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Darwin in letters, 1847-1850: Microscopes and barnacles
Summary
Darwin's study of barnacles, begun in 1844, took him eight years to complete. The correspondence reveals how his interest in a species found during the Beagle voyage developed into an investigation of the comparative anatomy of other cirripedes and…
Matches: 19 hits
- … Darwin wrote to his friend and confidant Joseph Dalton Hooker: ‘I hope this next summer to finish my …
- … my species-work’ ( Correspondence vol. 3, letter to J. D. Hooker, [5 or 12 November 1845] ). …
- … Of special interest are the nine letters from Joseph Dalton Hooker written during his expedition in …
- … and frequently dangerous travels through the mountains. Hooker writes of the complicated geology of …
- … of the Sikkim Himalaya. In the midst of all this activity, Hooker responds to Darwin’s particular …
- … other. Geology, and geological controversy Hooker’s letters illuminate the role of the …
- … Herschel, to write the chapter on geology ( letter to J. F. W. Herschel, 4 February [1848] ). …
- … on board ship ( see letter to Richard Owen, [26 March 1848] ). Darwin’s chapter plainly calls on …
- … a notion which was roundly criticised by William Hopkins in 1848. Hopkins maintained that transport …
- … that such a monograph was a ‘desideratum’ ( letter to J. L. R. Agassiz, 22 October 1848 ), was …
- … the group, turned over some notes he had made, and, early in 1848, obtained permission for Darwin to …
- … & Species theory al Diabolo together During 1848, Darwin examined the genera Ibla …
- … are clearly expressed in his letters; he also pointed out to Hooker that it was his species theory …
- … of the sexes from an ancestral hermaphrodite in his Notebook D ( Notebooks ) and had subsequently …
- … or pistils ( Correspondence vol. 2, letter from J. S. Henslow, 21 November 1840 ). The sexual …
- … this importance comes through in his happy protestations to Hooker: ‘But I can hardly explain what I …
- … you say, my species theory is all gospel.—’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 10 May 1848 ). Once …
- … to H. E. Strickland, 29 January [1849] . As Darwin wrote to J. D. Hooker, who had warned him …
- … this period, especially in 1847 and during the last half of 1848 and the beginning of 1849. When his …
Darwin’s study of the Cirripedia
Summary
Darwin’s work on barnacles, conducted between 1846 and 1854, has long posed problems for historians. Coming between his transmutation notebooks and the Origin of species, it has frequently been interpreted as a digression from Darwin’s species work. Yet…
Matches: 4 hits
- … to hermaphrodite cirripedes, for example, Darwin informed Hooker of this interesting discovery and …
- … Toward the end of his study of Balanus , in a letter to Hooker on 25 September [1853] ( …
- … well; he reported in a letter to Richard Owen, 26 March 1848 , that he strongly recommended it to …
- … of his theory of evolution can be recognised. Indeed, both Hooker and Huxley believed that the …
Scientific Practice
Summary
Specialism|Experiment|Microscopes|Collecting|Theory Letter writing is often seen as a part of scientific communication, rather than as integral to knowledge making. This section shows how correspondence could help to shape the practice of science, from…
Matches: 16 hits
- … Letter 4895 — Darwin, C. R. to Müller, J. F. T., 20 Sept [1865] Darwin thanks Müller for …
- … thinks seems probable. Letter 5173 — Müller, J. F. T. to Darwin, C. R., 2 Aug 1866 …
- … to be dichogamous. Letter 5429 — Müller, J. F. T. to Darwin, C. R., 4 Mar 1867 …
- … of other species. Letter 5480 — Müller, J. F. T. to Darwin, C. R., 1 Apr 1867 …
- … Letter 5551 — Darwin, C. R. to Müller, J. F. T., 26 May [1867] Darwin thanks Müller for …
- … Letter 207 — Darwin, C. R. to Fox, W. D., 23 May 1833 Darwin tells Fox to buy a microscope. …
- … to geology. Letter 1018 — Darwin, C. R. to Hooker, J. D., [6 Nov 1846] Darwin …
- … full of observations on barnacles and he would like to meet Hooker in London. Letter 1166 …
- … Owen might discuss the topic [in his contribution to J. F. W. Herschel, ed., Manual of scientific …
- … superior”. Letter 1174 — Darwin, C. R. to Hooker, J. D., 10 May 1848 Darwin …
- … result of applying it to cirripede sexual systems. He tells Hooker that he sent Owen an account of …
- … book. Letter 1140 — Darwin, C. R. to Ross, J. C., 31 Dec 1847 Darwin asks Ross to …
- … C. R. to Gould, A. A., 20 Aug [1849] Darwin thanks J. D. Dana for cirripede specimens. Darwin …
- … This collection of letters, written between Darwin and Hooker whilst Darwin was preparing his …
- … history. Letter 1202 — Darwin, C. R. to Hooker, J. D., 6 Oct [1848] Darwin writes …
- … name to specific name. Letter 1220 — Hooker, J. D. to Darwin, C. R., 3 Feb 1849 …
Scientific Networks
Summary
Friendship|Mentors|Class|Gender In its broadest sense, a scientific network is a set of connections between people, places, and things that channel the communication of knowledge, and that substantially determine both its intellectual form and content,…
Matches: 11 hits
- … tapping into the networks of others, such as Joseph Dalton Hooker and Asa Gray, who were at leading …
- … of face-to-face contact. His correspondence with Joseph Hooker and Asa Gray illustrates how close …
- … The first is between Darwin and his friend Kew botanist J. D. Hooker. The second is between Darwin …
- … Letter 736 — Darwin, C. R. to Hooker, J. D., 23 Feb [1844] Darwin begins with a charming …
- … sends a list of plants from Gray’s Manual of botany [1848] and asks him to append the ranges of …
- … Letter 1202 — Darwin, C. R. to Hooker, J. D., 6 Oct [1848] Darwin catches up on personal …
- … name to specific name. Letter 1220 — Hooker, J. D. to Darwin, C. R., 3 Feb 1849 In …
- … Letter 1260 — Darwin, C. R. to Hooker, J. D., 12 Oct 1849 Darwin opens by discussing their …
- … of gneiss. Letter 1319 — Hooker, J. D. to Darwin, C. R., 6 & 7 Apr 1850 Hooker …
- … Letter 1189 — Darwin, C. R. to Henslow, J. S., 2 July [1848] Darwin criticises the lecturing …
- … Letter 1176 — Darwin, C. R. to Darwin, Emma, [20–1 May 1848] Darwin writes to his wife Emma. …
Darwin’s reading notebooks
Summary
In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…
Matches: 27 hits
- … 4 [Pierquin de Gembloux 1839]. Said to be good by D r L. Lindsay 5 [DAR *119: 1v. …
- … [A. von Humboldt 1811] Richardson’s Fauna Borealis [J. Richardson 1829–37] …
- … Brown 1814] & at the end of Congo voyage [R. Brown 1818]. (Hooker 923) 7 read …
- … on Annals of Nat. Hist. [Jenyns 1838] Prichard; a 3 d . vol [Prichard 1836–47] Lawrence [W. …
- … Teneriffe. in Pers. Narr. [A. von Humboldt 1814–29] D r Royle on Himmalaya types [Royle …
- … reference to authors about E. Indian Islands 8 consult D r Horsfield [Horsfield 1824] …
- … sheep [Youatt 1831, 1834, 1837]. Verey Philosophie d’Hist. Nat. [Virey 1835] read …
- … Paper on consciousness in brutes Blackwood June 1838 [J. F. Ferrie 1838]. H. C. Watson on …
- … Crawford Eastern Archipelago [Crawfurd 1820] Raffeles d[itt]o [T. S. B. Raffles 1817] …
- … to White Nat. Hist of Selbourne [E. T. Bennett ed. 1837 and [J. Rennie] ed. 1833] read 19 : …
- … what have they written.? “Hunt” [J. Hunt 1806] p. 290 …
- … He is Horticulturist in France. Michaux, according to Hooker has written on topography of N. …
- … chiefly on distribution of forms said to be Poor Sir. J. Edwards Botanical Tour [?J. E. Smith …
- … Butler. 3. first sermons [Butler 1834] recommended by Sir. J. Mackintosh J. Long Moral Nature …
- … 1842]. Life of D. of Marlborough [A. Alison 1848]— (read) Montagus Translat of Visa …
- … ]. many very useful papers for me:— not in Hort. Soc. Hooker? Rogets Bridgewater Treatise …
- … —— Mauritius & C. of Good Hope Hooker recommends order [Backhouse …
- … 1834] (& of Europe?) [Gould 1832–7] & of Australia [Gould 1848]; well worth studying for …
- … Decandolles Veg: Organ: } recommended by Hooker . [A. P. de …
- … C. Watson 1845]— gives up permanent species (alluded to by Hooker) Foreign & British Med. …
- … [Dandolo 1825] /good/ M rs Whitby [Whitby 1848] In Library of Entomological Society & …
- … 43 Lindley’s Vegetable Kingdom [Lindley 1846]. Hooker says very good for my purpose …
- … Phytologist [ Phytologist ] must be read . Hooker. read Fortune’s Travels in China …
- … [E. Phipps 1850] L d . Harveys Memoirs [Hervey 1848] Cuming Lion Hunter [Cumming …
- … 1818] (Brougham) Ermans Travels in Siberia [Erman 1848] (Boot) 44 (read) Bethunes …
- … Horace Walpoles letter to C t . of Ossory [Walpole 1848] Lamb’s Letters [Lamb 1837] (read) …
- … [Godwin 1835] Brookes last Journal by Mundy [Mundy 1848] Goldsmiths life by Forster …
Darwin's health
Summary
On 28 March 1849, ten years before Origin was published, Darwin wrote to his good friend Joseph Hooker from Great Malvern in Worcestershire, where Dr James Manby Gully ran a fashionable water-cure establishment. Darwin apologised for his delayed reply to…
Matches: 17 hits
- … was published, Darwin wrote to his good friend Joseph Hooker from Great Malvern in Worcestershire, …
- … establishment. Darwin apologised for his delayed reply to Hooker’s letter which he put down to his …
- … he took Dr Gully’s water cure. In Darwin’s letter to Hooker, he described Dr Gully’s treatment: …
- … ill health, which increased in severity in the years around 1848, 1852, 1859, and 1863. In a letter …
- … vomiting wonderfully & I am gaining vigour .’ (letter to J. D. Hooker, 13 April [1864] ) …
- … (see, for example, Correspondence vol. 2, letter to J. S. Henslow, 14 October [1837] , …
- … attacks of ‘periodical vomiting’ in a letter to W. D. Fox, [7 June 1840] ( Correspondence vol …
- … 1849] , and ‘vomiting every week’ in his letter to J. D. Hooker, 28 March 1849 ( …
- … Correspondence vol. 12, letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, [6 May 1864] ). According to Emma …
- … decision to consult John Chapman. In a letter to J. D. Hooker, [20-] 22 February [1864] ( …
- … entries and correspondence during periods of sickness in 1848, 1852, and 1859 (see Colp 1977, pp. 38 …
- … Correspondence vol. 4, letter to Emma Darwin, [27-8 May 1848] . See also Browne 1995, pp. 428-9 …
- … from gout (see Correspondence vol. 1, letter to W. D. Fox, [25-9 January 1829] , and …
- … discussed in Colp 1977, pp. 31-2, 47, 98. In his letter to J. D. Hooker, 5 March [1863] ( …
- … also Correspondence vol. 12, letter from Emma Darwin to J. D. Hooker, 17 March [1864] . …
- … for several years (see Correspondence vol. 4, letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 October 1849 , and …
- … his chronic vomiting ( Correspondence vol. 12, letter to J. D. Hooker, 13 April [1864] ). …
Dramatisation script
Summary
Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007
Matches: 26 hits
- … writings of Asa Gray, Charles Darwin, Joseph Dalton Hooker, Jane Loring Gray Louis Agassiz, Adam …
- … this actor uses the words of Jane Loring Gray, Joseph Dalton Hooker, Hugh Falconer, Louis Agassiz, …
- … of natural selection to his friend, the botanist, Joseph D Hooker GRAY: 3 Charles …
- … year 1839, and copied and communicated to Messrs Lyell and Hooker in 1844, being a part of …
- … DARWIN: 7 January 1844. My dear Hooker. I have been …engaged in a very presumptuous work …
- … the opportunity I enjoyed of making your acquaintance at Hooker’s three years ago; and besides that …
- … sheet of note-paper! DARWIN: 11 My dear Hooker… What a remarkably nice and kind …
- … 22 Hurrah I got yesterday my 41st Grass! Hooker is younger than Darwin and Gray by …
- … species before… DARWIN: 24 My dear Hooker… you cannot imagine how pleased I am …
- … on your bowels of immutability. Darwin passes to Hooker a brace of letters 25 …
- … there is a little rap for you. GRAY: 26 Hooker [is] dreadfully paradoxical to …
- … as well as any man. I send it… Darwin passes to Hooker an envelope of seeds. …
- … and Hawks have often been seen in mid Atlantic. HOOKER: 28 Thanks for your letter …
- … pleased to have. DARWIN: 33 My dear Hooker. Thanks, also, for [your] Photograph, …
- … expression and so by no means does you justice. HOOKER: 34 I believe I have very …
- … beguiled into should ‘rile’ you, as you say it does… Hooker rightly tells me, I have no business to …
- … make a very audacious remark in opposition to what I imagine Hooker has been writing and to your own …
- … to tell you, that before I had ever corresponded with you, Hooker had shown me several of your …
- … – a Scottish paleobotanist and contemporary of Darwin and Hooker – splutters… FALCONER: …
- … I can see that you have already corrupted and half-spoiled Hooker!! DARWIN: Now when I see …
- … out much fuller in my sketch copied in 1844, and read by Hooker some dozen years ago…. I should be …
- … world to come. DARWIN: 56 My dearest Hooker, You will, and so will Mrs Hooker, be …
- … FOUNDATIONS OF FAITH: 1857-1858 In which Gray and Hooker begin to consider the theological …
- … which he and Gray can pour their thoughts and anxieties. Hooker is the more agitated and anxious; …
- … XVII, 1882 4 C DARWIN TO JD HOOKER 10 MAY 1848 5 C DARWIN TO JD HOOKER …
- … C DARWIN, 18–19 AUGUST 1862 149 C DARWIN TO J. D. HOOKER 26 JULY 1863 150 …
Darwin in letters,1866: Survival of the fittest
Summary
The year 1866 began well for Charles Darwin, as his health, after several years of illness, was now considerably improved. In February, Darwin received a request from his publisher, John Murray, for a new edition of Origin. Darwin got the fourth…
Matches: 19 hits
- … on publishers, decried on one occasion by Joseph Dalton Hooker as ‘Penny-wise Pound foolish, …
- … Fuller consideration of Darwin’s work was given by Hooker in an evening speech on insular floras at …
- … me any harm—any how I can’t be idle’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 24 August [1866] ). Towards …
- … continued to refine his hypothesis in 1866. He wrote to Hooker on 16 May [1866] , ‘I … am at work …
- … it was too big. ‘You must congratulate me’, he wrote to Hooker, ‘when you hear that I have sent M.S. …
- … Animals & Cult. Plants” to Printers’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 24 December [1866] ). When …
- … of Darwin’s closest scientific friends and correspondents. Hooker’s research on alpine floras, Henry …
- … have survived and appear in this volume), drawing Darwin, Hooker, and the botanist Charles James Fox …
- … bigotted to the last inch, & will not yield’, he wrote to Hooker, who attached greater weight to …
- … more than the belief of a dozen physicists’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [28 February 1866] ). Darwin …
- … ‘Your father … entered at the same time with Dr B. J. who received him with triumph. All his friends …
- … me to worship Bence Jones in future—’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 13 May 1866 ). Darwin himself …
- … then went for ¾ to Zoolog. Garden!!!!!!!!!’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [28 April 1866] ). …
- … tell him the truth how little exertion I can stand. I sh d like very much to see him, though I …
- … original contract between Darwin and the New York publisher D. Appleton and Co. in 1860. …
- … & admit how little is known on the subject’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 and 4 August [1866] ). …
- … see how differently we look at every thing’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 5 August [1866] ). Yet both …
- … same thing in a different light from you’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 7 August 1866 ). The two …
- … family house in Shrewsbury after their father’s death in 1848 until Catherine married in 1863. …
Darwin in letters, 1864: Failing health
Summary
On receiving a photograph from Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July 1864: ‘the venerable beard gives the look of your having suffered, and … of having grown older’. Because of poor health, Because of poor health, Darwin…
Matches: 20 hits
- … exclaimed to his close friend, the botanist Joseph Dalton Hooker: ‘Hurrah! I have been 52 hours …
- … 11). In a letter of [27 January 1864] , Darwin wrote to Hooker: ‘The only approach to work which …
- … by which leaves produce tendrils’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [8 February 1864] ). Darwin’s …
- … peduncles to test sensitivity, and in his request to Hooker for another specimen: ‘I want it …
- … plant morphology. Many of his other correspondents, such as Hooker and Gray, had grown accustomed to …
- … the Lythrum paper was published, Darwin remarked to Hooker in a letter of 26 November [1864] …
- … letter of 22 October [1864] , Darwin triumphantly wrote to Hooker: ‘I will fight you to the death, …
- … and 249). When Darwin requested orchid specimens from Hooker in November, he said that he did …
- … certain difficult & tedious points’, Darwin asked Hooker about the possibility of Scott’s …
- … with his stipend being paid by Darwin himself ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [1 April 1864] ). …
- … often at odds with one another: ‘Gardeners are the very d—l, & where two or three are gathered …
- … enough to play your part over them’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, [2 April 1864] ). …
- … … they do require very careful treatment’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 8 April 1864 ). Nevertheless …
- … that in giving I am hastening the fall’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 20 April 1864 ). In his …
- … a first-class cabin for the journey ( letter from J. D. Hooker, [15 August 1864] ). Darwin …
- … you have bearded this lion in his den’ ( letter to B. D. Walsh, 4 December [1864] ). Walsh also …
- … he spoke out on the modification of species ( letter to B. D. Walsh, 21 October [1864] ). …
- … he thought him ‘sanguine & unsafe’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 16 February 1864 ). Hooker …
- … correct if they contradicted the Bible ( see letter from J. D. Hooker, [19 September 1864] ). When …
- … Lyell 1865] I shall recant for fifth time’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 22 October [1864] ). Lyell …
3.5 William Darwin, photo 2
Summary
< Back to Introduction Darwin’s son William, who had become a banker in Southampton, took the opportunity of a short visit home to Down House in April 1864 to photograph his father afresh. This half-length portrait was the first to show Darwin with a…
