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Darwin Correspondence Project

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To W. E. Darwin   4 February [1881]

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Summary

Discusses earthworms and their ability to perceive narrowest points of leaves to draw them into their burrows.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  4 Feb [1881]
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 174
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13036

Matches: 2 hits

  • … letter to W. E. Darwin, 31 January [1881] ). Francis Darwin had evidently collected leaves …
  • Francis. 1916. Memoir of Sir George Darwin. In Scientific papers , by George Howard Darwin. Vol. 5. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Earthworms : The formation of vegetable mould through the action of worms: with observations on their habits. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1881. …

To W. E. Darwin   8 February [1881]

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Summary

Thanks WED for sending leaves and making observations on how earthworms drag them into their burrows.

Doubts justice of fierce review against J. Geikie’s book [Prehistoric Europe (1881)] in Nature [by W. B. Dawkins, 23 (1881): 309–10], but if reindeer and hippopotamus have really been found in close contact in same bed – "it tells horribly against interglacial periods".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  8 Feb [1881]
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 176
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13042

Matches: 1 hit

  • … W.  E.  Darwin, 6 February 1881 and n. 1. Francis Darwin may have been deciding how to …

To W. E. Darwin   18 June 1880

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Summary

Wants WED to collect some worm-castings from Beaulieu Abbey.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  18 June 1880
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 160
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12639

Matches: 2 hits

  • 1881. Movement in plants : The power of movement in plants. By Charles Darwin. Assisted by Francis
  • Francis Darwin, [10 June 1877] . William’s notes on furrows on a slope at Beaulieu, made in January 1872, are in DAR 63: 77–8. CD’s notes on the concretions in castings from Beaulieu, dated 20 January 1881, …

To W. E. Darwin   19 February [1881]

Summary

Uncle Erasmus is ill.

Thanks WED for his trouble about the cottages.

He has signed the note to Higgins.

CD has used WED’s Rhododendron case in Earthworms [p. 69].

Is using paper triangles in experiments on intelligence of worms.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  19 Feb [1881]
Classmark:  Houghton Library, Harvard University (Autograph File, D)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13058

Matches: 1 hit

  • 1881 (DAR 219.9: 258)). She probably left on 22 February. Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242) records that Shaen stayed for five days, but the entries appear to be made one week out and incorrectly give the days as 10 to 15 February; Emma also incorrectly recorded that Francis

To W. E. Darwin   30 November [1880]

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Summary

Asks whether WED can collect some worm-castings from Beaulieu Abbey.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  30 Nov [1880]
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 163
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12876

Matches: 1 hit

  • 1881. Movement in plants : The power of movement in plants. By Charles Darwin. Assisted by Francis

To W. E. Darwin   23 [November 1880]

Summary

Asks WED to observe whether worms consistently draw acacia leaves into their burrows with a particular end first.

Will soon know whether he will need worm-castings from Beaulieu.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  23 [Nov 1880]
Classmark:  DAR 153: 137
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12848

Matches: 1 hit

  • 1881. Movement in plants : The power of movement in plants. By Charles Darwin. Assisted by Francis

To W. E. Darwin   14 January [1881]

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Discusses earthworm activity

and animal grazing on slopes.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  14 Jan [1881]
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 171
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13013

Matches: 1 hit

  • 1881] . CD was trying to determine whether worms had played a role in the formation of horizontal ledges on steep grassy slopes; a common explanation for these ledges was grazing animals (see Earthworms , pp. 278–83). George Howard Darwin and Francis

To the Darwin children   3 January 1881

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About the distribution of [surplus income] funds among the children.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin; Francis Darwin; George Howard Darwin; Horace Darwin; Leonard Darwin; William Erasmus Darwin; Henrietta Emma Darwin; Henrietta Emma Litchfield
Date:  3 Jan 1881
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 169
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-12972

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Robert Darwin Down 3 Jan 1881 Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin Francis Darwin George Howard …

To the Darwin children   20 December 1881

Summary

Has promised to pay Hooker about £250 annually "for the formation of a perfect MS catalogue of all known plants [Index Kewensis]".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin; Francis Darwin; George Howard Darwin; Horace Darwin; Leonard Darwin; William Erasmus Darwin; Henrietta Emma Darwin; Henrietta Emma Litchfield
Date:  20 Dec 1881
Classmark:  DAR (CD library—Index Kewensis tom. 1)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13570

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Darwin Down 20 Dec 1881 Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin Francis Darwin George Howard …

To the Darwin children   16 September 1881

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A circular letter on the distribution of his money at death and the division ofErasmus’ estate.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin; Francis Darwin; George Howard Darwin; Horace Darwin; Leonard Darwin; William Erasmus Darwin; Henrietta Emma Darwin; Henrietta Emma Litchfield
Date:  16 Sept 1881
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 183
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13340

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Darwin Down 16 Sept 1881 Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin Francis Darwin George Howard …
  • Francis Wedgwood , and his three surviving daughters, Emma Darwin , Elizabeth Wedgwood , and Charlotte Langton . Mr Norman was probably George Warde Norman . Catherine Langton (née Darwin), in her will, dated 9 January 1866, left her dividends to her husband, Charles Langton , and asked that the remainder of her property be sold in order to pay for bequests to her family, friends, and servants. William Erasmus Darwin . Erasmus Alvey Darwin , who died on 26 August 1881, …

To the Darwin children   8 January 1882

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Advises his children as to how some money will be distributed among them.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Elizabeth (Bessy, Lizzy) Darwin; Francis Darwin; George Howard Darwin; Horace Darwin; Leonard Darwin; William Erasmus Darwin; Henrietta Emma Darwin; Henrietta Emma Litchfield
Date:  8 Jan 1882
Classmark:  DAR 185: 60
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13603

Matches: 1 hit

  • 1881 ). He had begun distributing his surplus income to his children in 1880 (see Correspondence vol. 28, letter to the Darwin children, 10 January 1880 ). CD held shares in about ten railway companies (CD’s Investment book (Down House MS)). William Erasmus Darwin , Elizabeth Darwin , George Howard Darwin , Francis