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Darwin Correspondence Project
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CD memorandum   [December 1855]

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Summary

Requests skins of domestic breeds or races of poultry, pigeons, rabbits, cats, and dogs from any unfrequented region. [Attached is a list of people to whom CD has written for pigeon and poultry skins.]

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Unidentified
Date:  [Dec 1855]
Classmark:  DAR 206: 34–5
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1812

Matches: 4 hits

  • … 65. See Correspondence vol.  6, letter from Richard Hill, 10 January 1857 . CD’s list was …
  • … Correspondence vol.  6, letter from Peter Wallace, 10 September 1856 . See Correspondence …
  • … 9 December 1855, but see also letters to G.  H. K. Thwaites, 10 December 1855 , to C.  A. …
  • … Kelaart , both of Ceylon. See letter to G.  H. K. Thwaites, 10 December 1855 . ‘s India’ …

To J. S. Henslow   10 November [1855]

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Summary

Thanks for seeds. Feels "almost foiled" in his experiments on sea transport – has found few plants that float after more than a week’s immersion.

Sends a list of queries [see 1779] on hollyhocks to put to growers.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Stevens Henslow
Date:  10 Nov [1855]
Classmark:  DAR 93: A103–A105
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1778

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Although the letter is dated 10 November, it seems that CD did not send it immediately …

To J. D. Hooker   18 [October 1855]

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Summary

Seeds of two tropical island plants have floated for ten days.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  18 [Oct 1855]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 146
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1742

Matches: 2 hits

  • … to Norway by the Gulf Stream. See letter to J.  D. Hooker, 10 October [1855] , n.  3. The …
  • … 27 September 1855 , and letter to J.  D. Hooker, 10 October [1855] . William Jackson …

To J. R. Crowe   9 November 1855

Summary

Thanks him for seeds used in immersion experiment.

Sends thanks to M. N. Blytt and says to tell him species names.

Mentions meeting Edward Sabine.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Rice Crowe
Date:  9 Nov 1855
Classmark:  Nasjonalbiblioteket (National Library of Norway), Oslo (Brevs. 66)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1777

Matches: 1 hit

  • … R. Crowe, 27 September 1855 . See letter to J.  D. Hooker, 10 October [1855] , n.  3. See …

From J. D. Hooker   [6–9 June 1855]

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Summary

Finds Forbes’s continental theories, migration, and double creation are all unsatisfactory explanations of geographical distribution of plants.

Is currently working on problems of sea transport of plant species.

European plants on Australian Alps only explicable by double creations.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [6–9 June 1855]
Classmark:  DAR 100: 90–3
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1694

Matches: 1 hit

  • … D. Hooker, 5 June [1855] and 10 June [1855] . See letter to J.  D. Hooker, 5 June [1855] . …

To Gardeners’ Chronicle   13 November [1855]

Summary

Reports a case of charlock seeds that retained their vitality for at least eight or nine years. He suggests that their power of retaining vitality when buried in damp soil may be an element in preserving the species and therefore seeds may be specially endowed with this capacity, while the power of retaining vitality in dry, artificial conditions may be an indirect accidental quality of little or no use to the species.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Gardeners’ Chronicle
Date:  13 Nov [1855]
Classmark:  Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette, no. 46, 17 November 1855, p. 758
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1780

Matches: 2 hits

  • … 10 November 1855, pp.  741–2). See letter to J.  D. Hooker, 10 August [1855] . A mistake …
  • letter had been stimulated by an editorial in the Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette , no. 45, 10  …

To John Davy   25 March [1855]

Summary

Will forward JD’s paper to the Royal Society ["On the ova of salmon", Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 146 (1856): 21–9].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Davy
Date:  25 Mar [1855]
Classmark:  Royal Institution of Great Britain (Box XVII, 210)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1653

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Correspondence vol.  4, Appendix IV, 128: 10). See letter from John Davy, 21 March 1855 , …

To G. R. Waterhouse   8 July [1855]

Summary

Asks GRW if there is any easy systematic work on Lepidoptera for his sons. Considers making out the names from descriptions fine practice for the intellect; mere collecting is idle work.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Robert Waterhouse
Date:  8 July [1855]
Classmark:  McGill University Library, Department of Rare Books
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1713

Matches: 1 hit

  • … William, aged 15, and George, aged 10. See letter to W.  E. Darwin, [25 April 1855] . …

To J. D. Hooker   [23 November 1855]

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Summary

CD not sure that he can come to London.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  [23 Nov 1855]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 157
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1785

Matches: 1 hit

  • … to J.  D. Hooker, 10 August [1855] ). From the content of this letter, it appears that …

To J. D. Hooker   14 [August 1855]

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Summary

When JDH goes to Germany, will he ask seed men if their marvellous true breeding lines are the result of selection.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  14 [Aug 1855]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 145
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1741

Matches: 2 hits

  • … on his European tour (see letter to J.  D. Hooker, 10 August [1855] , n.  4). A note for …
  • … from it in Natural selection . See letter to J.  D. Hooker, 10 August [1855] . Louisa Mary …

To J. S. Henslow   12 November 1855

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Summary

Draft of queries on the varieties of hollyhocks. [To be transmitted to William Chater by JSH; probably enclosed with 1778.]

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Stevens Henslow
Date:  12 Nov 1855
Classmark:  DAR 206: 39
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1779

Matches: 1 hit

  • … letter to J.  S. Henslow, 10 November [1855] . The draft of the letter is on the recto and …

To J. D. Hooker   6 November [1855]

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Summary

Naudin’s theory, in J. Decaisne’s review of Flora Indica, of subspecies descended from a single stock only adds to the confusion. John Lindley and M. J. Berkeley cut down species.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  6 Nov [1855]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 153
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1773

Matches: 1 hit

  • … J.  R. Crowe, 9 November 1855 . See letter to J.  D. Hooker, 10 October [1855] and n.  2. …

To Edgar Leopold Layard   9 December 1855

Summary

Is collecting facts for Variation; would be grateful for skins of local [Cape of Good Hope] breeds of pigeons, ducks, and poultry.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Edgar Leopold Layard
Date:  9 Dec 1855
Classmark:  Auckland Public Library (Grey collection GL D8 (3))
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1794

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Variation . See the letter to George Henry Kendrick Thwaites, 10 December 1855 . Layard’s …

To J. D. Hooker   14 November [1855]

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Summary

Candolle discusses social plants. CD devises criterion for showing sociability not inherent.

Bentham’s buried seed plan rejected.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  14 Nov [1855]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 155
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1781

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Gazette , no. 45, 10 November 1855, pp.  739–40, (see letter to Gardeners’ Chronicle , 13  …
  • letter to Gardeners’ Chronicle , 13 November [1855]. Hooker apparently thought it was probable that the seeds had been strewn about by birds. George Bentham , who was working at Kew with Hooker, had suggested various experiments that could be performed in Gardeners’ Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette , no. 45, 10  …

To J. W. Lubbock   15 [January 1855]

Summary

CD called on Baugh but found him adamant; he has already laid the case before the [Charity] Commissioners and if necessary will take it to a Court of Equity.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John William Lubbock, 3d baronet
Date:  15 [Jan 1855]
Classmark:  The Royal Society (LUB: D22)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1631

Matches: 1 hit

  • … London from 18 January to 15 February. See letter to J.  W. Lubbock, 10 January [1855] . …

To Charles Lyell   10 January [1855]

Summary

Discusses views of Daniel Sharpe on foliation and cleavage. Recalls his own previous discussion [in South America].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  10 Jan [1855]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.110)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1626

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Farnborough Kent Jan 10 th My dear Lyell I received your letter yesterday, but was unable …

To J. D. Hooker   5 June [1855]

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Summary

Seeds: worried they will turn into another barnacle job.

Studies plants colonising abandoned field.

Experiment on plant sleep movements.

CD objects to "Atlantis" because no evidence; does not affect species theory.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  5 June [1855]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 135
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1693

Matches: 1 hit

  • … forwarded to CD by Hooker (see letter to J.  D. Hooker, 10 June [1855] ). George Snow’s …

To J. D. Hooker   10 October [1855]

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Summary

Sick of seed-salting.

Reading Candolle with great interest.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  10 Oct [1855]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 151
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1763

Matches: 2 hits

  • … See letter to J.  D. Hooker, 10 August [1855] , n.  4. After his appointment as assistant …
  • 10 days to see if they continue to float, & then I will send them you to name (if you can) & have them planted. — I wrote a short & dull letter

To H. N. Shaw, Secretary, Royal Geographical Society   25 December [1855]

Summary

Has followed correspondent’s useful suggestions of sources of information [on variation in domesticated animals in various regions of the globe].

Asks him to sound out [Mr Consul Brand?] about skinning some bird specimens for him.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Henry Norton Shaw
Date:  25 Dec [1855]
Classmark:  Royal Geographical Society
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1800

Matches: 1 hit

  • … to letters to E.  L. Layard, 9 December 1855 , to G.  H. K. Thwaites, 10 December 1855, …

To J. D. Hooker   15 [May 1855]

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Summary

CD upset because salted seeds do not float.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  15 [May 1855]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 147
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1681

Matches: 1 hit

  • … meeting of 10 May 1855, ‘a candidate was proposed, but not elected’. See letter from J.   …
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Reading my roommate’s illustrious ancestor: To T. H. Huxley, 10 June 1868

Summary

My roommate at Harvard College was Tom Baum, now a Hollywood screenwriter.  Tom’s full name is Thomas Henle Baum, his middle name a reference to a German physician ancestor for whom the ‘Loop of Henle’ in the kidney had been named.  Other than this iconic…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … My roommate at Harvard College was Tom Baum, now a Hollywood screenwriter.  Tom’s full name is …

Darwin in letters, 1865: Delays and disappointments

Summary

The year was marked by three deaths of personal significance to Darwin: Hugh Falconer, a friend and supporter; Robert FitzRoy, captain of the Beagle; and William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and father of Darwin’s friend…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … In 1865, the chief work on Charles Darwin’s mind was the writing of  The variation of animals and …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of  The variation of …

The Lyell–Lubbock dispute

Summary

In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom , published on 10 November …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Observers |  Fieldwork |  Experimentation |  Editors and critics  |  Assistants …

Darwin in letters, 1881: Old friends and new admirers

Summary

In May 1881, Darwin, one of the best-known celebrities in England if not the world, began writing about all the eminent men he had met. He embarked on this task, which formed an addition to his autobiography, because he had nothing else to do. He had…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … In May 1881, Darwin, one of the best-known celebrities in England if not the world, began …

Darwin’s queries on expression

Summary

When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations …

Darwin in letters, 1876: In the midst of life

Summary

1876 was the year in which the Darwins became grandparents for the first time.  And tragically lost their daughter-in-law, Amy, who died just days after her son's birth.  All the letters from 1876 are now published in volume 24 of The Correspondence…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … I cannot bear to think of the future The year 1876 started out sedately enough with …

Schools Gallery: Using Darwin’s letters in the classroom

Summary

English| History| Science  English Pupils in Cumbria lead the way Year 9 English pupils at Ulverston Victoria High School spent several weeks studying Darwin’s letters, including comparing sections from Darwin’s ‘Voyage of the Beagle’ to letters…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … English |  History |  Science   English Pupils in Cumbria lead …

Darwin in letters,1866: Survival of the fittest

Summary

The year 1866 began well for Charles Darwin, as his health, after several years of illness, was now considerably improved. In February, Darwin received a request from his publisher, John Murray, for a new edition of  Origin. Darwin got the fourth…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … The year 1866 began well for Charles Darwin, as his health, after several years of illness, was …

Darwin's notes for his physician, 1865

Summary

On 20 May 1865, Emma Darwin recorded in her diary that John Chapman, a prominent London publisher who had studied medicine in London and Paris in the early 1840s, visited Down to consult with Darwin about his ill health. In 1863 Chapman started to treat…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … On 20 May 1865, Emma Darwin recorded in her diary that John Chapman, a prominent London publisher …

Darwin in letters, 1879: Tracing roots

Summary

Darwin spent a considerable part of 1879 in the eighteenth century. His journey back in time started when he decided to publish a biographical account of his grandfather Erasmus Darwin to accompany a translation of an essay on Erasmus’s evolutionary ideas…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … There are summaries of all Darwin's letters from the year 1879 on this website.  The full texts of …

Henrietta Darwin's diary

Summary

Darwin's daughter Henrietta kept a diary for a few momentous weeks in 1871. This was the year in which Descent of Man, the most controversial of her father's books after Origin itself, appeared, a book which she had helped him write. The small…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Charles Darwin’s daughter Henrietta wrote the following journal entries in March and July 1871 in …

Darwin in letters, 1860: Answering critics

Summary

On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s Origin of species, printing off another 3000 copies to satisfy the demands of an audience that surprised both the publisher and the author. It wasn't long, however, before ‘the…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s  Origin of species , …

Was Darwin an ecologist?

Summary

One of the most fascinating aspects of Charles Darwin’s correspondence is the extent to which the experiments he performed at his home in Down, in the English county of Kent, seem to prefigure modern scientific work in ecology.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … I gave two seeds to a confounded old cock, but his gizzard ground them up; at least I cd. not …

Darwin in letters, 1856-1857: the 'Big Book'

Summary

In May 1856, Darwin began writing up his 'species sketch’ in earnest. During this period, his working life was completely dominated by the preparation of his 'Big Book', which was to be called Natural selection. Using letters are the main…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … On 14 May 1856, Charles Darwin recorded in his journal that he ‘Began by Lyell’s advice  writing …

Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small

Summary

In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and …

Darwin in letters, 1872: Job done?

Summary

'My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, 'is so nearly closed. . .  What little more I can do, shall be chiefly new work’, and the tenor of his correspondence throughout the year is one of wistful reminiscence, coupled with a keen eye…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … ‘My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, ‘is so nearly closed. . .  What little more I …

Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year

Summary

The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early …
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