Bad Request
Your browser sent a request that this server could not understand.
Apache Server at dcp-public.lib.cam.ac.uk Port 443
Search:
in keywords
30 Items
Darwin in letters, 1867: A civilised dispute
Summary
Charles Darwin’s major achievement in 1867 was the completion of his large work, The variation of animals and plants under domestication (Variation). The importance of Darwin’s network of correspondents becomes vividly apparent in his work on expression in…
Matches: 16 hits
- … Charles Darwin’s major achievement in 1867 was the completion of his large work, …
- … publisher in the final week of 1866. It would take all of 1867 to correct proofs, and just when …
- … selection in forming human races, and there was also to be a chapter on the meaning and cause of the …
- … ), published in 1871, and the chapter on expression into a book, The expression of the emotions in …
- … who might best answer the questions, with the result that Darwin began to receive replies from …
- … Variation would be based on proof-sheets received as Darwin corrected them. Closer to home, two …
- … orchids are fertilised by insects ( Orchids ). While Darwin privately gave detailed opinions of …
- … transmutation theory. Three important new correspondents in 1867 were Hermann Müller and Anton Dohrn …
- … the New Year’s greeting, ‘may you be eupeptic through 1867 & your friends & the world in …
- … publisher, John Murray, he wrote to Murray on 3 January 1867 , ‘I cannot tell you how sorry I am …
- … for selling a Book’ ( letter to John Murray, 31 January [1867] ). A week later, Darwin had …
- … the additional chapter. In a letter written on 8 February [1867] to his close friend, Joseph …
- … Darwin’s time. The first proof-sheets arrived on 1 March 1867 and the tedious work of correction …
- … . In a letter to his son William dated 27 [March 1867] , he admitted, ‘I fear the book is by no …
- … her, & as it seems very unjustly’ ( letter to W. E. Darwin, 27 [March 1867] ). Unfortunately, …
- … are excellent, excellent, excellent’ ( letter to H. E. Darwin, 26 July [1867] ). The year ended as …
Darwin’s queries on expression
Summary
When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…
Matches: 24 hits
- … When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect …
- … expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to …
- … was the collection of observations on a global scale. Darwin was especially interested in peoples …
- … cultural and conventional, or instinctive and universal. Darwin used his existing correspondence …
- … and with the mouth a little drawn back at the corners?” Darwin’s questionnaire was an extension of …
- … was also carefully devised so as to prevent the feelings of Darwin’s remote observers from colouring …
- … and not the susceptibilities of a moral nature.” Darwin did not typically countenance such …
- … the collection of information to its display in print. After Darwin received all of the replies to …
- … except “yes” or “no.” “The same state of mind” Darwin would later assert in Expression of the …
- … uniformity.” Table of Correspondence about Darwin’s Questionnaire (click on the letter …
- … Barber, Mary E. [after Feb 1867] [Grahamstown, Cape …
- … Bowker, J.H. [10 Dec 1867] [Cape of Good Hope (South …
- … Bowman, William 5 Aug 1867 5 Clifford St, London, …
- … Fuegians Brooke, C.A.J. 30 Nov 1870 …
- … Dyaks Brooke, C.A.J. 30 April 1871 …
- … Darwin, Francis 20 June 1867 Unknown? …
- … Erskine, H. N. B. 1 Nov 1867 [Ahmednuggur, Bombay, …
- … Gaika, Christian 7 July 1867 Bedford [Cape of Good …
- … Geach, F.F. June 1867 Johore, Malaysia …
- … Gibbs, George 31 March 1867 Smithsonian Institution, …
- … Gray, Asa 26 March 1867 Cambridge, Massachusetts, …
- … Haast, J.F.J. von 12 May - 2 June 1867 Christchurch, …
- … aborigines Lubbock, E.F. [1867-8?] …
- … from Dr. C. Browne Meyer, A.B. 25 April …
Cross and self fertilisation
Summary
The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…
Matches: 18 hits
- … kingdom , published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide …
- … on plants with two or three different forms of flowers, Darwin had focused on the anatomical and …
- … of different forms of pollen. Although many plants that Darwin observed had flowers with adaptations …
- … rates, growth, and constitutional vigour. Although Darwin was no stranger to long months and years …
- … … is highly remarkable’ In September 1866, Darwin announced to the American botanist …
- … several years ( To Édouard Bornet, 1 December 1866 ). Darwin began a series of experiments, …
- … access to flowers was only the tip of the iceberg. Darwin next focused on the California …
- … unnoticed, had it existed in all individuals of such a common garden plant. Perhaps in the case of …
- … conditions’ ( From Fritz Müller, 1 December 1866 ). Darwin’s interest was piqued and he described …
- … ( To Fritz Müller, [late December 1866 and] 1 January 1867 ). The following year, his experiments …
- … when self-fertilised, although fewer than crossed plants. Darwin sent some of these seeds to Müller, …
- … [1868] ). Müller, in turn, sent seeds from his plants to Darwin and both men continued to …
- … generations. In June 1869, Müller remarked, on receiving a new batch of seeds from Darwin, ‘that it …
- … plants’ ( To Fritz Müller, 12 May 1870 ). From a fairly early stage in his experimental …
- … to the conditions that might affect his results. In March 1867, he told his close friend Joseph …
- … two distinct plants’ ( To J. D. Hooker, 17 March [1867] ). He noted another factor in a letter to …
- … & so have been rarely crossed’ ( To Asa Gray, 15 April [1867] ). One of these ‘exotics’ was …
- … for part of the year ( To J. T. Moggridge, 1 October [1867] ). Darwin was beginning to suspect …
Women’s scientific participation
Summary
Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…
Matches: 17 hits
- … | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a …
- … Women: Letter 1194 - Darwin to Whitby, M. A. T., [12 August 1849] Darwin …
- … peculiarities in inheritance. Letter 3787 - Darwin, H. E. to Darwin, [29 October …
- … officinalis . Letter 5745 - Barber, M. E. to Darwin, [after February 1867] …
- … home in South Africa. Letter 6736 - Gray, A. & J. L to Darwin, [8 & 9 May …
- … to Darwin’s queries about Expression during a trip to Egypt. Letter 7223 …
- … January 1868] Darwin asks Thomas Huxley to pass on a questionnaire to his wife, Henrietta. …
- … 6535 - Vaughan Williams , M. S. to Darwin, H. E., [after 14 October 1869] Darwin’s …
- … of wormholes. Letter 8611 - Cupples, A. J. to Darwin, E., [8 November1872] …
- … her niece’s ears. Letter 8701 - Lubbock, E. F . to Darwin, [1873] Ellen …
- … insects. Men: Letter 2221 - Blyth, E. to Darwin, [22 February 1858] …
- … Letter 5602 - Sutton, S. to Darwin, [8 August 1867] Sutton, the keeper of the …
- … 5705 - Haast, J. F. J. von to Darwin, [4 December 1867] Explorer and geologist Haast …
- … New Zealand. Letter 6453 - Langton, E. to Wedgwood, S. E., [9 November 1868] …
- … Letter 5585 - Darwin to Darwin, H. E., [26 July 1867] Darwin praises Henrietta’s …
- … Letter 5403 - Darwin to Carus, J. V. [17 February 1867] Darwin thanks Carus for his …
- … 5410 - Darwin to Muller, J. F. T., [22 February 1867] Darwin thanks Muller for …
Women as a scientific audience
Summary
Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…
Matches: 7 hits
- … Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those …
- … that his views are original and will appeal to the public. Darwin asks Murray to forward the …
- … and criticisms of style. Letter 2461 - Darwin to Hooker, J. D., [11 May 1859] …
- … obscure, even after it had been proofread and edited by “a lady”. Darwin, E. to Darwin, W …
- … Letter 7312 - Darwin to Darwin, F., [30 August 1867 - 70] Darwin asks his son, …
- … readership Letter 5391 - Becker, L. E. to Darwin, [6 February 1867] …
- … Letter 5712 - Dallas, W. S. to Darwin, [8 December 1867] Translator and author …
Darwin on race and gender
Summary
Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In Descent of man, he tried to explain the origin of human races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual…
Matches: 21 hits
- … Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with …
- … races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual …
- … in beetles. The unity of human species Darwin believed that the same process of sexual …
- … gradually increase those features over long periods of time. Darwin’s theory was based partly on the …
- … seemed to prevail across the globe. In Descent , Darwin also addressed widely held beliefs …
- … in effect separate species), and the fixity of racial types. A leading factor in disputes about …
- … of ‘species’, ‘varieties’, and ‘races’. Darwin argued forcefully for the unity of the human species, …
- … Gender and civilisation In his early notebooks, Darwin remarked that survival value or …
- … , B74). In his later writings on plants and animals, Darwin remained consistent on this point, and …
- … improvement, or design. However, when it came to humans, Darwin reintroduced the structure of …
- … and present, on the basis of their ‘civilization’. Here Darwin drew on contemporary anthropology, …
- … colonial conquests and expansion abroad. Thus, while Darwin’s views on race differed widely …
- … men, and of non-European peoples becoming ‘civilized’ (i.e. European). Of the three Yahgans who had …
- … ( Beagle diary , p. 143). He was delighted to receive a letter from an African correspondent …
- … Gaika as an authoritative observer in Expression . He had a number of women correspondents who …
- … 1865 Letter to J. P. M. Weale, 27 August [1867] Letter from J P. M. Weale, [10 …
- … Press. Desmond, Adrian and James Moore. 2009. Darwin's sacred cause . London: Allen …
- … British Journal of the History of Science 6: 9–23 [in a special issue on ‘Descent of Darwin: race, …
- … . New York: The Free Press. Voss, Julia. 2007, Darwin’s pictures: views of evolutionary …
- … with women Key letters : Letter to H. E. Darwin, [8 February 1870] …
- … Letter to [E. M. Dicey?], [1877] Letter to C. A. Kennard, 9 January 1882 …
Scientific Networks
Summary
Friendship|Mentors|Class|Gender In its broadest sense, a scientific network is a set of connections between people, places, and things that channel the communication of knowledge, and that substantially determine both its intellectual form and content,…
Matches: 17 hits
- … | Class | Gender In its broadest sense, a scientific network is a set of connections …
- … activities for building and maintaining such connections. Darwin's networks extended from his …
- … Bonds of friendship were very important in science in a period when strong institutional structures …
- … controversy, or personal loss. Letter writing was not only a means of sustaining such friendships …
- … section contains two sets of letters. The first is between Darwin and his friend Kew botanist J. D. …
- … about Hooker’s thoughts. Letter 729 — Darwin, C. R. to Hooker, J. D., [11 Jan 1844] …
- … not immutable. He admits to Hooker “it is like confessing a murder”. Letter 736 — …
- … and questions Gray on the alpine flora of the USA. He sends a list of plants from Gray’s Manual of …
- … C. R. to Gray, Asa, 20 July [1857] Darwin writes a challenging letter to Gray, saying: “But my …
- … why he believes species of the same genus generally have a common or continuous area; they are …
- … Letter 5457 — Müller, H. L. H. to Darwin, C. R., 23 Mar 1867 Müller explains how Origin …
- … 5471 — Darwin, C. R. to Müller, H. L. H., 29 Mar [1867] Darwin learns that German botanist …
- … Letter 5481 — Müller, H. L. H. to Darwin, C. R., 1 Apr [1867] Müller thanks Darwin for the …
- … Letter 5657 — Müller, H. L. H. to Darwin, C. R., 23 Oct 1867 Müller thanks Darwin for the …
- … . Letter 4260a — Darwin, C. R. to Becker, L. E., 2 Aug [1863] Darwin thanks Lydia …
- … Letter 5585 — Darwin, C. R. to Darwin, H. E., 26 July [1867] Darwin writes to his daughter …
- … Letter 5745 — Barber, M. E. to Darwin, C. R., [after Feb 1867] In this letter, naturalist, …
Controversy
Summary
The best-known controversies over Darwinian theory took place in public or in printed reviews. Many of these were highly polemical, presenting an over-simplified picture of the disputes. Letters, however, show that the responses to Darwin were extremely…
Matches: 17 hits
- … Disagreement & Respect | Conduct of Debate | Darwin & Wallace The best-known …
- … the disputes. Letters, however, show that the responses to Darwin were extremely variable. Many of …
- … sharp theoretical differences with him; on the other hand, a number of his public critics assisted …
- … and support sustained in spite of enduring differences. Darwin's correspondence can thus help …
- … Disagreement and Respect Darwin rarely engaged with critics publically. Letters exchanged …
- … Richard Owen, the eminent comparative anatomist, show how Darwin tried to manage strong disagreement …
- … were less severe, the relationship quickly deteriorated and Darwin came to regard him as a bitter …
- … but he assures Sedgwick he does not send his book out of a spirit of bravado, but a want of respect. …
- … “grand principle natural selection ” is “but a secondary consequence of supposed, or known, …
- … Nov [1859] Darwin says Sedgwick could not have paid him a more honourable compliment than …
- … of his book. He is grieved “to have shocked a man whom I sincerely honour”. He mentions that he has …
- … says to Darwin he will welcome his work [ Origin ] with a “close & continuous perusal”. He …
- … London Professor of geology, Charles Lyell at length a conversation with Owen concerning Origin . …
- … unfriendly manner. Darwin remarks that Owen accepted a relationship between bears and whales: “By …
- … Letter 5500 — Darwin, C. R. to Haeckel, E. P. A., 12 Apr [1867] Darwin is sympathetic to …
- … the attacked person. Letter 5533 — Haeckel, E. P. A. to Darwin, C. R., 12 May 1867 …
- … 5544 — Darwin, C. R. to Haeckel, E. P. A., 21 May [1867] Darwin discusses his previous …
Referencing women’s work
Summary
Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, but whether and how they were acknowledged in print involved complex considerations of social standing, professional standing, and personal preference.…
Matches: 14 hits
- … Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, …
- … Animal intelligence referred to the contributions of 'a young lady, who objects to her name …
- … throughout Variation . Letter 2395 - Darwin to Holland, Miss, [April 1860] …
- … anonymised and masculinised. Letter 3316 - Darwin to Nevill, D. F., [12 November …
- … Nevill is referenced by name for her “kindness” in Darwin’s Fertilisation of Orchids . …
- … Letter 7060 - Wedgwood, F. J. to Darwin, [1867 - 72] Darwin’s niece, Frances, …
- … Letter 7223 - Darwin to Wedgwood, L. C., [9 June 1867 - 72] Darwin asks his niece to …
- … by numerous women of their infants are not referenced in a section of Expression on ‘the …
- … was novelist Elizabeth Gaskell for her description of a crying baby in Mary Barton. …
- … Mould and Earthworms but she was identified only as “a lady, on whose accuracy I can implicitly …
- … near his house. Letter 8168 - Ruck, A. R. to Darwin, H., [20 January 1872] …
- … activity undertaken around Machynlleth in Wales. She has dug a number of trenches, measured soil …
- … fields of North Wales. Letter 8193 - Ruck, A. R. to Darwin, H., [1 February …
- … . Letter 12745 - Darwin to Wedgwood, K. E. S., [8 October 1880] Darwin …
Religion
Summary
Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…
Matches: 13 hits
- … the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same …
- … nineteenth century were different in important ways. Many of Darwin's leading supporters were …
- … their religious beliefs with evolutionary theory. Darwin's own writing, both in print and …
- … although he tended to avoid the subject as much as possible. A number of correspondents tried to …
- … political contexts. Design Darwin was not the first to challenge …
- … on the controversial topic of design. The first is between Darwin and Harvard botanist Asa Gray, …
- … Gray and tells him Origin has “stirred up the mud with a vengeance”; Gray and three or four …
- … for the attention now given to the subject. He poses Gray a question on design in nature, as he is …
- … He also discusses his views on design. He shares a witty thought experiment about an angel. …
- … Letter 5307 — Darwin, C. R. to Boole, M. E., 14 Dec 1866 Darwin believes he is unable to …
- … Letter 8070 — Darwin, C. R. to Abbot, F. E., 16 Nov [1871] Darwin explains why he must …
- … Letter 5565 — Kingsley, Charles to Darwin, C. R., 6 June 1867 Clergyman Charles Kingsley …
- … 5648 — Darwin, C. R. to Wallace, A. R., 12–13 Oct [1867] Darwin thinks naturalist A. R. …
Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small
Summary
In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…
Matches: 21 hits
- … In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous …
- … chlorophyll by examining thin slices of plant tissue under a microscope. When not experimenting, he …
- … for scientific colleagues or their widows facing hardship. Darwin had suffered from poor health …
- … more weak than usual. To Lawson Tait, he remarked, ‘I feel a very old man, & my course is nearly …
- … early April, he was being carried upstairs with the aid of a special chair. The end came on 19 April …
- … 1881. But some of his scientific friends quickly organised a campaign for Darwin to have greater …
- … Botanical observation and experiment had long been Darwin’s greatest scientific pleasure. The year …
- … to Fritz Müller, 4 January 1882 ). These were topics that Darwin had been investigating for years, …
- … working at the effects of Carbonate of Ammonia on roots,’ Darwin wrote, ‘the chief result being that …
- … the nature of their contents, if immersed for some hours in a weak solution of C. of Ammonia’. …
- … London on 6 and 16 March, respectively. In January, Darwin corresponded with George John …
- … vol. 28, letter from Arthur de Souza Corrêa, 20 October 1880 , and Correspondence vol. 29, …
- … the flowers & experimentising on them’ ( letter to J. E. Todd, 10 April 1882 ). While …
- … he is a good deal depressed about himself’ (letter from H. E. Litchfield to G. H. Darwin, 17 March …
- … is very calm but she has cried a little’ (letter from H. E. Litchfield to G. H. Darwin, [19 April …
- … overflowing in tenderness’ (letter from Emma Darwin to W. E. Darwin, 10 May 1882 (DAR 219.1: 150)). …
- … he had witnessed an earthquake in 1835 ( letter from R. E. Alison, [March–July 1835 ]). …
- … without any mercy’ ( letter from Emma Wedgwood to F. E. E. Wedgwood, [28 October 1836] , letter …
- … Lyell had been a strong advocate of common descent. In 1867, Lyell expressed his enthusiasm for …
- … of the organic world ( letter from Charles Lyell, 16 July 1867 ). In the same year, Darwin made a …
- … property’ ( letter to George Warington, 11 October [1867] ). Respecting the privacy of …
Darwin in public and private
Summary
Extracts from Darwin's published works, in particular Descent of man, and selected letters, explore Darwin's views on the operation of sexual selection in humans, and both his publicly and privately expressed views on its practical implications…
Matches: 10 hits
- … The following extracts and selected letters explore Darwin's views on the operation of sexual …
- … selected extracts [ View full extracts in a PDF ] 1) “And this leads me to say a few …
- … p. 88. 2) “There is one other point deserving a fuller notice. It has long been known that in …
- … courageous, pugnacious, and energetic than woman, and has a more inventive genius…” Descent …
- … powers of the two sexes is shewn by man attaining to a higher eminence, in whatever he takes up, …
- … and mind than woman, and in the savage state he keeps her in a far more abject state of bondage than …
- … Selected letters Letter 1113 - Darwin to Whitby, M. A. T., [2 September 1847] …
- … of dark eyebrows. Letter 489 – Darwin to Wedgwood, E., [20 January 1859] …
- … impeding general perusal. Letter 8146 – Darwin to Treat, M., [5 January 1872] …
- … Letter 10746 – Darwin to Dicey, E. M., [1877] Darwin gives his opinion on the …
Race, Civilization, and Progress
Summary
Darwin's first reflections on human progress were prompted by his experiences in the slave-owning colony of Brazil, and by his encounters with the Yahgan peoples of Tierra del Fuego. Harsh conditions, privation, poor climate, bondage and servitude,…
Matches: 20 hits
- … Letters | Selected Readings Darwin's first reflections on human progress were …
- … human progress or cause degeneration. In the "Fuegians", Darwin thought he had witnessed …
- … homeland by Robert FitzRoy several years earlier as part of a missionary enterprise. Darwin was …
- … been returned to their native land. After the voyage, Darwin began to question the …
- … toward increased complexity and variety, he suggested, was a bi-product of the abundance of life; …
- … After the publication of Origin of Species , many of Darwin's supporters continued to …
- … or extermination of other peoples and cultures. When Darwin wrote about the human races and …
- … on human and animal behavior accumulated over three decades. Darwin argued forcefully for the unity …
- … moral powers. The "grade of civilization", he wrote, "seems a most important element …
- … and beyond. Letters Darwin’s first observations of the peoples …
- … Cambridge, John Stevens Henslow. Letter 204 : Darwin to Henslow, J. S., 11 April 1833 …
- … Charles wrote to his sister, Emily Catherine Darwin, about witnessing slavery in the Portuguese …
- … effect in the following year. Letter 206 : Darwin to Darwin, E. C., 22 May [– 14 July] …
- … shown at elections, has been rising against Slavery.— What a proud thing for England, if she is the …
- … be altered; the only alteration I am aware of is forming a much higher estimate of the Negros …
- … descent. Letter 4933 : Farrar, F. W. to Darwin, 6 November 1865 "so …
- … have remained unaltered for say 5000 years—is not this a very strong argument for the Polygenist? …
- … Letter 5617 , Darwin to Weale, J. P. M., 27 August [1867] "You have been extremely …
- … Letter 5722 , Weale, J. P. M. to Darwin, [10 December 1867] "You speak sanguinely …
- … Primary Charles Darwin, Notebooks, B 18-29; E 95-7 [ available at Darwinonline ] …
Darwin in letters, 1868: Studying sex
Summary
The quantity of Darwin’s correspondence increased dramatically in 1868 due largely to his ever-widening research on human evolution and sexual selection.Darwin’s theory of sexual selection as applied to human descent led him to investigate aspects of the…
Matches: 11 hits
- … On 6 March 1868, Darwin wrote to the entomologist and accountant John Jenner Weir, ‘If any …
- … and sexual selection. In Origin , pp. 87–90, Darwin had briefly introduced the concept of …
- … or in satisfying female preference in the mating process. In a letter to Alfred Russel Wallace in …
- … to the stridulation of crickets. At the same time, Darwin continued to collect material on …
- … his immediate circle of friends and relations. In July 1868 Darwin was still anticipating that his …
- … which was devoted to sexual selection in the animal kingdom. Darwin described his thirst for …
- … early as 1865, the two-volume work appeared in January 1868. A final delay caused by the indexing …
- … the text. This increased the amount of work substantially. Darwin asked Murray to intervene, …
- … prepared to throw the Index overboard … though it would be a great loss to the Book’. But Darwin’s …
- … emotional expression. His questionnaire, first sent out in 1867, was circulated to remote parts of …
- … and had himself watched elephants cry (letters to W. E. Darwin, [15 March 1868] and 8 April …
Was Darwin an ecologist?
Summary
One of the most fascinating aspects of Charles Darwin’s correspondence is the extent to which the experiments he performed at his home in Down, in the English county of Kent, seem to prefigure modern scientific work in ecology.
Matches: 20 hits
- … I gave two seeds to a confounded old cock, but his gizzard ground them up; at least I cd. not find …
- … merely by birds accidentally dropping them. The case is a sore puzzle to me.— Charles …
- … or regurgitated by birds with non-muscular gizzards (e.g. toucans) would have lower germination …
- … One of the most fascinating aspects of Charles Darwin’s correspondence is the extent to which the …
- … work in ecology. Despite the difference in language between Darwin’s letter and the modern …
- … in seeds that have no nutritive value. Other subjects that Darwin worked on at Down also have …
- … from the ones we tend to take for granted today. Ecology as a discipline did not then exist: even …
- … was becoming well enough established in universities that Darwin’s ‘held together with a piece of …
- … explained’ (quoted in Chadarevian 1996, pp. 17–18). As a gentleman amateur, observing his …
- … between organisms over time – were highly innovative. Darwin’s own experiments challenged the old, …
- … and at the same time also challenged the notion that only a laboratory could serve as the place in …
- … tradition in the field. Modern ecology A great deal is wrapped up in our modern idea …
- … which draws on the other three strands just mentioned, is a broadly based political movement which …
- … it is an idea – or set of ideas – with many roots, and a correspondingly complex history. …
- … clearly did not mark an epoch in the history of science; Darwin and some of his correspondents …
- … to T. H. Huxley on 22 December 1866 . ‘He seems to have a passion for defining, I daresay very …
- … The word first appeared in English in E. Ray Lankester’s translation of Haeckel’s History of …
- … statesman and author. Campbell, George Douglas. 1867. The reign of law. London: Alexander …
- … Further reading Campbell, George Douglas. 1867. The reign of law . London: Alexander …
- … Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte . Translation revised by E. Ray Lankester. 2 vols. London: Henry S. …
3.5 William Darwin, photo 2
Summary
< Back to Introduction Darwin’s son William, who had become a banker in Southampton, took the opportunity of a short visit home to Down House in April 1864 to photograph his father afresh. This half-length portrait was the first to show Darwin with a…
Matches: 11 hits
- … < Back to Introduction Darwin’s son William, who had become a banker in Southampton, …
- … out’ for copies, and would be ‘enchanted’ by Darwin’s new persona. When Asa Gray received the …
- … from Christ’s College days, Benjamin Dann Walsh, thought Darwin looked little changed, except for …
- … Naudin also received copies of William’s photograph, Darwin explaining to the latter that he had ‘no …
- … bringing down the tables of the law to the Israelites, a newly unveiled mural in the House of …
- … features of ‘Ignorant’, ‘Insane’ and ‘Idiotic’. Darwin himself, in a letter of 1848, had jested that …
- … of course more fashionable, but the dramatic luxuriance of Darwin’s beard (untrimmed except round …
- … of technical polish and its blurred, shadowy tones, William Darwin’s photograph of his father was …
- … was a cause of later confusion). According to a letter from Darwin’s daughter Henrietta to her …
- … to the German edition of Origin published in 1867, again with a facsimile of Darwin’s signature, …
- … German edition, from 4 th English edition (Stuttgart: E. Schweizerbart, 1867), frontispiece …
Darwin in letters,1866: Survival of the fittest
Summary
The year 1866 began well for Charles Darwin, as his health, after several years of illness, was now considerably improved. In February, Darwin received a request from his publisher, John Murray, for a new edition of Origin. Darwin got the fourth…
Matches: 16 hits
- … The year 1866 began well for Charles Darwin, as his health, after several years of illness, was now …
- … all but the concluding chapter of the work was submitted by Darwin to his publisher in December. …
- … hypothesis of hereditary transmission. Debate about Darwin’s theory of transmutation …
- … of special creation on the basis of alleged evidence of a global ice age, while Asa Gray pressed …
- … for the Advancement of Science. Fuller consideration of Darwin’s work was given by Hooker in an …
- … the details of Hooker’s proposed talk formed the basis of a lengthy and lively exchange of letters …
- … frustrations were punctuated by family bereavement. Two of Darwin’s sisters died, Emily Catherine …
- … responded philosophically to these deaths, regarding both as a merciful release from painful illness …
- … after the startling apparition of your face at R.S. Soirèe—which I dreamed of 2 nights running. …
- … on those terms so you are in for it’ ( letter from H. E. Darwin, [ c . 10 May 1866] ). …
- … Georg Bronn, had been published in 1860 and 1863 by the firm E. Schweizerbart’sche …
- … began work on the new translation (Bronn and Carus trans. 1867), incorporating the revisions Darwin …
- … was ‘merely ordinaryly diœcious’ ( letter from W. E. Darwin, [7 May – 11 June 1866] ). On …
- … a case of dimorphic becoming diœcious’ ( letter from W. E. Darwin, 20 June [1866] ). Darwin …
- … I am well accustomed to such explosions’ ( letter to W. E. Darwin, 22 June [1866] ). He urged …
- … indeed at poor Susan’s loneliness’ ( letter from E. C. Langton to Emma and Charles Darwin, [6 and 7 …
Darwin in letters, 1869: Forward on all fronts
Summary
At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of Origin. He may have resented the interruption to his work on sexual selection and human evolution, but he spent forty-six days on the task. Much of the…
Matches: 14 hits
- … At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of …
- … appeared at the end of 1866 and had told his cousin William Darwin Fox, ‘My work will have to stop a …
- … views on all points will have to be modified.— Well it is a beginning, & that is something’ ( …
- … material on emotional expression. Yet the scope of Darwin’s interests remained extremely broad, and …
- … plants, and earthworms, subjects that had exercised Darwin for decades, and that would continue to …
- … Carl von Nägeli and perfectibility Darwin’s most substantial addition to Origin was a …
- … principal engine of change in the development of species. Darwin correctly assessed Nägeli’s theory …
- … in most morphological features (Nägeli 1865, p. 29). Darwin sent a manuscript of his response (now …
- … to J. D. Hooker, 13 January 1869 ). Hooker went straight to a crucial point: ‘I do not quite like …
- … ‘purely morphological’. The modern reader may well share Darwin’s uncertainty, but Nägeli evidently …
- … pp. 28–9). In further letters, Hooker tried to provide Darwin with botanical examples he could use …
- … problems of heredity Another important criticism that Darwin sought to address in the fifth …
- … prevailing theory of blending inheritance that Jenkin and Darwin both shared, would tend to be lost …
- … on the previous German edition (Bronn and Carus trans. 1867), as well as on the German translation …
Darwin in letters, 1877: Flowers and honours
Summary
Ever since the publication of Expression, Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers, his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the…
Matches: 23 hits
- … Ever since the publication of Expression , Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The …
- … spent completing Forms of flowers , his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the …
- … of bloom, each of these projects would culminate in a major publication. Darwin’s botany was …
- … assisted his father’s research on movement and bloom, and Darwin in turn encouraged his son’s own …
- … by his engagement to Sara Sedgwick, an American from a family that the Darwins had befriended. The …
- … from Germany, Austria, and the Netherlands. Closer to home, Darwin received an honorary Doctorate of …
- … sites for possible earthworm activity. Now in his 69th year, Darwin remained remarkably productive, …
- … no controversy. In his autobiographical reflections, Darwin remarked: ‘no little discovery of …
- … (‘Recollections’, p. 419). During the winter and spring, Darwin was busy preparing the manuscript of …
- … and presented to the Linnean Society of London. In the book, Darwin adopted the more recent term …
- … as dimorphic without comparing pollen-grains & stigmas’, Darwin remarked to Joseph Dalton …
- … measurements of the size and number of pollen-grains, Darwin compared the fertility of individual …
- … pleases me.’. Darwin dedicated the book to Gray, ‘as a small tribute of respect and affection’. He …
- … to you.’ Drawing his separate publications together into a larger whole enabled Darwin to advance …
- … measure: ‘it might then be highly beneficial to [a plant] that the same flower or the same …
- … I believe it is of value, it is not likely that more than a few hundred copies w d . be sold’. His …
- … of Kosmos covering the German debate (letters to W. E. Gladstone, 2 October 1877 and 25 …
- … form and of motion was exact and lively’ ( letter from W. E. Gladstone, 23 October 1877 ). …
- … found him as soft & smooth as butter’ ( letter to C. E. Norton, 16 March 1877 ). Hooker was …
- … the gospel of dirt the order of the day’ ( letter from E. A. Darwin, 27 January [1877] ). Carlyle …
- … study of medical monstrosity ( letter from C. T. E. Siebold, 10 October 1877 ). An American banker …
- … blending and swamped within a larger population ([Jenkin] 1867). Darwin had addressed this criticism …
- … not give up Pangenesis with wicked imprecations’ (Trollope 1867; letter to G. J. Romanes, [1 and 2 …
Hermann Müller
Summary
Hermann (Heinrich Ludwig Hermann) Müller, was born in Mühlberg near Erfurt in 1829. He was the younger brother of Fritz Müller (1822–97). Following the completion of his secondary education at Erfurt in 1848, he studied natural sciences at Halle and Berlin…
Matches: 8 hits
- … on botany, zoology, and geology. In 1852, he qualified as a teacher, but returned home to recover …
- … as mathematics and German to younger students. Less than a year later, he married Sophie Lempke, a …
- … teacher of natural sciences in the whole province. As a scientific researcher, Müller did not …
- … an article, ‘Thatsachen der Laubmooskunde für Darwin’ (Facts from the science of mosses for Darwin) …
- … his plans to study Westphalian orchids, inspired both by Darwin’s work on orchids and observations …
- … preventing unwanted visitors from gaining access. In October 1867, Müller sent Darwin a letter …
- … flowers by means of insects and their mutual adaptations). Darwin could not wait to finish the book …
- … ordered a copy to be sent to the Royal Society of London. Darwin was instrumental in getting a …
