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To J. J. Weir   7 May [1868]

Summary

Thanks JJW for his great assistance.

Discusses sexual selection in birds.

Sends queries on secondary sexual characteristics of birds.

Has often marvelled at the different growth of the flowering and creeping branches of ivy.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Jenner Weir
Date:  7 May [1868]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6165

Matches: 18 hits

  • … Henslow 1868 ); see also letter from George Henslow, 13 April 1868 . For CD’s own interest …
  • … Weir, 27 February [1868] and 29 February [1868] , and letter from J.  J.   …
  • … Weir, [before 5] March 1868 ; see also letter from Harrison Weir, 28 March 1868 . No …
  • … 4–7] May 1868 . In his letter to Weir of 18 April [1868] , CD had asked Weir’s opinion of …
  • … letter from J.  J.  Weir, [4–7] May 1868 . Weir had written four letters to CD since CD’s …
  • … while young. Weir’s reply is in his letter to CD of 20 April 1868. See letter from J.   …
  • … began working on the section on birds for Descent on 17 May 1868. See letter from J.  J.   …
  • … Weir, [4–7] May 1868 . See letter to J.  J.   …
  • … letter from J.  J.  Weir, [4–7] May 1868 . See letter from J.  J.   …
  • … Weir, 20 April 1868 . See letter from J.  J.   …
  • … letter to him: see letters from J.  J.  Weir, 20 April 1868 , [before 28 April] 1868 , 28  …
  • … 1861] and n.  6. See letter from J.  J.  Weir, 28 April – 4 May 1868 . CD probably refers …
  • … J.  Weir, [4–7] May 1868  and n.  4. See letters to J.  J.   …
  • … Weir, 4 April [1868] and n.  4. The letter to Abraham Dee Bartlett has not been found. See …
  • … in Descent 1: 417 (see letter from J.  J.  Weir, 24 March 1868 ). In Descent 1: 395, CD …
  • … were damaged (see letter from J.  J.  Weir, [before 5] March 1868 ). According to CD’s ‘ …
  • letter from Richard Spruce to J.  D.  Hooker, 29 July 1864 , and Climbing plants , p.  105). George Henslow’s paper on phyllotaxis was read at the Linnean Society in April 1868 ( …
  • 1868 . The Gardeners’ Chronicle , 27 April 1861, p.  390, reported that there was a ‘foolish notion’ abroad that the growth of the beans of the previous year was different from that of other years, in that the beans hung down in the pod, rather than being erect; according to the Gardeners’ Chronicle , ‘some of those who insisted on the difference appealed to the position of the suture’. The eccentric growth was thought to coincide with the beginning and the end of the potato blight. See also Correspondence vol.  9, letter

To J. J. Weir   30 May [1868]

Summary

Glad to have JJW’s opinion on nest-building. Wallace’s view [that skill is learned] is opposed to many facts.

Asks JJW about birds and their behaviour.

Wants information on the first plumage of different breeds of canaries.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Jenner Weir
Date:  30 May [1868]
Classmark:  University of Chicago Library, Special Collections Research Center (Joseph Halle Schaffner collection box 1, folder 2)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6215

Matches: 11 hits

  • … this section. See letter to W.  B.  Tegetmeier, 20 May [1868] , and letter from W.  B.   …
  • … to J.  J.  Weir, 18 April [1868] , and letter from J.  J.   …
  • … Weir, 18 May 1868 , and letter from Edward Blyth, 18 May 1868  and nn.  4 and 5. …
  • … between this letter and the letter from Edward Blyth, 18 May 1868 . See letter from J.   …
  • … Bates, 21 May [1868] . Weir apparently did not visit Down in June (see letter to J.  J.   …
  • … Tegetmeier, 25 May 1868 . See also letter to H.  W.   …
  • … Weir, 20 April 1868 . See letter from J.  J.   …
  • 1868] ; Weir’s comments on the nest-building instinct may have been in the missing portion of this letter. …
  • … see, for example, the letter to A.  R.  Wallace, 5 May [1868] and n.  7). See also letter …
  • … 2: 138–238). See letter from J.  J.  Weir, [14 April 1868] . CD discussed the relation …
  • … Pavo spiciferus. See also letter from J.  J.  Weir, 23 March 1868  and n.  7. CD refers to …

To J. J. Weir   18 April [1868]

Summary

Discusses rapid replacement of mates among birds. "I begin to think that the pairing of birds must be as delicate and tedious an operation as the pairing of young gentlemen and ladies. If I can convince myself that there are habitually many unpaired birds it will be a great aid to me in sexual selection". Notes rivalry of singing birds.

Heard from George Rolleston of the inherited effects of an eye injury.

Disagrees with A. R. Wallace’s idea "that birds learn to make their nests from having seen them whilst young" ["The philosophy of birds’ nests", Intellect. Obs. 11 (1867): 413–20].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Jenner Weir
Date:  18 Apr [1868]
Classmark:  Duke University, Rubenstein Rare Book and Manuscript Library (RL.10387)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6128

Matches: 14 hits

  • … to W.   D.  Fox, 25 February [1868] , the letter to J.  J.  Weir, 29 February [1868] , and …
  • … missing part of the letter from J.  J.  Weir, 5 April 1868 , or the letter from J.  J.   …
  • … 2. In his letter of 16 April 1868 , Weir had mentioned unpaired birds and also expressed …
  • … this letter and the letter from J.  J.  Weir, 5 April 1868 . See letters from J.  J.   …
  • … Weir, 5 April 1868 , [14 April 1868] , and 16 April 1868 . See letter from J.  J.   …
  • … J.  Weir, [before 3] March 1868  and [before 5] March 1868 . See letter from J.  J.   …
  • … letter from J.  J.  Weir, 5 April 1868  and n.  6. See letter from J.  J.  Weir, 5 April  …
  • … 14 April 1868] . For earlier discussion of bullfinch behaviour, see the letters from J.   …
  • … Weir, 4 April [1868] and n.  4. See letter from J.  J.  Weir, 16 April 1868 . In a note …
  • … blood (DAR 85: B103). See letter from J.  J.  Weir, 5 April 1868 . CD refers to Edward …
  • … refers to William Reeves . See also letter to W.  D.  Fox, 25 February [1868] and n.   …
  • … of sexual selection. See letter from J.   J.  Weir, [14 April 1868] . CD included the …
  • … Weir, 16 April 1868  and n.  9. CD refers to Abraham Dee Bartlett ; see letter to J.  J.   …
  • 1868] and n.  3; in Descent 2: 105–6, CD cited Weir on the incident. For the case of the magpies, see the letter

To J. J. Weir   4 April [1868]

Summary

CD thanks JJW for the mine of information his last "ten!" letters contain. Comments on sexual display of pheasants and colour preferences of pigeons.

Asks about hens that pair earliest in spring and about possible existence of unpaired birds.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Jenner Weir
Date:  4 Apr [1868]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6090

Matches: 9 hits

  • … Descent 2: 118. Roland Trimen visited CD in London on 25 March 1868 (see letter to Roland …
  • … letter to J.  J.  Weir, 27 March [1868] , and letter from J.  J.  Weir, 31 March 1868  and …
  • … Trimen, [21 March 1868] ). See letter from Edward Hewitt, 28 March 1868 . In Descent 2: …
  • … CD refers to ten letters from Weir dated between [after 27 February] 1868 and …
  • … Weir, 24 March 1868 ), CD had asked whether he should forward Weir’s letter to Wallace, …
  • … pheasant species. See letter from H.  W.  Weir, 28 March 1868 . Dun Hen Carrier: a female …
  • … of male plumage. See letters from J.  J.  Weir, 7 March 1868 , 23 March 1868 , and 31  …
  • … the Fringillidae, see the letter from J.  J.  Weir, 11 March 1868 . The order Gallinaceae …
  • 1868. Alfred Russel Wallace had asked Weir to carry out experiments to test Wallace’s theory that brightly coloured caterpillars would be refused by birds (see Correspondence vol.  15, letter

To J. J. Weir   [6 March 1868]

Summary

Discusses beaks and relative numbers of the sexes of goldfinches.

Comments on sexual selection among butterflies.

Mentions Kerguelen moth collected by Hooker.

Comments on JJW’s observations on coloured birds.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Jenner Weir
Date:  [6 Mar 1868]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.348)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5986

Matches: 8 hits

  • … the colour of a chaffinch, in his letter of [before 5] March 1868 . Weir mentioned …
  • … receiving his copy of Variation in his letter of [before 5] March 1868 . …
  • … 5] March 1868 . See letter from J.  J.   …
  • … 18 February [1868] . In his letter of [before 5] March 1868 , Weir had mentioned Triphaena …
  • … Weir, [before 3] March 1868  and n.  5. See letter from J.  J.   …
  • … vol.  16, Appendix II)). See letters from J.  J.  Weir, [before 3] March 1868  and [before …
  • … Weir, [before 5] March 1868  and n.  5. See letter to H.  T.   …
  • … in Descent 1: 395. See letter from J.  J.  Weir, [before 5] March 1868  and n.  11. CD had …

To J. J. Weir   22 March [1868]

Summary

Glad to hear about pigeons. Did not know some birds could win affections of females more than others, except among peacocks.

Comments on polygamy in birds.

Discusses sex ratios among birds.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Jenner Weir
Date:  22 Mar [1868]
Classmark:  Private collection
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6038

Matches: 7 hits

  • … 5. See letter from Giovanni Canestrini, 13 March 1868 . …
  • … letter from J.  J.  Weir, 16 March 1868 . See letter from J.  J.  Weir, 16 March 1868 . CD …
  • … See letter from Armand de Quatrefages, 4 March 1868 . CD had spent most of March 1868 in …
  • … 119–21, 152. See letter to Edward Hewitt , [ c. 22 March 1868]. See letter from J.  J.   …
  • … and Henry Tibbats Stainton . See letter to H.  T.  Stainton, 2 March [1868] and n.   …
  • … was Harrison Weir. See letter from J.  J.  Weir, 16 March 1868 . Robert Heron discussed …
  • … Weir, 16 March 1868  and nn.  6 and 8. See letter from A.  R.  Wallace, 24 February 1868 . …

To J. J. Weir   27 March [1868]

Summary

Thanks for information [about sex ratios] received from bird-catchers.

"Can you form any theory about all the many cases which you have given me and others which have been published, of when one pair is killed, another soon appearing?"

Facts about gay-coloured caterpillars very satisfactory.

Comments on Pangenesis.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Jenner Weir
Date:  27 Mar [1868]
Classmark:  Linnean Society of London (Quentin Keynes Collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6059

Matches: 7 hits

  • … 357–404). Wallace had expressed support for the theory in his letter of 24 February 1868 . …
  • … this letter and the letter from J.  J.  Weir, [26] March 1868 . See letters from J.  J.   …
  • … Weir, 23 March 1868 , 24 March 1868 , and [26] March 1868 . See letter from J.  J.   …
  • … Weir, [26] March 1868  and n.  7. See letter from J.  J.  Weir, 23 March 1868 . In a note …
  • … See letter from J.  J.  Weir, 23 March 1868  and n.  2. …
  • … to Alfred Russel Wallace . See letter from J.  J.  Weir, 23 March 1868  and n.  6. Weir’s …
  • … the information on nightingales. See letter from J.  J.  Weir, 24 March 1868  and n.  1. …

From J. J. Weir   5 April 1868

Summary

George Rolleston’s son was born with a scar on his knee exactly where GR cut himself with a knife years before his marriage. Gives several other examples of inherited mutilation.

Author:  John Jenner Weir
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  5 Apr 1868
Classmark:  DAR 181: 74
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6093

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Royal College of Surgeons in March 1868 (see letter from George Rolleston, 30 September  …
  • … S E 5 April 1868 My Dear Sir Dont laugh   I am about to write a letter which if such an …

From J. J. Weir   7 March 1868

thumbnail

Summary

Various facts about birds: pairing, finding new mates, protective coloration, polygamy, sexual differences.

Author:  John Jenner Weir
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  7 Mar 1868
Classmark:  DAR 86: A21–4
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5995

Matches: 3 hits

  • … See letter from J.  J.  Weir, [before 5] March 1868 , and letter to J.  J.   …
  • … J.  Weir, [before 3] March 1868  and n.  5, and letter to J.  J.  Weir, [6 March 1868] . …
  • … Weir, [6 March 1868] . Lapsus calami : slip of the pen (Latin). See letter from J.  J.   …

From J. J. Weir   [before 5] March 1868

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Summary

Does not think females give preference to any males. Coloration, pugnacity; cases of use of colour in struggle for existence. [see Descent 1: 395.]

Author:  John Jenner Weir
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [before 5] Mar 1868
Classmark:  DAR 82: A109–12
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5985

Matches: 5 hits

  • … 16, Appendix IV). See letter to J.  J.  Weir, 29 February [1868] and letter from J.  J.   …
  • … before 3] March 1868 . In his letter of [before 3] March 1868 , Weir had written that male …
  • … for Colias edusa (see n.  5, above). See letter to J.  J.  Weir, [6 March 1868] and n.  7. …
  • … this letter and the letter to J.  J.  Weir, [6 March 1868] . Weir’s name appears on CD’s …
  • … a dye ( OED ). See letter to J.  J.  Weir, 27 February [1868] . Henry Walter Bates and …

To J. J. Weir   5 June 1868

Summary

Sorry JJW cannot visit.

Will go to sea-side for five weeks at end of July.

Does Vidua have double annual moult? [See Descent 2: 181.]

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Jenner Weir
Date:  5 June 1868
Classmark:  DAR 148: 317; Duke University, Rubenstein Rare Book and Manuscript Library (RL.10387)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6232

Matches: 4 hits

  • … declined the invitation in his letter of 3 June 1868 , which is incomplete. Weir visited …
  • … invited Weir to Down in his letter to Weir of 30 May [1868] . Weir …
  • … of Wight from 17 July to 20 August 1868. See letter from J.  J.  Weir, 3 June 1868 . There …
  • … See letter from J.  J.  Weir, 3 June 1868 . CD …

To J. J. Weir   17 October 1868

Summary

Enjoyed JJW’s visit.

Interested in changes in plumage of pheasants.

Still at work on sexual selection in birds.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Jenner Weir
Date:  17 Oct 1868
Classmark:  DAR 148: 320
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6422

Matches: 3 hits

  • … swamp hen) in the missing portion of his letter of [before 17] October 1868 . CD refers to …
  • … CD is that of [before 17] October 1868. See letter from J.  J.  Weir, [before 17] October  …
  • … Dee Bartlett . See letter from J.  J.  Weir, [before 17] October 1868  and n.  2. Weir had …

From J. J. Weir   [before 17] October 1868

Summary

Both sexes of Crossoptilon auritum (eared pheasant) obtained the red cheeks the first year.

Coloration of the linnet.

Author:  John Jenner Weir
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [before 17] Oct 1868
Classmark:  DAR 86: A36, 53; DAR 84.1: 139
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6421

Matches: 4 hits

  • … 18 June 1868] , and letter to J.  J.  Weir, 18 June [1868] . CD and Alfred Newton referred …
  • … 17 October 1868 . Weir had visited Down House on 12 and 13 September (see letter to J.   …
  • … in linnets and redpolls; see letters from J.  J.  Weir, 11 March 1868 , and [before …
  • 1868] and n.  9). He also refers to the Zoological Gardens, Regent’s Park, London. In Descent 1: 290, CD stated that the plumage and crimson head appeared early in life in both sexes of Crossoptilon auritum , the eared pheasant; he noted that he received this information from the Zoological Gardens. CD cited Weir for this information on plumage changes in young males of the ‘Gold pheasant’ in Descent 2: 213 n.  34. CD and Weir had already exchanged letters

From J. J. Weir   31 March 1868

Summary

Sexual behaviour of chaffinches.

Numbers of female linnets in September.

His experiments on brightly coloured larvae [as food], testing A. R. Wallace’s theory.

His observations of a rookery make him wonder whether it may not be more difficult than we think for birds to pair.

Author:  John Jenner Weir
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  31 Mar 1868
Classmark:  DAR 46.1: 98–101, DAR 84.1: 69–70
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6074

Matches: 6 hits

  • … Weir, 27 March [1868] . See letter to J.  J.   …
  • … See letter to J.  J.  Weir, 27 March [1868] and n.  3. See letter from J.  J.   …
  • … Weir, 27 March [1868] and n.  7. See letter to J.  J.  Weir, 27 March [1868] and n.  6. …
  • … Weir, [26] March 1868  and n.  4. See also letter to J.  J.   …
  • … Russel Wallace . See letter to J.  J.  Weir, 27 March [1868] . Muscicapa griseola (now …
  • 1868 | Struggle for existence with Rooks’ added pencil 12.1 one pair … from 15.2] crossed pencil 15.1 There were] after opening square bracket ; ‘Rooks’ added pencil 16.1 I have … built 16.2] scored pencil 18.1 May … birds? — 18.2] crossed pencil ; scored red crayon Top of letter : ‘ …

To J. J. Weir   29 February [1868]

Summary

JJW’s note on birds was one of the most interesting CD has ever received. Asks several questions. CD is puzzled by cases of magpies whose mates were killed but who always immediately found others.

Alexander Wallace denies any effect of colour in sexual selection among Lepidoptera.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Jenner Weir
Date:  29 Feb [1868]
Classmark:  Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5958

Matches: 5 hits

  • … letter and the letter from J.  J.  Weir, [after 27 February] 1868 . Letter from J.  J.   …
  • … 2. See letter from Alexander Wallace, 28 February 1868 . The brimstone is Gonepteryx …
  • … had asked about these butterflies in his letter to H.  T.  Stainton, 28 February [1868] . …
  • 1868 . CD had visited Harrision William Weir in 1856 (see Correspondence vol.  6, letter
  • … is in DAR 84.2: 202. See also letter to W.  D.  Fox, 25 February [1868] and n.   …

From J. J. Weir   [14 April 1868]

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Summary

Starlings find new mates readily. Nesting in threes common.

Recognition of song by birds.

Author:  John Jenner Weir
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [14 Apr 1868]
Classmark:  DAR 84.1: 88–9
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6152

Matches: 3 hits

  • … behaviour of rooks ( Corvus frugilegus ) near his home in his letter of 31 March 1868 . …
  • … of this letter in the letter to J.  J.  Weir, 30 May [1868] . Weir’s brother was Harrison …
  • … a nest with three starlings (see letter from J.  J.  Weir, 7 March 1868  and n.  7). …

To J. J. Weir   13 March [1868]

Summary

Thanks for facts about birds displaying plumage during courtship; "for Butterflies I must trust to analogy altogether in regard to sexual selection".

Invites JJW to visit in summer.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Jenner Weir
Date:  13 Mar [1868]
Classmark:  The British Library (Egerton MS 2952: 8–10)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6009

Matches: 3 hits

  • … 7 March 1868  and 11 March 1868 , and to Weir’s earlier letters of [after 27 February] …
  • … See letter from J.  J.  Weir, 11 March 1868 . CD refers to the letters from J.  J.   …
  • … see Marginalia 1: 21–3). See letter from J.  J.  Weir, 11 March 1868 . CD included Weir’s …

To J. J. Weir   18 June [1868]

Summary

CD thanks JJW for letter about the crimson breast of linnets

and the fate of a pugnacious female bullfinch.

Refers to JJW’s pointing out the number of Jenners and Weirs who have been naturalists, and cites some writings by men of those families about striking cases of birds.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Jenner Weir
Date:  18 June [1868]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6250

Matches: 3 hits

  • … 1868] ; Weir’s remarks were probably in his letter of 5 April 1868 , which is incomplete. …
  • … See letter from J.  J.  Weir, [before 18 June 1868] . See also letter to J.  J.   …
  • … 269, 2: 105, 107, and letter from J.  J.  Weir, [14 April 1868] . CD cited Edward Jenner’s …

From J. J. Weir   20 April 1868

Summary

Instinct in birds; nest-building.

Inheritance of acquired characters.

Author:  John Jenner Weir
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  20 Apr 1868
Classmark:  DAR 181: 76
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6130

Matches: 5 hits

  • … In his letter of 5 April 1868 , Weir had told CD that Percy J.  Weir had been born with a …
  • … SE 20 th April 1868 My Dear Sir My Brother has sent off several circular letters on your …
  • … see letter to J.  J.  Weir, 18 April [1868] and n.  14). See letter to J.  J.   …
  • … mentioning circular letters has been found. See letter to J.  J.  Weir, 18 April [1868] . …
  • 1868] and n.  16. The reed warbler is now Acrocephalus scirpaceus ; Lewes is a town in Sussex. Turdus merula . Weir refers to CD’s remarks in Variation 1: 279 and 2: 263 on changes in the appearance of wild ducks subjected to generations of domestication. The mallard is now Anas platyrhynchos ; the shelduck is now Tadorna tadorna . CD’s annotation appears at the top of the second page of the letter

From J. J. Weir   [before 30 May 1868]

Summary

Reversion of tamed animals to wild behaviour.

Author:  John Jenner Weir
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [before 30 May 1868]
Classmark:  DAR 181: 73
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5748

Matches: 2 hits

  • … the wildness of siskin hybrids in his letter of 16 April 1868 . Spiza cyanea : the indigo …
  • … between this letter and the letter to J.  J.  Weir, 30 May [1868] . No other mention of …
Document type
letter (42)
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Correspondent
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Darwin in letters, 1868: Studying sex

Summary

The quantity of Darwin’s correspondence increased dramatically in 1868 due largely to his ever-widening research on human evolution and sexual selection.Darwin’s theory of sexual selection as applied to human descent led him to investigate aspects of the…

Matches: 1 hits

  • …   On 6 March 1868, Darwin wrote to the entomologist and accountant John Jenner Weir, ‘If …

Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

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  • … When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations …

6430_10256

Summary

From Sven Nilsson to J. D. Hookerf1   25 October 1868Lund (Suède)25 Okt. 1868.Monsieur le Professeur! J’ai écrit à deux de mes amis qui ont des connaissances personnelles à la Lapponie, pour avoir les…

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  • … From Sven Nilsson to J. D. Hooker f1    25 October 1868 …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

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  • … Observers |  Fieldwork |  Experimentation |  Editors and critics  |  Assistants …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

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  • … The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom , published on 10 November …

5935_4582

Summary

From J. D. Hooker   26[–7] February 1868KewFeby 26th/68Dear Darwin I have been bursting with impatience to hear what you would say of the Athenæum Review & who wrote it— I could not conceive who…

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  • … From J. D. Hooker   26[–7] February 1868 Kew Feby 26 …

Reading my roommate’s illustrious ancestor: To T. H. Huxley, 10 June 1868

Summary

My roommate at Harvard College was Tom Baum, now a Hollywood screenwriter.  Tom’s full name is Thomas Henle Baum, his middle name a reference to a German physician ancestor for whom the ‘Loop of Henle’ in the kidney had been named.  Other than this iconic…

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  • … My roommate at Harvard College was Tom Baum, now a Hollywood screenwriter.  Tom’s full name is …

5873_1488

Summary

From B. J. Sulivan   13 February [1868]f1 Bournemouth Feby. 13. My dear Darwin As Mr Stirling has sent me the recpt. you may as well have it with the Photo of the four Fuegian boys which he wishes me to send you in case you have not seen it. He…

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  • … From B. J. Sulivan   13 February [1868] f1 Bournemouth Feby. 13. My dear …

Diagrams and drawings in letters

Summary

Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…

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  • … Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have …

Women as a scientific audience

Summary

Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…

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  • … Target audience?  | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's …

Darwin in letters, 1869: Forward on all fronts

Summary

At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of  Origin. He may have resented the interruption to his work on sexual selection and human evolution, but he spent forty-six days on the task. Much of the…

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  • … At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of  …

Religion

Summary

Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…

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  • … Design | Personal Belief | Beauty | The Church Perhaps the most notorious …

Inheritance

Summary

It was crucial to Darwin’s theories of species change that naturally occurring variations could be inherited.  But at the time when he wrote Origin, he had no explanation for how inheritance worked – it was just obvious that it did.  Darwin’s attempt to…

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  • … 'Hypotheses may often be of service to science, when they involve a certain portion of …

Descent

Summary

There are more than five hundred letters associated with the research and writing of Darwin’s book, Descent of man and selection in relation to sex (Descent). They trace not only the tortuous route to eventual publication, but the development of Darwin’s…

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  • … ‘ Our ancestor was an animal which breathed water, had a swim-bladder, a great swimming …

Natural Science and Femininity

Summary

Discussion Questions|Letters A conflation of masculine intellect and feminine thoughts, habits and feelings, male naturalists like Darwin inhabited an uncertain gendered identity. Working from the private domestic comfort of their homes and exercising…

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  • … Discussion Questions | Letters A conflation of masculine intellect and feminine …

Controversy

Summary

The best-known controversies over Darwinian theory took place in public or in printed reviews. Many of these were highly polemical, presenting an over-simplified picture of the disputes. Letters, however, show that the responses to Darwin were extremely…

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  • … Disagreement & Respect | Conduct of Debate | Darwin & Wallace The best-known …

Darwin and the Church

Summary

The story of Charles Darwin’s involvement with the church is one that is told far too rarely. It shows another side of the man who is more often remembered for his personal struggles with faith, or for his role in large-scale controversies over the…

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  • … The story of Charles Darwin’s involvement with the church is one that is told far too rarely. It …

Darwin in letters,1870: Human evolution

Summary

The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the year at work on the Descent of Man & Selection in relation to Sex’.  Descent was the culmination of over three decades of observations and reflections on…

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  • … The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

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  • … At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of  The variation of …

Referencing women’s work

Summary

Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, but whether and how they were acknowledged in print involved complex considerations of social standing, professional standing, and personal preference.…

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  • … Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, but …
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