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Natural Science and Femininity

Summary

Discussion Questions|Letters A conflation of masculine intellect and feminine thoughts, habits and feelings, male naturalists like Darwin inhabited an uncertain gendered identity. Working from the private domestic comfort of their homes and exercising…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … discusses the scientific career of botanist and gardener John Scott . Scott is “one of those men …
  • … discusses the scientific career of botanist and gardener John Scott . Differentiating between …
  • … Letter 6044 - Darwin to Darwin, G. H., [24 March 1868] Darwin relays his discussion with …
  • … Letter 6046 - Weir, J. J. to Darwin, [24 March 1868] John Weir describes experiments he …
  • … Letter 6139 - Doubleday, H. to Darwin, [22 April 1868] Doubleday details his experiments …
  • … Letter 6453 - Langton, E. to Wedgwood, S. E., [9 November 1868] Darwin’s nephew, Edmund, …

Darwin in letters, 1862: A multiplicity of experiments

Summary

1862 was a particularly productive year for Darwin. This was not only the case in his published output (two botanical papers and a book on the pollination mechanisms of orchids), but more particularly in the extent and breadth of the botanical experiments…

Matches: 16 hits

  • … of sterility between varieties of  Verbascum . When John Scott, foreman of the propagating …
  • … Darwin, impressed, gave him the commission ( see letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] ). …
  • … to publish on  Linum  ‘at once’ ( letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] ), writing up his …
  • … buy it. When he submitted the manuscript to his publisher, John Murray, he boasted: ‘I can say with …
  • … in the least , whether the Book will sell’ ( letter to John Murray, 9 [February 1862] ). To his …
  • … paper for the  Natural History Review  ( see letter to John Lubbock, 16 [December 1862] ). Aware …
  • … of the old  Beagle  crew, Bartholomew James Sulivan, John Clements Wickham, and Arthur Mellersh, …
  • … of this, he prescribed strict conditions for a meeting with John Lubbock: ‘if you could … let me go …
  • … at 9 o clock I do not think it would hurt me’ ( letter to John Lubbock, 23 October [1862] ). …
  • … on botany. Even at the start of their correspondence he told John Scott: ‘Botany is a new subject to …
  • … odds & ends of botany & you know far more’ ( letter to John Scott, 19 November [1862] ). …
  • … Lyell, 14 October [1862] ). Moreover, when the physicist John Tyndall, fresh from a summer in the …
  • … of Darwin’s circle was in Switzerland in the summer: John Lubbock briefly met up with Tyndall and …
  • … discovered prehistoric lake-dwellings ( see letter from John Lubbock, 23 August 1862 ). Lubbock …
  • … to view the prehistoric sites near Amiens ( see letter from John Lubbock, 15 May 1862 ), and he …
  • … about the antiquity of the human species ( see letter from John Lubbock, 6 January 1862 ). …

Darwin in letters,1866: Survival of the fittest

Summary

The year 1866 began well for Charles Darwin, as his health, after several years of illness, was now considerably improved. In February, Darwin received a request from his publisher, John Murray, for a new edition of  Origin. Darwin got the fourth…

Matches: 12 hits

  • … of scientific admirers at Down, among them Robert Caspary, John Traherne Moggridge, and Ernst …
  • …  ( Variation ). Although it was not published until 1868, all but the concluding chapter of the …
  • … regime led to Darwin’s being teased by his neighbour, John Lubbock, about the prospect of riding to …
  • … with our beagles before the season is over’ ( letter from John Lubbock, 4 August 1866 ). More …
  • … D. Hooker, 24 December [1866] ). When finally published in 1868, it filled two lengthy volumes, …
  • … On 21 February Darwin received notification from John Murray that stocks of the third edition of  …
  • … face at R.S. Soirèe—which I dreamed of 2 nights running. Tyndall came up to me in raptures at seeing …
  • … George Henslow, the son of his Cambridge mentor, John Stevens Henslow, stayed for two days in April …
  • … In June, Darwin was visited by the orchid specialist John Traherne Moggridge, whose work on the self …
  • … out, ‘business would be totally paralysed’. Similarly, John Murray gave as a reason for his decision …
  • … ‘gaieties travelling & War Bulletins’ ( letter from John Murray, 18 July 1866 ). I …
  • … for the criminal prosecution of the colonial governor Edward John Eyre. In his efforts to suppress …

Scientific Networks

Summary

Friendship|Mentors|Class|Gender In its broadest sense, a scientific network is a set of connections between people, places, and things that channel the communication of knowledge, and that substantially determine both its intellectual form and content,…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … Mentors Darwin's close relationship with John Stevens Henslow, the professor of botany …
  • … he mentored. The first is between Darwin and his neighbour, John Lubbock and the second is between …
  • … Letter 1585 — Darwin, C. R. to Lubbock, John, [Sept 1854] Darwin sends Lubbock a beetle he …
  • … Letter 1720 — Darwin, C. R. to Lubbock, John, 19 [July 1855] Darwin congratulates Lubbock on …
  • … Letter 1979 — Darwin, C. R. to Lubbock, John, 27 Oct [1856] Darwin provides detailed …
  • … Letter 5770 — Müller, H. L. H. to Darwin, C. R., Jan [1868] Müller thanks Darwin for his …
  • … expert William Bernard Tegetmeier and the Scottish gardener John Scott, illustrate how the rigid …
  • … him to publish in his journal. The debate about John Scott Letter 3800 — …
  • … Letter 3805 — Darwin, C. R. to Scott, John, 12 Nov [1862] Darwin thanks Scott for bringing …
  • … in the anthers. Letter 4463 — Scott, John to Darwin, C. R., 14 Apr [1864] Scott …
  • … to Gray, Asa, 13 Sept [1864] Darwin sends abstract of John Scott’s paper [see 4332 ] and …

Darwin in letters,1870: Human evolution

Summary

The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the year at work on the Descent of Man & Selection in relation to Sex’.  Descent was the culmination of over three decades of observations and reflections on…

Matches: 7 hits

  • … Darwin reckoned that he had started writing on 4 February 1868, only five days after the publication …
  • … the folded margin. Darwin, who had posed for the sculptor in 1868, an experience he described as …
  • … vol. 16, letter to J. D. Hooker, 26 November [1868] ; this volume, letter to Thomas Woolner, 10 …
  • … the mother and foetus during pregnancy. As a case in point, John Jenner Weir described the offspring …
  • … also discussed recent experiments by Louis Pasteur and John Tyndall that provided evidence for the …
  • … a memorandum. He asked his neighbour, the naturalist John Lubbock, who was now MP for Maidstone, to …
  • … reference to mankind of much importance ’ ( letter to John Lubbock, 17 July 1870 ). The motion to …

Darwin’s Photographic Portraits

Summary

Darwin was a photography enthusiast. This is evident not only in his use of photography for the study of Expression and Emotions in Man and Animal, but can be witnessed in his many photographic portraits and in the extensive portrait correspondence that…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … in various locations around the UK. In the summer of 1868 the  photographer, Julia Margaret Cameron  …
  • …  made by Ernest Edwards. Image: Charles Darwin, 1868, Julia Margaret Cameron, Dar 225:139, …
  • … Image: Charles Darwin on his horse ‘Tommy’, 1868, Leonard Darwin, Dar 225:116, ©Cambridge University …
  • … George Biddle Airy, and friend and close correspondent John Tyndall. Lock and Whitfield seem to have …

Darwin in letters, 1856-1857: the 'Big Book'

Summary

In May 1856, Darwin began writing up his 'species sketch’ in earnest. During this period, his working life was completely dominated by the preparation of his 'Big Book', which was to be called Natural selection. Using letters are the main…

Matches: 4 hits

  • The variation of animals and plants under domestication  (1868) and that it was destroyed or lost
  • acknowledged when told by his neighbour and young protégé John Lubbock that his method of
  • Athenæum Club. Several letters touch on the publication of John Tyndalls theory concerning the
  • phenomenon of cleavage, still unresolved in 1856, with John Phillips and entered into a useful

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 23 hits

  • … The Emigrant, Head [F. B. Head 1846] St. John’s Highlands [C. W. G. Saint John 1846] …
  • … B.M. 6. 6. Black Edin. Longman [Ramsay 1848] St. John’s Nat. Hist. of Sutherlanshire, Murray …
  • … 1851]. Packard. A Guide to the Study of Insects 1868. U. States [Packard 1868–9] (an …
  • … Liebigs Lectures on Chemistry [Liebig 1851]. Sir John Davies. China during the War and Peace …
  • … d . Series. vol 3. p. 1 to 312 30 th  Colquhoun (John) The Moor & the Loch [Colquhoun …
  • … Buffon [Milne-Edwards 1834–40]. March 5 th  St. John’s Highlands [Saint John 1846] 8 …
  • … Tone Autobiography [Tone 1826] very amusing March 10 John Galt Autobiography [Galt 1833] poor …
  • … 1848] Madam Malguet [Torrens] 1848] —— Lives of John & Alex. Belthune [?Bethune 1840 and …
  • … Ireland [Thompson 1849–56]. Vol. I. II & 3 May. St. John’s Tour in Sutherlandshire [Saint …
  • … 171] Pagets Travels in Hungary & Transylvania [John Paget 1839]— account of Dogs like …
  • … Empire [Huc 1855] Feb 16 th  Pagets Hungary [John Paget 1839] —— Bechsteins …
  • … 23] 1858 Life of Montaigne by B. St. John [B. Saint John 1858].— Miss …
  • … in the  Botanist , 5 vols. (1837–41), edited by John Stevens Henslow and B. Maund. 37 …
  • … may have reissued both parts in 1844. 39  John Lindley served as assistant secretary …
  • …  The letter was addressed to Nicholas Aylward Vigors about John Fleming, and the review was by …
  • …  Possibly a mistake for “Mowbray”, the pseudonym of John Lawrence, whose  Treatise on domestic …
  • … this list at the back of the notebook. 84  John Lindley described plant breeding …
  • … with ‘O’ in pencil. 103  Hugh Cuming. John Gould Anthony published  Description of …
  • …   colonies.  London.  119: 23b Abercrombie, John. 1838.  Inquiries concerning the   …
  • … *119: 16v. ——. 1848.  The military life of John Duke of   Marlborough . Edinburgh and …
  • … by Harriet Martineau. London.  128: 3 Audubon, John James Laforest. 1831–9.  …
  • … Emperor of Hindustan, written by himself . Translated by John Leyden and William Erskine. 2 vols. …
  • … 2 vols. London.  119: 5a Packard, Alpheus Spring. 1868–9.  Guide to the study of   …

Darwin in letters, 1877: Flowers and honours

Summary

Ever since the publication of Expression, Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers, his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … and trimorphism that he had written between 1861 and 1868 and presented to the Linnean Society of …
  • … as Daniel Oliver, Friedrich Hildebrand, Fritz Müller, and John Scott who had provided initial …
  • … the full paper. A disgruntled Darwin reported to George John Romanes on 23 May , ‘the Council …
  • … and ignorance in the name of science: ‘I am not John the baptist from the wilderness of locusts and …
  • … me in a considerate and friendly manner.’ He wrote to John Brodie Innes, the former vicar of Down, …
  • … Charles Norton, had stayed at Keston Rectory near Down in 1868 and had visited Down House. Darwin …