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3.8 Leonard Darwin, interior photo

Summary

< Back to Introduction Leonard Darwin, who created the distinctive image of his father sitting on the verandah at Down House, also portrayed him as a melancholy philosopher. His head, brightly lit from above, emerges from the enveloping darkness; he…

Matches: 11 hits

… < Back to Introduction Leonard Darwin, who created the distinctive image of his father …
… is here an obvious relationship to Ouless’s painting of Darwin, and to the photographs taken by …
… on a boy’s mind?’ This was written as late as 1929, when Leonard was himself nearly eighty, but it …
… descriptions of him. At the same time, photographs of Darwin taken by his family and friends have an …
… Magazine. Desmond and Moore, in their biography of Darwin, captioned it ‘about 1874’, while …
… would need to have been early in that year. A letter which Leonard wrote to his father from Brompton …
… (unspecified, and now absent) might refer to the portrait of Darwin, although a pencilled note on …
… he took it in 1878. It was this photograph which Leonard himself sent to Anthony Rich, a …
… and illustrator, created a bold wood-engraved image of Darwin’s head and shoulders from Leonard ’s …
… this was for a wood engraving to illustrate an obituary of Darwin by Dr Otto Zacharias in the …
… portrait photograph ‘on china from the negative by Leonard Darwin’, lent to the 1909 exhibition by …

List of correspondents

Summary

Below is a list of Darwin's correspondents with the number of letters for each one. Click on a name to see the letters Darwin exchanged with that correspondent. "A child of God" (1) Abberley,…

Matches: 8 hits

… Below is a list of Darwin's correspondents with the number of letters for each one. …
… Octavian (3) Blomefield, Leonard (42) …
… Dareste, Camille (9) Darwin family (1) …
… Darwin, H. E. (60) Darwin, Horace (30) …
… Horner, K. M. (5) Horner, Leonard (13) …
… Jenyns, G. L. (1) Jenyns, Leonard (42) …
… Peacock, George (2) Pearce, Horace (1) …
… Ruck, M. A. (2) Rudd, Leonard (2) …

Darwin in letters, 1879: Tracing roots

Summary

Darwin spent a considerable part of 1879 in the eighteenth century. His journey back in time started when he decided to publish a biographical account of his grandfather Erasmus Darwin to accompany a translation of an essay on Erasmus’s evolutionary ideas…

Matches: 22 hits

… There are summaries of all Darwin's letters from the year 1879 on this website. The full texts …
… 27 of the print edition of The correspondence of Charles Darwin , published by Cambridge …
… to publish a biographical account of his grandfather Erasmus Darwin to accompany a translation of an …
… the sensitivity of the tips. Despite this breakthrough, when Darwin first mentioned the book to his …
… 1879 ). He was also unsatisfied with his account of Erasmus Darwin, declaring, ‘My little biography …
… a holiday in the Lake District in August did little to raise Darwin’s spirits. ‘I wish that my …
… W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, [after 26] July [1879] ). From July, Darwin had an additional worry: the …
… that his grandfather had felt the same way. In 1792, Erasmus Darwin had written: ‘The worst thing I …
… contained a warmer note and the promise of future happiness: Darwin learned he was to be visited by …
… the veteran of Modern Zoology’, but it was in Germany that Darwin was most fêted. A German …
… ). The masters of Greiz College in Thuringia venerated Darwin as ‘the deep thinker’, while …
… accepted in Germany. ‘On this festive day’, Haeckel told Darwin, ‘you can look back, with justified …
… Hermann Müller wrote on 12 February to wish Darwin a ‘long and serene evening of life’. This …
… it ‘very dull,—almost too dull to publish’, while Leonard Darwin considered that insufficient …
… ( letter to G. H. Darwin, 12 July 1879 , and letter from Leonard Darwin, [before 12 July] 1879 …
… Darwin found the inn ‘ very comfortable’, but told Leonard Darwin on 12 August that there …
… objection to the engagement between his daughter Ida and Horace Darwin. This was all the more …
… at the Farrers’ home, Abinger Hall, on several occasions. Horace had first approached Farrer to …
… Farrer’s objection was based on his impression of Horace ’s poor health and lack of profession, and …
… reported, because Darwin told Farrer ‘a great deal about Horace that he did not know, especially …
… Farrer did not relent. While the Darwins were in Coniston, Horace was instructed to wait for three …
… the engagement between his daughter Ida and Darwin’s son Horace be kept secret and that there should …

Dramatisation script

Summary

Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007

Matches: 24 hits

… Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig …
… as the creator of this dramatisation, and that of the Darwin Correspondence Project to be identified …
… correspondence or published writings of Asa Gray, Charles Darwin, Joseph Dalton Hooker, Jane Loring …
… Actor 1 – Asa Gray Actor 2 – Charles Darwin Actor 3 – In the dress of a modern day …
… Agassiz, Adam Sedgwick, A Friend of John Stuart Mill, Emma Darwin, Horace Darwin… and acts as a sort …
… the play unfolds and acting as a go-between between Gray and Darwin, and between the audience and …
… this, he sends out copies of his Review of the Life of Darwin. At this time in his life, Asa …
… friends in England, copies of his ‘Review of the Life of Darwin’… pencilling the address so that it …
… Joseph D Hooker GRAY: 3 Charles Darwin… made his home on the border of the little …
… are kept in check by a constitutional weakness. DARWIN: A plain but comfortable brick …
… by every blessing except that of vigorous health… DARWIN: 4 My confounded stomach …
… pursuits and the simplicity of his character. DARWIN: 5 I am allowed to work now …
… own house, where he was the most charming of hosts. DARWIN: 6 My life goes on …
… being a part of [an unpublished] manuscript. Darwin settles down to write. His tone is …
… THE CONCURRENCE OF BOTANISTS: 1855 In which Darwin initiates a long-running correspondence …
… gossip about difficult colleagues (Agassiz). Gray realizes Darwin is not revealing all of his …
… man, more formally attired and lighter on his feet than Darwin. He has many more demands on his time …
… catches his attention. He opens the letter. DARWIN: 8 April 25 th 1855. My …
… filled up the paper you sent me as well as I could. DARWIN: 10 My dear Dr Gray. I …
… My dear Gray. I must tell you that the other day [my boy Horace ] overheard me talking about …
… DARWIN: I answered ‘Oh yes.’ HORACE : Well then, what did they say about the kinds of …
… answered that these were all due to man’s agency. HORACE : But do not wild plants vary? …
… who ‘formerly’ believed in such conclusions. I believe Horace is a prophetic type, as Agassiz would …
… In which Gray, while continuing to provide stamps for Leonard Darwin’s collection, fails to be …

Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year

Summary

The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…

Matches: 24 hits

… 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working …
… dispute over an anonymous review that attacked the work of Darwin’s son George dominated the second …
… and traveller Alexander von Humboldt’s 105th birthday, Darwin obliged with a reflection on his debt …
… ). The death of a Cambridge friend, Albert Way, caused Darwin’s cousin, William Darwin Fox, to …
… from W. D. Fox, 8 May [1874] ). Such reminiscences led Darwin to the self-assessment, ‘as for one …
… I feel very old & helpless The year started for Darwin with a week’s visit to …
… Andrew Clark, whom he had been consulting since August 1873. Darwin had originally thought that …
… ( letter to B. J. Sulivan, 6 January [1874] ). Darwin mentioned his poor health so frequently in …
… 1874 ). Séances, psychics, and sceptics Darwin excused himself for reasons of …
… by George Henry Lewes and Marian Evans (George Eliot), but Darwin excused himself, finding it too …
… the month, another Williams séance was held at the home of Darwin’s cousin Hensleigh Wedgwood. Those …
… imposter’ ( letter from T. H. Huxley, 27 January 1874 ). Darwin agreed that it was ‘all imposture’ …
… stop word getting to America of the ‘strange news’ that Darwin had allowed ‘a spirit séance’ at his …
… the first three months of the year and, like many of Darwin’s enterprises in the 1870s, were family …
… 21, letter to Smith, Elder & Co., 17 December [1873] ). Darwin himself had some trouble in …
… and letter to Charles Lyell, [13 January 1874] ). Darwin blamed his illness for the …
… in sympathy: ‘If anybody tries that on with my boy Leonard the old wolf will shew all the fangs he …
… were also doing well. Despite ill health, his youngest son Horace began the year by taking the …
… without being bad & have done pretty well’ ( letter to Horace Darwin, 9 January [1874] ). …
… Kent. After a month’s trial Darwin wrote to the firm about Horace ’s illness: ‘My son is most …
… [1874] ). At the end of June, Darwin’s fourth son, Leonard , who had joined the Royal …
… son of the Astronomer Royal, George Biddell Airy, to help Leonard gain the commission ( …
… took twelve weeks aboard the immigrant ship Merope . Leonard joined a colourful collection of …
… son Francis married Amy Ruck, the sister of a friend of Leonard Darwin’s in the Royal Engineers, on …

Casting about: Darwin on worms

Summary

Earthworms were the subject of a citizen science project to map the distribution of earthworms across Britain (BBC Today programme, 26 May 2014). The general understanding of the role earthworms play in improving soils and providing nutrients for plants to…

Matches: 13 hits

… for plants to flourish can be traced back to the last book Darwin wrote, snappily-titled The …
… on their habits, which was published in 1881. Despite Darwin’s fears that a book on earthworms might …
… out in his Natural History of Selborne of 1789 (a book Darwin claimed had ‘much influence on my …
… a new field in natural history, and almost a century later Darwin argued that all fields had passed …
… variety of strange things he persuaded people to do. Darwin concluded that worms had no sense …
… a metal whistle and to being shouted at, but also to Francis Darwin playing the bassoon, and to Emma …
… traces of earthworm activity at Stonehenge , and Horace was later charged with making sure that 18 …
… whether worms possessed the power to lift a pavement. Leonard and George made calculations about …
… realising that this negative evidence was also valuable to Darwin. Thomas Henry Farrer , …
… existence of worms at that altitude. By the 1870s, Darwin was also drawing on the work of …
… him. Soon worm excrement was trusted to postal services, and Darwin acquired casts from India and …
… observations he had gathered to write a book on the subject. Darwin brought to the topic the …
… bigger souls than anyone wd suppose’ ( letter to W. E. Darwin, 31 January [1881] (CUL DAR 210.6: …

Darwin in letters, 1880: Sensitivity and worms

Summary

‘My heart & soul care for worms & nothing else in this world,’ Darwin wrote to his old Shrewsbury friend Henry Johnson on 14 November 1880. Darwin became fully devoted to earthworms in the spring of the year, just after finishing the manuscript of…

Matches: 20 hits

… heart & soul care for worms & nothing else in this world,’ Darwin wrote to his old …
… to adapt to varying conditions. The implications of Darwin’s work for the boundary between animals …
… studies of animal instincts by George John Romanes drew upon Darwin’s early observations of infants, …
… of evolution and creation. Many letters flowed between Darwin and his children, as he took delight …
… Financial support for science was a recurring issue, as Darwin tried to secure a Civil List pension …
… with Samuel Butler, prompted by the publication of Erasmus Darwin the previous year. …
… Charles Harrison Tindal, sent a cache of letters from two of Darwin’s grandfather’s clerical friends …
… divines to see a pig’s body opened is very amusing’, Darwin replied, ‘& that about my …
… registry offices, and produced a twenty-page history of the Darwin family reaching back to the …
… the world’ ( letter from J. L. Chester, 3 March 1880 ). Darwin’s sons George and Leonard also …
… and conciliate a few whose ancestors had not featured in Darwin’s Life . ‘In an endeavour to …
… think I must pay a round of visits.’ One cousin, Reginald Darwin, warmed to George: ‘he had been …
… an ordinary mortal who could laugh’ ( letter from W. E. Darwin to Charles and Emma Darwin, 22 July …
… whose essay on Erasmus’s scientific work complemented Darwin’s biographical piece. Krause’s essay …
… Kosmos in February 1879, an issue produced in honour of Darwin’s birthday. Krause enlarged and …
… superficial and inaccurate piece of work’, although Darwin advised him not to ‘expend much powder …
… in the last sentence. When Butler read Erasmus Darwin , he noted the reference to his work, and …
… While on honeymoon with his new wife, Ida, in the Alps, Horace spotted worms at high elevations, …
… saw a steam tram—imagine my excitement’ ( letter from Horace Darwin to Emma Darwin, [18 September …
… elected fellow of the Royal Society. He rejoiced to see Horace and Ida settled in their new home in …

Emma Darwin

Summary

Emma Darwin, Charles Darwin's wife and first cousin, was born Emma Wedgwood, the eighth and youngest child of Josiah Wedgwood II and Bessy Allen. Her father was the eldest son of the famous pottery manufacturer, Josiah Wedgwood I. Her mother was one…

Matches: 5 hits

… Emma Darwin, Charles Darwin's wife and first cousin, was born Emma Wedgwood, the eighth and …
… father's eldest sister, Susannah, had married Robert Waring Darwin of Shrewsbury, and had six …
… (Mary, Henrietta Emma, George Howard, Elizabeth, Francis, Leonard, Horace, and Charles Waring). Two …
… she lived with her daughter Elizabeth. Francis, George, and Horace also lived in Cambridge. …
… home. A great deal of her correspondence survives in the Darwin Archive–CUL, along with her …

1.15 Albert Goodwin, watercolour

Summary

< Back to Introduction In 1880 the watercolourist Albert Goodwin was apparently invited to Down to produce that rare thing – a portrait of Darwin with members of his family. As Henrietta Litchfield, Darwin’s daughter, explained when she reproduced it…

Matches: 15 hits

… invited to Down to produce that rare thing – a portrait of Darwin with members of his family. As …
… for a biography’, that, after she married and left Down, Darwin had adopted her dog Polly, and …
… on the garden side of Down House evidently became one of Darwin’s favourite places, as his decline …
… beds of flowers in bloom, the sunny sky and flocks of birds. Darwin’s children had particularly fond …
… these recollections. The work belonged to Horace Darwin, Darwin’s youngest surviving son, …
… by Henrietta and her husband as a wedding present for Horace when he married in 1880. Two years …
… of life at Down that were purveyed to the public after Darwin’s death. Many photographs were taken …
… by Alfred Parsons also depicted these places, especially Darwin’s favourite haunts: now poignantly …
… 1882, to accompany an article by Alfred Russel Wallace on Darwin’s scientific achievements, and a …
… London News in 1887 for an article headed ‘The late Mr. Darwin’ (see separate catalogue entry). …
… of incident, and grasp of topography evidently appealed to Darwin himself, as the family had already …
… in the drawing room at Down, and escaped the criticism which Darwin directed at much of the fine art …
… Alfred Russel Wallace , ‘The debt of science to Darwin’, Century Magazine , 25 (Nov. 1882 – …
… 1909), p. 5, nos. 16 and 17. Henrietta Litchfield, Emma Darwin: A Century of Family Letters 1792 …
… for a biography’, Cambridge University Library, Darwin archive, DAR 262.23: 1. Leonard Darwin, …

Darwin’s observations on his children

Summary

Charles Darwin’s observations on the development of his children, began the research that culminated in his book The Expression of the emotions in man and animals, published in 1872, and his article ‘A biographical sketch of an infant’, published in Mind…

Matches: 26 hits

… Charles Darwin’s observations on the development of his children,[1] began the …
… is available below . As with much of his other work, Darwin gathered additional information on the …
… lunatics, the blind, and animals. And as early as 1839 Darwin had begun to collect information on …
… the expression of emotions. As the following transcript of Darwin’s notes reveals, he closely …
… William Erasmus, the stages of his development suggesting to Darwin those expressions which are …
… The tone of the manuscript reflects an aspect of Darwin’s character clearly perceived by Emma during …
… “What does that prove”.’[6] For in these notes, Darwin’s deep scientific curiosity transcends his …
… that on occasion he refers to William as ‘it’. Darwin possessed the ability to dissociate …
… memories.[8] Yet, though the dissociation was essential for Darwin’s scientific goal, the notes here …
… the record breaks off until January 1852, by which time the Darwin family had increased by five: …
… the onset of frowning, smiling, etc., as was the focus of Darwin’s attention on William and Anne, …
… of logical thought and language. On 20 May 1854, Darwin again took over the notebook and, …
… all the notes until July 1856, when the observations ceased. Darwin’s later entries, like Emma’s, …
… Transcription: 1 [9] W. Erasmus. Darwin born. Dec. 27 th . 1839.—[10] During first week. …
… ought to do what a child says to a maid.[70] 46 Horace [71] 2½. G. When shall you wean …
… But Papa you ought to forgive me if I do. 46v. Horace seeing one of the huntsman not in a …
… P. Yes. Well I will then. Lenny trying to amuse Horace (crying Baby I said I”d got a bit of …
… ”.[76] June 6— 1854. Lenny after quarrelling with Horace , “I feel that I shall never play …
… (ie liquorice) 49v. July 25 th[77] /54/ Horace struck Lenny with a rake & Lenny …
… “I bets that is a rum thing”, the bet being offered to Horace Lenny. When ill with Fever &amp …
… if you won’t, you must.”— 50bv. [80] Horace 3 yrs old walking with Bessy in London saw a …
… you the nature of these sort of persons (meaning himself & Horace who were making a horrid mess) …
… written in pencil by CD and subsequently overwritten by Emma Darwin. The transcription throughout …
… and family memoirs and reminiscences. [61] Leonard Darwin, born 1850. [62] Francis …
… of her childhood, Henrietta Litchfield remembered Leonard Darwin saying this to their maid Jane and …
… CUL). [71] Horace Darwin, born 1851. [72] Leonard Darwin’s nickname. [73] Miss …

Darwin in letters, 1869: Forward on all fronts

Summary

At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of Origin. He may have resented the interruption to his work on sexual selection and human evolution, but he spent forty-six days on the task. Much of the…

Matches: 26 hits

… At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of …
… appeared at the end of 1866 and had told his cousin William Darwin Fox, ‘My work will have to stop a …
… material on emotional expression. Yet the scope of Darwin’s interests remained extremely broad, and …
… plants, and earthworms, subjects that had exercised Darwin for decades, and that would continue to …
… Carl von Nägeli and perfectibility Darwin’s most substantial addition to Origin was a …
… a Swiss botanist and professor at Munich (Nägeli 1865). Darwin had considered Nägeli’s paper …
… principal engine of change in the development of species. Darwin correctly assessed Nägeli’s theory …
… in most morphological features (Nägeli 1865, p. 29). Darwin sent a manuscript of his response (now …
… are & must be morphological’. The comment highlights Darwin’s apparent confusion about Nägeli’s …
… ‘purely morphological’. The modern reader may well share Darwin’s uncertainty, but Nägeli evidently …
… pp. 28–9). In further letters, Hooker tried to provide Darwin with botanical examples he could use …
… problems of heredity Another important criticism that Darwin sought to address in the fifth …
… prevailing theory of blending inheritance that Jenkin and Darwin both shared, would tend to be lost …
… ( Origin 5th ed., pp. 103–4). The terminology that Darwin and others employed in these matters ( …
… ‘I must have expressed myself atrociously’, Darwin wrote to Alfred Russel Wallace on 2 February , …
… of Origin was the result of correspondence between Darwin and the geologist James Croll. In the …
… but it was his theory of alternate ice ages that piqued Darwin’s interest the most. He wrote, ‘this …
… ( letter to James Croll, 31 January [1869] ). Darwin had argued ( Origin , pp. 377–8) that plant …
… would always exist. In Origin 5th ed., pp. 450–61, Darwin accounted for the survival of tropical …
… James Croll, 31 January [1869] ). Croll could not supply Darwin with an estimate of the age of the …
… ( letter from James Croll, 4 February 1869 ). Darwin did not directly challenge Thomson’s …
… 19 March [1869] ). Towards Descent Once Darwin had completed revisions of the …
… and overseas. The dog-breeder George Cupples worked hard on Darwin’s behalf, sending a steady stream …
… sexes in sheep, cattle, horses, and dogs, and circulating Darwin’s queries to various contacts. As …
… causing difficulties. The entomologist Frederick Smith, whom Darwin had asked to study the musical …
… grandfather, Erasmus, to two of Darwin’s sons (George and Leonard ), who had recently excelled in …

Darwin in letters, 1868: Studying sex

Summary

The quantity of Darwin’s correspondence increased dramatically in 1868 due largely to his ever-widening research on human evolution and sexual selection.Darwin’s theory of sexual selection as applied to human descent led him to investigate aspects of the…

Matches: 26 hits

… On 6 March 1868, Darwin wrote to the entomologist and accountant John Jenner Weir, ‘If any …
… he ought to do what I am doing pester them with letters.’ Darwin was certainly true to his word. The …
… and sexual selection. In Origin , pp. 87–90, Darwin had briefly introduced the concept of …
… process. In a letter to Alfred Russel Wallace in 1864, Darwin claimed that sexual selection was ‘the …
… 12, letter to A. R. Wallace, 28 [May 1864] ). Darwin’s theory of sexual selection as …
… to the stridulation of crickets. At the same time, Darwin continued to collect material on …
… his immediate circle of friends and relations. In July 1868 Darwin was still anticipating that his …
… which was devoted to sexual selection in the animal kingdom. Darwin described his thirst for …
… in January 1868. A final delay caused by the indexing gave Darwin much vexation. ‘My book is …
… 1867 and had expected to complete it in a fortnight. But at Darwin’s request, he modified his …
… the text. This increased the amount of work substantially. Darwin asked Murray to intervene, …
… … though it would be a great loss to the Book’. But Darwin’s angry letter to Murray crossed one from …
… blank’ ( letter from W. S. Dallas, 8 January 1868 ). Darwin sympathised, replying on 14 January …
… as stone, if it were not quite mollified by your note’. Darwin enclosed a cheque to Dallas for £55 …
… and descent in the Fortnightly Review , and asked Darwin for comments. Darwin was clearly …
… ‘fast passing away’ that sparked the most discussion. Darwin wrote to Hooker on 23 February , …
… authorship. John Murray thought it was by Gray himself, but Darwin corrected him: ‘D r Gray would …
… of Science, Robertson published a rejoinder, arousing Darwin’s ire still further: ‘he is a scamp …
… all sorts of subjects In writing Variation , Darwin had been careful to acknowledge …
… great influx of unsolicited letters from persons unknown to Darwin, offering additional facts that …
… 1868 . The letter was addressed to ‘the Rev d C. Darwin M.d’; Binstead evidently assumed Darwin …
… in the world’ (from ?, 6 April 1868). On 21 May , Darwin complained to Hooker, ‘I am bothered …
… an outpouring of details and untoward examples even from Darwin’s inner circle of expert naturalists …
… by flexing. On 5 April , Edward Blyth, who had supplied Darwin with a wealth of information on …
… ( letter from Alfred Newton, 29 January 1868 ). Leonard also excelled in highly competitive …
… at Leonards success’, Darwin wrote to his youngest son, Horace , on 26 July , ‘is it not splendid? …

Darwin's 1874 letters go online

Summary

The full transcripts and footnotes of over 600 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1874 are published online for the first time. You can read about Darwin's life in 1874 through his letters and see a full list of the letters. The 1874 letters…

Matches: 9 hits

… and footnotes of over 600 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1874 are published online for …
… the Catholic zoologist St George Jackson Mivart caused Darwin and his son George. In an …
… licentiousness’. After re-reading what George had written, Darwin wrote: I cannot …
… of [a] lying scoundrel.— ( Letter to G. H. Darwin, 1 August [1874] ) The …
… behaviour in scientific society. Find out more about how Darwin and his family and friends dealt …
… W. D. Fox, 11 May [1874] ) At the age of 65, Darwin had reflective moments, although his …
… Letter to D. F. Nevill, 18 September [1874] ) Darwin’s family continued to prosper. His …
… career, married Amy Ruck and came to live in Down village as Darwin’s secretary. I …
… Letter to J. D. Hooker, 30 November [1874] ) Darwin’s continuing loyalty to his friends …

3.3 Maull and Polyblank photo 2

Summary

< Back to Introduction Despite the difficulties that arose in relation to Maull and Polyblank’s first photograph of Darwin, another one was produced, this time showing him in three-quarter view. It was evidently not taken at the same session as the…

Matches: 19 hits

… in relation to Maull and Polyblank’s first photograph of Darwin, another one was produced, this time …
… this second photograph is not precisely dated. An entry in Darwin’s account book for February 1858 …
… be dated to a few years later. It may be the photograph that Darwin was promising to order and post …
… had given him such an ‘atrociously wicked’ expression. Darwin also wrote to Asa Gray in April 1861: …
… commercially produced, not the one taken by his son William Darwin at that time, which he mentions …
… than Maull and Polyblank are known to have been employed by Darwin before the second half of the …
… It must have been available before April or May 1862, when Darwin’s brother Erasmus solicited some …
… hand, that of ‘J.D.’), ‘Photograph of Charles Darwin taken about the time of the publication of the …
… in late November 1859. In his letter of spring 1862, Darwin’s brother Erasmus sought Charles’s …
… and Polyblank, rather than just a supply of prints to the Darwin family for presentation to selected …
… to volume 1 of The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin (1887), edited by Francis Darwin (with a …
… in Annals of Botany in 1899, to illustrate an article on Darwin’s botanical work by Francis …
… of 1903. It was also, alas, one of the portrayals of Darwin ‘Exhibited by William E. and Leonard …
… the fact that it was one of the very few images that showed Darwin as he looked at the time of the …
… by many readers and publishers. Ernst Haeckel, writing to Darwin in January 1866, thought it was …
… he much preferred the little photograph taken by Darwin’s son William. Darwin in reply confirmed …
… publisher Schweizerbart also demanded a better photograph of Darwin for the third German edition of …
… These shortcomings also explain why, as early as 1861-2, Darwin decided to go literally and …
… ‘List of Exhibits . . . Exhibited by William E. and Leonard Darwin’, First International Eugenics …

Fake Darwin: myths and misconceptions

Summary

Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, with full debunking below...

Matches: 1 hits

… Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive …

Family life

Summary

From the long letters exchanged with his sisters during the Beagle voyage, through correspondence about his marriage to his cousin, Emma Wedgwood, the births—and deaths—of their children, to the contributions of his sons and daughters to his scientific…

Matches: 1 hits

… of his sons and daughters to his scientific work, Darwin’s letters show how important his family …

Darwin in letters, 1876: In the midst of life

Summary

1876 was the year in which the Darwins became grandparents for the first time. And tragically lost their daughter-in-law, Amy, who died just days after her son's birth. All the letters from 1876 are now published in volume 24 of The Correspondence…

Matches: 25 hits

… The year 1876 started out sedately enough with Darwin working on the first draft of his book on the …
… games. ‘I have won, hurrah, hurrah, 2795 games’, Darwin boasted; ‘my wife … poor creature, has won …
… regarding the ailments that were so much a feature of Darwin family life. But the calm was not to …
… four days later. ‘I cannot bear to think of the future’, Darwin confessed to William on 11 …
… once, the labour of checking proofs proved a blessing, as Darwin sought solace for the loss of his …
… and his baby son Bernard now part of the household, and Darwin recasting his work on dimorphic and …
… had involved much time and effort the previous year, and Darwin clearly wanted to focus his …
… When Smith, Elder and Company proposed reissuing two of Darwin’s three volumes of the geology of …
… single-volume edition titled Geological observations , Darwin resisted making any revisions at …
… volume, Coral reefs , already in its second edition. Darwin was nevertheless ‘firmly resolved not …
… meticulous correction of errors in the German editions made Darwin less anxious about correcting the …
… to Carus. ( Letter to J. V. Carus, 24 April 1876. ) Darwin focused instead on the second …
… concentrated on the ‘means of crossing’, was seen by Darwin as the companion to Cross and self …
… return to old work than part of the future work outlined by Darwin in his ‘little Autobiography’ ( …
… holiday after finishing Cross and self fertilisation , Darwin took up the suggestion made by a …
… for his family only. Writing for an hour every afternoon, Darwin finished his account on 3 August …
… dimittis.”’ (‘Recollections’, pp. 418–19). Darwin remained firm in his resolution to …
… ever return to the consideration of man.’ In particular, Darwin seemed eager to avoid issues that …
… wrote with the good news that he could restore Darwin to a religious life. This transformation would …
… for the real machine.’ It was the mechanically minded Horace , however, who was the first to type a …
… it is. ’ After describing how you ‘ play on keys ’, Horace pointed out that in less than a day he …
… to present it to the Royal Society. He was pleased that Horace was off to Birmingham to lecture to …
… Just four days later, Darwin had the hard task of telling Leonard that Amy, after seeming to recover …
… not by hiding the pain of the situation, but by reminding Leonard of how much his friendship had …
… & a Prof. Romer came to lunch’, Emma Darwin reported to Leonard Darwin on 29 September (DAR 239 …

Darwin in letters, 1875: Pulling strings

Summary

‘I am getting sick of insectivorous plants’, Darwin confessed in January 1875. He had worked on the subject intermittently since 1859, and had been steadily engaged on a book manuscript for nine months; January also saw the conclusion of a bitter dispute…

Matches: 26 hits

… Editions Plants always held an important place in Darwin’s theorising about species, and …
… his periods of severe illness. Yet on 15 January 1875 , Darwin confessed to his close friend …
… way to continuous writing and revision, activities that Darwin found less gratifying: ‘I am slaving …
… bad.’ The process was compounded by the fact that Darwin was also revising another manuscript …
… coloured stamens.’ At intervals during the year, Darwin was diverted from the onerous task of …
… zoologist St George Jackson Mivart. In April and early May, Darwin was occupied with a heated …
… chapter of the controversy involved a slanderous attack upon Darwin’s son George, in an anonymous …
… on 12 January , breaking off all future communication. Darwin had been supported during the affair …
… Society of London, and a secretary of the Linnean Society, Darwin’s friends had to find ways of …
… pp. 16–17). ‘How grandly you have defended me’, Darwin wrote on 6 January , ‘You have also …
… in public. ‘Without cutting him direct’, he advised Darwin on 7 January , ‘I should avoid him, …
… & again’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 16 January 1875 ). Darwin had also considered taking up …
… , ‘I feel now like a pure forgiving Christian!’ Darwin’s ire was not fully spent, however, …
… in the same Quarterly article that attacked George. Darwin raised the matter at the end of the …
… to rest, another controversy was brewing. In December 1874, Darwin had been asked to sign a memorial …
… Hensleigh and Frances Wedgwood. She had corresponded with Darwin about the evolution of the moral …
… could not sign the paper sent me by Miss Cobbe.’ Darwin found Cobbe’s memorial inflammatory …
… memorial had been read in the House of Lords (see ' Darwin and vivisection '). …
… medical educators, and other interested parties. Darwin was summoned to testify on 3 November. It …
… ( Report of the Royal Commission on vivisection , p. 183). Darwin learned of Klein’s testimony …
… agree to any law, which should send him to the treadmill.’ Darwin had become acquainted with Klein …
… am astounded & disgusted at what you say about Klein,’ Darwin replied to Huxley on 1 November …
… the man.’ Poisons, plants, and print-runs Darwin’s keen interest in the progress of …
… of seeds, using an instrument designed by his brother Horace , who was doing an apprenticeship at an …
… by the device, remarking to Hooker on 13 October : ‘Horace has made a hygrometer with a bit of …
… was great’, Henrietta Emma Litchfield wrote to her brother Leonard on 14 September, ‘& special …

Darwin in letters, 1865: Delays and disappointments

Summary

The year was marked by three deaths of personal significance to Darwin: Hugh Falconer, a friend and supporter; Robert FitzRoy, captain of the Beagle; and William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and father of Darwin’s friend…

Matches: 15 hits

… In 1865, the chief work on Charles Darwin’s mind was the writing of The variation of animals and …
… letters on climbing plants to make another paper. Darwin also submitted a manuscript of his …
… protégé, John Scott, who was now working in India. Darwin’s transmutation theory continued to …
… Argyll, appeared in the religious weekly, Good Words . Darwin received news of an exchange of …
… Butler, and, according to Butler, the bishop of Wellington. Darwin’s theory was discussed at an …
… in the Gardeners’ Chronicle . At the end of the year, Darwin was elected an honorary member of …
… year was marked by three deaths of personal significance to Darwin: Hugh Falconer, a friend of …
… in August. There was also a serious dispute between two of Darwin’s friends, John Lubbock and …
… jolly’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 7 January [1865] ). Darwin was ready to submit his paper on …
… a sudden illness. Falconer was 56, almost the same age as Darwin himself. Falconer had seconded …
… supported his candidacy, and had tried hard to persuade Darwin to accept the award in person (see …
… the award ( see letter from Hugh Falconer to Erasmus Alvey Darwin, 3 January 1865 ). Erasmus …
… Sic transit gloria mundi, with a vengeance Darwin’s response to the news of Falconer’s …
… he wrote to Hooker that all the family were well, including Horace , who had been sickly for some …
… letter from Edward Cresy, 10 September 1865 ). Francis and Leonard were still at school in Clapham, …

The Lyell–Lubbock dispute

Summary

In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…

Matches: 25 hits

… of whom took immediate action to mediate a solution. Charles Darwin had close ties with both men and …
… In the concluding paragraphs of Origin , Darwin had predicted that a ‘revolution in natural …
… Thomas Henry Huxley, Busk, and several other supporters of Darwin in editing the Natural History …
… aspects of the book. Throughout the first half of 1863, Darwin discussed the book in correspondence …
… spoke out publicly about any controversial aspect. Darwin’s chief complaint about the book …
… he thought about ‘the derivation of Species’. 8 Darwin continued to feel aggrieved about …
… to the Athenæum . 9 In the same letter, Darwin touched on an area of public …
… accusation, which had just appeared in the Athenæum . Darwin had not advised Falconer personally, …
… 11 In the same review Lubbock expressed publicly what Darwin had said privately; that is, that …
… given that ‘the whole tenor of his argument’ supported Darwin’s theory ([Lubbock] 1863b, p. 213). …
… of all three letters to a number of friends, including Darwin. 22 Just before he …
… who had also been sent copies of the letters, wrote to Darwin to ask what he thought of the affair ( …
… as ‘rude & insulting’ and, in part, hardly intelligible. Darwin responded that, while he thought …
… on the topic of the dispute has been found, but Lyell sent Darwin the corrected proofs of the …
… ‘Textual changes made to C. Lyell 1863c’). By this time, Darwin clearly wished to avoid direct …
… for an opinion ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 13 July 1865 ), Darwin wrote back ( letter to J. D. …
… everything in world— Another indication of Darwin’s wish to avoid involvement is the …
… and, as mentioned above, discussed the matter in person with Darwin. Lyell wrote to Darwin, Hooker, …
… severe an attack on Sir Charles Lyell’. 32 Darwin’s analysis of the situation was …
… relating to the appearance of C. Lyell 1863a, see Darwin's Life in Letters, 1863 , …
… [31 May 1865] and n. 1. 23. Letter from Emma Darwin to Henrietta Emma Darwin, [1 June …
… Correspondence : The correspondence of Charles Darwin. Edited by Frederick Burkhardt et al. …
… of Natural History 13: 105–21. Hutchinson, Horace Gordon. 1914. Life of Sir John Lubbock, …
… and London: University of Chicago Press. Wilson, Leonard Gilchrist. 1996a. Brixham Cave and …
… Archives of Natural History 23: 79–97. Wilson, Leonard Gilchrist. 2002. A scientific libel: …

Darwin Correspondence Project

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