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Darwin in letters, 1862: A multiplicity of experiments
Summary
1862 was a particularly productive year for Darwin. This was not only the case in his published output (two botanical papers and a book on the pollination mechanisms of orchids), but more particularly in the extent and breadth of the botanical experiments…
Matches: 26 hits
- … As the sheer volume of his correspondence indicates, 1862 was a particularly productive year for …
- … numerous later publications. The promotion of his theory of natural selection also continued: Darwin …
- … be so’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, [15 and] 20 November [1862] ). I have not the least …
- … him from this view ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 14 [January 1862] ): 'no doubt you are right …
- … Huxley replied ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 20 January 1862 ): 'I entertain no doubt that …
- … but continued ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 18 December [1862] ): 'you say the answer to …
- … but complained ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 28 December [1862] ): 'To get the degree of …
- … him the commission ( see letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] ). Darwin was altogether taken …
- … is no common man’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 [December 1862] ). Two sexual forms: …
- … with his study of Primula and escalated throughout 1862 as he searched for other cases of …
- … 1861, and was published in the society’s journal in March 1862. The paper described the two …
- … in almost daily’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 22 January [1862] ). In a postscript, he mentioned his work …
- … it was Darwin’s first detailed exposition of the power of natural selection. He made the point to …
- … enemy’—a way of inducing sceptics to accept the truth of natural selection through the back door ( …
- … Gray, 2–3 July 1862 ). Henry Walter Bates Natural selection was also to receive …
- … long returned after many years in the Amazon, had invoked natural selection as the mechanism to …
- … correspondence about the relative effects on species of natural selection and the direct action of …
- … in the variation and production of species? what the role of natural selection? Hooker’s peremptory …
- … it might be affected by crossing, physical conditions, and natural selection ( letter to J. D. …
- … reach a wider audience, and he agreed to write an anonymous review of Bates’s paper for the …
- … Brown-Séquard informed him that he intended to write a review of Origin for a French periodical, …
- … expressing his regret that Royer had not ‘known more of Natural History’ ( letter to Armand de …
- … (Büchner 1862) which included a reprint of his positive review of Origin ( see letter to Ludwig …
- … expressed admiration but stopped short of endorsing natural selection ( letter from Alphonse de …
- … the proof-sheets of Orchids in order to write an early review: Darwin began to send them in …
- … himself more openly to evolutionary views, though not to natural selection ( see letter from T. H. …
Darwin’s reading notebooks
Summary
In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…
Matches: 23 hits
- … and Horticultural Society of India ] read Natural Hist Soc of Mauritius. published? [ …
- … Society of London ].— [DAR *119: 8v.] A history of British Birds by W. …
- … Read Loudon’s Arboretum [Loudon 1838] in Edinburgh Review July 1839 [Anon. 1839a]— there are …
- … Man. Mentioned by Athenæum 1839 p. 765. in Geograph. Soc?? Review of this in Edin. Phil Jour. 1840. …
- … 1839. p. 408 [Flourens 1839] read Quarterly Review 1839. p. 336 [Broderip] 1839]. M r …
- … ] Loudons. Journal of Nat Hist Z & B [ Magazine of Natural History, and Journal of …
- … ] Wernerian d[itt]o [ Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society ]— read …
- … in Lib. Useful Knowledge [Bacon 1827] Num 41. Ed. Review. Sir. J. Mack. on Deaf & Dumb …
- … 8vo., 9 s . 6 d . [Knapp] 1838] Read Gleanings in Natural History. By Edward Jesse, …
- … W. Meister’s Life [Goethe 1842].— Malcolm’s History of Persia [Malcolm 1815]— Colon Library …
- … St. John’s Highlands [C. W. G. Saint John 1846] History of Invention Beckman [Beckmann 1797] …
- … [DAR *119: 15v.] From Herschel’s Review Quart. June /41/ [Herschel 1841] I see I must …
- … par August. de Saint-Hilaire [Saint-Hilaire 1841]: review annal. des Scien. p. 100/41/—dull—but …
- … Jan & Feb. number 1841. Karkeek on the geological History of the Horse [Karkeek 1841]. (not read …
- … be studied . Roy Soc read Prichards. Nat: History of Man. Bailliere. 1.10 [Prichard …
- … Boston Nat: Hist: Soc: Journal of [ Boston Journal of Natural History ].— must be read. …
- … species (alluded to by Hooker) Foreign & British Med. Review by D r Forbes [ British …
- … Linnean Society of London and Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society ] Ed. …
- … Macleay’s letter to D r Fleming [Macleay 1830] Review of D[itt] o in Quarterly [Fleming …
- … ] Mag. of Zoology & Botany & continuation Annals of Natural History [ Magazine of …
- … would be serviceable to me.— —— 23 Annals of Natural History [ Annals of Natural History …
- … du rire. In–8. A. Durand . 3 fr. 117 [Dumont 1862] Goethe. — Œuvres d’histoires …
- … à Buffon.) Paris. *119: 14v. Dumont, Léon. 1862. Des causes du rire. Paris. *128: …
Dramatisation script
Summary
Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007
Matches: 24 hits
- … at which the next speech begins. THE VERY CITADEL OF NATURAL THEOLOGY: 1887-1888 In …
- … and movement but, despite this, he sends out copies of his Review of the Life of Darwin. At …
- … one of the few who fought manfully for the very citadel of natural theology. JANE GRAY: …
- … to put up, for two friends in England, copies of his ‘Review of the Life of Darwin’… pencilling the …
- … tentatively expresses his original and dangerous theory of natural selection to his friend, the …
- … spot where I shall end it. GRAY: [His] doctrine of Natural Selection… was drawn up in the …
- … you cannot imagine how pleased I am that the notion of Natural Selection has acted as a purgative on …
- … ago it occurred to me that – whilst otherwise employed on Natural History – I might perhaps do good …
- … can find made out, in geographical distribution, geological history, affinities etc. etc. etc… [And] …
- … Wallace has developed his own strikingly similar theory of natural selection. Also, Darwin’s infant …
- … if by any chance you have my little sketch of my notions of natural Selection and would see whether …
- … copies of his book ‘On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection’ and provokes strong …
- … which it has fallen since its written records tell us of its history… GRAY: 70 …
- … the formation of organs – the making of eyes, etc. – by natural selection. Some of this reads quite …
- … in the mud. BEGINNING OF WAR IN AMERICA: 1861-1862 In which the start of the American …
- … cause. Tension. THE DARWIN BOYS: 1862 In which Darwin reports one …
- … 1856 33 C DARWIN TO JD HOOKER, 14 MARCH 1862 34 JD HOOKER TO C DARWIN, …
- … HOOKER, 5 JANUARY 1860 71L AGASSIZ, JULY 1860 REVIEW IN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE …
- … C DARWIN TO A GRAY, 8 MARCH 1860 78 A GRAY, REVIEW OF ORIGIN , AMERICAN JOURNAL OF …
- … ARTICLE, ATLANTIC MONTHLY, JUNE 1860 80 A GRAY, REVIEW OF ‘ORIGIN’ IN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF …
- … 91 A GRAY, DARWINIANA, 1876 92 A GRAY, REVIEW OF ORIGIN , AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE …
- … 1861 115 A GRAY TO CHARLES WRIGHT, 17 APRIL 1862 116 A GRAY TO RW CHURCH 7 MAY …
- … 10 JUNE 1861 121 A GRAY TO C DARWIN, 31 MARCH 1862 122 JD HOOKER TO C …
- … 16 DEC 1861 124 A GRAY TO ENGELMANN, 20 FEB 1862 125 A GRAY TO C DARWIN, 31 …
Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad
Summary
At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…
Matches: 21 hits
- … 'Light will be thrown on the origin of man and his history' The first five months …
- … line: ‘Light will be thrown on the origin of man and his history’ (p. 488). Since the publication of …
- … Lyell had thrown doubt on the significance of variation and natural selection, if only he could have …
- … letter, he assured Gray that the essential question was not natural selection, but ‘ Creation …
- … book. In a February letter to the Athenæum , a weekly review of science, literature, music, and …
- … When Falconer’s account of the elephant appeared in the Natural History Review in January, …
- … with Owen when it became clear that Owen’s November 1862 description of the recently discovered …
- … own protest against Owen with the appearance of an anonymous review in the Athenæum of William …
- … viper When Carpenter’s answer to Owen’s review was judged too weak a response to the man …
- … a letter to the Athenæum in opposition to Owen’s review, in which he sought to advance his …
- … by the subordinate agency of such causes as Variation and Natural Selection’. Darwin explained his …
- … pleased with its positive approach to both transmutation and natural selection: ‘I verily believe …
- … Bentham, 19 June [1863] ). the best book of Natural History Travels ever published …
- … into a single sentence, namely that it is the best book of Natural History Travels ever published in …
- … work on mimicry in butterflies, which had been published in 1862 (see Correspondence vol. 10). …
- … to the Philosophical Institute of Canterbury in September 1862 ( see letter to Julius von Haast, 22 …
- … men, given at the Museum of Practical Geology at the end of 1862, and published as a book in early …
- … that had already occupied much of his time in 1861 and 1862. With the publication in 1862 of his …
- … a question he had been struggling with in 1861 and 1862; he wanted to determine experimentally …
- … Edinburgh, had initiated the correspondence in November 1862 with a letter correcting Darwin’s …
- … in the English journal Annals and Magazine of Natural History. In addition to following Darwin’s …
Darwin in letters, 1860: Answering critics
Summary
On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s Origin of species, printing off another 3000 copies to satisfy the demands of an audience that surprised both the publisher and the author. It wasn't long, however, before ‘the…
Matches: 24 hits
- … was Darwin’s main concern. He eagerly scrutinised each new review and was heartened to find that …
- … from Richard Owen in the April issue of the Edinburgh Review . Indeed, after reading not only …
- … the theory of creation. Asa Gray’s statement in his March review that natural selection was a …
- … a ‘most serious omission’ in his book and explained how natural selection did not necessarily lead …
- … knowing that Lyell was earnestly attempting to understand natural selection and incorporate it into …
- … George Henry Kendrick Thwaites questioned Darwin about how natural selection could explain the …
- … to questioning gradual versus saltatory species change, how natural selection could ever alter and …
- … naturalists simply did not yet understand the concept of natural selection. Even Huxley, an …
- … between artificial selection among domestic varieties and natural selection in a lecture before the …
- … Geological converts than of pursuers of other branches of natural science.’ As for why this should …
- … development. The British Association meeting, Oxford: natural selection and humans …
- … explicitly raised in February in Thomas Vernon Wollaston’s review in the Annals and Magazine of …
- … Hooker threw down the gauntlet and became a ‘referee on Natural Selection’. His performance …
- … Correspondence vol. 8 Appendix VI. Wilberforce’s review of Origin , published in the …
- … [1860] ). As the months passed by, Darwin read each review with less trepidation, commenting …
- … better than anyone else. Having been impressed by Gray’s review in the American Journal of Science …
- … Gray’s essays attempted to show that the operation of natural selection was compatible with …
- … the first article appeared in the Annals and Magazine of Natural History , and all three pieces …
- … amount of variation among plant and animal species on which natural selection could operate. He …
- … next year and published the results of the orchid study in 1862. Back to the origin of sex: …
- … He presented the results of his study in a paper of 1862 and in The different forms of flowers on …
- … and the tenaciousness exhibited in all his undertakings in natural history, he tested the …
- … could be interpreted on the basis of the theory of natural selection. As the letters between Darwin, …
- … botanical work served as models for investigation in natural history, graphically illustrating the …
Was Darwin an ecologist?
Summary
One of the most fascinating aspects of Charles Darwin’s correspondence is the extent to which the experiments he performed at his home in Down, in the English county of Kent, seem to prefigure modern scientific work in ecology.
Matches: 18 hits
- … Darwin seems to fit easily into an earlier tradition of natural history; yet the kind of experiments …
- … challenged the old, purely observational tradition of natural history, and at the same time also …
- … work could be performed. He brought his experiments into the natural world and inspired an …
- … philosophy studies the values we give or might give to the natural world and tries to establish or …
- … spring, often draw on science, philosophy, and history in order to establish an argument for action. …
- … of ideas – with many roots, and a correspondingly complex history. What’s in a name? …
- … the term ‘ecology’ clearly did not mark an epoch in the history of science; Darwin and some of his …
- … English in E. Ray Lankester’s translation of Haeckel’s History of creation in 1876; it was slow to …
- … put, in the English-speaking world, under the heading of ‘natural history’, or ‘the economy of …
- … a redrawing of disciplinary boundaries within the fields of natural history and biology. In his view …
- … environment, and left such study to an ‘uncritical’ natural history (Haeckel 1866, 2: 286–7; see …
- … with people who made collections and catalogues of natural objects: indeed, this is pretty much what …
- … An acknowledged masterpiece of eighteenth-century natural history, and an early influence on Darwin, …
- … to challenge some regard and approbation from the lovers of natural history; for, as no man can …
- … and so by degrees may pave the way to universal correct natural history’ (p. 95, 7th edition, 1836). …
- … insects, and on the good effects of intercrossing (Orchids: 1862), which was the next major work he …
- … for life . London: John Murray. Darwin, Charles. 1862. On the various contrivances by …
- … Robert C. 1957. Haeckel, Darwin, and ecology. Quarterly Review of Biology 32 : 138–44. …
Darwin in letters, 1861: Gaining allies
Summary
The year 1861 marked an important change in the direction of Darwin’s work. He had weathered the storm that followed the publication of Origin, and felt cautiously optimistic about the ultimate acceptance of his ideas. The letters from this year provide an…
Matches: 21 hits
- … twenty years, he now wished to explore the applications of natural selection that were of most …
- … full-scale investigations of fundamental features of the natural world—of sexuality, propagation, …
- … still active in promoting the acceptance of evolution and natural selection. Indeed, early in the …
- … transmutation, setting in proper relief his own mechanism of natural selection. With this …
- … those who opposed the theory on religious grounds that natural selection was not inconsistent with …
- … to examine more carefully the implications of the theory of natural selection for their particular …
- … whether in support of his views or against them. The review published in the July issue of the …
- … working of unknown laws of development in conjunction with natural selection, for Maw they remained …
- … chided him for having mingled science with religion in his review, he nonetheless recommended the …
- … between organisms. Darwin also found the review by the young geologist Frederick Wollaston …
- … the few reviewers who clearly understood that the theory of natural selection could not be ‘directly …
- … to the fifth edition of his System of logic (Mill 1862, p. 18 n.). Later in the summer Fawcett …
- … that he would soon publish empirical evidence in support of natural selection. Like his friend …
- … Bates' clear understanding of the operation of natural selection and its consequences for the …
- … 1861 ). As Peter Bowler has commented, mimicry provided natural selection its ‘greatest triumph in …
- … that it would be a ‘very valuable contribution to Nat. History.—’ ( letter to H. W. Bates, 4 April …
- … the Athenæum, in the ‘mildly episcophagous’ Natural History Review , and in other periodicals of …
- … Ever since Owen’s highly critical and, Darwin felt, unfair review of Origin , he had nursed a …
- … final manuscript, and Orchids was published in May of 1862. The time spent on his …
- … volume on orchids, a dedicated ‘case study’ in natural history founded on the doctrine of descent …
- … that he held the key to new advances in all areas of natural history, Darwin strongly urged those …
Darwin in letters, 1864: Failing health
Summary
On receiving a photograph from Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July 1864: ‘the venerable beard gives the look of your having suffered, and … of having grown older’. Because of poor health, Because of poor health, Darwin…
Matches: 27 hits
- … thus completing the work he had started on the genus in 1862. His varied botanical observations and …
- … sequel to On the origin of species by means of natural selection ( Origin ) that he had set …
- … been awarded the Copley Medal because it indicated that ‘Natural Selection [was] making some …
- … of a species by maintaining a level of variation upon which natural selection could act. In his …
- … Scott, a gardener at the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, in 1862 with a letter regarding the …
- … that Darwin’s writings had captured German students of natural philosophy, who read it ‘quasi a …
- … most pressingly’. Giving an account of how the theory of natural selection had been prefigured in …
- … the passages in which he had indicated his support for natural selection. News from France …
- … Paul Janet, who discussed Origin , but accepted natural selection only under certain conditions. …
- … While Darwin was bothered slightly by a critical review of Origin by the French physiologist, …
- … far more upset by Rudolf Albert von Kölliker’s negative review; the distinguished Swiss anatomist …
- … 1864c, p. 200). Darwin was sufficiently concerned about the review to consider replying in the pages …
- … and Kölliker, published in the October issue of the Natural History Review , argued that …
- … zoologist Louis Agassiz, whose Methods of study in natural history began with a series of …
- … entomologists in America to find evidence for the theory of natural selection. Darwin was interested …
- … and Book of Joshua critically examined (Colenso 1862–79). After reading extracts from Colenso’s …
- … Correspondence vol. 10, letter to Asa Gray, 6 November [1862] ). A declaration that Erasmus …
- … attention to the geological discussions of the 1860s. Natural selection and humans The …
- … Darwin’s correspondence reveals that interest in the early history of humans and their predecessors …
- … races and the antiquity of man deduced from the theory of “natural selection”’, Darwin’s response …
- … of Wallace’s paper as the first published application of natural selection to humans, and Darwin …
- … path of human divergence from the apes, proposing that natural selection then acted over a long …
- … mental and moral faculties that had been most affected by natural selection in humans, was new to …
- … of 28 [May 1864] . Darwin suggested a greater role for natural selection than Wallace had, …
- … at Wallace’s modesty in referring to the theory of natural selection as Darwin’s, without …
- … replied: ‘I shall always maintain it [the theory of natural selection] to be actually yours & …
- … 3 November [1864] ). Darwin and Wallace’s theory of natural selection had been at least partly …
Forms of flowers
Summary
Darwin’s book The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species, published in 1877, investigated the structural differences in the sexual organs of flowers of the same species. It drew on and expanded five articles Darwin had published on the…
Matches: 10 hits
- … of crossing species. Thomas Huxley had stated in his review of Origin that a significant—if …
- … briefly mentioned in his Primula paper. In July 1862, Darwin explained to Gray, ‘ I have …
- … of the genus Linum ’, between 11 and 21 December 1862. The paper was read at a meeting of the …
- … to Lythrum , a genus that he had begun researching in 1862 after Hooker had supplied him with …
- … of Lythrum he had been working on since late July 1862. He told Oliver that, ‘ as each form has …
- … of the crossing experiments immediately, but by October 1862, he admitted to Hooker, ‘ I am rather …
- … 117: 50). Darwin released William from counting in November 1862, telling him, ‘ Next year I shall …
- … ’. Darwin was pleasantly surprised when a very favourable review of his work on illegitimate …
- … the subtly different focus of observing ‘plants in as many natural families as possible’, explaining …
- … a mere cataloguing of organ morphology into a fascinating history of functional adaptation. …
Darwin in letters, 1858-1859: Origin
Summary
The years 1858 and 1859 were, without doubt, the most momentous of Darwin’s life. From a quiet rural existence filled with steady work on his ‘big book’ on species, he was jolted into action by the arrival of an unexpected letter from Alfred Russel Wallace…
Matches: 19 hits
- … major treatise On the origin of species by means of natural selection . The whole has …
- … and show how they could be accounted for by his theory of natural selection. Among these, the cell …
- … George Robert Waterhouse brought him up to date on the natural history of various bees and wasps. …
- … support his view that varieties were incipient species ( Natural selection, p. 145–6): …
- … nature ( see letter to Asa Gray, 4 April [1858] , and Natural selection , p. 161). By …
- … an essay in which Wallace enunciated his own theory of natural selection. Darwin’s shock and dismay …
- … I discuss the “principle of Divergence”, which with “Natural Selection” is the key-stone of my Book …
- … The writing of Origin After the theory of natural selection had finally been brought …
- … others indicate his concern about the proposed move of the natural history collections of the …
- … with other naturalists in support of a separate museum of natural history and the merger of the …
- … all, also the publisher of the conservative Quarterly Review . He sent the manuscript to Whitwell …
- … on the title ‘ On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of …
- … William Herschel, whom he so venerated, had labelled natural selection the ‘law of higgledy-piggledy …
- … critical of the concept of a blind, accidental process of natural selection and held out for design. …
- … to be tested by observation and experiment to prove that natural selection could produce all the …
- … great surprise, The Times carried a highly favourable review. ‘Certainly I should have said that …
- … Huxley admitted his authorship to Darwin and wrote a longer review for the December issue of …
- … can see no difficulty in a race of bears being rendered, by natural selection, more and more aquatic …
- … passage was ridiculed because it was taken to mean that by natural selection a bear could be …
Darwin in letters, 1865: Delays and disappointments
Summary
The year was marked by three deaths of personal significance to Darwin: Hugh Falconer, a friend and supporter; Robert FitzRoy, captain of the Beagle; and William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and father of Darwin’s friend…
Matches: 12 hits
- … it has taken to work up to a knowledge of gravity & Natural selection, we really do seem a …
- … to explain his theory of descent and the operation of natural selection in greater detail than …
- … on Verbascum. Darwin had suggested to Scott in 1862, when Scott was working at the Royal Botanic …
- … vol. 10, letter to John Scott, 19 November [1862] ). Darwin had already written to Hooker of …
- … certain limits. Campbell distinguished between laws such as natural selection, which determined the …
- … this distinction in Origin , and had written ‘of natural selection “producing” this and that …
- … D. Campbell 1864, pp. 275–6). Campbell argued further that natural selection could not account for …
- … disturbing the serenity of the Christian world’ (Brewster 1862, p. 3). John Hutton Balfour, though …
- … vol. 10, letter from J. H. Balfour, 14 January 1862 ). According to Hooker, Balfour’s prejudice …
- … in the Midwestern United States, and Asa Gray wrote a long review of ‘Climbing plants’ in the …
- … unacknowledged use of Lubbock’s earlier articles in the Natural History Review . He also cited a …
- … they had read or were reading William Lecky’s History of the rise and influence of the spirit of …
Darwin in letters, 1869: Forward on all fronts
Summary
At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of Origin. He may have resented the interruption to his work on sexual selection and human evolution, but he spent forty-six days on the task. Much of the…
Matches: 17 hits
- … addition to Origin was a response to a critique of natural selection by Carl Wilhelm von Nägeli, …
- … made for his personal use. While not entirely dismissing natural selection, Nägeli had assigned it …
- … critique inspired many to reassess their support for natural selection (see Cittadino 1990, pp. 122 …
- … that while the function of leaves could be modified by natural selection, their arrangement, which …
- … Jenkin. Darwin had been very impressed by Jenkin’s 1867 review, which argued that any variation in …
- … in 1872, more than a year after Descent . Natural selection and humans: differences with …
- … to Darwin about a forthcoming article in the Quarterly Review : ‘I venture for the first time …
- … powers of language – could not have evolved through natural selection, because they conferred no …
- … the agency of ‘a Power which has guided the action of [natural] laws in definite directions and for …
- … proponent of spiritualism, which he viewed as a wholly natural phenomenon, subject to scientific …
- … modest about his co-authorship of the theory of descent by natural selection: ‘you are the only man …
- … subject that he had been acquiring since its publication in 1862. Darwin asked his son William to …
- … The book, an explication of Darwinian evolution through the natural history of crustaceans, had …
- … in scientific literature, and the appearance of Delpino’s review in Scientific Opinion allowed …
- … wrote to Hooker, regretting only that Nature did not review more foreign articles ( letter to J …
- … in Zagreb, Spiridion Brusina, to adorn diplomas of a new natural history society in Croatia ( …
- … illustrious modern naturalist; author of the “Theory of Natural Selection”’. Darwin was full …
Rewriting Origin - the later editions
Summary
For such an iconic work, the text of Origin was far from static. It was a living thing that Darwin continued to shape for the rest of his life, refining his ‘one long argument’ through a further five English editions. Many of his changes were made in…
Matches: 11 hits
- … (never published, but which he had intended to call 'Natural Selection ' ), and …
- … was prefaced by a long list of alterations. Tracing the history of the editions through Darwin’s …
- … reference to whales and bears . Even the term 'natural selection' came under fire , …
- … in April 1861 1 st French edition published May 1862 2d German translation, 1863 …
- … as he explained to Wyman was in suggesting how natural selection could operate on colour, a …
- … complained 'that you do not understand what I mean by Natural Selection' : …
- … edition, Bronn’s second German translation, published in 1862, contained revisions not made in the …
- … already revised Origin for a second French edition. ‘Natural Hist. progresses so quickly’, he …
- … squirreled away for the 4 th edition, and his use of natural selection to explain mimicry in …
- … the various objections recently raised against the theory of Natural Selection. (With a glossary of …
- … had already been whetted by Thomas Henry Huxley’s review of Mivart: ‘I have read Huxley and enjoyed …
Women as a scientific audience
Summary
Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…
Matches: 4 hits
- … lady”. Darwin, E. to Darwin, W. E. , (March 1862 - DAR 219.1:49) Emma Darwin …
- … to as such questions “seem almost...out of a woman’s natural thinking”. Letter 8778 …
- … 1868] James Samuel, editor of Popular Science Review , writes to Darwin in order to …
- … does not know if he has ever been so charmed with a work of natural history. His letter includes “a …
Race, Civilization, and Progress
Summary
Darwin's first reflections on human progress were prompted by his experiences in the slave-owning colony of Brazil, and by his encounters with the Yahgan peoples of Tierra del Fuego. Harsh conditions, privation, poor climate, bondage and servitude,…
Matches: 10 hits
- … as Charles Lyell and Alfred Russel Wallace placed limits on natural selection as applied to human …
- … W. to Darwin, 6 November 1865 "so far as I can see, History, & even Tradition, as …
- … of Origin (1872), Darwin tried to clarify his position: "natural selection, or the survival …
- … R. to Lyell, C., 11 October [1859] "the theory of natural selection ...implies no …
- … Development or Evolution cannot be entirely explained by Natural Selection I rather hail Wallace’s …
- … Letter 3439 : Darwin to Kingsley, Charles, 6 February [1862] "It is very true what …
- … Graham, William, 3 July 1881 "I could show fight on natural selection having done and …
- … [ available at archive.org ] E. B. Tylor, Early History of Mankind (1865) [ available …
- … races and the antiquity of man deduced from the theory of natural selection", Anthropological …
- … George. Race, Culture, and Evolution: Essays in the History of Anthropology . New York: The Free …
Darwin in letters, 1867: A civilised dispute
Summary
Charles Darwin’s major achievement in 1867 was the completion of his large work, The variation of animals and plants under domestication (Variation). The importance of Darwin’s network of correspondents becomes vividly apparent in his work on expression in…
Matches: 9 hits
- … works, a book by the duke of Argyll, and an anonymous review by an engineer, Henry Charles Fleeming …
- … as elucidated in On the origin of species by means of natural selection ( Origin ) and in On …
- … Vogt 1863) from German into French. With a background in natural history, native fluency in English, …
- … which, he argued, was ‘less rigid’ in its action than natural selection since it did not ‘entail …
- … would confirm points that Darwin had only conjectured in his 1862 study, On the various contrivances …
- … to the theory of the transmutation of species through natural selection. In January 1867, the …
- … to his theory, an anonymous critique in the North British Review, which he described as ‘one of the …
- … ( letter from Charles Kingsley, 6 June 1867 ). The review had, in fact, been written by an …
- … In the same letter, Darwin reported on a favourable review from an unlikely source. George Warington …
1.2 George Richmond, marriage portrait
Summary
< Back to Introduction Few likenesses of Darwin in his youth survive, although more may once have existed. In a letter of 1873 an old Shrewsbury friend, Arthur Mostyn Owen, offered to send Darwin a watercolour sketch of him, painted many years…
Matches: 4 hits
- … copy from the latter. Evidence for the history of the Down House portraits after they …
- … for Dec. 1839. Joseph Hooker, letter to Darwin, 17 March 1862 (DCP-LETT-3474). Erasmus Darwin, …
- … Biography . Julius Bryant, English Heritage Collections Review , 2 (1999), p. 37. Janet Browne, …
- … and Jane Munro (eds), Endless Forms: Charles Darwin, Natural Science and the Visual Arts (New …
Cross and self fertilisation
Summary
The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…
Matches: 8 hits
- … by insects, and on the good effects of intercrossing (1862), and in several papers on plants with …
- … ). In June 1876, Darwin had supposedly nutrient-free and natural soil samples analysed by Edward …
- … help his father going over proofs. Darwin sent a chapter for review but advised, ‘I earnestly beg …
- … dull. Still I believe that the results are valuable. If you review the book, I shall be very curious …
- … Alphonse de Candolle 16 December 1876 ). One critical review came from Alfred Wallace, who …
- … that appeared were also positive, but George Henslow, in his review in Gardeners’ Chronicle , …
- … is full of your Cross & Self Fertilization & about to review it for “Nature”— he gloats over …
- … ). Darwin was especially pleased with Gray’s review, and told him, ‘Your abstract of my book is …
Darwin in letters,1870: Human evolution
Summary
The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the year at work on the Descent of Man & Selection in relation to Sex’. Descent was the culmination of over three decades of observations and reflections on…
Matches: 12 hits
- … including vigorous objections to the application of natural selection to humans from Alfred Russel …
- … Wallace had expressed reservations about the application of natural selection to the development of …
- … new book, titled Contributions to the theory of natural selection , was dedicated to Darwin. When …
- … had communicated his own version of the theory of descent by natural selection in a letter to Darwin …
- … urged Darwin to respond to it directly in the form of a review: ‘I have been having some …
- … Mivart Another set of objections to the extension of natural selection to human evolution …
- … series of articles, titled ‘Difficulties of the theory of natural selection’, in the Roman Catholic …
- … homologies could not have arisen through the operation of natural selection alone, and that these …
- … anything but gratitude & sincere esteem for the author of “natural selection” but I heartily …
- … complained, ‘. . . that you had done no more than collect natural history specimens and that you had …
- … Cambridge, taking third place in first-class honours in the natural sciences tripos in December. He …
- … in viewing the war as a ‘necessary consequence of natural conditions’, ‘a most dreadful “struggle …
