From J. D. Hooker [15 and] 20 November [1862]
Summary
Sends CD West Ireland soundings.
More detail on his review "a la Lindley" [see 3797].
Bates’s paper ["Contributions to an insect fauna of the Amazon valley", Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 23 (1862): 495–566] is capital.
Andrew Murray’s article plays into CD’s hands through sheer ignorance.
JDH is on Royal Society Council.
Has no recollection of applying natural selection to Polynesians. None but a German would dig out such a passage if it exists [see 3812].
Has caused Tyndall to modify his pseudo-geology.
Has not seen Duke of Argyll’s review [Edinburgh Rev. 116 (1862): 378–97]. [The Duke] did not understand Orchids the least little bit, nor the Origin, when JDH saw him.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 15 and 20 Nov 1862 |
Classmark: | DAR 101: 71–2, 79 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3807 |
Matches: 8 hits
- … to the letter to J. D. Hooker, [10–]12 November [1862] ; the Saturday following that …
- … to J. D. Hooker, 4 November [1862] and [10–]12 November [1862] ). Hooker refers to the …
- … 1862c). See letter to J. D. Hooker, [10–]12 November [1862] . [J. D. Hooker] 1862c, …
- … Variability’. See letter to J. D. Hooker, [10–]12 November [1862] . The second part of …
- … John Tyndall . See letter to J. D. Hooker, [10–]12 November [1862] and n. 23. [G. D. …
- … 1862 . See letter to J. D. Hooker, [10–]12 November [1862] and n. 26, and letter to …
- … 511–12. See letter to J. D. Hooker, [10–]12 November [1862] . Hooker refers to specimens …
- … 1862] . See letter to J. D. Hooker, [10–]12 November [1862] and n. 20. The governess …
To J. D. Hooker [10–]12 November [1862]
Summary
So JDH did write the Gardeners’ Chronicle review [of Orchids]! CD guessed it from the little slap at R. Brown.
Dawson’s lecture has nothing new. Absurd to assume Greenland under water during whole of glacial period. Suggests absence of certain plants in Greenland due to seeds not surviving in sea-water. Suggests an experiment on vitality in sea-water of plants that might be in Greenland. Is more willing to admit a Norway–Greenland land connection than most other cases.
Urges JDH to warn Tyndall on his glacial theory of valleys in Switzerland.
Is working on cultivated plants.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | [10–]12 Nov [1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 115: 169 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3801 |
From J. D. Hooker [21 December 1862]
Summary
"Throttled off" Welwitschia paper at Linnean Society [Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 24 (1863): 1–48].
Has read Tocqueville’s Democracy in America [1835–40] – disagrees with it. Tocqueville says democracy in America is a success. Democracy has persisted because there has been no cause for its overthrow (i.e., no struggle for existence, too much mobility).
Sends J. W. Dawson’s unsatisfactory letter.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [21 Dec 1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 101: 80–2 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3856 |
From J. D. Hooker 7 November 1862
Summary
JDH admits he wrote Gardeners’ Chronicle and Natural History Review articles on orchids [Gard. Chron. (1862): 789–90, 863, 910; Nat. Hist. Rev. n.s. 2 (1862): 371–6].
JDH’s objections to CD’s idea of how Greenland was repopulated. Temperate Greenland has as Arctic a flora as Arctic Greenland – a fact of astounding force. Why should certain Scandinavian species be absent? Migration by sea-currents can no more account for the present distribution in Greenland than can special creation.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 7 Nov 1862 |
Classmark: | DAR 101: 68–9, 73–4 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3797 |
From G. C. Oxenden 27 September [1862]
Summary
Thinks "ozonised fluid" is a pure solution of permanganate of soda. Sends dosage.
Author: | George Chichester Oxenden |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 27 Sept [1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 173.2: 60 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3740 |
To J. D. Hooker 24 [November 1862]
Summary
Sends Asa Gray letter: "nearly as mad as ever in our English eyes".
Bates’s paper is admirable. The act of segregation of varieties into species was never so plainly brought forth.
CD is a little sorry that his present work is leading him to believe rather more in the direct action of physical conditions. Regrets it because it lessens the glory of natural selection and is so confoundedly doubtful.
JDH laid too much stress on importance of crossing with respect to origin of species; but certainly it is important in keeping forms stable.
If only Owen could be excluded from Council of Royal Society Falconer would be good to put in. CD must come down to London to see what he can do.
Falconer’s article in Journal of the Geological Society [18 (1862): 348–69] shows him coming round on permanence of species, but he does not like natural selection.
Sends Lythrum salicaria diagram.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 24 [Nov 1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 115: 173, 279b; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Hooker letters 2: 46 JDH/2/1/2) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3822 |
Matches: 4 hits
- … 1862] , and letter to J. D. Hooker, [10–]12 November [1862] ). The opening sentence ( …
- … also ibid. , letter to J. D. Hooker, [10–]12 November [1862] . CD sent similar diagrams …
- … 15 and] 20 November [1862] and nn. 10 and 12. Richard Owen was elected to the council of …
- … 10, letter to J. D. Hooker, 6 October [1862] , and letter to Asa Gray, 16 October [1862] ). However, he also began to suspect additional differences in the pollen of the mid-styled form, and after making almost 100 crosses in 1862, he was determined to make more in 1863 (see ibid. , letter to J. D. Hooker, 27 [October 1862] and nn. 11 and 12, …
From G. C. Oxenden 17 September [1862]
Summary
Strongly recommends Condy’s "Ozonised Disinfectant" as a cure for scarlet fever.
Author: | George Chichester Oxenden |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 17 Sept [1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 173: 59 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3728 |
From J. D. Hooker 26 November 1862
Summary
Returns Asa Gray letter. Gray has made a great blunder in his criticism of Oliver: he mistakes perpetuation of a variety for "propagation of variation". Confusion between "action of physical causes" and "effects of physical causes". Neither crossing nor natural selection has made so many divergent individuals, but simply variation. "If once you hold that natural selection can create a character your whole doctrine tumbles to the ground." CD’s failure to convey this, and the false doctrine that "like produces like" is at bottom of half the scientific infidelity to CD’s doctrine. There is something to the objection that CD has made a deus ex machina of natural selection since he neglects to dwell on the facts of infinite incessant variations.
Author: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 26 Nov 1862 |
Classmark: | DAR 101: 61–2, 77–8 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3831 |
To J. D. Hooker 3 November [1862]
Summary
Requests reference to Jules Planchon’s monograph on Linum [Lond. J. Bot. 6 (1847): 588–603; 7 (1848): 165–86, 473–501, 507–28].
Sends list of seeds, including Oxalis, Boraginaceae especially Alkanna.
Asa Gray says JDH wrote reviews of Orchids in Gardeners’ Chronicle.
His experiments amuse him after dull day’s work on vegetables and fruit-trees.
Leschenaultia formosa has exterior stigma, thus eminently requiring insect aid, and thus ensuring crossing almost inevitably.
Asks whether Samuel Haughton at Dublin who made important medical discovery could be the same who reviewed Origin so hostilely [in Nat. Hist. Rev. 7 (1860): 23–32]; if so, he can sneer at and abuse CD to his heart’s content.
Asa Gray as rabid as ever [on Civil War].
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | 3 Nov [1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 115: 171 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3793 |
To John Scott 12 November [1862]
Summary
Discusses whether or not "male" Acropera bear fruit. JS’s interpretation of Acropera pollination is ingenious. Pollen-tubes of some cleistogamous flowers germinate in the anthers.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | John Scott |
Date: | 12 Nov [1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 93: B7–10 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3805 |
To J. D. Hooker [21 December 1862]
Summary
Thanks for Begonia and Oxalis.
Keeps obstinate about crossing and could argue till doomsday, but will not bother JDH.
Sees that JDH has finished Welwitschia.
Thinks Huxley’s Working Men’s Lectures excellent.
Has finished Linum paper [Collected papers 2: 93–105],
and abstract of Bates’s paper for Natural History Review,
and has begun to arrange concluding chapters [for Variation]. Is paralysed on how to begin.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | [21 Dec 1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 115: 174 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3871 |
From Henry Holland [c. April 1862]
Summary
Louis Pasteur’s memoir "is a very able and convincing one" ["Mémoire sur les corpuscles organisés qui existent dans l’atmosphère", Ann. Sci. Nat. (Zool.) 3d ser. 16 (1861): 5–98].
Author: | Henry Holland, 1st baronet |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | [c. Apr 1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 166.2: 237 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3490 |
From Daniel Oliver 14 April 1862
Summary
Discusses primrose ovules,
Atlantis paper [Nat. Hist. Rev. (1862): 149–70],
plant migrations;
Corydalis.
Author: | Daniel Oliver |
Addressee: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Date: | 14 Apr 1862 |
Classmark: | DAR 101: 54–5 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3722 |
Matches: 2 hits
- … from Daniel Oliver, 10 April 1862 , and letter to Daniel Oliver, 12 [April 1862] ). Oliver …
- … 12 [April 1862] . Oliver refers to those who, like Louis Agassiz , advocated multiple centres of creation to account for sporadic or disjunct species (see Rehbock 1983 , p. 152, and Browne 1983 , pp. 138–44). Oliver had offered to acquire for CD specimens of Primula farinosa (see letter from Daniel Oliver, 10 …
To W. E. Darwin [10? September 1862]
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | William Erasmus Darwin |
Date: | [10? Sept 1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 210.6: 104 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3704 |
To Daniel Oliver 8 June [1862]
Summary
Describes floral anatomy of a Catasetum sent by DO.
Has gone on from orchids to studying insect agency in Pelargonium.
His doubts on the worth of publishing Orchids.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Daniel Oliver |
Date: | 8 June [1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 261.10: 32 (EH 88206015) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3592 |
To Alphonse de Candolle 17 June [1862]
Summary
Is pleased that AdeC is interested in the Primula case ["Dimorphic condition of Primula", Collected papers 2: 45–63]. Is pursuing analogous experiments on other plants and on seedlings raised from the unions.
CD’s "large work" progresses slowly owing to ill health and his work on Orchids.
CD is not surprised that AdeC is unwilling to admit natural selection – "the subject hardly admits of direct proof or evidence. It will be believed in only by those who think that it connects & partly explains several large classes of facts".
Hopes AdeC will publish on Quercus
and rejoices that he intends to return to the study of geographical distribution. No one can claim to have read AdeC’s truly great work on that subject [Géographie botanique (1855)] with more care than CD.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Alphonse de Candolle |
Date: | 17 June [1862] |
Classmark: | Archives de la famille de Candolle (private collection) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3608 |
To H. W. Bates 15 October [1862]
Summary
Asks for news of HWB and his book.
There has been sickness in CD’s family; one of the boys [and Emma] had scarlet fever.
Has had a letter from Edwin Brown of Burton who is working on classification of Carabi.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Henry Walter Bates |
Date: | 15 Oct [1862] |
Classmark: | Cleveland Health Sciences Library (Robert M. Stecher collection) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3764 |
To J. D. Hooker [18 September 1862]
Summary
Thanks for JDH’s letter [3725].
Has become interested in experimenting on Drosera.
Observations on the ovaria of Cruciferae.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Date: | [18 Sept 1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 115: 160 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3729 |
To Daniel Oliver 15 April [1862]
Summary
Encourages DO to publish his paper and put his name to it. [Paper apparently not published.] Concurs with his views on primordial nature of hermaphroditism.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | Daniel Oliver |
Date: | 15 Apr [1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 261.10: 45 (EH 88206028) |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-4097 |
To John Scott 11 December [1862]
Summary
Criticises style of JS’s fern paper [Edinburgh New Philos. J. 2d ser. 16 (1862): 209–27].
JS’s remark on "the two sexes counteracting variability in the product of the one" is new to CD.
Does the female [fern?] plant always produce female by parthenogenesis?
They seem to work on same subjects; CD has much material on Drosera.
Does not understand JS’s objections to natural selection.
Offers to suggest experiments.
Author: | Charles Robert Darwin |
Addressee: | John Scott |
Date: | 11 Dec [1862] |
Classmark: | DAR 93: B37, B49–52 |
Letter no: | DCP-LETT-3853 |
letter | (60) |
Brent, B. P. | (1) |
Darwin, C. R. | (33) |
Darwin, W. E. | (5) |
E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung | (1) |
Gray, Asa | (2) |
Holland, Henry | (1) |
Hooker, J. D. | (7) |
Huxley, T. H. | (1) |
Jamieson, T. F. | (1) |
Mellersh, Arthur | (1) |
Murray, John (b) | (1) |
Nevill, D. F. | (1) |
Oliver, Daniel | (1) |
Oxenden, G. C. | (2) |
Pritchard, Charles | (1) |
Smith, Andrew | (1) |
Walpole, D. F. | (1) |
Darwin, C. R. | (26) |
Hooker, J. D. | (10) |
Oliver, Daniel | (5) |
Fox, W. D. | (4) |
Gray, Asa | (4) |
Darwin, C. R. | (59) |
Hooker, J. D. | (17) |
Darwin, W. E. | (7) |
Gray, Asa | (6) |
Oliver, Daniel | (6) |