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Darwin Correspondence Project

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Darwin Correspondence Project
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18 Items

Darwin in letters, 1858-1859: Origin

Summary

The years 1858 and 1859 were, without doubt, the most momentous of Darwin’s life. From a quiet rural existence filled with steady work on his ‘big book’ on species, he was jolted into action by the arrival of an unexpected letter from Alfred Russel Wallace…

Matches: 25 hits

  • … The years 1858 and 1859 were, without doubt, the most momentous of Darwin’s life. From …
  • … of organic change at the Linnean Society of London in July 1858 and prompted the composition and …
  • … from these years. The 'big book' The year 1858 opened with Darwin hard at …
  • … on hybridism, on 29 December 1857, Darwin began in January 1858 to prepare the next chapter, ‘Mental …
  • … facts on record.—’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 31 January [1858] ). In addition to behaviour such as …
  • … occurred in nature ( see letter to Asa Gray, 4 April [1858] , and  Natural selection , p. 161). …
  • … you have seen,’ he told Hooker in his letter of 8 [June 1858] , ‘yet I have been forced to …
  • … best.—’ Other topics discussed in the letters of 1858 also relate to questions that Darwin …
  • … much of his research completed, Darwin began in mid-June 1858 to write up the results of his study …
  • … of my Chapters.’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 18 [June 1858] ). As was his custom, Darwin did …
  • … endorsement, the editors have dated the letter 18 [June 1858]. However, the accuracy of Darwin’s …
  • … Darwin received Wallace’s letter and manuscript on 3 June 1858, the same day that another letter …
  • … 2). The correspondence between mid-May and mid-June 1858 provides some circumstantial …
  • … of anxiety. He says in a letter to Syms Covington, 18 May [1858], that he expects the publication of …
  • … full well you will be dreadfully severe.—’ On 18 [May 1858], he again tells Hooker: ‘There is not …
  • … the Darwin–Wallace papers at the Linnean Society on 1 July 1858, including a letter from Wallace to …
  • … days immediately following his letter to Lyell. On 18 June 1858, his eldest daughter, Henrietta Emma …
  • … did not attend the meeting of the Linnean Society on 1 July 1858. The writing of Origin …
  • … a ‘small volume’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 October [1858] ). Begun while he was in Sandown on …
  • … detailed sections for his ‘big book’. In September 1858 he finished his manuscript discussion of …
  • … experiments on bees’ cells continued through the autumn of 1858, even though he had completed a …
  • … the most difficult challenge to his views. In November 1858, he communicated a long summary of his …
  • … letter to Gardeners’ Chronicle, [before 13 November 1858] ), in which he presented the evidence for …
  • … of publishing (see ‘Journal’; Appendix II). Twice in 1858 and three times in 1859 he had gone to …
  • … we run two horses’ ( letter to W. E. Darwin, 6 October [1858] ). Visitors to Down and trips to …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 4 hits

  • … and gratefully Charles Darwin. CREED AND FEVER: 1858 In which Gray expresses his …
  • … Origin of Species…’ FOUNDATIONS OF FAITH: 1857-1858 In which Gray and Hooker begin …
  • … 1856 24  C DARWIN TO JD HOOKER, 13 JULY 1858 25  C DARWIN TO JD HOOKER, …
  • … OF COMMON PRAYER 47  C DARWIN TO A GRAY, 4 JULY 1858 48  C DARWIN TO LYELL …

Dates of composition of Darwin's manuscript on species

Summary

Many of the dates of letters in 1856 and 1857 were based on or confirmed by reference to Darwin’s manuscript on species (DAR 8--15.1, inclusive; transcribed and published as Natural selection). This manuscript, begun in May 1856, was nearly completed by…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … manuscript, begun in May 1856, was nearly completed by June 1858. At that point Darwin was …
  • … theory of transmutation ( letter to Charles Lyell, 18 [June 1858] ). Darwin recorded in his …
  • … 10 9 March 1858 Mental powers and the instincts of …
  • … [4] 12 June 1858 [3] [Discussion on large genera and …
  • … [6] 12 June 1858 [Correcting chapter 6] (DAR 10.2: 26a- …
  • … intended to be added to chapter 4 was completed on 14 April 1858. Stauffer considers the alterations …

Fake Darwin: myths and misconceptions

Summary

Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, with full debunking below...

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, …

Controversy

Summary

The best-known controversies over Darwinian theory took place in public or in printed reviews. Many of these were highly polemical, presenting an over-simplified picture of the disputes. Letters, however, show that the responses to Darwin were extremely…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … Letter 2285 — Darwin, C. R. to Lyell, Charles, 18 [June 1858] Darwin writes to Lyell and …
  • … Letter 2294 — Darwin, C. R. to Lyell, Charles, [25 June 1858] Darwin writes to Lyell saying …
  • … Letter 2295 — Darwin, C. R. to Lyell, Charles, 26 [June 1858] Darwin writes to Lyell and …
  • … Hooker, J. D. & Lyell, Charles to Linnean Society, 30 June 1858 Hooker and Lyell write …
  • … Letter 2306 — Darwin, C. R. to Hooker, J. D., 13 [July 1858] Darwin writes to Hooker, saying …
  • … Letter 2337 — Wallace, A. R. to Hooker, J. D., 6 Oct 1858 Darwin thanks Hooker and Lyell for …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Letter 2221 - Blyth, E. to Darwin, [22 February 1858] Edward Blyth, curator of the …
  • … Letter 2345 - Darwin to Hooker, J. D., [20 October 1858] Darwin describes to Joseph …

Origin

Summary

Darwin’s most famous work, Origin, had an inauspicious beginning. It grew out of his wish to establish priority for the species theory he had spent over twenty years researching. Darwin never intended to write Origin, and had resisted suggestions in 1856…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … a similar  theory by Alfred Russel Wallace in June 1858. In the aftermath of the first public …
  • … a longer abstract of his species theory . On 5 July 1858, Darwin stated his intention to start work …
  • … was writing his essay on the flora of Australia in December 1858, he asked to borrow Darwin’s ‘ …
  • … convert. ’ Making the book By mid-October 1858, Darwin had expected that his abstract …
  • … was having, and the fulfilment of his stated aim in July 1858 when he began to write his abstract: ‘ …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 22 hits

  • … by Decaisne on Fruit Trees. Le Jardin Fruitier [Decaisne 1858–75]. (Pears.) [DAR *128: 167] …
  • … important Hookers letter Jan. 1859 Yules Ava [Yule 1858] (Innes) Hairy woman— (Read) …
  • … [DAR *128: 154] Passionate Pilgrim [Thurstan 1858] (Read) Combes Constitution of Man …
  • … Life [Smiles 1857] [DAR 128: 22] 1858 Hewitsons Oology [Hewitson [1833 …
  • … [Audubon 1831–9]— [DAR 128: 23] 1858 Life of Montaigne by B. St. John …
  • … & Last F. Smith Cat. of Ants in B. Mus. [F. Smith 1858] Zoologist [ Zoologist ] …
  • … 1847]. March 10. Ellis 3 Visits to Madagascar [Ellis 1858] —— 16 Zoologist [ …
  • … June 20. Carlyles Frederick the Great [Carlyle 1858–65] (very moderate) July 15 Dana Two …
  • … Society from 1822 to 1841 then vice-secretary from 1841 to 1858. 40  ‘Jardine’s … Bees …
  • … . 2 vols. London.  *119: 15; 119: 17b ——. 1858–65.  History of Frederick II. of Prussia, …
  • … excursions . London.  128: 10 Decaisne, Joseph. 1858–75.  Le jardin fruitiere du   …
  • … and fancy pigeons . London. [Darwin Library; 2d ed. (1858) also in Darwin Library.]  128: 8 …
  • … Edinburgh. [Other eds.]  128: 25 Ellis, William. 1858.  Three visits to Madagascar during …
  • … on mental physiology.  London. [Darwin Library; 2d ed. (1858) also in Darwin Library.]  128: 2 …
  • … Scientific Library.) London.  128: 9 ——. 1858.  Sea-side studies at Ilfracombe, Tenby, …
  • … [Other eds.]  119: 22b [Marsh, Catherine M.]. 1858.  English hearts and English hands; or …
  • …   Elgin’s mission to China and Japan in the years 1857, 1858,   1859 . 2 vols. Edinburgh and …
  • … [Darwin Library.]  *128: 157 Saint John, Bayle. 1858.  Montaigne the essayist. A   …
  • … Gray. London. [Darwin Library.]  128: 18 ——. 1858.  Catalogue of British fossorial …
  • … Thurstan, Henry J.  pseud . (Francis Turner Palgrave). 1858.  The passionate pilgrim; or, Eros …
  • … [Other eds.]  *119: 18v.; 119: 13a Yule, Henry. 1858.  A narrative of the mission sent by …
  • … Handlingar . Stockholm. 1739–56, 1756–1856. New series, 1858–.  119: 8a Letters and …

Before Origin: the ‘big book’

Summary

Darwin began ‘sorting notes for Species Theory’ on 9 September 1854, the very day he concluded his eight-year study of barnacles (Darwin's Journal). He had long considered the question of species. In 1842, he outlined a theory of transmutation in a…

Matches: 9 hits

  • … a half chapters of his Big Book between May 1856 and June 1858. With a total of around a quarter …
  • … he had complained to Hooker in December 1856. By mid-1858, only the first chapter on breeding …
  • … read Darwin’s draft discussion of the results in April 1858. Darwin was anxious to know whether this …
  • … end ’. Darwin continued to write steadily until April 1858, when he again needed to visit Moor …
  • … did ‘wonderful good’, Darwin recommenced writing in May 1858. ‘This work will be my biggest’, he …
  • … men of science he felt could judge it adequately. On 18 June 1858, Darwin received a now lost letter …
  • … have been equally pleased. Writing to his mother in October 1858, Wallace stated ‘I sent Mr. Darwin …
  • … the second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858 (Cambridge University Press) …
  • … explain the receipt of Wallace's Ternate Essay by Darwin in 1858, Biological Journal of the …

Darwin in letters,1870: Human evolution

Summary

The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the year at work on the Descent of Man & Selection in relation to Sex’.  Descent was the culmination of over three decades of observations and reflections on…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … April [1870] ). Darwin alluded here to the famous events of 1858,When Wallace had communicated his …

Darwin in letters, 1865: Delays and disappointments

Summary

The year was marked by three deaths of personal significance to Darwin: Hugh Falconer, a friend and supporter; Robert FitzRoy, captain of the Beagle; and William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and father of Darwin’s friend…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … it , a love-story set in the Indian Mutiny of 1857 to 1858 ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [17 June 1865 …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … of the summer, one that he said he owed to Gray’s 1858 paper on the coiling of tendrils in  …

Darwin in letters, 1856-1857: the 'Big Book'

Summary

In May 1856, Darwin began writing up his 'species sketch’ in earnest. During this period, his working life was completely dominated by the preparation of his 'Big Book', which was to be called Natural selection. Using letters are the main…

Matches: 1 hits

  • …  in October 1857, to be followed by a second notice in 1858. Geographical distribution: seeds …

Darwin in letters, 1844–1846: Building a scientific network

Summary

The scientific results of the Beagle voyage still dominated Darwin's working life, but he broadened his continuing investigations into the nature and origin of species. Far from being a recluse, Darwin was at the heart of British scientific society,…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … The scientific results of the  Beagle  voyage still dominated Darwin's working life, but …

Darwin in letters, 1860: Answering critics

Summary

On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s Origin of species, printing off another 3000 copies to satisfy the demands of an audience that surprised both the publisher and the author. It wasn't long, however, before ‘the…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … recommenced writing his chapter on pigeons (interrupted in 1858 by the receipt of Wallace’s …

Darwin in letters, 1851-1855: Death of a daughter

Summary

The letters from these years reveal the main preoccupations of Darwin’s life with a new intensity. The period opens with a family tragedy in the death of Darwin’s oldest and favourite daughter, Anne, and it shows how, weary and mourning his dead child,…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … The letters from these years reveal the main preoccupations of Darwin’s life with a new intensity. …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom , published on 10 November …

Orundellico (Jemmy Button)

Summary

Orundellico was one of the Yahgan, or canoe people of the southern part of Tierra del Fuego.  He was the fourth hostage taken by Robert FitzRoy, captain of HMS Beagle, in 1830 following the theft of the small surveying boat. This fourteen-year old boy was…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … his brothers demanding more gifts and goods from them. In 1858, after the mission rules were changed …