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From G. J. Romanes   17 April 1881

Summary

Looks forward to reading CD’s Earthworms.

Agrees that habits of sand-wasp are determined by natural selection.

Experiment of exposing plants to flashing light gives uncertain result.

Author:  George John Romanes
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  17 Apr 1881
Classmark:  E. D. Romanes 1896, p. 112
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13123

Matches: 2 hits

  • 1881. Fabre, Jean-Henri. 1879. Souvenirs entomologiques: études sur l’instinct et les mœurs des insectes . Paris: Librairie Ch. Delagrave. Movement in plants : The power of movement in plants. By Charles Darwin. Assisted by Francis
  • 1881 ). CD and his son Francis Darwin had used a klinostat to rotate plants in pots, in order to negate the influence of gravity on plant movement (see, for example, Movement in plants , p. 93). Francis

To J. D. Hooker   5 December 1880

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Summary

Thanks for agreeing to propose Frank as F.R.S.

Would have enjoyed discussing Island life.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  5 Dec 1880
Classmark:  DAR 95: 504–5
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12890

Matches: 1 hit

  • Francis Darwin was to be proposed for fellowship of the Royal Society of London . Proposal certificates listed the candidate’s publications. In the event, Francis was proposed by Michael Foster in January 1881

From W. E. Darwin   1 December [1880]

Summary

Will soon manage to go to Beaulieu. Is glad the book is going off well. Is thinking of going to the Roman Villa at Brading on the Isle of Wight.

Author:  William Erasmus Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  1 Dec [1880]
Classmark:  Cornford Family Papers (DAR 275: 84)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12880F

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Assisted by Francis Darwin. London: John Murray. 1880. Nicholson, Cornelius. 1881. The …

To Anthony Rich   4 February 1882

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Summary

Exchanges news on health.

Thanks AR for his worm observations.

George Darwin’s work is attracting attention; he intends to try for Plumian Professorship at Cambridge. Adds other news of George and of CD’s sons Leonard and William.

CD has finished his microscopic work and has only to write up two papers for the Linnean Society.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Anthony Rich
Date:  4 Feb 1882
Classmark:  DAR 92: A44–7
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13659

Matches: 2 hits

  • 1881. A sixth thousand, with corrections, was published in 1882; a seventh thousand, corrected by Francis Darwin , …
  • Francis Darwin). London: John Murray. 1882. Earthworms : The formation of vegetable mould through the action of worms: with observations on their habits. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1881. …

From G. H. Darwin   [7 September 1881]

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Summary

Gives an account of the reception of his paper at York [BAAS meeting].

Author:  George Howard Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [7 Sept 1881]
Classmark:  DAR 210.2: 92
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13321

Matches: 1 hit

  • 1881, the Wednesday before 8 September was 7 September. George Howard Darwin and Horace Darwin were in York to attend the meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science; they dined with Francis

From Julius Wiesner   11 November 1881

Summary

CD has misunderstood his views on heliotropism. Agrees that his experiments on the movement of root tips are weak. Will conduct further research. Thinks that since mechanical conception of botany is not so widespread, those who agree with CD probably are in majority.

Author:  Julius Wiesner
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  11 Nov 1881
Classmark:  DAR 261.11: 22 (EH 88206074)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13478

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Darwin. Assisted by Francis Darwin. London: John Murray. 1880. Wiesner, Julius.  1881. Das …

To Hermann Vöchting   16 December 1880

Summary

Comments on HV’s Über Organbildung im Pflanzenreich: über Wachstumsursachen und Lebenseinheiten [pt 1, 1878].

Mentions paper by his son [Francis Darwin, "The theory of the growth of cuttings, illustrated by observations on the bramble, Rubus fruticosus", J. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Bot.) 18 (1881): 406–19].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Hermann Vöchting
Date:  16 Dec 1880
Classmark:  DAR 148: 197
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12916

Matches: 2 hits

  • Francis Darwin, "The theory of the growth of cuttings, illustrated by observations on the bramble, Rubus fruticosus ", J. Linn. Soc. Lond. (Bot. ) 18 (1881): …
  • Darwin, Francis. 1880c. The theory of the growth of cuttings; illustrated by observations on the bramble, Rubus fruticosus . [Read 16 December 1880. ] Journal of the Linnean Society ( Botany ) 18 (1881): …

To G. J. Romanes   16 April 1881

Summary

Discusses concept of intelligence in his Earthworms manuscript.

Remarks on GJR’s work on echinoderms.

Comments on Wilhelm Roux [Der Kampf der Theile im Organismus (1881)].

Discusses animal instincts, citing Fabre’s description of sand-wasps.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George John Romanes
Date:  16 Apr 1881
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.587)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13118

Matches: 1 hit

  • … pp. 104–7. Francis Darwin was CD’s secretary. Romanes reviewed Roux 1881 in Nature , 29 …

From Francis Darwin   [1 August 1880]

Summary

Thanks for letter and journals. Sends information on earthworms and also information from Mr Ruck. Describes his fishing and his success finding sea shore plants that are new to him.

Author:  Francis Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [1 Aug 1880]
Classmark:  DAR 274.1: 63
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12675F

Matches: 1 hit

  • Francis Darwin, [before 1 August 1880] . Atty ( Arthur Ashley Ruck ) was a captain in the Eighth Infantry, King’s Regiment ( Hart’s army list 1881). …

To J. S. Burdon Sanderson   29 December 1880

Summary

Requests JSBS sign certificate for [Francis Darwin’s] candidacy [for Royal Society].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Scott Burdon Sanderson, 1st baronet
Date:  29 Dec 1880
Classmark:  University of British Columbia Library, Rare Books and Special Collections (Darwin - Burdon Sanderson letters RBSC-ARC-1731-1-24)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12954

Matches: 1 hit

  • Francis Darwin ’s certificate of proposal for fellowship of the Royal Society of London ; Francis was elected on 8 June 1882 (Royal Society archives, GB 117 EC/1882/09). Burdon Sanderson read his lecture on ‘Excitability in plants and animals’ at the Royal Institution of Great Britain on 25 February 1881 ( …

To Wilhelm Breitenbach   20 [June] 1881

Summary

Glad WB has arrived in Brazil. Suggests study of insects and study of fertilisation in Melastomataceae. Want of books is not a serious evil.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Wilhelm Breitenbach
Date:  20 [June] 1881
Classmark:  DAR 143: 145
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13021

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Wilhelm Breitenbach, [before 20 June 1881] . Francis Darwin was working in the laboratory …

To J. V. Carus   22 November 1880

Summary

Very pleased by JVC’s note about Movement in plants. Feared he would find it intolerably dull. Some missing sheets are being replaced. Also sends a perfect copy.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Julius Victor Carus
Date:  22 Nov 1880
Classmark:  Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz (Slg. Darmstaedter Lc 1859: Darwin, Charles, Bl. 183–184)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12840

Matches: 1 hit

  • 1881. Movement in plants : The power of movement in plants. By Charles Darwin. Assisted by Francis

To W. T. Thiselton-Dyer   23 November [1880]

Summary

WTT-D’s suggestion about absorbent function of pegs in Abronia suggests origin of pegs in Welwitschia, which deeply interests CD. Previously could not see how pegs became large enough to be of mechanical use. Now thinks tissue between hypocotyl and radicle absorbs fluid, which would favour rise of peg to expose larger surface.

Rejects German contempt for investigating use of organs.

Asks WTT-D to observe how worms draw Robinia leaves into burrows.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:  23 Nov [1880]
Classmark:  Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Darwin: Letters to Thiselton-Dyer, 1873–81: ff. 209–11)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12843

Matches: 2 hits

  • 1881 (see letter from W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, [after 23 November 1880] , n. 2). Francis Darwin . …
  • 1881. On the germination and histology of the seedling of Welwitschia mirabilis. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science n.s. 21: 15–30. Movement in plants : The power of movement in plants. By Charles Darwin. Assisted by Francis

From Wilhelm Pfeffer   25 November 1880

Summary

Thanks for Movement in plants.

Describes work [on Pflanzenphysiologie, 2 vols. (1881)].

Author:  Wilhelm Friedrich Philipp (Wilhelm) Pfeffer
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  25 Nov 1880
Classmark:  DAR 174: 37
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12856

Matches: 1 hit

  • … by Francis Darwin. London: John Murray. 1880. Pfeffer, Wilhelm. 1881. Pflanzenphysiologie. …

From J. D. Hooker   13 March 1879

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Summary

Urges Frank to reconsider his refusal of Cambridge Examinership.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  13 Mar 1879
Classmark:  DAR 104: 125–7
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-11938

Matches: 1 hit

  • Darwin to Francis Maitland Balfour, 14 March 1879 ; National Archives of Scotland (GD433/2/103B/95–6)). Balfour was an examiner from 1879 to 1881 ( …

From Julius Wiesner   1 October 1881

Summary

Sends copy of his Das Bewegungsvermögen der Pflanzen [1881]. Disagrees with CD about plant movement.

Author:  Julius Wiesner
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  1 Oct 1881
Classmark:  DAR 181: 98
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13368

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Darwin. Assisted by Francis Darwin. London: John Murray. 1880. Wiesner, Julius.  1881. Das …

From G. H. Darwin   [22 January 1882]

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Summary

Writes of his work and a paper accepted for publication in the Philosophical Transactions [? "Stresses caused in the interior of the earth", Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 173 (1883): 187–230].

Gives news of friends.

Author:  George Howard Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [22 Jan 1882]
Classmark:  DAR 210.2: 102
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13636

Matches: 2 hits

  • Francis Maitland Balfour was nursing a Cambridge student, William Hay Caldwell , in Naples (see M. Foster and Sedgwick eds. 1885 , 1: 19). Michael Foster , Alice Blanche Balfour , and Gerald William Balfour . Southampton. Ida and Horace Darwin ’s first child, Erasmus , was born on 7 December 1881. …
  • Darwin, George Howard. 1881b. On the stresses caused in the interior of the earth by the weight of continents and mountains. [Read 16 June 1881. ] Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 173 (1882): 187–230. Foster, Michael and Sedgwick, Adam, eds. 1885. The works of Francis

To W. E. Darwin   19 February [1881]

Summary

Uncle Erasmus is ill.

Thanks WED for his trouble about the cottages.

He has signed the note to Higgins.

CD has used WED’s Rhododendron case in Earthworms [p. 69].

Is using paper triangles in experiments on intelligence of worms.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  19 Feb [1881]
Classmark:  Houghton Library, Harvard University (Autograph File, D)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13058

Matches: 1 hit

  • 1881 (DAR 219.9: 258)). She probably left on 22 February. Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242) records that Shaen stayed for five days, but the entries appear to be made one week out and incorrectly give the days as 10 to 15 February; Emma also incorrectly recorded that Francis

To W. E. Darwin   30 November [1880]

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Summary

Asks whether WED can collect some worm-castings from Beaulieu Abbey.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  30 Nov [1880]
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 163
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12876

Matches: 1 hit

  • 1881. Movement in plants : The power of movement in plants. By Charles Darwin. Assisted by Francis

To W. E. Darwin   23 [November 1880]

Summary

Asks WED to observe whether worms consistently draw acacia leaves into their burrows with a particular end first.

Will soon know whether he will need worm-castings from Beaulieu.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  23 [Nov 1880]
Classmark:  DAR 153: 137
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12848

Matches: 1 hit

  • 1881. Movement in plants : The power of movement in plants. By Charles Darwin. Assisted by Francis
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Correspondent
Darwin, C. R.disabled_by_default
Darwin, Francis (44)
Cooke, R. F. (17)
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Müller, Fritz (12)
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