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Darwin in letters, 1837–1843: The London years to 'natural selection'

Summary

The seven-year period following Darwin's return to England from the Beagle voyage was one of extraordinary activity and productivity in which he became recognised as a naturalist of outstanding ability, as an author and editor, and as a professional…

Matches: 25 hits

  • The seven-year period following Darwin's return to England from the Beagle  voyage was one
  • a family Busy as he was with scientific activities, Darwin found time to re-establish family
  • whom his work brought him into close contact. In November 1838, two years after his return, Darwin
  • daughter, Anne Elizabeth, moved to Down House in Kent, where Darwin was to spend the rest of his
  • his greatest theoretical achievement, the most important of Darwins activities during the years
  • identifications of his bird and fossil mammal specimens, Darwin arrived at the daring and momentous
  • be as they are (Kohn 1980). Between April 1837 and September 1838 he filled several notebooks with
  • in species. With this new theoretical point of departure Darwin continued to make notes and explore
  • present in the version of 1859. Young author Darwins investigation of the species
  • the  Beagle  had returned to England, news of some of Darwins findings had been spread by the
  • great excitement. The fuller account of the voyage and Darwins discoveries was therefore eagerly
  • suitable categories for individual experts to work upon, Darwin applied himself to the revision of
  • of the surveying voyage of H.M.S. Adventure and Beagle. Darwins volume bore the title  Journal
  • visited by H.M.S. BeagleAlso in November 1837, Darwin read the fourth of a series of papers to
  • it (in his referees report to the Society of 9 March 1838), had been developed by Darwin from a
  • and Buckland (see the reports by Buckland, 9 March 1838 , and Sedgwick, [after 15 May 1838] ). …
  • of his  Beagle  work, and it too was in geology. In 1838 he set out on a geological tour in
  • Zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle  from February 1838 to October 1843. The correspondence
  • plant distribution and classification (see Henslow 1837a and 1838; W. J. Hooker and G. A. W. Arnott
  • his hypothesis. In a letter to Lyell, [14] September [1838] , he wrote: 'I have lately been
  • generation, fecundity, and inheritance. After mid-September 1838, when he had histheory to work by
  • of Comtes  Philosophie positive ([Brewster] 1838; see also Manier 1978, pp. 405) which
  • 1961, p. 53). Marriage Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in January 1839. His hopes and
  • several months (See  Correspondence  vol. 1, letter to Caroline Darwin, 13 October 1834 , and
  • the task Darwin had set for himself when, in the spring of 1838, he wrote in his notebook: &#039

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 24 hits

  • In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished
  • used these notebooks extensively in dating and annotating Darwins letters; the full transcript
  • … *128). For clarity, the transcript does not record Darwins alterations. The spelling and
  • book had been consulted. Those cases where it appears that Darwin made a genuine deletion have been
  • a few instances, primarily in theBooks Readsections, Darwin recorded that a work had been
  • arranged alphabetically, of the scientific books read from 1838 through 1846, but it was not kept up
  • of the books listed in the other two notebooks. Sometimes Darwin recorded that an abstract of the
  • own. Soon after beginning his first reading notebook, Darwin began to separate the scientific
  • the second reading notebook. Readers primarily interested in Darwins scientific reading, therefore, …
  • editorsidentification of the book or article to which Darwin refers. A full list of these works is
  • page number (or numbers, as the case may be) on which Darwins entry is to be found. The
  • in the bibliography that other editions were available to Darwin. While it is likely that Darwin
  • Inside Front Cover] C. Darwin June 1 st . 1838 Stokes Library 1
  • read L. Jenyns paper on Annals of Nat. Hist. [Jenyns 1838] Prichard; a 3 d . vol
  • Cavernes dOssements 7 th  Ed. 10  8 vo . [Serres 1838] good to trace Europ. forms compared
  • 1827] Paxton on the culture of Dahlias [Paxton 1838] read Paper on consciousness in
  • … [DAR *119: 4v.] Bevans work on Bees new Ed. 1838 [Bevan 1838] Harlaam Phys. & …
  • … [Anon. 1839b] Rev. on Walker on Intermarriage [A. Walker 1838] M me  Necker on Education [A
  • Torrey have published Botany of N. America [Torrey and Gray 183843]. both indigenous & imported
  • r  Yarrell has it?? Walker on Interriage [A. Walker 1838] refers to writings of
  • has published work on fossil shells of N. America [Conrad 1838] Atlas de la Geographie des
  • well worth reading. Read Loudons Arboretum [Loudon 1838] in Edinburgh Review July 1839 [Anon
  • … (Liebig 1851). 50  Probably Elizabeth Wedgwood. 51  This note is a
  • London. [Other eds.] 119: 22b Gray, Elizabeth Caroline. 1840Tour to the sepulchres of

Dining at Down House

Summary

Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Dining, Digestion, and Darwin's Domestic Life While Darwin is best remembered for his scientific accomplishments, he greatly valued and was strongly influenced by his domestic life. Darwin's…

Matches: 12 hits

  • Questions | Experiment Dining, Digestion, and Darwin's Domestic Life
  • chance for what share of happiness this world affords." ( Darwin to H.W. Bates , 26
  • and they partook in his scientific endeavours. One of Darwin's defining characteristics
  • through his correspondence. Letters written to and from Darwin, as well as those exchanged between
  • provides into the bright and engaging personalities of the Darwin children and of family life in the
  • SOURCES Book Darwin, Charles. On the Origin of Species . 1859. London: John
  • Dining at Down House Letter 259Charles Darwin to Caroline Darwin, 13 October
  • South American cities, cultures, geography, flora and fauna) Darwin complains to his sister Caroline
  • on horseback while ill. Letter 465Emma Wedgwood (Emma Darwin) to Charles Darwin, [30
  • agreeablefor her sake. Letter 3626Emma Darwin to T. G. Appleton, 28 June [1862] …
  • behalf to his American publisher, T. G. Appleton. Darwin, who is too ill to write himself, wishes to
  • cod liver oil and moderate work, among other things, for Darwins complaints. Emma Darwin

Darwin's health

Summary

On 28 March 1849, ten years before Origin was published, Darwin wrote to his good friend Joseph Hooker from Great Malvern in Worcestershire, where Dr James Manby Gully ran a fashionable water-cure establishment. Darwin apologised for his delayed reply to…

Matches: 16 hits

  • March 1849, ten years before  Origin  was published, Darwin wrote to his good friend Joseph Hooker
  • Manby Gully ran a fashionable water-cure establishment. Darwin apologised for his delayed reply to
  • See the letter At various periods in his life Darwin suffered from gastrointestinal
  • fatigue, trembling, faintness, and dizziness. In 1849, Darwins symptoms became so severe that he
  • for three months while he took Dr Gullys water cure. In Darwins letter to Hooker, he described Dr
  • See the letter After returning from Malvern, Darwin continued his hydropathic
  • 1863. In a letter to Hooker in April of 1861for example, Darwin used his delicate physiology to
  • Edward Wickstead Lane, and at Ilkley with Dr Edmund Smith, Darwin sought advice from his consulting
  • of a fashionable spinal ice treatment. In April 1864, Darwin attributed his improved health to Dr
  • to JDHooker, 13 April [1864] ) Why was Darwins so ill? Historians and others have
  • that there were psychological or psychosomatic dimensions to Darwins most severe periods of crisis. …
  • letter to F. T. Buckland, 15 December [1864] ). On Darwins early stomach troubles, see
  • occurrences of flatulence (see Colp 1977, pp. 46-7). Darwin first mentioned attacks of
  • daily (see Correspondence vol. 12, letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, [6 May 1864] ). …
  • up food.  In his letter to Chapman of 16 May [1865] , Darwin stated that his sickness wasalways
  • … , and Correspondence vol. 2, letter to Sarah Elizabeth Wedgwood, [28 August 1837] ). His

Science: A Man’s World?

Summary

Discussion Questions|Letters Darwin's correspondence show that many nineteenth-century women participated in the world of science, be it as experimenters, observers, editors, critics, producers, or consumers. Despite this, much of the…

Matches: 14 hits

  • Discussion Questions | Letters Darwin's correspondence show that many nineteenth
  • Letters Darwins Notes On Marriage [April - July 1838] In these notes, …
  • of family, home and sociability. Letter 489 - Darwin to Wedgwood, E., [20 January 1839] …
  • theories, & accumulating facts in silence & solitude”. Darwin also comments that he has
  • Letter 3715 - Claparède, J. L. R. A. E. to Darwin, [6 September 1862] Claparède
  • are not those of her sex”. Letter 4038 - Darwin to Lyell, C., [12-13 March 1863] …
  • critic”. Letter 4377 - Haeckel, E. P. A. to Darwin, [2 January 1864] Haeckel
  • works”. Letter 4441 - Becker, L. E. to Darwin, [30 March 1864] Lydia Becker
  • to study nature. Letter 4940 - Cresy, E. to Darwin, E., [20 November 1865] …
  • masculine nor pedantic”. Letter 6976 - Darwin to Blackwell, A. B., [8 November 1869] …
  • … , (1829). Letter 7329 - Murray, J. to Darwin, [28 September 1870] Written
  • them ears”. Letter 8055 - Hennell, S. S. to Darwin, [7 November 1871] Sarah
  • thinking”. Letter 8079 - Norton, S. R. to Darwin, [20 November 1871] Sarah
  • Kennard, C. A., [9 January 1882] Darwin responds to Caroline Kennards enquiry about

Darwin and the Church

Summary

The story of Charles Darwin’s involvement with the church is one that is told far too rarely. It shows another side of the man who is more often remembered for his personal struggles with faith, or for his role in large-scale controversies over the…

Matches: 19 hits

  • The story of Charles Darwins involvement with the church is one that is told far too rarely. It
  • unique window into this complicated relationship throughout Darwins life, as it reveals his
  • belief (and doubt) than many non-conformist denominations. Darwins parents attended a Unitarian
  • the necessary studies to be a clergyman. During Darwins lifetime, the vast majority of the
  • income was essential to enjoy a gentlemanly lifestyle. For Darwin, who could rely on the financial
  • compatible with the pursuit of scientific interests. Indeed, Darwins Cambridge mentorJohn Stevens
  • … (Blackwoods Edinburgh Magazine (1887): 321). Darwin started on his journey around the world
  • I can see it even through a grove of Palms.—’ (letter to Caroline Darwin, 256 April [1832] ). …
  • Museum or some other learned place’ (letter from E. A. Darwin, 18 August [1832] ). Writing to Fox
  • about—’ (letter to W. D. Fox, [912 August] 1835 ). Darwins doubts about orthodox belief, and
  • late 1830s, and in correspondence with his fiancéeEmma Wedgwood, in 1838 and 1839, as can be read
  • within six years of his return from the  Beagle  voyage, Darwin moved to Down House, in the
  • where their children Mary and Charles were buried; later Darwins brother Erasmus, Emmas sister
  • of Emma, whose religious scruples are discussed here. But Darwins correspondence reveals his own
  • Although he was not the principal landowner in Down, Darwin was a gentleman of means, and clearly
  • made inroads on Anglican authority in the countryside. The Darwin family took an interest in, and
  • Many of the letters highlighted in this section focus on Darwins long-standing relationship with
  • To the end of his life Innes refused to be persuaded by Darwins theory of evolution, but
  • cordial; in the first extant letter of the correspondence, Darwin wrote to Innes expressing concern

Journal of researches

Summary

Within two months of the Beagle’s arrival back in England in October 1836, Darwin, although busy with distributing his specimens among specialists for description, and more interested in working on his geological research, turned his mind to the task of…

Matches: 23 hits

  • The Journal of researches , Darwins account of his travels round the world in H.M.S. Beagle , …
  • The circumstances of its publication were not shaped by Darwin, however, but by the Beagles
  • of the globe , with the title Journal and remarks . Darwins volume was soon issued separately
  • of the Beagle , although this title was never used in Darwins lifetime. Conception
  • form the basis of his publicationAfter Henry Holland, Darwins second cousin, pointed out there
  • confessed, ‘ but I found no part of yours tedious ’. Darwins sister Catherine also reported that
  • to criticize ’. By the end of 1836, the matter of whether Darwins journal would form a separate
  • the narrative be divided into three volumes with one for Darwin alone, and theprofits if
  • length of the journal kept during the voyage, while another Wedgwood cousin continued to encourage
  • the hodge-podge complete .’ Shortly after this, Darwin outlined the same plan to his
  • information from others. ‘I have been going steadily,’ Darwin told Henslow, ‘and have already made a
  • will much add to the value of the whole .’ By July 1837, Darwin had finished the draft of his book
  • work, cramming up learning to ornament my journal with ’. Darwins methods for acquiring
  • of activity had been spurred by assurances in May 1837 that Darwins volume wouldbegin to print in
  • … ‘ not be published till November 1 st . ’ By 18 May, Darwin was workingvery steadily’, but
  • at the workhis progress was slow ’. Nonetheless, Darwin kept to the schedule, even though the
  • Since books were sent to the printer in sections, Darwin still had a few days to complete later
  • with the thistles, which will go a few days afterwards ’. Darwin also warned Henslow that he hoped
  • was something he wasbound to doas he had sent Darwin out on the voyage. If Darwin found
  • attending the renowned Birmingham Music Festival with his Wedgwood cousins. ‘ To write a book, I do
  • Deluge Chapter’, Darwin wrote to his sister Caroline, adding that Charles Lyellsays it beats all
  • or simply get lost as part of three-volume set. In September 1838, Charles Lyell reported that his
  • because Darwin had circulated the page proofs from early 1838, not least to William Whewell, …

Darwin’s observations on his children

Summary

Charles Darwin’s observations on the development of his children, began the research that culminated in his book The Expression of the emotions in man and animals, published in 1872, and his article ‘A biographical sketch of an infant’, published in Mind…

Matches: 22 hits

  • Charles Darwins observations on the development of his children,[1began the
  • is available below . As with much of his other work, Darwin gathered additional information on the
  • lunatics, the blind, and animals. And as early as 1839 Darwin had begun to collect information on
  • the expression of emotions. As the following transcript of Darwins notes reveals, he closely
  • William Erasmus, the stages of his development suggesting to Darwin those expressions which are
  • The tone of the manuscript reflects an aspect of Darwins character clearly perceived by Emma during
  • … “What does that prove”.’[6For in these notes, Darwins deep scientific curiosity transcends his
  • that on occasion he refers to William asit’. Darwin possessed the ability to dissociate
  • memories.[8Yet, though the dissociation was essential for Darwins scientific goal, the notes here
  • the record breaks off until January 1852, by which time the Darwin family had increased by five: …
  • the onset of frowning, smiling, etc., as was the focus of Darwins attention on William and Anne, …
  • of logical thought and language. On 20 May 1854, Darwin again took over the notebook and, …
  • all the notes until July 1856, when the observations ceased. Darwins later entries, like Emmas, …
  • Transcription: 1 [9W. Erasmus. Darwin born. Dec. 27 th . 1839.—[10During first week. …
  • was called.— 29 th . Cried at the sight of Allen Wedgwood[32Is able to catch hold of a
  • … [6Correspondence  vol. 2, letter from Emma Wedgwood, [23 January 1839] . [7]  …
  • 1840] . [8See CDs autobiographical fragment of 1838 ( Correspondence  vol. 2, Appendix
  • written in pencil by CD and subsequently overwritten by Emma Darwin. The transcription throughout
  • … [15] ‘Annie . . . fortnightwas written by Emma Darwin on the verso of page 3 and opposite the
  • The name and address of a Mrs Locke are noted in Emma Darwins 1843 diary. [16The following
  • the next paragraph were written by Emma Darwin. [29Caroline Sarah Wedgwood, Elizabeth
  • transcription of CDs autobiographical fragment written in 1838, in which he remarked on how he