Federico Delpino, 22 November 1871 ). Delpino replied that he looked forward to …
- … and horticulture ( From Federico Delpino, 5 December 1871 ). When Darwin began writing in February …
- … heights would be useful. He asked his mathematician son George whether it would be ‘an easy …
- … ( To G. H. Darwin, 8 January [1876] ). George explained the difficulties of lumping different …
- … Most published reviews that appeared were also positive, but George Henslow, in his review in …
Darwin and the Church
Summary
The story of Charles Darwin’s involvement with the church is one that is told far too rarely. It shows another side of the man who is more often remembered for his personal struggles with faith, or for his role in large-scale controversies over the…
Matches: 5 hits
- … request favourably—’ (letter from J. B. Innes, 26 May 1871 ). Indeed Innes had such a high …
- … school and organ funds (letter to J. B. Innes, 13 January 1871 ). Down’s next clergyman …
- … very dull sermons’ (letter to J. B. Innes, 18 January [1871] ). Mr Powell was happy to take up …
- … parsonage, and with Innes’s approval the reins passed to George Sketchley Ffinden. Darwin’s …
- … qualifications’ (letter from J. B. Innes, 5 June 1871 ). Particularly in the early days of …
1.3 Thomas Herbert Maguire, lithograph
Summary
< Back to Introduction This striking portrait of Darwin, dating from 1849, belonged to a series of about sixty lithographic portraits of naturalists and other scientists drawn by Thomas Herbert Maguire. They were successively commissioned over a…
Matches: 12 hits
- … over a period of about five years, c. 1848–1852, by George Ransome, offspring of a Quaker family of …
- … founding and financing of this museum in 1846–1847, and George Ransome became its Honorary Secretary …
- … as its first president, and his friend Revd John Stevens Henslow – Darwin’s Cambridge mentor – as …
- … Ipswich project partly stemmed from a sense of obligation to Henslow. Occurring before the …
- … embarrassment or difficulty on religious grounds. In return, Henslow persuaded Ransome to give …
- … including Murchison, Yarrell, Gould, and Jardine as well as Henslow and Kirby. According to a report …
- … was expanded further still, again through the activities of George Ransome. His ambitions for the …
- … celebrations, he too became a patron of the Museum, and Henslow presented him with a bound set of …
- … photographic prints. Darwin thought that the portrait of Henslow was ‘very like, but I am not quite …
- … self-conscious and awkward in his pose. Darwin told Henslow, ‘My wife says she never saw me with the …
- … of Honorary Members of the Ipswich Museum. Published by George Ransome, F.L.S., Honorary Secretary’, …
- … 5. [John Ellor Taylor], A Guide to the Ipswich Museum (1871): copy in the archive of Colchester …
Darwin on race and gender
Summary
Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In Descent of man, he tried to explain the origin of human races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual…
Women’s scientific participation
Summary
Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…
Matches: 12 hits
- … Anne Jane Cupples, wife of the Scottish scientist George Cupples, shares her observations on the …
- … Asa Gray about the observations of orchids made by his son, George. He details George’s findings and …
- … to look for more samples. Letter 4928 - Henslow, G. to Darwin, [11 November 1865] …
- … Letter 7433 - Wedgwood, F. to Darwin, [9 January 1871] Darwin’s brother-in-law, …
- … Letter 8113 - Treat, M. to Darwin, [20 December 1871] Mary Treat describes her …
- … Letter 7605 - Darwin to Darwin, H. E., [20 March 1871] Darwin reports to …
- … Letter 7858 - Darwin to Wa llace, A. R., [12 July 1871] Darwin tells Wallace that …
- … 8089 - Darwin to Litc hfield, H. E., [2 December 1871] Darwin sends a chapter on …
- … Men: Letter 378 - Darwin to Henslow, J. S., [20 September 1837] Darwin …
- … the second edition of Descent to Darwin's son George. The work is tedious and Wallace …
- … editing the second edition of Descent to his son, George. Darwin warns George that it will …
- … editing the second edition of Descent to his son, George. Darwin warns George that it will …
Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small
Summary
In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…
Matches: 17 hits
- … respectively. In January, Darwin corresponded with George John Romanes about new varieties of …
- … This was confirmed by one of his correspondents. A clerk, George Frederick Crawte, recounted a …
- … transit of Venus on an expedition to Queensland, Australia. George’s recent work had been highly …
- … Robert Stawell Ball that was printed in Nature declared George ‘the discoverer of tidal …
- … the great judges think highly of the work … I believe that George will some day be a great …
- … family and close friends grew worried. Letters were sent to George, who was soon to return from …
- … 3 April 1882 ). He sent a cheque for a memorial to the late George Rolleston ( letter to H. N. …
- … carried him off the next day. Henrietta immediately wrote to George, who had visited Down on 11 …
- … a rare declaration on the origins of life to the chemist George Warington, who was keen to reconcile …
- … to remain each man’s private property’ ( letter to George Warington, 11 October [1867] ). …
- … One of Darwin’s other great loves, dogs, was indulged by George Cupples, a writer and experienced …
- … can assure you, we will all make much of him’ ( letter to George Cupples, 20 September [1870] ). …
- … steps’ ( letter to Alexander Agassiz, 28 August [1871] ; see also Correspondence vol. 19, …
- … was used by Darwin against his most aggressive critic, St George Jackson Mivart, who claimed that …
- … names to appear’ ( letter to Louisa Stevenson, 8 April 1871 ). It was Darwin’s name that was …
- … who had undertaken observations years earlier. In 1871, he had asked Henry Johnson to observe the …
- … vol. 19, letter to Henry Johnson, 23 December 1871 , and Earthworms , pp. 221–8). Darwin …
Fake Darwin: myths and misconceptions
Summary
Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, with full debunking below...
Matches: 1 hits
- … Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, …
Women as a scientific audience
Summary
Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…
Matches: 6 hits
- … 7177 - Cupples, G. to Darwin, [29 April 1870] George Cupples tells Darwin about a new …
- … Letter 7624 - Bathoe, M . B. to Darwin, [25 March 1871] Mary Bathoe responds …
- … Letter 7644 - Barnard, A. to Darwin, [30 March 1871] J. S. Henslow’s daughter, …
- … 7651 - Wedgwood, F. J. to Darwin, H. E., [1 April 1871] Frances Wedgwood offers …
- … 7411 - Pfeiffer, E. J. to Darwin, [before 26 April 1871] The poet Emily Pfeiffer …
- … Letter 8055 - Hennell, S. S. to Darwin, [7 November 1871] Sarah Hennell writes to Darwin …
Volume appendices
Summary
Here is a list of the appendices from the print volumes of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin with links to adapted online versions where they are available. Appendix I in each volume contains translations of letters in foreign languages and these can…
Darwin in letters, 1868: Studying sex
Summary
The quantity of Darwin’s correspondence increased dramatically in 1868 due largely to his ever-widening research on human evolution and sexual selection.Darwin’s theory of sexual selection as applied to human descent led him to investigate aspects of the…
Matches: 7 hits
- … in three parts in the Pall Mall Gazette , was by George Henry Lewes, well-known in London’s …
- … very fruitful. On 1 May , Darwin received a letter from George Cupples, who was encouraged to …
- … advice from the entomologist and librarian at Cambridge, George Robert Crotch, writing to his mother …
- … Darwin passed Wallace’s pages over to his son George, now a Cambridge-trained mathematician, who …
- … the expression of natives faces as I meet them,’ wrote George Henry Kendrick Thwaites on 1 April …
- … for fellowship of the Linnean Society ( letter from George Bentham, [after 29 September 1868] ). …
- … now in life’. In January, the family learned the news that George’s performance on the mathematical …
