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From Ernst Haeckel   11 January 1866

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Summary

Comments on CD’s health.

Discusses origin of life and differentiation of principal classes of plants and animals.

Discusses Generelle Morphologie and its chapter on embryological development.

His lectures on CD’s theory.

Asks CD for larger portrait of himself and for several copies of the small photograph. Will send photographs of German scientists in exchange.

Author:  Ernst Philipp August (Ernst) Haeckel
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  11 Jan 1866
Classmark:  DAR 166: 41
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4973

Matches: 13 hits

  • … From Ernst Haeckel    11 January 1866 …
  • … DAR 166: 41 Ernst Philipp August (Ernst) Haeckel Jena 11 Jan 1866 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Jena (Saxe-Weimar) 11. Januar 1866 Hochverehrter theurer Herr! Indem ich Ihnen zunächst …
  • … Jena (Saxe-Weimar) 11 January 1866 Most esteemed Sir! First of all wishing you a very …
  • … to earlier letters (see Correspondence vol.  11, letter to Ernst Haeckel, 30 December [ …
  • … 3 January [1864] ). In his letter of 11 November 1865 , Haeckel listed three publications …
  • … vol.  13, letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 November 1865 ). Williams & Norgate , booksellers …
  • … see Correspondence vol.  13, letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 November 1865  and nn.   …
  • 11 and 12); a protoplasmic aggregate, without differentiation, organisation, or nucleus, …
  • … vol.  13, letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 November 1865  and n.  4). Inside the back cover …
  • … vol.  13, letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 November 1865  and n.  13). There are …
  • … the early 1860s, see Lurie 1960 , pp.  309–11. According to Haeckel, over 150 people from …
  • … vol.  13, letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 November 1865 ). Records of the university of Jena …

To Ernst Haeckel   20 January [1866]

Summary

Sends copies of photographs of himself. Asks for photographs of German naturalists.

Comments on EH’s account of Protogenes primordialis.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Ernst Philipp August (Ernst) Haeckel
Date:  20 Jan [1866]
Classmark:  Ernst-Haeckel-Haus (Bestand A-Abt. 1-52/8)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4980

Matches: 10 hits

  • … Sir I thank you for your kind note of Jan.  11. You think much too highly of my work, but …
  • … See letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 January 1866 . …
  • … See letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 January 1866  and n.  15. CD refers to Heinrich Georg …
  • … vol.  9, frontispiece, and letter to Asa Gray, 11 April [1861] and n.  19). Haeckel …
  • … who admired him (see letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 January 1866 ). Haeckel sent his own …
  • … a photograph taken in October 1865 with his letter of 11 January 1866 . Fritz Müller sent …
  • … of himself in 1865 (see letter to Fritz Müller, 11 January 1866  and n.  5). There is no …
  • … 1866 (see letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 January 1866  and nn.  7–9). Haeckel 1866 , a two- …
  • … into English. See letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 January 1866  and nn.  6 and 7. Protogenes …
  • … Engelmann (see letter from Ernst Haeckel, 11 January 1866  and n.  4). For CD’s interest …

From George Henslow   11 June [1866]

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Summary

Sends proofs [of "On hybridization among plants", Pop. Sci. Rev. 5 (1866): 304–13].

Regrets delay in returning CD’s books.

Encourages CD to make "disparaging remarks".

Author:  George Henslow
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  11 June [1866]
Classmark:  DAR 166: 161
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5117

Matches: 3 hits

  • … From George Henslow   11 June [1866] …
  • … 166: 161 George Henslow London, South Crescent, 10 11 June [1866] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … 10 Sth Crescent | Bedford Sq | W.C. 11 th June. Dear M r Darwin I greatly regret my …

To Jeffries Wyman   2 February 1866

Summary

Obliged for JW’s information on variability of size of bees’ cells. Hexagonal cells not always work of several insects. W. H. Miller found great variability in thickness of cell walls.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Jeffries Wyman
Date:  2 Feb 1866
Classmark:  Jeffries Wyman Jr (private collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4994

Matches: 9 hits

  • … B1–78). See letter from Jeffries Wyman, 11 January 1866  and n.  3. In 1860, CD obtained …
  • … to you for your interesting letter of Jan 11 th . I was aware that the cells of Bees …
  • … See letter from Jeffries Wyman, 11 January 1866 . …
  • … See letter from Jeffries Wyman, 11 January 1866  and n.  2. In successive editions of …
  • … of instinct, see the letter from Jeffries Wyman, 11 January 1866 , n.  6. CD refers to the …
  • … by figures 2 and 3 in the letter from Wyman of 11 January 1866 . CD had argued in Origin , …
  • … aggregated to form the comb. In his letter of 11 January 1866 , Wyman had not informed CD …
  • … CUL. See letter from Jeffries Wyman, 11 January 1866  and n.  7. At Wyman’s suggestion, …
  • … received (see letter from Jeffries Wyman, 11 January 1866  and nn.  9 and 10, and letter …

From T. H. Huxley   11 November 1866

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Summary

Thanks for 4th ed. of Origin.

What a basting CD gives "our mutual friend" [Owen].

Glad he argrees with THH on Jamaica affair [Gov. Eyre and the "rebellion"].

Author:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  11 Nov 1866
Classmark:  DAR 166: 312
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5275

Matches: 4 hits

  • … From T.  H.  Huxley   11 November 1866 …
  • … DAR 166: 312 Thomas Henry Huxley London, Abbey Place, 26 11 Nov 1866 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … 26 Abbey Place Nov r . 11 th . 1866 My dear Darwin I thank you for the New Edition of …
  • … to J.  D.  Hooker, 31 May [1866] and n.  11. Charles Dickens’s Our mutual friend (London: …

To Gardeners’ Chronicle   [before 11 August 1866]

Summary

Asks readers to examine the flowers of Oxalis bowei to observe where the summits of the branching stigmas stand with respect to the two sets of anthers. In CD’s plants the stigmas stand beneath the lower anthers, but he believes two other forms exist: long-styled and mid-styled. Would be grateful for flowers of these types so he can fertilise them and obtain seed.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Gardeners’ Chronicle
Date:  [before 11 Aug 1866]
Classmark:  Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette (1866): 756
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5188

Matches: 3 hits

  • … To Gardeners’ Chronicle    [before 11 August 1866] …
  • … 1866): 756 Charles Robert Darwin unstated [before 11 Aug 1866] Gardeners’ Chronicle …
  • … Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette on 11 August 1866; see also Collected papers …

From William Erasmus Darwin   [7 May – 11 June 1866]

Summary

Sends flowers of buckthorn [Rhamnus catharticus] collected on Isle of Wight.

Author:  William Erasmus Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [7 May – 11 June 1866]
Classmark:  DAR 109: A76
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5108

Matches: 3 hits

  • … From William Erasmus Darwin   [7 May – 11 June 1866] …
  • … 109: A76 William Erasmus Darwin Southampton [7 May – 11 June 1866] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Correspondence vol.  9, letter from Asa Gray, 11 October 1861 , and second letter to J.   …

From Friedrich Hildebrand   11 May 1866

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Summary

Sending his paper on tristyly in Oxalis.

Cannot attend botanical congress, where CD will be vice-president.

Author:  Friedrich Hermann Gustav (Friedrich) Hildebrand
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  11 May 1866
Classmark:  DAR 166: 203
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5087

Matches: 3 hits

  • … From Friedrich Hildebrand   11 May 1866 …
  • … 203 Friedrich Hermann Gustav (Friedrich) Hildebrand Bonn 11 May 1866 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Bonn May 11 th 1866 Most honoured Sir I must thank you for your very kind letter in which …

To James Shaw   11 February [1866]

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Summary

Discusses beauty of birds and butterflies.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  James Shaw
Date:  11 Feb [1866]
Classmark:  R. Wallace ed. 1899, pp. lvi–lvii;
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5004

Matches: 3 hits

  • … To James Shaw   11 February [1866] …
  • … R.  Wallace ed.  1899, pp.  lvi–lvii; Charles Robert Darwin Down 11 Feb [1866] James Shaw …
  • … Down, Bromley, 11 th Feb. Dear Sir,— I am much obliged to you for your kindness in sending …

From E. A. Darwin   11 October [1866]

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Summary

Disposal of Susan’s effects. Legacies to CD’s children. EAD has taken the letters and papers and asked Henry [Parker] to forward the George Richmond pictures of CD and Emma.

Caroline looks "miserably ill".

Author:  Erasmus Alvey Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  11 Oct [1866]
Classmark:  DAR 105: B48–51
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5238

Matches: 3 hits

  • … From E.  A.  Darwin   11 October [1866] …
  • … 105: B48–51 Erasmus Alvey Darwin London, Queen Anne St 11 Oct [1866] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Q A. Oct 11 Dear Charles Caroline was going to have an examination of the Plate list as it …

From Jeffries Wyman   11 January 1866

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Summary

Has made observations on bees’ cells. Their dimensions are not constant, nor do single bees make single cells; each one is a result of co-operation.

Author:  Jeffries Wyman
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  11 Jan 1866
Classmark:  DAR 181: 191
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4974

Matches: 5 hits

  • … From Jeffries Wyman   11 January 1866 …
  • … DAR 181: 191 Jeffries Wyman Cambridge, Mass. 11 Jan 1866 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Cambridge [Massachusetts] Jan.  11 th . 1866 Dear Sir Having lately given some attention …
  • … Edward Cresy, 10 September 1865 and n.   11. In preparing the fourth edition of Origin …
  • … Correspondence vol.  7, and Correspondence vol.  11; see also Origin , p.  224). The issue …

To Gardeners’ Chronicle   [before 11 August 1866]

Summary

Describes the difficulties of crossing papilionaceous flowers. Believes the lack of success is a consequence of the need for early castration and successive applications of pollen on the stigma. Gives details of a method he has used to cross such flowers successfully.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Gardeners’ Chronicle
Date:  [before 11 Aug 1866]
Classmark:  Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette (1866): 756
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5189

Matches: 3 hits

  • … To Gardeners’ Chronicle    [before 11 August 1866] …
  • … Gazette (1866): 756 Charles Robert Darwin Down [before 11 Aug 1866] Gardeners’ Chronicle …
  • … Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette on 11 August 1866; see also Collected papers …

To Fritz Müller   11 January 1866

Summary

Has read FM’s paper on sponges ["Über Darwinella aurea", Arch. Miskrosk. Anat. 1 (1865): 344–53] with interest.

Has also read FM’s work on the metamorphoses of Peneus [Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 3d ser. 14 (1864): 104–15], an interesting and important embryological discovery.

CD regards Louis Agassiz’s opinions as valueless.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  11 Jan 1866
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 5)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4972

Matches: 4 hits

  • … To Fritz Müller   11 January 1866 …
  • … Loan MS 10 no 5) Charles Robert Darwin Down 11 Jan 1866 Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) …
  • … Down. | Bromley. | Kent. S.E. Jan 11 1866 My dear Sir I received your interesting letter …
  • … in a letter to M.  J.  S. Schultze dated 11 March 1865 ( Möller 1915–21 , 2: 62), Müller …

To George Henslow   12 June [1866]

Summary

Returns proofs of GH’s paper ["On hybridization among plants", Pop. Sci. Rev. 5 (1866): 304–13] with his criticisms. Prefers that GH not state that CD has read the proofs.

Does C. V. Naudin really say that ovules (not seed) of hybrid Luffa and Cucumis are imperfect?

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Henslow
Date:  12 June [1866]
Classmark:  Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge (GEN/D/DARWIN (C)/9)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5118

Matches: 4 hits

  • … p.  307). See letter from George Henslow, 11 June [1866] and n.  2. Six Queen Anne Street, …
  • … letter and the letter from George Henslow, 11 June [1866] . Henslow had sent CD the proof- …
  • … hybridity ( Henslow 1866b ) with his letter of 11 June [1866] . For an indication of the …
  • … 13 or 14 June 1866] . In his letter to CD of 11 June [1866] , Henslow had asked whether he …

To Friedrich Hildebrand   16 May [1866]

Summary

Has forwarded FH’s paper on Fumariaceae to horticultural congress. Comments on its findings.

Discusses forms of Oxalis.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Friedrich Hermann Gustav (Friedrich) Hildebrand
Date:  16 May [1866]
Classmark:  Klaus Groove (private collection); sold by Venator and Hanstein, Cologne (dealers), 16 March 2018
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5092

Matches: 6 hits

  • … and the letter from Friedrich Hildebrand, 11 May 1866 . Hildebrand had hoped to meet CD in …
  • … and Botanical Congress (see letter from Friedrich Hildebrand, 11 May 1866  and n.  4). …
  • … See letter from Friedrich Hildebrand, 11 May 1866  and n.  5. Hildebrand’s paper on …
  • … 6; see also Correspondence vols.  7 and 9–11). CD’s notes on Fumariaceae species, made …
  • … 2: 136. See also Correspondence vol.  11, letter to John Scott, 6 March 1863 . CD …
  • … 1866c . See letter from Friedrich Hildebrand, 11 May 1866 and nn.  2 and 3. Roland Trimen …

To Robert Swinhoe   [September 1866]

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Summary

Hooker’s lecture to BAAS ["Insular floras"] was capital,

but hears Wallace’s paper [Address to Anthropology Section, Rep. BAAS 36 (1866): 93–4] was best.

Pleased RS continues zealous work for natural history.

CD considers the report that N. American antelopes’ horns are intermediate between hollow and solid horns of ruminants to be one of the more curious facts he has lately heard of with respect to higher animals [C. A. Canfield, "On the habits of the prongbuck", Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. (1866): 105–11].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Robert Swinhoe
Date:  [Sept 1866]
Classmark:  DAR 177: 329r
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5202

Matches: 2 hits

  • … C. A. Canfield, "On the habits of the prongbuck", Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. (1866): 105–11]. …
  • … from 22 to 30 August 1866 ( Athenæum , 11 August 1866, p.  161). In his presidential …

To Fritz Müller   [late December 1866 and] 1 January 1867

Summary

Thanks for observations on dimorphic plants. Dimorphism prevalent in certain groups throughout the world.

Retarded fertilisation in certain orchids.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Johann Friedrich Theodor (Fritz) Müller
Date:  31 Dec 1866 and 1 Jan 1867
Classmark:  The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 11)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5331

Matches: 3 hits

  • … The British Library (Loan MS 10 no 11) Charles Robert Darwin Down [late Dec 1866] 1 Jan …
  • … before stated; I transmit to you by this post 11 copies; I retain 10 copies any or all of …
  • … Fritz Müller, [2 November 1866] and n.  11). Müller’s remarks on Gesneria were contained …

From J. D. Hooker   3 November 1866

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Summary

Left strict orders about Euryale seeds but "labour, difficulty and expense of getting anything done scientifically by practical men is untold".

The E. J. Eyre controversy [Jamaica uprising]. Odd that Huxley joins the "persecution fund". The principles involved are fiddlesticks.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  3 Nov 1866
Classmark:  DAR 102: 110–11
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5266

Matches: 2 hits

  • … DAR 102: 110–11 Joseph Dalton Hooker Pembroke Dock 3 Nov 1866 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … see, for example, Correspondence vol.  11, letter to J.  D.  Hooker, 5 March [1863] ) and …

To Charles Lyell   8 March [1866]

Summary

Gives details of enclosed MS on cool period. Mentions Hooker’s opposed "axis of the earth" view. Causes of glacial period are beyond CD; "cannot believe change in land and water being more than a subsidiary agent".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  8 Mar [1866]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.316)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5028

Matches: 5 hits

  • … s pencil notes on the manuscript of chapter 11 of CD’s ‘big book’ on species are in the …
  • … of the globe (see C.  Lyell 1853 , pp.  110–11, and subsequent editions of his Principles …
  • … J.  D.  Hooker, 22 and 28 [October 1865] and nn.  11 and 12. CD refers to the chapter on …
  • … VIII. CD refers to the manuscript of chapter 11 of his ‘big book’ on species; see n.   …
  • … 8, above. The chapter was reworked as chapter 11, and page 399 in chapter 12, of Origin. …

From John Lubbock   1 July [1866]

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Summary

Returns [Fritz?] Müller’s work [probably Für Darwin (1864)]. It is a remarkable memoir.

Author:  John Lubbock, 4th baronet and 1st Baron Avebury
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  1 July [1866]
Classmark:  DAR 170: 52
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5138

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Collection–CUL.  See also Correspondence vol.  11, letter from John Lubbock, 23 [February  …
  • … paper, see the letter to Fritz Müller, 11 January 1866  and n.  8. Lubbock’s lecture, ‘On …
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The Lyell–Lubbock dispute

Summary

In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…

Matches: 16 hits

  • … on the topic. Lyell also added the following note on page 11: *Mr. John Lubbock published …
  • … 2 have struck out Galton & Prestwich at p. 11 who will be surprisd [ sic ] to …
  • … had done ‘an injustice’ to Falconer and Prestwich. 11 In the same review Lubbock expressed …
  • … he took exception to the wording of the note on p. 11 of C. Lyell 1863c, which implied that Lubbock …
  • … The statement made by Sir Charles Lyell, in a note to page 11 of his work, that my article on the …
  • … of the note in the preface (letter to John Lubbock, 11 June [1865] ). No correspondence with …
  • … of the preface of C. Lyell 1863c and reworded the note on p. 11.  Unlike the earlier …
  • …  Lyell revised both the preface and the note on page 11 of the third edition of Antiquity of man …
  • … versions of the end of the preface and of the note on page 11 are included below.  Preface, C …
  • … as well as of the subsequent issues.” Note on page 11, C. Lyell 1863c (original version) …
  • … made by him in company with Mr. Busk. Note on page 11, C. Lyell 1863c (revised version) …
  • … in Letters, 1863 , (introduction to Correspondence vol. 11, pp. xv–xvii). For a comparison of …
  • … 1984, pp. 154–9. 7. See Correspondence vol. 11, letter to J. D. Hooker, 24[–5] …
  • … Bartholomew 1973. 8. See Correspondence vol. 11, letter to Charles Lyell, 6 March …
  • … 18 April [1863 ]. 10. Correspondence vol. 11, letter to J. D. Hooker, 17 March …
  • … (rough draft of letter from T. H. Huxley to Charles Lyell, 11 June 1865, Imperial College, Huxley …

Origin: the lost changes for the second German edition

Summary

Darwin sent a list of changes made uniquely to the second German edition of Origin to its translator, Heinrich Georg Bronn.  That lost list is recreated here.

Matches: 7 hits

  • … German edition (see letter from H. G. Bronn, [before 11 March 1862] ). Since the publication of …
  • … & a few of importance’ (see letter to H. G. Bronn, 11 March [1862] ). Darwin had sent Bronn …
  • … letter from E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 11 July 1862 ). (No American edition …
  • … we shall immediately see)’.    Page xiv, n., line 11, delete ‘in the years 1794–5’.    …
  • … substitute for ‘but then  . . .  kinds of flowers.’: 11                    In just some of …
  • … sentence also appears in Origin 4th ed., p. 20. 11.  p. 56. This whole paragraph was …
  • … in Origin 4th ed., p. 449. 47.  p. 409–11. This passage also appears, with slight …

1.1 Ellen Sharples pastel

Summary

< Back to Introduction The earliest surviving portrayal of Darwin, who was born on 12 February 1809, is this pastel or chalk drawing by Ellen Wallace Sharples. He is shown kneeling chivalrously before his sister Catherine (born in 1810), in the kind…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Art Journal , 16:1 (Spring–Summer 1995), pp. 3–11. Julius Bryant (ed.), English Heritage …

Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year

Summary

The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…

Matches: 8 hits

  • … backwards much more than forwards’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ). I feel …
  • … review me in a hostile spirit’ ( letter to John Murray, 11 August 1874 ). Darwin was …
  • … Correspondence  vol. 20, letter to St G. J. Mivart, 11 January [1872] ). To Darwin’s relief, …
  • … the moment of being hatched ( letter to  Nature , 7 and 11 May [1874] ; Spalding 1872a). …
  • … & that must be enough for me’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ). Plants that eat . …
  • … cartilage, bone & meat &c. &c.’ ( letter to W. D. Fox,  11 May [1874] ). His research …
  • … Correspondence  vol. 21, letter from Francis Darwin,  [11 October 1873] ). Darwin wasted …
  • … the photograph he sent highly ( letter from D. F. Nevill, [11 September 1874] ). At the …

Darwin in letters, 1862: A multiplicity of experiments

Summary

1862 was a particularly productive year for Darwin. This was not only the case in his published output (two botanical papers and a book on the pollination mechanisms of orchids), but more particularly in the extent and breadth of the botanical experiments…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … gave him the commission ( see letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] ). Darwin was altogether …
  • … on  Linum  ‘at once’ ( letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] ), writing up his experiments in …
  • … of Natural History’ ( letter to Armand de Quatrefages, 11 July [1862] ). She had had assistance …
  • … for a second edition ( letter from H. G. Bronn, [before 11 March 1862] ), Darwin asked him to use …
  • … see letter from E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 11 July 1862 ). Yet Darwin was now …
  • … interest. He told Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 11 September [1862] ): ‘This is a nice, but …
  • … from one parent’ ( letter to Armand de Quatrefages, 11 July [1862] ). really good …

Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

Matches: 8 hits

  • … Blair, R.H. 11 July 1871 Worcester College for the …
  • … Chaumont, F.S.B.F. de 11 March 1871 Woolston, …
  • … 9 Nov 1870 11 St Mary Abbot's Terrace, London, England …
  • … 1 Feb 1871 11 St Mary Abbot's Terrace, London, England   …
  • … 7 Sept 1872 11 St Mary Abbot's Terrace, London, England …
  • … 1 Feb. 1871 11 Saint Mary Abbot's Terrace, Kensington. W., London, …
  • … Sulivan, B.J. 11 Jan 1867 Bournemouth, England …
  • … Wallace, A. R. 11 March [1867] 9 St. Mark’s Crescent …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … regarding species change ( letter from Charles Lyell, 11 March 1863 ). The botanist Asa Gray, …
  • … by descent put him ‘into despair’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 11 May [1863] ). In the same letter, he …
  • … bottom of seas, lakes, and rivers ( Correspondence vol. 11, Appendix VII). Quarrels at …
  • … Academy of Sciences, Berlin (see Correspondence vol. 11, Appendix III), and of the Société des …
  • … unsuccessful ( see letter from E. A. Darwin to Emma Darwin, 11 November [1863] ). The council of …
  • … [9 May 1863] , and memorandum from G. H. Darwin, [before 11 May 1863]) . As he struggled …
  • … to drive the quietest man mad’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 11 May [1863] ). Hooker and Gray agreed …
  • … tropical plants than before (see Correspondence vol. 11, Appendix VI). He was fascinated with …
  • … pistils mature at different times ( see letter to Asa Gray, 11 May [1863] ). The fertility of …
  • … ‘Crossing & Sterility’ (see Correspondence vol. 11, Appendix II). When Darwin finished, by …
  • … animal suffering caused by them (see Correspondence vol. 11, Appendix IX). Francis Darwin later …

Darwin's 1874 letters go online

Summary

The full transcripts and footnotes of over 600 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1874 are published online for the first time. You can read about Darwin's life in 1874 through his letters and see a full list of the letters. The 1874 letters…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … as not signifying so much.  ( Letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ) At the age of 65, …
  • … & that must be enough for me  ( Letter to W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ) During the …

Race, Civilization, and Progress

Summary

Darwin's first reflections on human progress were prompted by his experiences in the slave-owning colony of Brazil, and by his encounters with the Yahgan peoples of Tierra del Fuego. Harsh conditions, privation, poor climate, bondage and servitude,…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … man in his most "primitive wildness" ( letter to Henslow, 11 April 1833 ). They …
  • … Letter 204 : Darwin to Henslow, J. S., 11 April 1833 "The Fuegians are in a more …
  • … 98). Letter 2503 : Darwin, C. R. to Lyell, C., 11 October [1859] "the …
  • … Letter 2503 : Darwin, C. R. to Lyell, C., 11 October [1859] I suppose that you do not …

Darwin in letters, 1872: Job done?

Summary

'My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, 'is so nearly closed. . .  What little more I can do, shall be chiefly new work’, and the tenor of his correspondence throughout the year is one of wistful reminiscence, coupled with a keen eye…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … St George Jackson Mivart ( letter to St G. J. Mivart,  11 January [1872] ). A worsening …
  • … Mivart not to acknowledge it ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 11 January [1872] ). 'I hate …
  • … attacks on Darwin became notorious, had written on 11 May expressing concern that his recently, …
  • … well informed: `The die is cast’, he wrote excitedly on 11 May , when the matter was first raised …

Darwin in letters, 1877: Flowers and honours

Summary

Ever since the publication of Expression, Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers, his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … the popularity of his book, writing to Robert Cooke on 11 April , ‘though I believe it is of …
  • … for extended periods. In a letter to Thiselton-Dyer of 11 October , Darwin described how the …
  • … Charles Darwin and Ernst Haeckel). Writing to Darwin on 11 March 1877 , Krause declared the …
  • … visits from distinguished persons. Gladstone came to Down on 11 March. ‘I expected a stern, …
  • … not been a difficulty to me,’ he replied to Romanes on 11 June , ‘as I have never believed in a …
  • … that they become quite tipsy’ ( letter to W. M. Moorsom, 11 September [1877] ). Moorsom replied …

Charles Harrison Blackley

Summary

You may not have heard of Charles Harrison Blackley (1820–1900), but if you are one of the 15 million people in the UK who suffer from hay fever, you are indebted to him. For it was he who identified pollen as the cause of the allergy. Darwin was…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … 5 July [1873] ) Blackley wrote back on 11 July 1873 that the distinction had ‘a …
  • … research remained elusive.   He wrote to Darwin on 11 July 1873 : The problem of cure …

Darwin in letters, 1876: In the midst of life

Summary

1876 was the year in which the Darwins became grandparents for the first time.  And tragically lost their daughter-in-law, Amy, who died just days after her son's birth.  All the letters from 1876 are now published in volume 24 of The Correspondence…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … to think of the future’, Darwin confessed to William on 11 September just hours after Amy’s …
  • … naturalist Thomas Edward ( letter from F. M. Balfour, 11 December 1876 ; letter to Samuel Smiles …
  • … who died at the age of 10 in 1851, but William, who was 11 years old at the time of her death, would …
  • … you are one of the best of all’ ( letter to W. E. Darwin, 11 September [1876] ). …
  • … do I cannot conceive’, Darwin wrote anxiously to Hooker on 11 September. By the time Darwin …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 10 hits

  • … in that little sheet of note-paper! DARWIN:  11   My dear Hooker… What a remarkably …
  • … 1 OCTOBER 1846 7  C DARWIN TO JD HOOKER 11 JANUARY 1844 8  C DARWIN TO A …
  • … 10  C DARWIN TO A GRAY, 24 AUGUST 1855 11  C DARWIN TO JD HOOKER, 5 JUNE 1855 …
  • … 22 NOVEMBER 1856 29  C DARWIN TO A GRAY, 11 APRIL 1861 30  A GRAY TO C …
  • … A GRAY, 23 SEPTEMBER 1858 58 A GRAY TO JD HOOKER, 11 OCTOBER 1858 59 A GRAY TO …
  • … HOOKER, 18 OCTOBER 1859 63  C DARWIN TO A GRAY, 11 NOVEMBER 1859 64 JD …
  • … 13 NOVEMBER 1859 66  C DARWIN TO R OWEN, 11 NOVEMBER 1859 67  C DARWIN …
  • … 17 FEBRUARY 1861 111  C DARWIN TO A GRAY, 11 DECEMBER 1861 112  C DARWIN …
  • … DARWIN TO A GRAY 28 MAY 1864 159  FROM A GRAY 11 JULY 1864 160  C DARWIN …
  • … TO A GRAY 28 JANUARY 1876 204  FROM A GRAY 11 DECEMBER 1874 205  TO A …

Darwin in letters, 1864: Failing health

Summary

On receiving a photograph from Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July 1864: ‘the venerable beard gives the look of your having suffered, and … of having grown older’.  Because of poor health, Because of poor health, Darwin…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July 1864 : ‘the venerable beard gives …
  • … continue his observations indoors ( Correspondence  vol. 11). In a letter of [27 January 1864] …
  • … two letters to the  Athenæum  ( Correspondence  vol. 11). Darwin’s anxiety about the matter was …
  • … and the question of human origins ( Correspondence vol. 11). Wallace, however, traced a possible …

Thomas Rivers

Summary

Rivers and Darwin exchanged around 30 letters, most in 1863 when Darwin was hard at work on the manuscript of Variation of plants and animals under domestication, the lengthy and detailed sequel to Origin of species. Rivers, an experienced plant breeder…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … crumbs of knowledge out of your wealth of information? ( 11 January [1863] ) Rivers and …
  • … Purpose”. When this letter was first published in volume 11 of the Correspondence, our transcription …

Darwin and Religion

Summary

When Darwin published On the Origin of Species, was there a clear cut division between those who supported science and those who supported God? Find out how Darwin’s letters reveal a complex reaction from all sides and a desire from Darwin to keep his…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Pupils explore the reaction to Darwin’s findings as evidenced through his letters. Activities …

Henrietta Darwin's diary

Summary

Darwin's daughter Henrietta kept a diary for a few momentous weeks in 1871. This was the year in which Descent of Man, the most controversial of her father's books after Origin itself, appeared, a book which she had helped him write. The small…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … be a good wife I have indeed neglected my 10 talents. 11 July 5th. A beautiful day …
  • … . 10 Bradshaw’s railway guide . 11 For the biblical parable of the talents …

Darwin's bad days

Summary

Despite being a prolific worker who had many successes with his scientific theorising and experimenting, even Darwin had some bad days. These times when nothing appeared to be going right are well illustrated by the following quotations from his letters:

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Despite being a prolific worker who had many successes with his scientific theorising and …

Darwin on race and gender

Summary

Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In Descent of man, he tried to explain the origin of human races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Key letters: Letter to J. S. Henslow, 11 April 1833 Letter to C. R. Lyell, 11
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