To L. C. Wedgwood 8 June [1867–72]
Summary
Asks her to observe whether her dog exposes his teeth when barking and to think of any facts about expression in her birds.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Lucy Caroline Wedgwood; Lucy Caroline Harrison |
Date: | 8 June [1867-72] |
Classmark: | CUL (Add 4251: 334) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-7223 |
To A. R. Wallace 7 March [1867]
Summary
Grateful for addresses of informants, especially that of Rajah James Brooke.
Dispatch of queries on expression. Answers will make interesting appendix to his "Essay on man" [Descent].
Protective adaptation of female butterflies believed probable.
Believes in sexual selection as applied to man.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Alfred Russel Wallace |
Date: | 7 Mar [1867] |
Classmark: | The British Library (Add 46434 ff. 20–20v) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5992 |
From Karl von Scherzer 21 November 1867
Summary
Sends copy of book containing measurements taken of individuals of different races during voyage of Novara [Karl Heinrich von Scherzer, ed., Reise der Fregatte "Novara", Anthropologischer Theil (1867)].
Asks for scientific advice concerning newly planned expedition.
Says Carl Vogt plans to use data from book in lectures.
Author: | Karl von Scherzer |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 21 Nov 1867 |
Classmark: | DAR 177: 49 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5691 |
To William Bowman 30 July [1867]
Summary
Plans to write a book on expression. Questions WB on orbicular muscle in screaming infant and function of muscle contractions in looking at a distant object.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | William Bowman, 1st baronet |
Date: | 30 July [1867] |
Classmark: | DAR 261.11: 8 (EH 8820 6060) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5589 |
From J. V. Carus 5 April 1867
Summary
JVC is willing to translate [Variation], especially because of his conviction that progress of biology depends on proving CD’s theory.
Ernst Haeckel’s book [Generelle Morphologie (1866)] will do mischief because EH is so immoderate. Suggests CD tell EH that he has done him a bad service. CD is the only one to whom EH would listen.
Author: | Julius Victor Carus |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 5 Apr 1867 |
Classmark: | DAR 161: 58 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5489 |
To Asa Gray 15 April [1867]
Summary
Thanks AG for his trouble about expression queries; wishes he had thought earlier of having them printed.
Is "plodding on" correcting Variation
and getting "a little amusement" from plant experiments. Oxalis is trimorphic like Lythrum.
Is continuing his experiments on seedling vigour.
Has heard hybrid potatoes can be produced by joining halves of different tubers.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Asa Gray |
Date: | 15 Apr [1867] |
Classmark: | Gray Herbarium of Harvard University (97) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5442 |
From Hensleigh Wedgwood [1867–72]
Author: | Hensleigh Wedgwood |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [1867–72] |
Classmark: | DAR 181: 53 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-7041 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … with a view to publishing between 1867 and 1872. CD used the phrase ‘in a brown study’ for …
From F. J. Wedgwood to H. E. Darwin? [1867–72]
Author: | Henrietta Emma Darwin; Henrietta Emma Litchfield |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [1867–72] |
Classmark: | DAR 181: 48 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-7061 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … with a view to publishing between 1867 and 1872. CD cited this passage in Expression , p. …
From A. R. Wallace 11 March [1867]
Summary
ARW responds to CD’s list of queries about expression. Suggests acquiring informants through publishing the queries in newspapers. His doubts about their importance.
Has submitted caterpillar question to Entomological Society.
Author: | Alfred Russel Wallace |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 11 Mar [1867] |
Classmark: | DAR 106: B24, B45; DAR 82: A22 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5437 |
To William Turner 11 February [1867]
Summary
Thanks WT for information.
Will not include chapter on man in Variation but plans separate essay in future.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | William Turner |
Date: | 11 Feb [1867] |
Classmark: | DAR 148: 155 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5398 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1872. Variation : The variation of animals and …
From Frederick F. Geach June 1867
Summary
Encloses observations on Malays who have not had communication with Europeans [in answer to CD’s queries about expression].
Author: | Frederick F. Geach |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | June 1867 |
Classmark: | DAR 165: 21 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5557 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1872. Kennedy, Joseph. 1962. A history of Malaya …
To Charles Lyell 18 July [1867]
Summary
Chapter 12 [of Variation] finished;
too late to include information on six-fingered men. Plans for book on man [Descent].
Mentions coral reefs of Tahiti.
Discusses volcanic islands; volcanoes of the Cordillera.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Charles Lyell, 1st baronet |
Date: | 18 July [1867] |
Classmark: | American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.331) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5584 |
From S. E. Wedgwood [1867–72?]
Summary
Jessie [Wedgwood] says driving in sun made one of her eyes water.
Author: | Sarah Elizabeth (Elizabeth) Wedgwood |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [1867–72?] |
Classmark: | DAR 195.4: 104 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13856 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … a view to publishing between 1867 and 1872. DAR 195 contains CD’s notes on expression. …
From Samuel Wilson to Ferdinand von Mueller 12 November 1867
Author: | Samuel Wilson |
Addressee: | Ferdinand Jakob Heinrich (Ferdinand) von Mueller |
Date: | 12 Nov 1867 |
Classmark: | DAR 181: 129 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5677 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … of the emotions in man and animals. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1872. …
To James Samuelson 12 October [1867]
Summary
Thanks for Quarterly Journal of Science 4 (1867). Has just read Wallace’s admirable article in last number ["Creation by law", Q. J. Sci. 4 (1867): 471–88]. He is a master of clear argument.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | James Samuelson |
Date: | 12 Oct [1867] |
Classmark: | Paul V. Galvin Library, Illinois Institute of Technology |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5647 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … 1865. 7th edition, 1868. 8th edition, 1872. 9th edition, 1875. 10th edition, 1879. 11th …
From Louisa Frances Kempson to Emma Darwin 20 June 1867
Author: | Louisa Frances Wedgwood; Louisa Frances Kempson |
Addressee: | Emma Wedgwood; Emma Darwin |
Date: | 20 June 1867 |
Classmark: | DAR 169: 4 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5572 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … of the emotions in man and animals. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1872. …
To A. R. Wallace 26 February [1867]
Summary
ARW’s explanation of protective value of conspicuous coloration is ingenious.
CD still holds to sexual selection with respect to beauty in male butterflies.
Sexual selection and the races of man.
Expression of emotions is another subject he plans to include in his essay [Descent].
Asks ARW to suggest an observer in Malay Archipelago to whom he might send queries [on expression].
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Alfred Russel Wallace |
Date: | 26 Feb [1867] |
Classmark: | The British Library (Add 46434, f. 76) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5420 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … of the emotions in man and animals. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1872. …
To B. J. Sulivan 15 January [1867]
Summary
Thanks BJS for W. H. Stirling’s answers [to queries about expression]
and for information on cattle and breeding of dogs.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Bartholomew James Sulivan |
Date: | 15 Jan [1867] |
Classmark: | Sulivan family (private collection) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5365 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1872. Variation : The variation of animals and …
From F. J. Wedgwood [1867–72]
Summary
Extract from Seneca’s letters establishes that hiding the face in shame was not a classical gesture.
Author: | Frances Julia (Snow) Wedgwood |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [1867–72] |
Classmark: | DAR 195.1: 53 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-7062 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … with a view to publishing between 1867 and 1872. CD cited this passage in Expression , p. …
From James Paget 9 July 1867
Summary
Will seek answers to CD’s questions on expression. Observing patients’ blushing. Is CD interested in the platysma during screaming under chloroform?
Author: | James Paget, 1st baronet |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 9 July 1867 |
Classmark: | DAR 174: 6 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-5582 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1872. ODNB : Oxford dictionary of national biography: …
letter | (42) |
Darwin, C. R. | (16) |
Haast, Julius von | (2) |
Rothrock, J. T. | (2) |
Wedgwood, F. J. | (2) |
Barber, M. E. | (1) |
Darwin, C. R. | (20) |
Gray, Asa | (3) |
Turner, William | (3) |
Wallace, A. R. | (3) |
Müller, Fritz | (2) |
Darwin, C. R. | (36) |
Turner, William | (4) |
Wallace, A. R. | (4) |
Gray, Asa | (3) |
Wedgwood, F. J. | (3) |
Darwin in letters, 1872: Job done?
Summary
'My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, 'is so nearly closed. . . What little more I can do, shall be chiefly new work’, and the tenor of his correspondence throughout the year is one of wistful reminiscence, coupled with a keen eye…
Matches: 29 hits
- … ‘My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, ‘is so nearly closed. . . What little more I can …
- … as evolution’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 27 July [1872] ). By the end of the year Darwin …
- … s. 6 d. ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 12 February 1872 ). Always closely involved in …
- … translator ( letter to J. J. Moulinié, 23 September 1872 ). He recapped the history of the French …
- … of the year ( letter from C.-F. Reinwald, 23 November 1872 ). To persuade his US publisher, …
- … Mivart ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 11 January [1872] ). A worsening breach The …
- … beautiful’ ( letter from A. R. Wallace, 3 March 1872 ). I consider that you have …
- … Darwin ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 5 January 1872 ). Piqued, Mivart flung back by return of post …
- … errors’ ( letter from St G. J. Mivart, 6 January 1872 ). Darwin likened the affair to the …
- … towards me’ ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 8 January [1872] ). Despite Darwin’s request that he …
- … world’ ( letter from St G. J. Mivart, 10 January 1872 ). Darwin, determined to have the last …
- … acknowledge it ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 11 January [1872] ). 'I hate controversy,’ Darwin …
- … I do it badly’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 3 August [1872] ). Darwin's theories under …
- … the world moves!’ ( letter from Mary Treat, 13 December 1872 ). 'Here is a bee' …
- … it at least in part ( letter to August Weismann, 5 April 1872 ). ‘I wanted some encouragement’, he …
- … to believe it’ ( letter to Herman Müller, [before 5 May 1872] ). Müller had sent him a …
- … of natural and sexual selection to bees (H. Müller 1872), and with his reply Darwin enclosed an …
- … standing’ ( letter to Hermann Müller, [before 5 May 1872] ). Finishing Expression …
- … doing nothing’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 22 October [1872] ). He was far from idle during their …
- … to be more erect’ ( letter to Briton Riviere, 19 May [1872] ). Riviere had been suggested to …
- … clever book’ ( letter to J. M. Herbert, 21 November 1872 ) and invited Butler to dinner the …
- … from Samuel Butler to Francis Darwin, [before 30 May 1872] , and letter from Samuel Butler, 30 …
- … feels no doubts’ ( letter to F. C. Donders, 17 June 1872 ). Right up to the beginning of June, …
- … Buckley Litchfield ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 13 May 1872 ). Delivery to the press brought only …
- … myself’ ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 25 July 1872 ). A battle for the independence of …
- … partisan reply ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 May 1872 ). On 13 June, a messenger arrived in …
- … to letter from John Lubbock to W. E. Gladstone, 20 June 1872 ). Darwin was quietly using his …
- … an old honest Tory’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 July [1872] ). Darwin and Wallace: …
- … Wallace’s defence ( letter to Nature , 3 August [1872] ). Although the two men were …
Diagrams and drawings in letters
Summary
Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…
New features for Charles Darwin's 208th birthday
Summary
The website has been updated with an interactive timeline (try it!) and enhanced secondary school resources for ages 11-14. What's more, the full texts of the letters for 1872 are now online for the first time, and a selection of Darwin's…
Darwin’s queries on expression
Summary
When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…
Referencing women’s work
Summary
Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, but whether and how they were acknowledged in print involved complex considerations of social standing, professional standing, and personal preference.…
Matches: 7 hits
- … Letter 8321 - Darwin to Litchfield, H. E., [13 May 1872] Darwin consults his …
- … Letter 7345 - Wedgwood, L. C. to Darwin, [15 June 1872] Darwin’s niece, Lucy, reports …
- … Letter 8427 - Darwin to Litchfield H. E., [25 July 1872] Darwin thanks Henrietta for …
- … 8168 - Ruck, A. R. to Darwin, H., [20 January 1872] Amy Ruck reports the results …
- … 8193 - Ruck, A. R. to Darwin, H., [1 February 1872] Amy Ruck sends a second …
- … Letter 8224 - Darwin to Ruck, A. R., [24 February 1872] Darwin asks his …
- … Letter 7345 - Wedgwood, L. C. to Darwin, [15 June 1872] Darwin’s niece, Lucy, reports …
Women’s scientific participation
Summary
Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…
Matches: 9 hits
- … Letter 8676 - Treat, M. to Darwin, [13 December 1872] Mary Treat details her …
- … Letter 8683 - Roberts, D. to Darwin, [17 December 1872] Dora Roberts reports an …
- … 8144 - Darwin to Wedgwood, L. C., [5 January 1872] Darwin asks his niece, Lucy, …
- … 8168 - Ruck, A. R . to Darwin, H., [20 January 1872] Amy Ruck reports the results …
- … Letter 8224 - Darwin to Ruck, A. R., [24 February 1872] Darwin asks his …
- … Letter 8169 - Wedgwood, L. to Darwin, [20 January, 1872] Darwin’s niece, Lucy, gives the …
- … 8427 - Darwin to Litc hfield, H. E., [25 July 1872] Darwin thanks Henrietta for …
- … 8153 - Darwin to Darwin, W. E., [9 January 1872] Darwin thanks his son William …
- … Letter 8676 - Treat, M. to Darwin, [13 December 1872] Mary Treat details her …
Capturing Darwin’s voice: audio of selected letters
Summary
On a sunny Wednesday in June 2011 in a makeshift recording studio somewhere in Cambridge, we were very pleased to welcome Terry Molloy back to the Darwin Correspondence Project for a special recording session. Terry, known for his portrayal of Davros in Dr…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Lydia Becker, 2 August 1863 ; to Mary Treat, 5 January 1872 ). Click on the play …
Language: key letters
Summary
How and why language evolved bears on larger questions about the evolution of the human species, and the relationship between man and animals. Darwin presented his views on the development of human speech from animal sounds in The Descent of Man (1871),…
Survival of the fittest: the trouble with terminology Part II
Summary
The most forceful and persistent critic of the term ‘natural selection’ was the co-discoverer of the process itself, Alfred Russel Wallace. Wallace seized on Herbert Spencer’s term ‘survival of the fittest’, explicitly introduced as an alternative way of…
Matches: 1 hits
- … the fittest’ as ‘survival of the better’ (see Spencer 1872, and the letter to Herbert Spencer, 10 …
Women as a scientific audience
Summary
Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…
Darwin as mentor
Summary
Darwin provided advice, encouragement and praise to his fellow scientific 'labourers' of both sexes. Selected letters Letter 2234 - Darwin to Unidentified, [5 March 1858] Darwin advises that Professor C. P. Smyth’s observations are not…
Have you read the one about....
Summary
... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some serious - but all letters you can read here.
Matches: 1 hits
- … ... the atheistical cats, or the old fogies in Cambridge? We've suggested a few - some funny, some …
4.13 'Fun' cartoon by Griset, 'Emotional'
Summary
< Back to Introduction Ernest Griset’s drawing titled ‘Emotional!’ was published in Fun magazine on 23 November 1872, and is another skit referring to Darwin’s recently published Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. A hippopotamus had been…
Thomas Rivers
Summary
Rivers and Darwin exchanged around 30 letters, most in 1863 when Darwin was hard at work on the manuscript of Variation of plants and animals under domestication, the lengthy and detailed sequel to Origin of species. Rivers, an experienced plant breeder…
Matches: 1 hits
- … for the prosperity I have long enjoyed” ( 29 March 1872 ). …
4.5 William Beard, comic painting
Summary
< Back to Introduction In June 1872, Darwin’s friend Asa Gray, the Harvard Professor of Botany, sent him a print or photograph of a comic painting by the American artist William Holbrook Beard. Titled The Youthful Darwin Expounding His Theories, it…
Matches: 3 hits
Earthworms
Summary
As with many of Darwin’s research topics, his interest in worms spanned nearly his entire working life. Some of his earliest correspondence about earthworms was written and received in the 1830s, shortly after his return from his Beagle voyage, and his…
Climbing Plants
Summary
Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment A monograph by which to work After the publication of On the Origin of Species, Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, The Descent of Man, and The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals in…
Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year
Summary
The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…
Matches: 3 hits
3.16 Oscar Rejlander, photos
Summary
< Back to Introduction Darwin’s plans for the illustration of his book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872) led him to the Swedish-born painter and photographer, Oscar Gustaf Rejlander. Rejlander gave Darwin the notes that he had…
Matches: 4 hits
- … book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872) led him to the Swedish-born …
- … him in May, August and October 1871, and in March and August 1872, but some of these payments, and …
- … April 1871, and reproduced in the London Journal in June 1872. Darwin also sent it to various …
- … one of Huxley, in The London Journal , 55:1426 (8 June 1872), p. 357, illustrating an article …
4.20 Frederick Waddy, caricature
Summary
< Back to Introduction A series of portrait caricatures drawn by Frederick Waddy appeared in the journal Once a Week through 1872. It clearly emulated the more famous series in Vanity Fair, and indeed, Waddy’s drawing of Darwin has the same title or…