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Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad
Summary
At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…
Matches: 28 hits
- … At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation …
- … & must write briefly’ ( letter to John Scott, 31 May [1863] ), and in a letter of 23 [June …
- … of man and his history' The first five months of 1863 contain the bulk of the …
- … Quadrumanum animal’, as he put it in a letter to J. D. Hooker of 24[–5] February [1863] . When …
- … anything grander’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 26 [February 1863] ). In the same letter, he gave his …
- … origins was further increased by the discovery in March 1863 of the Moulin-Quignon jaw, the first …
- … bear ( see letter from Jacques Boucher de Perthes, 23 June 1863 ). Although English experts …
- … in learned journals and the press during the first half of 1863 focused attention even more closely …
- … made him ‘groan’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 6 March [1863] ). Darwin reiterated in a later letter …
- … separately created’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 17 March [1863] ). Public perceptions of creation, …
- … his one-time mentor had not said a word ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 24[–5] February [1863] ). …
- … guide & master’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 6 March [1863] ). Nevertheless, Darwin’s regret was …
- … in answering Owen unaided ’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, [23 February 1863] ). Hugh Falconer was …
- … Lyell’s book being written by others’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, [23 February 1863] ). Falconer …
- … to see men fighting so for a little fame’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 17 March [1863] ). …
- … to capture his and others’ attention ( see letter to J. D. Dana, 20 February [1863] , and letter …
- … a letter to the Athenæum in response ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 5 March [1863] ). He later …
- … composed such a good letter (!)’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 17 March [1863] ). At the same time …
- … Carpenter’s book on Foraminifera ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, [29 March 1863] , and Appendix VII) …
- … as well think of origin of matter.—’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [29 March 1863] ). Owen’s …
- … first edition of Antiquity of man ( letter from J. D. Hooker, [23 February 1863] , and …
- … science before the public in this way ( see letter from J. D. Hooker, [7 May 1863] , and Appendix …
- … been gnashing my teeth at my own folly’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [9 May 1863] ). After his …
- … this subject seems to get rarer & rarer’ ( letter to H. W. Bates, 18 April [1863] ), …
- … for the Natural History Review ( see letter to H. W. Bates, 12 January [1863] ). Darwin added …
- … on the bookcase and around the head of the sofa ( letter to W. E. Darwin, [25 July 1863], and …
- … in 1863, they wrote to Darwin’s cousin, William Darwin Fox, who had visited the grave seven years …
- … was hidden by overgrown trees and shrubs ( see letter from W. D. Fox, 7 September [1863] ). Emma …
'An Appeal' against animal cruelty
Summary
The four-page pamphlet transcribed below and entitled 'An Appeal', was composed jointly by Emma and Charles Darwin (see letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, [29 September 1863]). The pamphlet, which protested against the cruelty of steel vermin…
Matches: 7 hits
- … by Emma and Charles Darwin (see letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, [29 September 1863]). The …
- … the distribution of the pamphlet in August and September 1863 (see letter from G. B. Sowerby Jr to …
- … Squires Ladies & MPs' (see letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, [6–27 September 1863], and …
- … (DAR 219.1: 77), and Correspondence vol. 11, letter to W. D. Fox, [29 September 1863]). Several …
- … MS), 20 August 1863, recording a payment of £2 11 s. 6 d. for distributing the 'cruelty …
- … E. L. Darwin, 7 September 1863, letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, 8 December [1863], and …
- … 8 Christ’s College Library, Cambridge (Fox 142) 1 The Act to prevent the cruel …
Darwin in letters,1866: Survival of the fittest
Summary
The year 1866 began well for Charles Darwin, as his health, after several years of illness, was now considerably improved. In February, Darwin received a request from his publisher, John Murray, for a new edition of Origin. Darwin got the fourth…
Matches: 4 hits
- … 4 June 1866, and in a letter to his cousin William Darwin Fox on 24 August [1866] , he wrote, ‘I …
- … drawing Darwin, Hooker, and the botanist Charles James Fox Bunbury into the discussion of glacial …
- … by Heinrich Georg Bronn, had been published in 1860 and 1863 by the firm E. Schweizerbart’sche …
- … their father’s death in 1848 until Catherine married in 1863. Catherine had written shortly before …
Science, Work and Manliness
Summary
Discussion Questions|Letters In 1859, popular didactic writer William Landels published the first edition of what proved to be one of his best-selling works, How Men Are Made. "It is by work, work, work" he told his middle class audience, …
Matches: 4 hits
- … Letter 4262 - Darwin to Gray, A., [4 August 1863] Darwin tells Gray about his recent …
- … Letter 3901 - Darwin to Falconer, H., [5 & 6 January 1863] Darwin gives feedback on …
- … and strength. Letter 4000 - Darwin to Dana, J. D., [20 February 1863] Darwin …
- … Letter 4185 - Darwin to Scott, J., [25 & 28 May 1863] Darwin praises Scott’s …
Darwin's health
Summary
On 28 March 1849, ten years before Origin was published, Darwin wrote to his good friend Joseph Hooker from Great Malvern in Worcestershire, where Dr James Manby Gully ran a fashionable water-cure establishment. Darwin apologised for his delayed reply to…
Matches: 13 hits
- … in severity in the years around 1848, 1852, 1859, and 1863. In a letter to Hooker in April of 1861, …
- … wonderfully & I am gaining vigour .’ (letter to J. D. Hooker, 13 April [1864] ) Why …
- … attacks of ‘periodical vomiting’ in a letter to W. D. Fox, [7 June 1840] ( Correspondence vol …
- … 1849] , and ‘vomiting every week’ in his letter to J. D. Hooker, 28 March 1849 ( …
- … decision to consult John Chapman. In a letter to J. D. Hooker, [20-] 22 February [1864] ( …
- … pp. 428-9. On his difficulties reading, see letters to J. D. Hooker, 1 June [1865] and 27 [or …
- … suffered from gout (see Correspondence vol. 1, letter to W. D. Fox, [25-9 January 1829] , and …
- … in Colp 1977, pp. 31-2, 47, 98. In his letter to J. D. Hooker, 5 March [1863] ( Correspondence …
- … Correspondence vol. 12, letter from Emma Darwin to J. D. Hooker, 17 March [1864] . …
- … (see, for example, Correspondence vol. 4, letter to W. D. Fox, 24 [March 1849] , and …
- … several years (see Correspondence vol. 4, letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 October 1849 , and Colp …
- … Wells, under James Smith Ayerst, in September and October 1863 (see Correspondence vol. 11, …
- … chronic vomiting ( Correspondence vol. 12, letter to J. D. Hooker, 13 April [1864] ). …
Darwin's notes for his physician, 1865
Summary
On 20 May 1865, Emma Darwin recorded in her diary that John Chapman, a prominent London publisher who had studied medicine in London and Paris in the early 1840s, visited Down to consult with Darwin about his ill health. In 1863 Chapman started to treat…
Matches: 4 hits
- … visited Down to consult with Darwin about his ill health. In 1863 Chapman started to treat epilepsy …
- … medical practitioner Darwin contacted around this time. In 1863, Darwin experienced a period of …
- … joints (see, for example, Holland 1855, p. 233, and Garrod 1863, pp. 263-4). The diagnosis of …
- … to aid digestion ( Correspondence vol. 11, Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, 8 December [1863]). In his …
Darwin in letters, 1862: A multiplicity of experiments
Summary
1862 was a particularly productive year for Darwin. This was not only the case in his published output (two botanical papers and a book on the pollination mechanisms of orchids), but more particularly in the extent and breadth of the botanical experiments…
Matches: 27 hits
- … do think you have a good right to be so’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, [15 and] 20 November [1862] ) …
- … telling Hooker: ‘he is no common man’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 [December 1862] ). Two …
- … the end of the year, he wrote to Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 [December 1862] ): ‘my …
- … increasingly frustrated, telling Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 7 March [1862] ): ‘I am nearly …
- … his ‘ enormous labour over them’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 [October 1862] ; see ML 2: 292–3) …
- … at Lythrum & have seen the three forms … I sh d . like to make out this wonderfully …
- … warranted a paper for the Linnean Society ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 6 October [1862] ). However, …
- … his son, William, his language was more blunt ( letter to W. E. Darwin, 14 February [1862] ): …
- … anything I published’, he told Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 15 [May 1862] ). But he did not …
- … the book, it was, after all, ‘a success’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 30 [June 1862] ). a …
- … selection. He made the point to Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 March [1862] ): ‘I have found …
- … ‘good dashes of original reflexions’ ( letter to H. W. Bates, 13 January [1862] ). He warmly …
- … a few of their letters; Darwin remarked ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 26 [March 1862] ): ‘It is really …
- … & admirable papers I ever read in my life’ ( letter to H. W. Bates, 20 November [1862] ). He …
- … was never so plainly brought forward’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 24 [November 1862] ), and the two …
- … like” is at the bottom of all’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 26 November 1862 ) drew from Darwin a …
- … physical conditions, and natural selection ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [after 26] November [1862] ). …
- … part of his popular exposition of Darwin’s theory (Rolle 1863; see letter to Friedrich Rolle, 17 …
- … studies to Charles Naudin, a botanist at the Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, whose experiments on …
- … of Naudin’s methods, and his claims ( see letter to J. D. Hooker, 30 [June 1862] ), but still …
- … and Emma ‘perplexed to death what to do’ ( letter to W. E. Darwin, [2–3 August 1862] ). They …
- … were exciting: he told both his cousin, William Darwin Fox, and Hooker of his growing conviction …
- … analogous to the nervous matter of animals’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 20 [September 1862] ; letter …
- … in September, with everybody’s health improving, he told Fox: ‘I have never passed so miserable a …
- … work would make his life ‘much happier’ ( letter to W. E. Darwin, 14 February [1862] ). Darwin …
- … with him, enthusiastically set to work ( see letter to W. E. Darwin, [2–3 August 1862] , and …
- … insects with Darwin’s hypothesis ( see letter from H. W. Bates, 30 April 1862 ), Darwin was …
Before Origin: the ‘big book’
Summary
Darwin began ‘sorting notes for Species Theory’ on 9 September 1854, the very day he concluded his eight-year study of barnacles (Darwin's Journal). He had long considered the question of species. In 1842, he outlined a theory of transmutation in a…
Matches: 11 hits
- … of species ’, he told his cousin William Darwin Fox. Experimental work Darwin …
- … to set up to provide crucial evidence for his arguments. Fox, Darwin assumed, would have bred …
- … me at a guess how long an immersion in sea-water you sh d . imagine w d . kill the more …
- … to hear of them, he might easily work them in, & then I sh d . have to quote from a work …
- … hate the idea of writing for priority, yet I certainly sh d . be vexed if any one were to publish …
- … to publish without full details. ’ Writing to his cousin Fox in June 1856, Darwin openly confessed …
- … of this acceleration was revealed, when he told his cousin Fox: ‘ I am working very hard at my Book …
- … interested in the way facts fall into groups ’, he told Fox in February 1857. Trials of …
- … ‘Your words have come true with a vengeance that I sh d . be forestalled’, he told Lyell, ‘ I …
- … far rather burn my whole book than that he or any man sh d . think that I had behaved in a paltry …
- … to complete this work, but as he worked on it daily in May 1863, he admitted that there ‘ never …
Darwin in letters, 1864: Failing health
Summary
On receiving a photograph from Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July 1864: ‘the venerable beard gives the look of your having suffered, and … of having grown older’. Because of poor health, Because of poor health, Darwin…
Matches: 26 hits
- … the long illness that had plagued him since the spring of 1863. Because of poor health, Darwin …
- … from that of the five physicians Darwin had consulted in 1863. In a letter of 26[–7] March [1864] …
- … years. As Darwin explained to his cousin William Darwin Fox in a letter of 30 November [1864] , …
- … a dramatic conclusion to the year. Darwin also wrote to Fox that he was mostly pleased to have been …
- … leaf, and aerial roots. When his health deteriorated in 1863, he found that he could still continue …
- … by which leaves produce tendrils’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [8 February 1864] ). Darwin’s …
- … it is a leaf climber & therefore sacred’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 2 June [1864] ). …
- … Menyanthes ( letter from Emma and Charles Darwin to W. E. Darwin, [20 May 1864] ), or his …
- … his stipend being paid by Darwin himself ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [1 April 1864] ). Hooker …
- … often at odds with one another: ‘Gardeners are the very d—l, & where two or three are gathered …
- … to play your part over them’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, [2 April 1864] ). Hooker …
- … they do require very careful treatment’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 8 April 1864 ). Nevertheless, …
- … that in giving I am hastening the fall’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 20 April 1864 ). In his …
- … a first-class cabin for the journey ( letter from J. D. Hooker, [15 August 1864] ). Darwin …
- … scientific debate. He had begun taking the journal in April 1863 and was an enthusiastic subscriber. …
- … you have bearded this lion in his den’ ( letter to B. D. Walsh, 4 December [1864] ). Walsh also …
- … he spoke out on the modification of species ( letter to B. D. Walsh, 21 October [1864] ). …
- … ‘make a noise’, since the author evidently ‘smashe[d] most of the old Testament’ ( Correspondence …
- … he thought him ‘sanguine & unsafe’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 16 February 1864 ). Hooker …
- … correct if they contradicted the Bible ( see letter from J. D. Hooker, [19 September 1864] ). When …
- … Lyell 1865] I shall recant for fifth time’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 22 October [1864] ). Lyell …
- … and their predecessors had continued to grow following the 1863 publication of Huxley’s Evidence …
- … displaying ‘remarkable genius’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 22 [May 1864] ). He added that he wished …
- … agree’ with Wallace’s views on humans ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 22 [May 1864] ), and he pointed …
- … failure to win the award in the two preceding years. An 1863 letter from the president of the Royal …
- … that truly enlivened him. Though he complained to his cousin Fox in the letter of 30 November …
Scientific Practice
Summary
Specialism|Experiment|Microscopes|Collecting|Theory Letter writing is often seen as a part of scientific communication, rather than as integral to knowledge making. This section shows how correspondence could help to shape the practice of science, from…
Matches: 1 hits
- … extract from Carl Claus, Die freilebenden Copepoden [1863]. Letter 5551 — Darwin, C …
Darwin’s Photographic Portraits
Summary
Darwin was a photography enthusiast. This is evident not only in his use of photography for the study of Expression and Emotions in Man and Animal, but can be witnessed in his many photographic portraits and in the extensive portrait correspondence that…
Matches: 1 hits
- … of his theory of evolution, and a prolonged illness in 1863. These two images also mark the most …
