From J. D. Hooker 31 October 1871
Summary
Details of the JDH–Ayrton–Gladstone imbroglio.
| Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 31 Oct 1871 |
| Classmark: | DAR 103: 93–5; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Directors’Correspondence vol. 156, Indian Letters, Calcutta Botanic Garden II 1860–1905, ff. 1066–7) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8036 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … Society’s Transactions in 1874 ( Scott 1870 ). CD’s copy is in his collection …
- … unbound journals, Darwin Library–CUL. Scott 1870 contained eighteen plates by Walter Hood …
- … of science and government in England, 1870–1873. In Science and values: patterns of …
- … Society by Thomas Anderson on 17 February 1870, and was eventually published in the …
From J. D. Hooker 20 October 1871
Summary
JDH has no intention of resigning. Thinks W. E. Gladstone would rather see Ayrton turned out than himself. Gladstone knows JDH has friends who would be troublesome. Only moral and political cowardice of Cabinet keeps Ayrton in office.
Lyell is much altered since autumn.
Has CD read Charles Martins’ paper on the glacial origin of the tourbières of the Jura [Arch. Sci. Phys. & Nat. 42 (1871): 286–308]?
John Scott has an admirable series on horticulture in Bengal ["Notes on horticulture in Bengal", J. Agric. & Hortic. Soc. India 2 (1871) pt 1: 241–96; 3 (1872) pt 1: 1–82].
| Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 20 Oct 1871 |
| Classmark: | DAR 103: 87–92 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8024 |
From T. N. Gill 6 October 1871
Summary
Sends some articles on mammals [possibly "On the relations of the orders of mammals", Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci. 19 (1870): 267–70, and "On the characteristics of the primary groups of the class of mammals", ibid. 20 (1871): 284–306].
He is a disciple, convinced of CD’s theory of evolution and of natural selection.
In the U. S. almost all refuse to recognize natural selection.
| Author: | Theodore Nicholas Gill |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 6 Oct 1871 |
| Classmark: | DAR 165: 46 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-7990 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … mammals", Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci. 19 (1870): 267–70, and "On the characteristics of the …
To J. D. Hooker 4 October [1871]
Summary
Sorry to hear of JDH’s troubles;
pleased he thinks so highly of Huxley’s article [see 7977].
Huxley makes CD feel infantile in intellect (as JDH once said of himself). CD is not so good a Christian as JDH thinks, for he did enjoy his revenge on Mivart.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Date: | 4 Oct [1871] |
| Classmark: | DAR 94: 207–8 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-7984 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … Hooker, [2 October 1871] ). In December 1870, Acton Smee Ayrton had offered John Smith , …
From W. D. Fox 2[0–9?] October [1871 or 1873?]
Summary
Fox hopes to see CD in London in November.
| Author: | William Darwin Fox |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 20-9 Oct 187120-9 Oct 1873 |
| Classmark: | DAR 164: 222 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-4639F |
Matches: 1 hit
- … 18, letter from W. D. Fox, 15 February [1870] , and Correspondence vol. 22, letter from W. …
To T. H. Huxley 5 October [1871]
Summary
Hooker admires THH’s review of Mivart [see 7977]. Most impressed by THH’s handling of metaphysics.
Hooker’s problems: family health and A. S. Ayrton [Commissioner of Works].
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Thomas Henry Huxley |
| Date: | 5 Oct [1871] |
| Classmark: | Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 287) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-7987 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … had published a collection of essays in 1870 ( T. H. Huxley 1870a ). His article in the …
From W. Baranoff and Heinrich Koch 27 October 1871
Summary
Correspondents are giving public lectures on Descent. Would like CD to supply a statement of his religious views for inclusion.
| Author: | W. Baranoff; Heinrich Koch |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 27 Oct 1871 |
| Classmark: | DAR 160: 39 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8032 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … Origin , the fourth (Bronn and Carus trans. 1870), was translated from the fifth English …
From J. D. Hooker [2 October 1871]
Summary
On Huxley’s article for Contemporary Review [see 7977] confuting Mivart. It has cheered him,
for he is very low about his mother’s state.
Is also in detestable position with "my lord and master", A. S. Ayrton. JDH has denounced him to the [First] Lord of the Treasury [W. E. Gladstone] for his conduct.
| Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | [2 Oct 1871] |
| Classmark: | DAR 103: 80–2 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-7981 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … of science and government in England, 1870–1873. In Science and values: patterns of …
From Hermann Müller 9 October 1871
Summary
Is preparing a work on fertilisation of flowers, and wants to add a list of works containing observations on cross-fertilisation of plants. Asks CD for any references he may have.
| Author: | Heinrich Ludwig Hermann (Hermann) Müller |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 9 Oct 1871 |
| Classmark: | DAR 171: 297 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-7997 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … French translation of Orchids (Rérolle trans. 1870) and also published in the Annals and …
From T. H. Huxley 10 October 1871
Summary
Answers CD on transitional forms. Has no doubt Zeuglodon is transitional form between Carnivora and Cetacea.
Met Mivart in Manchester. Some doubt that he was the author of Quarterly Review article.
| Author: | Thomas Henry Huxley |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 10 Oct 1871 |
| Classmark: | DAR 166: 326 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8000 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … Society of Manchester, founded in 1870 ( Kargon 1977 , p. 183). Huxley’s article, ‘Mr. …
To J. V. Carus 8 October [1871]
Summary
Glad to hear of new German edition of Origin. He is revising the English edition, adding a new chapter of "Answers".
No new edition of Descent has appeared.
Would be glad to see a new translation of the Journal of researches, which he revised in 1845.
Comments on white colour of sea-birds.
| Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Addressee: | Julius Victor Carus |
| Date: | 8 Oct [1871] |
| Classmark: | Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz (Slg. Darmstaedter LC 1859: Darwin, Charles, Bl. 74–77) |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-7994 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … taken from the latest British edition of 1870 ( Freeman 1977 ). A Swedish translation was …
From Henry Gillman 31 October 1871
Summary
Sends details of his discoveries of relics and bones of the "mound-builders", and Jeffries Wyman’s comments on them.
| Author: | Henry Gillman |
| Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
| Date: | 31 Oct 1871 |
| Classmark: | DAR 165: 48 |
| Letter no: | DCP-LETT-8038 |
Matches: 1 hit
- … two or three inches below the Calyx. In 1870 I found in my garden two instances of the …
| letter | (12) |
| Baranoff, W. | (1) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (3) |
| Fox, W. D. | (1) |
| Gill, T. N. | (1) |
| Gillman, Henry | (1) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (3) |
| Huxley, T. H. | (1) |
| Koch, Heinrich | (1) |
| Müller, Hermann | (1) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (9) |
| Carus, J. V. | (1) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (1) |
| Huxley, T. H. | (1) |
| Darwin, C. R. | (12) |
| Hooker, J. D. | (4) |
| Huxley, T. H. | (2) |
| Baranoff, W. | (1) |
| Carus, J. V. | (1) |
Darwin in letters,1870: Human evolution
Summary
The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the year at work on the Descent of Man & Selection in relation to Sex’. Descent was the culmination of over three decades of observations and reflections on…
Matches: 29 hits
- … The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The …
- … machine’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 25 December [1870] ). Finishing Descent; …
- … some weeks’ ( letter to Albert Günther, 13 January [1870] ). Darwin was still working hard on …
- … I shall be’ ( letter to H. E. Darwin, [8 February 1870] ). She had previously read proof-sheets …
- … shd. turn parson?’ ( letter to H. E. Darwin, [8 February 1870] ). Henrietta disagreed: ‘Certainly …
- … of man!’ ( letter from H. E. Darwin, [after 8 February 1870] ). Darwin was also encouraged …
- … sense of mankind’ ( letter to F. P. Cobbe, 23 March [1870?] ). Cobbe accused Darwin of smiling in …
- … great philosophy?’ ( letter from F. P. Cobbe, 28 March [1870?] ). Humans as animals: ears …
- … [1868] ; this volume, letter to Thomas Woolner, 10 March [1870] ). Darwin included Woolner’s …
- … findings ( letter from James Crichton-Browne, 15 March 1870 ). Indeed, Darwin noted the same …
- … bane of existence!’ ( letter to William Ogle, 9 November 1870 ). Researching expression: …
- … spirits were white ( letter from W. W. Reade, 9 November 1870 ). Keen for more evidence of …
- … hurting it much?’ ( letter to A. D. Bartlett, 5 January [1870] ). Darwin made a similar request of …
- … not succeed’ ( letter to James Crichton-Browne, 8 June [1870] ). Darwin’s queries were part …
- … of a baby’s brows ( letter from L. C. Wedgwood, [5 May 1870] ). He also wrote to a leading Dutch …
- … on this subject’ ( letter from F. C. Donders, 17 May 1870 ). Human evolution: debates and …
- … more fully in a collection of essays published in April 1870 (Wallace 1870a). Wallace wrote to …
- … naturalist’ (letter to A. R.Wallace, 26 January [1870]). Despite their increasing …
- … in one sense rivals’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, 20 April [1870] ). Darwin alluded here to the …
- … No one but yourself’ ( letter from H. W. Bates, 20 May 1870 ). Darwin very rarely used the …
- … never write reviews’ ( letter to H. W. Bates, [22 May 1870] ). St George Jackson Mivart …
- … to answer objectors’ ( letter to W. H. Flower, 25 March [1870] ). In his letters to Mivart, Darwin …
- … on the Primates’ ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 23 April [1870] ). He also tried to recruit Mivart’s …
- … lump of granite’ ( letter from St G. J. Mivart, 22 April 1870 ). Mivart hinted that his …
- … his “origin” ( letter from St G. J. Mivart, 25 April 1870 ). In his critical essays (later revised …
- … Charles Darwin et ses précurseurs français (Quatrefages 1870), that gave a detailed account, as …
- … many others’ ( letter to Armand de Quatrefages, 28 May [1870] ). Quatrefages had …
- … discord’ ( letter from Armand de Quatrefages, 30 March 1870 ). In proposing Darwin for election, …
- … them’ ( letter from Armand de Quatrefages, 18 July 1870 ). The assertion had been made by Emile …
Darwin’s queries on expression
Summary
When Darwin resumed systematic research on emotions around 1866, he began to collect observations more widely and composed a list of queries on human expression. A number of handwritten copies were sent out in 1867 (see, for example, letter to Fritz Muller…
Matches: 12 hits
- … Brooke, C.A.J. 30 Nov 1870 Sarawak, Borneo …
- … Crichton-Browne, James 15 March 1870 West Riding …
- … Crichton-Browne, James 18 March 1870 Down, Kent, …
- … Donders, F.C. 27 May 1870 Utrecht, Netherlands …
- … Forbes, David 13 June 1870 Portman Square, London W. …
- … Nicol, Patrick 13 May 1870 Sussex Lunatic Asylum, …
- … Reade, Winwood W. [c.8 or 9 Apr 1870] Accra, West …
- … Reade, Winwood W. 4 June 1870 Lagos, Africa …
- … Reade, Winwood W. 3 Sept 1870 Conservative Club, St …
- … Reade, Winwood W. 9 Nov 1870 11 St Mary Abbot's …
- … Weale, J.P.M. [25 May 1870] Bedford, Cape of Good …
- … Weir, J.J. 27 June 1870 Blackheath, London, England …
Women as a scientific audience
Summary
Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…
Matches: 4 hits
- … Letter 7124 - Darwin to Darwin, H. E., [8 February 1870] Darwin seeks Henrietta’s …
- … Letter 7329 - Murray , J. to Darwin, [28 September 1870] Written shortly before …
- … Letter 7331 - Darwin to Murray, J., [29 September 1870] Darwin asks Murray to …
- … Letter 7177 - Cupples, G. to Darwin, [29 April 1870] George Cupples tells Darwin about a …
Francis Darwin
Summary
Known to his family as ‘Frank’, Charles Darwin’s seventh child himself became a distinguished scientist. He was an undergraduate at Trinity College, Cambridge, initially studying mathematics, but then transferring to natural sciences. Francis completed…
Jane Gray
Summary
Jane Loring Gray, the daughter of a Boston lawyer, married the Harvard botanist Asa Gray in 1848 and evidence suggests that she took an active interest in the scientific pursuits of her husband and his friends. Although she is only known to have…
Matches: 1 hits
- … behaviour of her dog (letter from J. L. Gray, 14 February 1870 ), she also passed on information …
Casting about: Darwin on worms
Summary
Earthworms were the subject of a citizen science project to map the distribution of earthworms across Britain (BBC Today programme, 26 May 2014). The general understanding of the role earthworms play in improving soils and providing nutrients for plants to…
Matches: 1 hits
- … on my mind’ ( letter to W. T. Preyer, 17 February [1870 ])) that without earthworms aerating the …
Francis Galton
Summary
Galton was a naturalist, statistician, and evolutionary theorist. He was a second cousin of Darwin’s, having descended from his grandfather, Erasmus. Born in Birmingham in 1822, Galton studied medicine at King’s College, London, and also read mathematics…
Matches: 1 hits
- … more litters & no happy results”, he wrote on 26 April 1870 . In the following year, Galton …
Capturing Darwin’s voice: audio of selected letters
Summary
On a sunny Wednesday in June 2011 in a makeshift recording studio somewhere in Cambridge, we were very pleased to welcome Terry Molloy back to the Darwin Correspondence Project for a special recording session. Terry, known for his portrayal of Davros in Dr…
Matches: 1 hits
- … of Descent (letter to H. E. Darwin, [8 February 1870] ). Audio of more …
Darwin and Gender Projects by Harvard Students
Summary
Working in collaboration with Professor Sarah Richardson and Dr Myrna Perez, Darwin Correspondence Project staff developed a customised set of 'Darwin and Gender' themed resources for a course on Gender, Sex and Evolution first taught at Harvard…
Matches: 1 hits
- … grateful I shall be.”(Letter to Darwin, H. E., [8 Feb 1870] ) Although Miranda acknowledges that …
Cross and self fertilisation
Summary
The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…
Experimenting with emotions
Summary
Darwin’s interest in emotions can be traced as far back as the Beagle voyage. He was fascinated by the sounds and gestures of the peoples of Tierra del Fuego. On his return, he started recording observations in a set of notebooks, later labelled '…
John Lubbock
Summary
John Lubbock was eight years old when the Darwins moved into the neighbouring property of Down House, Down, Kent; the total of one hundred and seventy surviving letters he went on to exchange with Darwin is a large number considering that the two men lived…
Matches: 3 hits
Evolution: Selected Letters of Charles Darwin 1860-1870
Summary
This selection of Charles Darwin’s letters includes correspondence with his friends and scientific colleagues around the world; letters by the critics who tried to stamp out his ideas, and by admirers who helped them to spread. It takes up the story of…
Matches: 1 hits
- … you owe any more … Darwin to his son Francis, 1870. …
Women’s scientific participation
Summary
Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…
3.16 Oscar Rejlander, photos
Summary
< Back to Introduction Darwin’s plans for the illustration of his book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872) led him to the Swedish-born painter and photographer, Oscar Gustaf Rejlander. Rejlander gave Darwin the notes that he had…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Photograph: Authenticity, Science and the Periodical Press, 1870 – 1890 (London and New York: …
Photograph album of Dutch admirers
Summary
Darwin received the photograph album for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from his scientific admirers in the Netherlands. He wrote to the Dutch zoologist Pieter Harting, An account of your countrymen’s generous sympathy in having sent me on my…
Matches: 1 hits
- … & I feel deeply for you. ( Letter to F. C. Donders, 19 May 1870 ) …
Darwin in public and private
Summary
Extracts from Darwin's published works, in particular Descent of man, and selected letters, explore Darwin's views on the operation of sexual selection in humans, and both his publicly and privately expressed views on its practical implications…
Science: A Man’s World?
Summary
Discussion Questions|Letters Darwin's correspondence show that many nineteenth-century women participated in the world of science, be it as experimenters, observers, editors, critics, producers, or consumers. Despite this, much of the…
Darwin on race and gender
Summary
Darwin’s views on race and gender are intertwined, and mingled also with those of class. In Descent of man, he tried to explain the origin of human races, and many of the differences between the sexes, with a single theory: sexual selection. Sexual…
Matches: 1 hits
- … Key letters : Letter to H. E. Darwin, [8 February 1870] Letter from Mary Treat, …
Moral Nature
Summary
In Descent of Man, Darwin argued that human morality had evolved from the social instincts of animals, especially the bonds of sympathy and love. Darwin gathered observations over many decades on animal behavior: the heroic sacrifices of social insects,…
