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Darwin in letters, 1868: Studying sex
Summary
The quantity of Darwin’s correspondence increased dramatically in 1868 due largely to his ever-widening research on human evolution and sexual selection.Darwin’s theory of sexual selection as applied to human descent led him to investigate aspects of the…
Matches: 27 hits
- … On 6 March 1868, Darwin wrote to the entomologist and accountant John Jenner Weir, ‘If …
- … The quantity of his correspondence increased dramatically in 1868; the increase was due largely to …
- … and his immediate circle of friends and relations. In July 1868 Darwin was still anticipating that …
- … and not too much’ ( letter to Albert Günther, 15 May [1868] ). My book is horribly …
- … as early as 1865, the two-volume work appeared in January 1868. A final delay caused by the indexing …
- … The index of Variation had been entrusted to William Sweetland Dallas, a naturalist with long …
- … look rather blank’ ( letter from W. S. Dallas, 8 January 1868 ). Darwin sympathised, replying on …
- … fairly nauseated’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 February [1868] ). But such worries were laid to …
- … was clearly impressed by Lewes’s reviews. On 7 August 1868 , he wrote him a lengthy letter from …
- … not behind my back’ ( letter to John Murray, 25 February [1868] ). Wallace commiserated: ‘I am …
- … to the paper’ ( letter from A. R. Wallace, 24 February [1868] ). The review was in fact by John …
- … a veritable ass’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 1 September [1868] ). I am bothered with …
- … Yorkshire, wrote of the colour of duck claws on 17 April 1868 . The letter was addressed to ‘the …
- … Commons than any assembly in the world’ (from ?, 6 April 1868). On 21 May , Darwin complained to …
- … breeder, who apologised in a letter of 11–13 May 1868 for his ‘voluminuous zeal’, and offered …
- … changes in the canary (letters from J. J. Weir, [26] March 1868 and 3 June 1868 ). ‘It was …
- … clear that I have none’ ( letter to J. J. Weir, 30 May [1868] ). Sexual selection …
- … ratios was scanty, and he spent much of the first half of 1868 collecting facts on this question, …
- … provided by the poultry expert and editor of the Field , William Bernhard Tegetmeier, who …
- … may be gained’ ( letter to H. T. Stainton, 21 February [1868] ). From the beginning, Darwin had …
- … males getting wives’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 25 February [1868] ). Yet a number of Darwin’s …
- … the American entomologist Benjamin Dann Walsh on 25 March 1868 . Wallace maintained that males …
- … entomologists ( letter from Roland Trimen, 20 February 1868 , and letter from Robert MacLachlan, …
- … in attracting females. J. J. Weir reported on 14 April 1868 that a bullfinch had piped a German …
- … to Emma Darwin, 9 February [1868] ). Darwin’s eldest son, William, met on occasion with a …
- … to August Weismann, 22 October 1868 ). To the physiologist William Preyer Darwin wrote on 31 …
- … statesmen, poets, and men of science, including Adam Sedgwick, John Stevens Henslow, and William …
Darwin’s introduction to geology
Summary
Darwin collected minerals as a child and was introduced to the science of geology at the University of Edinburgh, but he only became actively interested in the subject as he was completing his degree at Cambridge.
Matches: 4 hits
- … geologist and for the invention of geological hypotheses. Sedgwick gave this enthusiasm direction …
- … ‘I would not give up for any consideration.’ Sedgwick met up with his protégé at the Darwin …
- … 5 and 11 August. Although field notes by both Darwin and Sedgwick have survived, the exact sequence …
- … by historians. On 12 August, Darwin may have accompanied Sedgwick to the island of Anglesey, where …
Darwin in letters, 1858-1859: Origin
Summary
The years 1858 and 1859 were, without doubt, the most momentous of Darwin’s life. From a quiet rural existence filled with steady work on his ‘big book’ on species, he was jolted into action by the arrival of an unexpected letter from Alfred Russel Wallace…
Matches: 12 hits
- … chapter on Instinct very perplexing’, he told his cousin William Darwin Fox, ‘from not knowing what …
- … pigeons, many other people were drawn into his researches. William Bernhard Tegetmeier, founder and …
- … mathematical measurements and geometry, Darwin called upon William Hallowes Miller, Cambridge …
- … voyage; on his brother, Erasmus Alvey Darwin; and his son William. Even his apiarian neighbours were …
- … fowls, Gallus bankiva . Similarly, he asked his son William, as well as a number of foreign …
- … in his two-volume work on Variation published in 1868 but occupies only a few pages in Origin …
- … he felt at the severity of some of the attacks. Adam Sedgwick’s negative response to Origin …
- … 1859 ). Equally painful was the news that John Frederick William Herschel, whom he so venerated, …
- … and Leonard suffered similar symptoms. With his sons William and George, he became an enthusiastic …
- … in the fields around Down. With equal interest, he guided William and Henrietta in their …
- … full of family gossip and fatherly advice now that William was beginning to make his own way in life …
- … and a carriage, leading Darwin to comment ruefully to William that ‘Mamma has got much more larky …
Fake Darwin: myths and misconceptions
Summary
Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, with full debunking below...
Matches: 1 hits
- … Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, …
Diagrams and drawings in letters
Summary
Over 850 illustrations from the printed volumes of The Correspondence of Charles Darwin have been added to the online transcripts of the letters. The contents include maps, diagrams, drawings, sketches and photographs, covering geological, botanical,…
Religion
Summary
Design|Personal Belief|Beauty|The Church Perhaps the most notorious realm of controversy over evolution in Darwin's day was religion. The same can be said of the evolution controversy today; however the nature of the disputes and the manner in…
Matches: 8 hits
- … is a single letter from Darwin to philosopher and economist William Graham on natural laws. …
- … Letter 6167 — Darwin, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 8 May [1868] Darwin writes to Gray about his review …
- … Letter 13230 — Darwin, C. R. to Graham, William, 3 July 1881 Darwin praises Graham’s Creed …
- … 6223 — Horsman, S. J. H. to Darwin, C. R., 2 June [1868] Horsman attempts to convince Darwin …
- … Letter 6241 — Innes, J. B. to Darwin, C. R., 13 June 1868 J. B. Innes, vicar of Down writes …
- … Letter 6486 — Darwin, C. R. to Innes, J. B., 1 Dec 1868 Darwin writes to J. B. Innes, vicar …
- … Letter 6492 — Innes, J. B. to Darwin, C. R., 4 Dec 1868 J. B. Innes, vicar of Down provides …
- … Letter 6501 — Innes, J. B. to Darwin, C. R., 12 Dec 1868 J. B. Innes, vicar of Down is …
Darwin in letters,1870: Human evolution
Summary
The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the year at work on the Descent of Man & Selection in relation to Sex’. Descent was the culmination of over three decades of observations and reflections on…
Matches: 11 hits
- … Darwin reckoned that he had started writing on 4 February 1868, only five days after the publication …
- … the folded margin. Darwin, who had posed for the sculptor in 1868, an experience he described as …
- … vol. 16, letter to J. D. Hooker, 26 November [1868] ; this volume, letter to Thomas Woolner, 10 …
- … Darwin turned to the physician and eye-specialist William Ogle, requesting him to observe the muscle …
- … he complained, ‘is the bane of existence!’ ( letter to William Ogle, 9 November 1870 ). …
- … expression, including four lengthy letters from the explorer William Winwood Reade, who had led an …
- … Darwin commented on Mivart’s essay in a letter to William Henry Flower: ‘I am glad you noticed the …
- … of consanguineous marriages. He enlisted the support of William Farr, a specialist in medical …
- … receive friends and visit family. He confided to his cousin William Darwin Fox, ‘I never pass 6 …
- … at Ightam Mote, in Kent, and nearly a fortnight with his son William in Southampton, and making a …
- … man’. ‘I can most truly say’, he wrote to his cousin William Darwin Fox, ‘that I have written …
Darwin in letters, 1877: Flowers and honours
Summary
Ever since the publication of Expression, Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers, his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the…
Matches: 16 hits
- … his son’s own work on plant sensitivity and digestion. William, who had contributed to some of the …
- … and trimorphism that he had written between 1861 and 1868 and presented to the Linnean Society of …
- … Darwin corresponded most often with the assistant director, William Turner Thiselton-Dyer, who …
- … as rain, wind, temperature, and light. While staying with William in Southampton he made notes on …
- … ‘I got out within 2 minutes of a very heavy shower’, William wrote on 24 August 1877 . ‘The …
- … he had begun in 1839 with the birth of his first child, William. He had used some of this material …
- … attracted immediate attention from other researchers. William Preyer requested a copy and shared …
- … and classical scholars, including the eminent politician William Ewart Gladstone. Darwin wrote to …
- … 14 June 1877 ). Darwin was staying in Southampton with William during the emperor’s visit, and so …
- … , he was criticised for having quoted from an article by William Rathbone Greg on the ‘careless, …
- … C. T. E. Siebold, 10 October 1877 ). An American banker, William Burrows Bowles, having read Ernst …
- … a fossil by a model-maker. The giant’s ‘discoverer’, William Conant, was a colleague of the showman …
- … brought a very happy occasion with the engagement of William to Sara Sedgwick. She was the daughter …
- … Charles Norton, had stayed at Keston Rectory near Down in 1868 and had visited Down House. Darwin …
- … Southampton a dull place, but he did his best to recommend William: ‘his temper is beautifully sweet …
- … ‘I enclose my marriage present’, Darwin wrote to William on 3 October , ‘I fear that Sara will …
Darwin in letters, 1860: Answering critics
Summary
On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s Origin of species, printing off another 3000 copies to satisfy the demands of an audience that surprised both the publisher and the author. It wasn't long, however, before ‘the…
Matches: 6 hits
- … of those whose support he most wanted: Thomas Henry Huxley, William Benjamin Carpenter, and Joseph …
- … track, the only track that leads to physical truth’ (Sedgwick 1860) that most wounded Darwin. Having …
- … to deflect such criticism. ‘I can perfectly understand Sedgwick or any one saying that nat. …
- … several were considered in future editions of Origin . William Henry Harvey wondered, in addition …
- … hear Samuel Wilberforce, the bishop of Oxford, reply to John William Draper’s paper giving a …
- … understood his theory. Somewhat exasperated after reading William Hopkins’s hostile critique of his …
The writing of "Origin"
Summary
From a quiet rural existence at Down in Kent, filled with steady work on his ‘big book’ on the transmutation of species, Darwin was jolted into action in 1858 by the arrival of an unexpected letter (no longer extant) from Alfred Russel Wallace outlining a…
Matches: 7 hits
- … chapter on Instinct very perplexing’, he told his cousin William Darwin Fox, ‘from not knowing what …
- … pigeons, many other people were drawn into his researches. William Bernhard Tegetmeier, founder and …
- … mathematical measurements and geometry, Darwin called upon William Hallowes Miller, Cambridge …
- … voyage; on his brother, Erasmus Alvey Darwin; and his son William. Even his apiarian neighbours were …
- … in his two-volume work on Variation published in 1868 but occupies only a few pages in Origin. His …
- … he felt at the severity of some of the attacks. Adam Sedgwick’s negative response to Origin …
- … 1859 ). Equally painful was the news that John Frederick William Herschel, whom he so venerated, …
Discussion Questions and Essay Questions
Summary
There are a wide range of possibilities for opening discussion and essay writing on Darwin’s correspondence. We have provided a set of sample discussion questions and essay questions, each of which focuses on a particular topic or correspondent in depth.…
Matches: 5 hits
- … Boole (1864), F. E. Abbot (1871-4), John Fordyce (1879), William Graham (1881)] How did Darwin …
- … his family in his research? [Henrietta Darwin (1870-71), William Darwin (1863-4, 1870), George …
- … to his children influenced by their sex? [Henrietta Darwin, William Darwin, George Darwin, W. D. Fox …
- … and earlier), Wallace on the selection of sterility (1868), Wallace on sexual selection (1869-70)] …
- … and human society? [In different human races (David Forbes, 1868, W. Reade, 1870-1) As a product of …
Darwin’s reading notebooks
Summary
In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…
Matches: 27 hits
- … 1851]. Packard. A Guide to the Study of Insects 1868. U. States [Packard 1868–9] (an …
- … 1841]. 2 d . vols. —— 30 th . Smollets William & Mary. & Anne [Smollett 1805].— …
- … ] 12. Sedgwicks Discourse on Study of Univers [Sedgwick 1850] 28 Steenstrup on …
- … [DAR *128: 149] Murray Geograph. Distrib. Price William & Norgate 2” 12” 6 [A. Murray …
- … Hind’s Solar System [Hind 1852] April 20 th William Humboldts letters [K. W. von Humboldt …
- … 7 Probably a reference to the private library of William Jackson Hooker and his son, Joseph …
- … In February 1882, however, after reading the introduction to William Ogle’s translation of Aristotle …
- … Notebooks ). 19 According to the DNB , William Herbert provided notes for both …
- … is presumably the date and number of the part containing William Pulteney Alison’s article which was …
- … from these portfolios is in DAR 205, the letter from William Edward Shuckard to which CD refers has …
- … listing the volumes in the Naturalist’s Library edited by William Jardine, a forty-volume series on …
- … 66 The bibliography provides the titles of the works by William Shakespeare that CD recorded …
- … CD’s collection is a presentation copy from the author to William Jackson Hooker. See …
- … edited by Robert Bentley Todd, was issued in parts. William Pulteney Alison’s article first …
- … crayon and the ‘O’ in pencil. It is not clear which of William Jackson Hooker’s journals is meant …
- … and London. [Other eds.] *119: 15 Alison, William Pulteney. 1847. Instinct. In vol. 3, pp …
- … influence on the progress of civilisation . Edinburgh: William and Robert Chambers. 119: 22a …
- … written by himself . Translated by John Leyden and William Erskine. 2 vols. London. *119: 14 …
- … ed. (1864) in Darwin Library.] *128: 165 Baird, William. 1850. The natural history of …
- … Ray Society. [Darwin Library.] 128: 4 Baly, William and Kirkes, William Senhouse. 1848. …
- … Müller, Elements of physiology . Translated by William Baly. 2 vols. London. 1837.) [Darwin …
- … advanced age . London. 119: 18b Bartram, William. 1791. Travels through North and …
- … and discoveries . Translated from the German by William Johnston. 4 vols. London. [Other eds.] …
- … . 7 pts. Paris. *128: 173; 128: 12 Belsham, William. 1806. History of Great Britain to …
- … and Dublin. [Other eds.] *119: 15 Bernard, William Dallas. 1844. Narrative of the …
- … of comparative anatomy . Translated from the German by William Lawrence. London. [Other eds.] …
- … 2 vols. London. 119: 5a Packard, Alpheus Spring. 1868–9. Guide to the study of …
Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad
Summary
At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…
Matches: 7 hits
- … appearance of an anonymous review in the Athenæum of William Benjamin Carpenter’s book on …
- … Primula crosses, the results of which were published in 1868 ( see letter to John Scott, 25 and …
- … months. However, the two-volume work was not published until 1868. Roping in the family …
- … help in his research throughout the year. His eldest son, William Erasmus Darwin, a banker in …
- … make observations in the field on dimorphic plant species. William was a conscientious observer, as …
- … gravestone in 1863, they wrote to Darwin’s cousin, William Darwin Fox, who had visited the grave …
- … medication and also advised him to consult the physician Dr William Brinton, a stomach specialist at …
