From Francis Darwin [after 14 November 1881]
Summary
Thanks for two letters from Pfeffer. Will return translation of Pfeffer and send a letter from Elfring. Looking forward to working on "antiWiesner" experiments. Will return on 26th or 27th.
| Author: | Francis Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | [after 14 Nov 1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 274.1: 68 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13485F |
Matches: 8 hits
- … work on plant movement ( Wiesner 1881 ; see letter from Wilhelm Pfeffer, 6 November 1881 …
- … family in early October (see letter to Francis Darwin, 17 October 1881 and nn. 1 and 14). …
- … relationship between this letter and the letter to Francis Darwin, 14 November [1881] . …
- … CD had sent the letters from Wilhelm Pfeffer , 24 October 1881 and 6 November 1881 . …
- … by Julius Sachs (see letter from Francis Darwin, 19 [May 1881] and n. 3). Ein Esel : a …
- … or idiot (German). CD had the letter from Wilhelm Pfeffer, 6 November 1881 , translated by …
- … ant waste (see letter to Francis Darwin, 28 [October 1881] ). Botanischer Jahresbericht …
- … Pattrick (see letter to Camilla Pattrick, [after 6 November 1881] ). The letter from …
From Francis Darwin [before 4 June 1881]
Summary
Encloses letter from Elfving (not found). Should he publish on false circumnutation?
| Author: | Francis Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | [before 4 June 1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 274.1: 75 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13192F |
Matches: 9 hits
- … Darwin, 30 May [1881] ; the letter from Francis’s son, Bernard Darwin , has not been …
- … three diagrams (see letter from Francis Darwin, 19 [May 1881] and n. 4). Francis did …
- … and Sachs’s temperaments in his letter of 14 May 1881 . He had earlier told CD about other …
- … relationship between this letter and the letters to Francis Darwin of 30 May [1881] and …
- … response in the fungus (see also letter from Francis Darwin, 19 [May 1881] and n. …
- … 3). See letter to Francis Darwin, 30 May [1881] and n. 4. Eosine and fuchsine were …
- … 4 [June 1881] . See letter to Francis …
- … had recently appeared (see letter to Francis Darwin, 16 and 17 May 1881 and nn. 6 and 7). …
- … letter from Hermann Müller, 27 November 1880 ). A positive review of the book by Wilhelm Behrens appeared in Kosmos , March 1881 ( …
From Francis Darwin to George King [after 21 November 1881]
Summary
CD asks him to say that the beautiful specimens of Dischidia arrived safely.
| Author: | Francis Darwin |
| Addressee: | George King |
| Date: | [after 21 Nov 1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 185: 113b |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13501F |
From Francis Darwin 19 [May 1881]
Summary
Is sorry to have involved himself in a priority dispute between Wortmann and Elfving. Intends to publish on circumnutation; will CD send him his notes? Apologises for taking CD’s protractor, will send it back. Has met Oscar Schmidt.
| Author: | Francis Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 19 [May 1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 274.1: 72 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13166F |
Matches: 7 hits
- … mentioned meeting Oskar Schmidt in his letter of 14 May 1881 . Kneipe : pub, bar (German). …
- … mycelium of a fungus (see letter from Francis Darwin, 14 May 1881 and n. 7). Francis had …
- … sinking of a ship (see letter to Francis Darwin, 16 and 17 May 1881 and n. 11). Francis …
- … relationship between this letter and the letter to Francis Darwin, 16 and 17 May 1881 . …
- … See letter to Francis Darwin, 16 and 17 May 1881 . No correspondence between Francis and …
- … of the sporangium. In his letter of 16 and 17 May 1881 , CD had mentioned being unable to …
- … letter from Francis Darwin, 29 May 1879 ). Elfving was the first researcher to describe an autochemotropic (avoidance) response in the sporophore of the fungus Phycomyces nitens . His paper ‘En obeaktad känslighet hos Phycomyces’ (An unobserved sensitivity in Phycomyces; Elfving 1881 ) …
From Francis Darwin [21 October 1881]
Summary
Commiserates on news of Wiesner and experiment on transmission of heliotropism. Asks whether he should review book for Nature.
| Author: | Francis Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | [21 Oct 1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 274.1: 69 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13474F |
From Francis Darwin 23 [May 1881]
Summary
Would like some of his notes. Has been looking at roots of Linum, cucurbits, larch, and orchids. Is content that mother should teach Bernard whatever religion she likes.
| Author: | Francis Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 23 [May 1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 274.1: 66 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13170F |
Matches: 4 hits
- … sheets had arrived at Down on 22 May 1881 (see letter to Francis Darwin, 22– 3 May 1881 ). …
- … between this letter and the letter to Francis Darwin, 20 May 1881 . The Monday following …
- … May 1881 was 23 May. See letter to Francis Darwin, 20 May 1881 ; CD and Francis had begun …
- … Tscherning 1872 ; see letter from F. A. Tscherning, 6 May 1881 and nn. 1 and 3). The …
From Francis Darwin [after 17 June 1881]
Summary
Passes on an account from Cohen of preparations by Hahn of fossil coral-like structures.
| Author: | Francis Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | [after 17 June 1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 274.1: 74 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13208G |
From Francis Darwin to Alphonse de Candolle 24 January [1881]
Summary
FD and CD have been interested in AdeC’s diagram for illustrating inheritance. The difficulty of estimating different qualities in oneself and others is very great. Encloses a diagram illustrating how FD compares himself with his parents. CD has filled in a comparison with his father. It shows he resembles his father more than FD resembles CD. [The qualities compared are: stature, hair, eyes, pulse, musical capacity, ability to draw, tendency toward biological sciences, tendency toward mathematical sciences, perseverence, memory, aptitude for foreign languages.]
| Author: | Francis Darwin |
| Addressee: | Alphonse de Candolle |
| Date: | 24 Jan [1881] |
| Classmark: | Archives de la famille de Candolle (private collection) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13642 |
From Francis Darwin to Ernst Krause [after 10 February 1881]
Summary
CD thanks him for his congratulations and for details of letters, which he will keep with the Butlerian documents.
FD is happy for his lecture to be republished in Kosmos.
| Author: | Francis Darwin |
| Addressee: | Ernst Ludwig (Ernst) Krause |
| Date: | [after 10 Feb 1881] |
| Classmark: | The Huntington Library (HM 36219) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13048F |
From Francis Darwin 17 June 1881
Summary
Glad CD approves of diaheliotropic paper. Reports on experiments with Carex and Yucca. Discusses translation of ‘Växtbook’ from Swedish. Heard some excellent music the previous night.
| Author: | Francis Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 17 June 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 274.1: 73 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13208F |
Matches: 5 hits
- … The letter has not been found; CD’s letter of [16 June 1881] must have crossed in the mail …
- … pp. 17, 24–6). See letter to Francis Darwin, [16 June 1881] and n. 6; the work was ‘Försök …
- … Hensen 1881 ). See letter to Francis Darwin, 27 May 1881 . It was Adolf Engler , rather …
- … Robert Stawell Ball ; see letter to G. H. Darwin, 8 June [1881] and n. 2. The history of …
- … 1881 ). Otto Hahn had sent CD a copy of his work Die Meteorite (Chondrite) und ihre Organismen (Meteorites (chondrites) and their organisms; Hahn 1880 ) in December 1880 (see Correspondence vol. 28, letter …
From Francis Darwin [19 June 1881]
Summary
Discusses observations on circumnutation by FD, Kraus, Wortmann.
| Author: | Francis Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | [19 June 1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 274.1: 76 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13220F |
From Francis Darwin [25 July 1881]
Summary
Reports on a visit to Hermann Vöchting and discussion of Julius Sachs.
| Author: | Francis Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | [25 July 1881] |
| Classmark: | DAR 274.1: 67 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13252F |
From Francis Darwin 16 July 1881
Summary
Reports de Bary’s opinion of Max Cornu. Accounts of various botanical experiments and observations.
| Author: | Francis Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 16 July 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 274.1: 71 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13245F |
From Francis Darwin [1 August 1880]
Summary
Thanks for letter and journals. Sends information on earthworms and also information from Mr Ruck. Describes his fishing and his success finding sea shore plants that are new to him.
| Author: | Francis Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | [1 Aug 1880] |
| Classmark: | DAR 274.1: 63 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-12675F |
From Francis Darwin 14 May 1881
Summary
News from the laboratory at Strasbourg; is working on Equisetum roots. Wortmann has found circumnutation in the mycelium of a fast-growing fungus. Please send papers (see 13155).
| Author: | Francis Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 14 May 1881 |
| Classmark: | DAR 274.1: 70 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-13155F |
From Francis Darwin [after 28 February 1878]
Summary
He is getting some of the Heracleum seed sowed and the Cycas planted. Does CD want anything done with the potatoes sent by James Torbitt?
| Author: | Francis Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | [after 28 Feb 1878] |
| Classmark: | DAR 274.1: 46 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-11754G |
Matches: 1 hit
- … 1881, p. 470. CD and Emma Darwin stayed at the home of Richard and Henrietta Emma Litchfield at 4 Bryanston Street, London, from 27 February to 5 March (CD’s ‘Journal’ (Appendix II)). Bernard Darwin . CD was trying to obtain government support for James Torbitt’s experiments on breeding blight-resistant potatoes (see letter …
From Francis Darwin [11 or 12 November 1880]
Summary
Sorry he forgot the gardener’s address. Having a very nice time in Cambridge, and is almost finished the bramble paper. Drawing room is upside down, so living in Horace’s working room and dining room. Greek question was lost in the Senate House. George dined there last night. Too muddy to bicycle. Has some stuff for spectacles.
| Author: | Francis Darwin |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | [11 or 12 Nov 1880] |
| Classmark: | DAR 274.1: 64 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-12807F |
Matches: 1 hit
- … letter to R. F. Cooke, 20 October 1880 ). Francis Darwin 1880b . The bramble studied by Francis was Rubus fruticosus , the common blackberry. Francis was staying with Horace and Ida Darwin in Cambridge. William de Wiveleslie Abney . Robert Fulcher built scientific instruments with Albert George Dew-Smith ; their partnership was dissolved in December 1880, and in January 1881 …
| letter | (17) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (14) |
| Candolle, Alphonse de | (1) |
| King, George | (1) |
| Krause, Ernst | (1) |
| Darwin, Francis | (17) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (14) |
| Candolle, Alphonse de | (1) |
| King, George | (1) |
| Krause, Ernst | (1) |
Darwin in letters, 1881: Old friends and new admirers
Summary
In May 1881, Darwin, one of the best-known celebrities in England if not the world, began writing about all the eminent men he had met. He embarked on this task, which formed an addition to his autobiography, because he had nothing else to do. He had…
Matches: 1 hits
- … In May 1881, Darwin, one of the best-known celebrities in England if not the world, began …
Volume 29 (1881) is published!
Summary
In October 1881, Darwin published his last book, The formation of vegetable mould through the action of worms: with observations on their habits. A slim volume on a subject that many people could understand and on which they had their own opinions, it went…
Matches: 1 hits
- … From the start of 1881, Darwin had his demise on his mind. He increasingly relied on his son …
Intellectual capacities: From Caroline Kennard, 26 December 1881
Summary
We might assume that among female admirers of Darwin’s work, many would have been disappointed by his views on the comparative intellectual capacities of the sexes expressed in The Descent of Man (1872). This was certainly true of the American feminist…
Matches: 1 hits
- … We might assume that among female admirers of Darwin’s work, many would have been disappointed by …
Terms of engagement: To Julius Wiesner, 25 October 1881
Summary
Thomas Huxley’s pugnacious public defence of evolution led to his nickname ‘Darwin’s bulldog’ and to a view of Darwin as an evader of controversy. Darwin firmly believed that controversy rarely did any good, but this did not mean that he avoided challenges…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Thomas Huxley’s pugnacious public defence of evolution led to his nickname ‘Darwin’s bulldog’ and …
Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small
Summary
In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…
Matches: 1 hits
- … In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and …
Darwin in letters, 1880: Sensitivity and worms
Summary
‘My heart & soul care for worms & nothing else in this world,’ Darwin wrote to his old Shrewsbury friend Henry Johnson on 14 November 1880. Darwin became fully devoted to earthworms in the spring of the year, just after finishing the manuscript of…
Matches: 1 hits
- … ‘My heart & soul care for worms & nothing else in this world,’ Darwin wrote to his old Shrewsbury …
1.18 John Collier, oil in Linnean
Summary
< Back to Introduction By 1881 it was clear to Darwin’s intimates that he was increasingly frail, and that, as he approached death, he had finally escaped from religious controversy to become a heroic figure, loved and venerated for his achievements…
Matches: 1 hits
- … < Back to Introduction By 1881 it was clear to Darwin’s intimates that he was …
Casting about: Darwin on worms
Summary
Earthworms were the subject of a citizen science project to map the distribution of earthworms across Britain (BBC Today programme, 26 May 2014). The general understanding of the role earthworms play in improving soils and providing nutrients for plants to…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Earthworms featured in the news announcement in May 2014 that a citizen science project had …
Religion
Summary
Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Design | Personal Belief | Beauty | The Church Perhaps the most notorious …
Referencing women’s work
Summary
Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, but whether and how they were acknowledged in print involved complex considerations of social standing, professional standing, and personal preference.…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Darwin's correspondence shows that women made significant contributions to Darwin's work, but …
Women as a scientific audience
Summary
Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's …
John Murray
Summary
Darwin's most famous book On the origin of species by means of natural selection (Origin) was published on 22 November 1859. The publisher was John Murray, who specialised in non-fiction, particularly politics, travel and science, and had published…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Darwin's most famous book On the origin of species by means of natural selection (Origin) was …
Diagrams and drawings in letters
Summary
Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have …
Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year
Summary
The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…
Matches: 1 hits
- … The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early …
Darwin's bad days
Summary
Despite being a prolific worker who had many successes with his scientific theorising and experimenting, even Darwin had some bad days. These times when nothing appeared to be going right are well illustrated by the following quotations from his letters:
Matches: 1 hits
- … Despite being a prolific worker who had many successes with his scientific theorising and …
Darwin as mentor
Summary
Darwin provided advice, encouragement and praise to his fellow scientific 'labourers' of both sexes. Selected letters Letter 2234 - Darwin to Unidentified, [5 March 1858] Darwin advises that Professor C. P. Smyth’s observations are not…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Darwin provided advice, encouragement and praise to his fellow scientific 'labourers' of both …
3.20 Elliott and Fry, c.1880-1, verandah
Summary
< Back to Introduction In photographs of Darwin taken c.1880-1, the expression of energetic thought conveyed by photographs of earlier years gives way to the pathos of evident physical frailty. While Collier’s oil portrait of this time emphasises…
Matches: 1 hits
- … < Back to Introduction In photographs of Darwin taken c.1880-1, the expression of …
Earthworms
Summary
As with many of Darwin’s research topics, his interest in worms spanned nearly his entire working life. Some of his earliest correspondence about earthworms was written and received in the 1830s, shortly after his return from his Beagle voyage, and his…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Sources | Discussion Questions | Experiment Earthworms and Wedgwood cousins …
Science: A Man’s World?
Summary
Discussion Questions|Letters Darwin's correspondence show that many nineteenth-century women participated in the world of science, be it as experimenters, observers, editors, critics, producers, or consumers. Despite this, much of the…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Discussion Questions | Letters Darwin's correspondence show that many nineteenth …
Animals, ethics, and the progress of science
Summary
Darwin’s view on the kinship between humans and animals had important ethical implications. In Descent, he argued that some animals exhibited moral behaviour and had evolved mental powers analogous to conscience. He gave examples of cooperation, even…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Darwin’s view on the kinship between humans and animals had important ethical implications. In …
