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Darwin in letters, 1880: Sensitivity and worms

Summary

‘My heart & soul care for worms & nothing else in this world,’ Darwin wrote to his old Shrewsbury friend Henry Johnson on 14 November 1880. Darwin became fully devoted to earthworms in the spring of the year, just after finishing the manuscript of…

Matches: 23 hits

… heart & soul care for worms & nothing else in this world,’ Darwin wrote to his old …
… to adapt to varying conditions. The implications of Darwin’s work for the boundary between animals …
… studies of animal instincts by George John Romanes drew upon Darwin’s early observations of infants, …
… of evolution and creation. Many letters flowed between Darwin and his children, as he took delight …
… Financial support for science was a recurring issue, as Darwin tried to secure a Civil List pension …
… with Samuel Butler, prompted by the publication of Erasmus Darwin the previous year. …
… Charles Harrison Tindal, sent a cache of letters from two of Darwin’s grandfather’s clerical friends …
… of much value to me’ ( letter to C. H. Tindal, 5 January 1880 ). Darwin had employed a genealogist …
… & even the world’ ( letter from J. L. Chester, 3 March 1880 ). Darwin’s sons George and …
… of [William Alvey Darwin],’ George wrote on 28 May 1880 , ‘I … said you were anxious not to …
… to find an ordinary mortal who could laugh’ ( letter from W. E. Darwin to Charles and Emma Darwin, …
… wants a grievance to hang an article upon’ ( letter from W. E. Darwin, [28 January 1880 ] ). …
… one or both to his daughter Henrietta ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 1 February [1880 ] ). ‘The …
… he will have the last word’, she warned ( letter from H. E. Litchfield, [1 February 1880 ] ). ‘He …
… Mr Butler whatever.’ Power of movement With Francis ’s assistance, the last of Darwin’s …
… of the nervous system, and the nature of ‘sensitivity’. Francis Balfour described Movement in …
… pretended, ‘but the subject has amused me’ ( letter to W. C. McIntosh, 18 June 1880 ). Members of …
… the intake of stones and flints to aid digestion. He asked Francis to check for castings on old …
… the reasons, I should be greatly obliged’ ( letter from W. Z. Seddon, 2 February 1880 ) . Darwin …
… he added, ‘hardly anybody has accepted’ ( letter to W. Z. Seddon, 4 February 1880 ). On 16 …
… rightly thought the ‘queer subject’ of interest to Francis Galton, who had already taken thumb …
… extending the study to public-school pupils ( letter to Francis Galton, 7 April 1880 , and …
… aided in any way direct attacks on religion’ ( letter to E. B. Aveling, 13 October 1880 ). Finally …

Darwin in letters, 1879: Tracing roots

Summary

Darwin spent a considerable part of 1879 in the eighteenth century. His journey back in time started when he decided to publish a biographical account of his grandfather Erasmus Darwin to accompany a translation of an essay on Erasmus’s evolutionary ideas…

Matches: 19 hits

… There are summaries of all Darwin's letters from the year 1879 on this website. The full texts …
… 27 of the print edition of The correspondence of Charles Darwin , published by Cambridge …
… to publish a biographical account of his grandfather Erasmus Darwin to accompany a translation of an …
… the sensitivity of the tips. Despite this breakthrough, when Darwin first mentioned the book to his …
… 1879 ). He was also unsatisfied with his account of Erasmus Darwin, declaring, ‘My little biography …
… he fretted, just days before his departure ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, [after 26] July [1879] …
… that his grandfather had felt the same way. In 1792, Erasmus Darwin had written: ‘The worst thing I …
… all over like a baked pear’ ( enclosure in letter from R. W. Dixon, 20 December 1879 ). The year …
… to complete Horace’s marriage settlement ( letter from W. M. Hacon, 31 December 1879 ). …
… with Charles Darwin and Ernst Haeckel. Kosmos was, as Francis Darwin reported from Germany that …
… the children correctly’, mentioning in particular that Francis Galton was the son of one of Erasmus …
… thought ‘perfect in every way’ ( letter from E. A. Wheler, 25 March 1879 ). She suggested that …
… and he regretted going beyond his ‘tether’ ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 5 June 1879 , and …
… survived the ordeal as his paper was published by Sachs in 1880 . Family matters Before …
… traveller … neither cross nor ennuied’ (Emma Darwin to W. E. Darwin, [4 August 1879] (DAR 219.1: 125 …
… & that it was suppressed gout. Also how well off he wd be, w. is a matter of some consequence …
… say that he has opposed it’ (letter from Emma Darwin to W. E. Darwin, [4 August 1879] (DAR 219.1: …
… get home ‘& began drumming at once’ (Emma Darwin to H. E. Litchfield, [27 August 1879] (DAR 219 …
… it dominated the picture (letter from Emma Darwin to H. E. Litchfield, [17 July 1879] (DAR 219.9: …

Movement in Plants

Summary

The power of movement in plants, published on 7 November 1880, was the final large botanical work that Darwin wrote. It was the only work in which the assistance of one of his children, Francis Darwin, is mentioned on the title page. The research for this…

Matches: 20 hits

… The power of movement in plants , published on 7 November 1880 , was the final large botanical work …
… about their research while he was away from home. Although Darwin lacked a state of the art research …
… research being pursued by other naturalists who, like Francis , had come to this centre for the study …
… methods and use the most advanced laboratory equipment. Darwin also benefitted from the instrument …
… copied but also improved on some of the apparatuses that Francis had been introduced to at Würzburg. …
… plant physiology, but it was at its core informed by Darwin’s theory of evolution, particularly by …
… early 1860s, at a time when his health was especially bad, Darwin had taken up the study of climbing …
… reproduced as a small book, giving it a much wider audience. Darwin was not the first naturalist to …
… which eventually appeared in 1875. In the same year, Darwin published a much longer work, …
… about the nature of movement, so much so, that at one point Darwin had considered combining the …
… digestive processes. With his final great botanical work, Darwin would attempt ‘ to bring all the …
… from all over Europe and beyond. When Darwin’s son Francis worked in this laboratory in the summers …
… and illustrated Horace’s machine in a paper (F. Darwin 1880 , pp. 449–55). Diagram …
… suggested by Darwin’s son William in February 1880 , probably to replace Frank’s ‘Transversal …
… ‘ I am very sorry that Sachs is so sceptical, for I w d . rather convert him than any other half …
… to translate the paper into German, and it appeared in 1880 (F. Darwin 1880b). In the same letter, …
… ’. Luckily, De Vries published two papers in 1879 and 1880 that Darwin was later able to refer to in …
… as ‘little discs’ and ‘greenish bodies’ ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 29 October 1879 ). …
… that he had not been able to observe earlier ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 20 November 1879 ). …
… pay more for at the usual rate of charging per inch &c they w d . be over £40’; he suggested …

Darwin in letters, 1881: Old friends and new admirers

Summary

In May 1881, Darwin, one of the best-known celebrities in England if not the world, began writing about all the eminent men he had met. He embarked on this task, which formed an addition to his autobiography, because he had nothing else to do. He had…

Matches: 20 hits

… In May 1881, Darwin, one of the best-known celebrities in England if not the world, began …
… a very old man, who probably will not last much longer.’ Darwin’s biggest fear was not death, but …
… sweetest place on this earth’. From the start of the year, Darwin had his demise on his mind. He …
… provision for the dividing of his wealth after his death. Darwin’s gloominess was compounded by the …
… and new admirers got in touch, and, for all his fears, Darwin found several scientific topics to …
… Evolution old and new when revising his essay on Erasmus Darwin’s scientific work, and that Darwin …
… of the false accusation’. Other friends rallied round. Francis Balfour translated Krause’s account …
… had been a major undertaking for both Darwin and his son Francis , who assisted in the many …
… decided to print ‘500 more, making 2000’ ( letter to H. E. Litchfield, 4 January 1881 ). Unlike …
… & very surprising the whole case is to me’ (letters to W. E. Darwin, 31 January [1881] and …
… of their behaviour were trustworthy ( letter to Francis Galton, 8 March [1881] ). Although results …
… July, sending the pages to Germany for further checks by Francis Darwin, who was spending the summer …
… Ruskin, who lived there. Sending the last two chapters to Francis on 27 May , Darwin wrote, …
… to begin any new subject requiring much work’, he told Francis Darwin on 30 May . ‘I have been …
… suggestions of such plants, especially annuals ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 21 March [1881] ) …
… with you’, a Swedish teacher told him ( letter from C. E. Södling, 14 October 1881 ), while H. M. …
… little, to the general stock of knowledge’ ( letter to E. W. Bok, 10 May 1881 ). Josef Popper, an …
… of the nature & capabilities of the Fuegians’ ( letter to W. P. Snow, 22 November 1881 ). …
… ‘not absurd for one with no pretensions’ (l etter from W. E. Darwin, 13 January [1881 ]), Darwin …
… after expressing their wish to visit Darwin ( letter from E. B. Aveling, 27 September [1881] ). …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 20 hits

… | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a …
… community. Here is a selection of letters exchanged between Darwin and his workforce of women …
… Women: Letter 1194 - Darwin to Whitby, M. A. T., [12 August 1849] Darwin …
… peculiarities in inheritance. Letter 3787 - Darwin, H. E. to Darwin, [29 October …
… garden. Letter 4523 - Wedgwood, L. C. to Darwin, [6 June 1864] Darwin’s …
… 6535 - Vaughan Williams , M. S. to Darwin, H. E., [after 14 October 1869] Darwin’s …
… Letter 8611 - Cupples, A. J. to Darwin, E., [8 November1872] Anne Jane Cupples, …
… Letter 12389 - Johnson, M. to Darwin, [January 1880 ] Mary Johnson tells Darwin about her …
… 12745 - Darwin to Wedg wood, K. E. S., [8 October 1880 ] Darwin asks his niece, …
… 12760 - Wedgw ood, K. E. S. to Darwin, [15 October 1880 ] Darwin’s niece, Katherine …
… Himalaya and Tibet. Letter 4139 - Darwin, W. E. to Darwin, [4 May 1863] …
… Darwin, [9 January 1871] Darwin’s brother-in-law, Francis , reports on the appearance and …
… detail. Family letter: Darwin, E. to Darwin, W. E., [January 23rd 1887]: Emma …
… February 1857] Darwin’s nephew, Edmund, writes to Francis with the results of his …
… of his garden. Letter 4233 - Tegetmeier, W. B. to Darwin, [29 June - 7 July 1863] …
… in his home. Letter 10517 - Darwin to Francis , F., [29 May 1876] Darwin …
… publication of The Movement of Plants in 1880 and his “assistance” is proudly …
… and edited by “a lady”. Darwin, E. to Darwin, W. E. , (March, 1862 - DAR 219.1:49) …
… over. Letter 8153 - Darwin to Darwin, W. E., [9 January 1872] Darwin …
… publication of The Movement of Plants in 1880 and his “assistance” is proudly …

Casting about: Darwin on worms

Summary

Earthworms were the subject of a citizen science project to map the distribution of earthworms across Britain (BBC Today programme, 26 May 2014). The general understanding of the role earthworms play in improving soils and providing nutrients for plants to…

Matches: 12 hits

… for plants to flourish can be traced back to the last book Darwin wrote, snappily-titled The …
… on their habits, which was published in 1881. Despite Darwin’s fears that a book on earthworms might …
… out in his Natural History of Selborne of 1789 (a book Darwin claimed had ‘much influence on my …
… a new field in natural history, and almost a century later Darwin argued that all fields had passed …
… variety of strange things he persuaded people to do. Darwin concluded that worms had no sense …
… of a metal whistle and to being shouted at, but also to Francis Darwin playing the bassoon, and to …
… made calculations about larger castings on poorer soils, and Francis helped with calculations …
… . After a while, looking for earthworm casts became a habit; Francis noticed worm casts in fir woods …
… existence of worms at that altitude. By the 1870s, Darwin was also drawing on the work of …
… him. Soon worm excrement was trusted to postal services, and Darwin acquired casts from India and …
… soul is absorbed with worms just at present!’ ( letter to W. T. Thiselton Dyer, 23 November [1880 ] …
… much bigger souls than anyone wd suppose’ ( letter to W. E. Darwin, 31 January [1881] (CUL DAR …

Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small

Summary

In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…

Matches: 24 hits

… In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous …
… for scientific colleagues or their widows facing hardship. Darwin had suffered from poor health …
… of his scientific friends quickly organised a campaign for Darwin to have greater public recognition …
… Botanical observation and experiment had long been Darwin’s greatest scientific pleasure. The year …
… to Fritz Müller, 4 January 1882 ). These were topics that Darwin had been investigating for years, …
… working at the effects of Carbonate of Ammonia on roots,’ Darwin wrote, ‘the chief result being that …
… for some hours in a weak solution of C. of Ammonia’. Darwin’s interest in root response and the …
… London on 6 and 16 March, respectively. In January, Darwin corresponded with George John …
… vol. 28, letter from Arthur de Souza Corrêa, 20 October 1880 , and Correspondence vol. 29, …
… experiments had been conducted to lend support to Darwin’s theory of pangenesis (see …
… He was eager to write up the results on Brazilian cane, with Darwin providing a detailed outline: ‘I …
… the flowers & experimentising on them’ ( letter to J. E. Todd, 10 April 1882 ). While …
… and a ‘Glycerin Pepsin mixture’ (letters to W. W. Baxter, 11 March 1882 and 18 March [1882 ]) …
… he is a good deal depressed about himself’ (letter from H. E. Litchfield to G. H. Darwin, 17 March …
… is very calm but she has cried a little’ (letter from H. E. Litchfield to G. H. Darwin, [19 April …
… overflowing in tenderness’ (letter from Emma Darwin to W. E. Darwin, 10 May 1882 (DAR 219.1: 150)). …
… at an early age was encouraged by Darwin. He wrote to Francis : ‘I say nothing about the loss to …
… a small tribute of respect’ (letter from John Lubbock to Francis Darwin, 20 April 1882 (DAR 215: 10n …
… he had witnessed an earthquake in 1835 ( letter from R. E. Alison, [March–July 1835 ]). …
… without any mercy’ ( letter from Emma Wedgwood to F. E. E. Wedgwood, [28 October 1836] , letter …
… pains)… would be very interesting to me’ ( letter to E. W. V. Harcourt, 24 June [1856] ). In a …
… of ice dams causing glacial lakes was presented by Thomas Francis Jamieson in a paper to the …
… Darwin’s views on eugenics, a term coined by his cousin Francis Galton, were mixed, partly owing to …
… years of Darwin’s life show his increasing attachment to Francis , as father and son worked together …

Referencing women’s work

Summary

Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, but whether and how they were acknowledged in print involved complex considerations of social standing, professional standing, and personal preference.…

Matches: 18 hits

… Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, …
… set of selected letters is followed by letters relating to Darwin's 1881 publication …
… throughout Variation . Letter 2395 - Darwin to Holland, Miss, [April 1860] …
… anonymised and masculinised. Letter 3316 - Darwin to Nevill, D. F., [12 November …
… Nevill is referenced by name for her “kindness” in Darwin’s Fertilisation of Orchids . …
… critic. Letter 4370 - Wedgwood, L. C. to Darwin, [April - May 1865] Darwin …
… as “friends in Surrey”. Letter 4794 - Darwin to Lyell, C., [25 March 1865] …
… B”. Letter 7060 - Wedgwood, F. J. to Darwin, [1867 - 72] Darwin’s …
… in the final publication. Letter 7223 - Darwin to Wedgwood, L. C., [9 June 1867 - …
… in Expression . Letter 5817 - Darwin to Huxley, T. H., [30 January 1868 …
… Letter 8321 - Darwin to Litchfield, H. E., [13 May 1872] Darwin consults his …
… Letter 8427 - Darwin to Litchfield H. E., [25 July 1872] Darwin thanks Henrietta for …
… Darwin, [4 January 1871] Darwin’s brother-in-law, Francis Wedgwood, sends the results of …
… [1 November 1877] Darwin asks his sons, Horace and Francis , to observe earthworm activity …
… Letter 12742 - Darwin, H. to Darwin, [7 October 1880 ] Horace writes to his father …
… . Letter 12745 - Darwin to Wedgwood, K. E. S., [8 October 1880 ] Darwin …
… 12760 - Wedgwood, K. E. S. to Darwin, [15 October 1880 ] Darwin’s niece, Sophy, …
… Letter 13037 - Darwin to Darwin, W. E., [5 February 1881] Darwin discusses …

Moral Nature

Summary

In Descent of Man, Darwin argued that human morality had evolved from the social instincts of animals, especially the bonds of sympathy and love. Darwin gathered observations over many decades on animal behavior: the heroic sacrifices of social insects,…

Matches: 14 hits

… | Selected Readings In Descent of Man , Darwin argued that human morality had …
… (Barrett et al. eds. 1987, p. 619) Darwin gathered observations over many decades on …
… Though rooted in instinctive sympathy, moral behavior for Darwin was not purely automatic or …
… the social instincts that humans shared with animals. Darwin's moral theory was the most …
… obligation, compassion, guilt, and the pangs of conscience. Darwin's theory was condemned by …
… female members of their hive in order to protect the queen. Darwin engaged with his critics in …
… of ideas, rather than as evolving from animal instinct. Darwin got clarification on this point from …
… Descent of Man in the Pall Mall Gazette (Morley 1871). Darwin admired the review, and …
… from generation to generation." Letter 7685 : Darwin to Morley, John, 14 April …
… at a time when Paris is aflame". Letter 7145 : Darwin to Cobbe, F. P. 23 March …
… that he read Immanuel Kant's Metaphysics of ethics . Darwin thanked her for the book, which …
… Letter 12610 : Preston, S. T. to Darwin, 20 May 1880 In correspondence with the engineer …
… Letter 12615 : Darwin, C. R. to Preston, S. T., 22 May 1880 "My conviction as yet …
… H. 1974. 'Early writings of Charles Darwin', in Gruber, H. E., Darwin on man. A …

Darwin and the Church

Summary

The story of Charles Darwin’s involvement with the church is one that is told far too rarely. It shows another side of the man who is more often remembered for his personal struggles with faith, or for his role in large-scale controversies over the…

Matches: 23 hits

… The story of Charles Darwin’s involvement with the church is one that is told far too rarely. It …
… unique window into this complicated relationship throughout Darwin’s life, as it reveals his …
… belief (and doubt) than many non-conformist denominations. Darwin’s parents attended a Unitarian …
… the necessary studies to be a clergyman. During Darwin’s lifetime, the vast majority of the …
… income was essential to enjoy a gentlemanly lifestyle. For Darwin, who could rely on the financial …
… compatible with the pursuit of scientific interests. Indeed, Darwin’s Cambridge mentor, John Stevens …
… (Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine (1887): 321). Darwin started on his journey around the world …
… it even through a grove of Palms.—’ (letter to Caroline Darwin, 25–6 April [1832] ). Darwin’s …
… British Museum or some other learned place’ (letter from E. A. Darwin, 18 August [1832] ). …
… sort of scene I never ought to think about—’ (letter to W. D. Fox, [9–12 August] 1835 ). Darwin’s …
… from the late 1830s, and in correspondence with his fiancée, Emma Wedgwood, in 1838 and 1839, as can …
… within six years of his return from the Beagle voyage, Darwin moved to Down House, in the …
… where their children Mary and Charles were buried; later Darwin’s brother Erasmus, Emma’s sister …
… of Emma, whose religious scruples are discussed here. But Darwin’s correspondence reveals his own …
… Although he was not the principal landowner in Down, Darwin was a gentleman of means, and clearly …
… made inroads on Anglican authority in the countryside. The Darwin family took an interest in, and …
… Many of the letters highlighted in this section focus on Darwin’s long-standing relationship with …
… To the end of his life Innes refused to be persuaded by Darwin’s theory of evolution, but …
… an excellent Guardian [of the Poor Fund]’ (letter to J. W. Lubbock, 28 March [1854] ). Despite …
… is an interesting letter from Darwin to the evangelist J. W. C. Fegan. Darwin whole-heartedly …
… in the village’ (letter to J. W. C. Fegan, [December 1880 – February 1881] ). Indeed, the Darwin …
… Victorian clergy. London: Croom Helm. Keppel, T. E. 1887. The country parson as he was, and as …
… Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter . Edited by Francis Darwin. 3 vols. London: John …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 27 hits

… At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of …
… markedly, reflecting a decline in his already weak health. Darwin then began punctuating letters …
… am languid & bedeviled … & hate everybody’. Although Darwin did continue his botanical …
… letter-writing dwindled considerably. The correspondence and Darwin’s scientific work diminished …
… of the water-cure. The treatment was not effective and Darwin remained ill for the rest of the year. …
… the correspondence from the year. These letters illustrate Darwin’s preoccupation with the …
… to man’s place in nature both had a direct bearing on Darwin’s species theory and on the problem …
… detailed anatomical similarities between humans and apes, Darwin was full of praise. He especially …
… in expressing any judgment on Species or origin of man’. Darwin’s concern about the popular …
… Lyell’s and Huxley’s books. Three years earlier Darwin had predicted that Lyell’s forthcoming …
… first half of 1863 focused attention even more closely on Darwin’s arguments for species change. …
… ‘groan’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 6 March [1863] ). Darwin reiterated in a later letter that it …
… of creation, and the origin of species particularly, worried Darwin; he told Hooker that he had once …
… letter to J. D. Hooker, 24[–5] February [1863] ). Darwin did not relish telling Lyell of his …
… ( letter to Charles Lyell, 6 March [1863] ). Nevertheless, Darwin’s regret was profound that the …
… the ‘brutes’, but added that he would bring many towards Darwin who would have rebelled against …
… from Charles Lyell, 11 March 1863 ). The botanist Asa Gray, Darwin’s friend in the United States, …
… off ( see letter from Asa Gray, 20 April 1863 ). In May, Darwin responded to Gray that Lyell’s and …
… or Modification, ’. Faction fighting Darwin was not alone in feeling disaffected …
… in the subject. ‘The worst of it is’, Hooker wrote to Darwin, ‘I suppose it is virtually Huxley’s …
… seen how indignant all Owen’s lies and mean conduct about E. Columbi made me… . The case is come to …
… this subject seems to get rarer & rarer’ ( letter to H. W. Bates, 18 April [1863] ), …
… for the Natural History Review ( see letter to H. W. Bates, 12 January [1863] ). Darwin added …
… Copley Medal had been unsuccessful ( see letter from E. A. Darwin to Emma Darwin, 11 November [1863 …
… on the bookcase and around the head of the sofa ( letter to W. E. Darwin, [25 July 1863], and …
… by them (see Correspondence vol. 11, Appendix IX). Francis Darwin later wrote of his father’s …
… was hidden by overgrown trees and shrubs ( see letter from W. D. Fox, 7 September [1863] ). Emma …

'An Appeal' against animal cruelty

Summary

The four-page pamphlet transcribed below and entitled 'An Appeal', was composed jointly by Emma and Charles Darwin (see letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, [29 September 1863]). The pamphlet, which protested against the cruelty of steel vermin…

Matches: 8 hits

… many persons Squires Ladies & MPs' (see letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, [6–27 …
… the campaign than she expected (see the letter from Emma Darwin to William Erasmus Darwin, [2 …
… distributing the 'cruelty pamphlet', and letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, 8 December …
… of 'many of the leading sportsmen of the country', and Francis Trevelyan Buckland, well …
… paper Animal World , and prominently linked Charles Darwin"s name to the offer of a prize …
… for working horses with sore necks (see letter from Emma Darwin to William Erasmus Darwin, [23 April …
… 1861, in 1863 and 1864, from 1871 to 1875, and in 1878 and 1880 (CD’s Classed account books (Down …
… not been identified; however, see letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, 8 December [1863]. Only two …

People featured in the German and Austrian photograph album

Summary

Biographical details of people from the Habsburg Empire that appeared in the album of German and Austrian scientists sent to Darwin on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to Johannes Mattes for providing these details and for permission to make his…

Matches: 8 hits

… in the album of German and Austrian scientists sent to Darwin on 12 February 1877. We are …
… p. 9. N.N.: Die Spielhölle in der Kärntnerstraße. In: Neues Wiener Blatt 270 (2 nd …
… official ( Oberhüttenverwalter ) in Idrija. E. Tietze: Jahresbericht für 1912. In: …
… Gymnasium in Graz (1851) and Olomouc (1856). From 1858 to 1880 , he taught natural history in the …
… member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences (1892). W. Kühnelt: Marenzeller Emil von. In: …
… Wissenschaften 1975. p. 77. Le Monnier, Francis Knight of (Le Monnier, Franz …
… of the Zoological-Botanical Society in Vienna. W. Heß: Rogenhofer, Alois. In: Allgemeine …
… 1873). Habilitation in palaeontology (1877) and geology (1880 ) at the Technical College in Vienna, …

	CCD intro	(3)
	Featured	(3)
	Life sciences	(2)
	Natural selections: a longer read	(2)
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	botany	(1)
	hothouse	(1)
	Historical documents	(1)

Darwin Correspondence Project

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