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Darwin in letters, 1874: A turbulent year
Summary
The year 1874 was one of consolidation, reflection, and turmoil for Darwin. He spent the early months working on second editions of Coral reefs and Descent of man; the rest of the year was mostly devoted to further research on insectivorous plants. A…
Matches: 14 hits
- … over an anonymous review that attacked the work of Darwin’s son George dominated the second half of …
- … been the naturalist and traveller Alexander von Humboldt’s 105th birthday, Darwin obliged with a …
- … The death of a Cambridge friend, Albert Way, caused Darwin’s cousin, William Darwin Fox, to …
- … led Darwin to the self-assessment, ‘as for one’s body growing old there is no help for it, & I …
- … The year started for Darwin with a week’s visit to London, staying at his brother Erasmus’s house. …
- … a week ( letter from E. E. Klein, 14 May 1874 ). John Burdon Sanderson sent the results of his …
- … He also did experiments with pepsin ( letter from J. S. Burdon Sanderson, 25 April 1874) , and …
- … with his lecture at the Royal Institution ( letter to J. S. Burdon Sanderson, 21 March 1874 ). …
- … the contraction of Dionaea leaves in Nature (Burdon Sanderson 1874). Hooker also gratefully …
- … an insignificant figure, as a cube of cartilage of 1 / 10 inch is almost beyond their …
- … 1874 ). Darwin immediately sent a donation of £100, and £10 each from his sons George and Francis ( …
- … and sent a copy to Darwin ( letter from G. J. Romanes, 10 July 1874 ). After a second letter from …
- … by Michael Foster. He then studied under John Scott Burdon Sanderson at University College London, …
- … the Beagle) in December ( letter from C.-F. Reinwald , 10 December 1874 ). Samuel Jean Pozzi and …
List of correspondents
Summary
Below is a list of Darwin's correspondents with the number of letters for each one. Click on a name to see the letters Darwin exchanged with that correspondent. "A child of God" (1) Abberley,…
Matches: 10 hits
- … Below is a list of Darwin's correspondents with the number of letters for each one. …
- … (12) Agassiz, Louis (10) Agent for Mr Allen …
- … Arruda Furtado, Francisco d’ (10) Ashburner, Lionel (1) …
- … Bunsen, C. K. J. (1) Burdon Sanderson, J. S. (66) …
- … (1) Covington, Syms (10) Cowper-Temple, W. F. …
- … (9) Errera, L. A. (10) Erskine, H. N. B. …
- … (13) Forbes, Edward (10) Forbes, J. D. …
- … François de Chaumont, F. S. B. (10) Fraser, George (3) …
- … (1) Gosse, P. H. (10) Goubert, E. M. J. M. P. …
- … (1) Harcourt, E. W. V. (10) Hardwicke’s …
Darwin and vivisection
Summary
Darwin played an important role in the controversy over vivisection that broke out in late 1874. Public debate was sparked when the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals brought an unsuccessful prosecution against a French physiologist who…
Matches: 12 hits
- … was sympathetic to the cause, but found some of Cobbe’s rhetoric inflammatory, and he strongly …
- … research on insectivorous plants. Indeed, some of Darwin’s plant experiments, such as applying toxic …
- … Such work had drawn him into close contact with England’s leading physiologists, John Scott Burdon …
- … because it failed to mention anaesthetics. Darwin’s indebtedness and allegiance to …
- … affection for animals and antipathy to cruelty. Darwin’s fondness for animals, especially dogs, is …
- … ‘an English gentleman would not himself give a moment’s unnecessary pain to any living creature, and …
- … Vivisection was a sensitive subject within Darwin’s family. In his letter of 14 January 1875 to …
- … the bill on vivisection, he consulted with Huxley and Burdon Sanderson, with legal experts Godfrey …
- … of Derby. The resulting document went through many stages. Burdon Sanderson first drew up a …
- … [4 April 1875] ). This was evidently passed back to Burdon Sanderson, who drafted a memorial, …
- … already been prepared for the House of Lords (see letter to J. S. Burdon Sanderson, [11 April 1875 …
- … (letter from T. H. Huxley, 19 May 1875 , letter from J. S. Burdon Sanderson, 23 May [1875] ). …
Darwin's in letters, 1873: Animal or vegetable?
Summary
Having laboured for nearly five years on human evolution, sexual selection, and the expression of emotions, Darwin was able to devote 1873 almost exclusively to his beloved plants. He resumed work on the digestive powers of sundews and Venus fly traps, and…
Matches: 16 hits
- … and Cross and self fertilisation (1876). Darwin’s son Francis became increasingly involved in …
- … renouncing plans for a medical career to become his father’s scientific secretary. Darwin had always …
- … The subject was brought closer to home by Francis Galton’s work on inherited talent, which prompted …
- … efforts to alleviate the financial troubles of Anton Dohrn’s Zoological Station at Naples. …
- … properties analogous to those in Drosera . Darwin’s experiments on plant movement and digestion …
- … had co-authored. Darwin contacted two of the Handbook ‘s other contributors, Thomas Lauder …
- … an abstract of his preliminary results on Drosera to Burdon Sanderson, who had performed …
- … , and had specimens delivered to the Brown Institution. Burdon Sanderson used a galvanometer (a …
- … solution to Frankland for analysis. Following Frankland’s advice, he performed his own tests and …
- … enzyme. Cross- and self-fertilisation Darwin’s other main focus of botanical …
- … health, supported the decision on the basis of the family’s collective infirmity: “After all he is a …
- … during lectures, indicating attention. A friend of CD’s daughter Henrietta recollected the …
- … and clash his teeth together: “he would fly at the Empr’s throat like a bulldog” ( letter from L. M …
- … Stephen Bennet Francois de Chaumont, whose daughter’s habit of shoulder shrugging and finger rubbing …
- … Henry Reeks suspected the habit of scratching one’s head when puzzled to be a vestige of the …
- … with natural selection” ( letter from M. D. Conway, 10 September [1873] ). In the village …
Darwin in letters, 1875: Pulling strings
Summary
‘I am getting sick of insectivorous plants’, Darwin confessed in January 1875. He had worked on the subject intermittently since 1859, and had been steadily engaged on a book manuscript for nine months; January also saw the conclusion of a bitter dispute…
Matches: 23 hits
- … Plants always held an important place in Darwin’s theorising about species, and botanical research …
- … the controversy involved a slanderous attack upon Darwin’s son George, in an anonymous review in …
- … V). Darwin remained bitter and dissatisfied with Mivart’s attempts at conciliation, and spent weeks …
- … of London, and a secretary of the Linnean Society, Darwin’s friends had to find ways of coming to …
- … the publisher of the Quarterly Review , in which Mivart’s anonymous essay had appeared. ‘I told …
- … feel now like a pure forgiving Christian!’ Darwin’s ire was not fully spent, however, for he …
- … The vivisection issue was a delicate one within Darwin’s family, and he tried to balance his concern …
- … paper sent me by Miss Cobbe.’ Darwin found Cobbe’s memorial inflammatory and unfair in its …
- … on 12 May, one week after a rival bill based on Cobbe’s memorial had been read in the House of Lords …
- … Emanuel Klein, a German histologist who worked with John Burdon Sanderson at the Brown Animal …
- … on vivisection , p. 183). Darwin learned of Klein’s testimony from Huxley on 30 October 1875 : …
- … medicine in London. Klein had assisted in some of Darwin’s botanical research and had visited Down …
- … vol. 22, letters from E. E. Klein, 14 May 1874 and 10 July 1874 ). ‘I am astounded & …
- … Poisons, plants, and print-runs Darwin’s keen interest in the progress of physiology …
- … of protoplasm. He added the details of Brunton and Fayrer’s experiments to Insectivorous plants , …
- … the process of writing and revising at all satisfying. On 10 February he complained to Hooker : …
- … ). In the event, the book sold well, and Murray’s partner, Robert Cooke, politely scolded …
- … insects were observed in the field, and some of Darwin’s experiments on digestion were then repeated …
- … about the same time. As was the case with some of Darwin’s previous publications, however, the …
- … were finished. An elusive case Darwin’s attention seems to have been largely on …
- … between the men in 1874, and this was enhanced by Romanes’s visit to Down House: ‘The place was one …
- … remain one of the most agreeable and interesting of memory’s pictures.’ Though trained in zoology …
- … objectless & all being vanity of vanities,’ he wrote on 10 February . ‘But this will wear …
2.23 Hope Pinker statue, Oxford Museum
Summary
< Back to Introduction Henry Richard Hope Pinker’s life-size statue of Darwin was installed in the Oxford University Museum on 14 June 1899. It was the latest in a series of statues of great scientific thinkers, the ‘Founders and Improvers of Natural…
Matches: 21 hits
- … Back to Introduction Henry Richard Hope Pinker’s life-size statue of Darwin was installed …
- … central court of this remarkable building. Darwin’s statue was the only one that represented a …
- … this very building that he and Huxley had defended Darwin’s theories from Bishop Wilberforce’s …
- … calm’ and magnanimity. Tylor thought that Hope Pinker’s ‘speaking likeness’ of Darwin’s face would …
- … endowed the chair in zoology, formed the core of Oxford’s entomological collections, to which some …
- … had been added; and Hope himself had been among Darwin’s early coadjutors in entomological study. …
- … among Oxford biologists: he defended and developed Darwin’s theories, and exemplified them through …
- … and the Theory of Natural Selection (1896), to Cassell’s popular ‘Century Science’ series, and …
- … at Oxford, partly funded by the proceeds from Poulton’s book, was a very public affirmation of faith …
- … supporters in Oxford. The Professor of Physiology John Burdon Sanderson wrote to Tylor to suggest, …
- … identified with his name.’ Others suggested that Darwin’s statue should be paired with that of Isaac …
- … Institution was rejected by the Darwin family. Darwin’s son William had been deputed to appraise the …
- … the Natural History Museum statue of Darwin. Hope Pinker’s statue at Oxford is indeed …
- … explains the effect of inexpressive blankness in Darwin’s cape, which contrasts painfully with his …
- … Thomas Fowler, noted at the unveiling of Darwin’s statue, the intellectual breadth of his researches …
- … They believed that investigations of the workings of God’s unitary creation could lead not, as many …
- … particular experiments and researches, Hope Pinker’s Darwin has none, and this presentation of him …
- … Letter from William Darwin to his father Charles Darwin, 10 July [1878], in The Correspondence of …
- … W. Acland (Oxford: Horace Hart, 1894). Edward B. Poulton’s correspondence with William Flower, …
- … Violet, 27 Nov. 1896, in the collection of Wallace’s papers in the Natural History Museum, London, …
- … Box 1, HM 1874–1902. Letter, dated ‘Oxford, Dec. 10’ [c. 1896–1897] from Burdon Sanderson to Tylor, …
Darwin in letters, 1876: In the midst of life
Summary
1876 was the year in which the Darwins became grandparents for the first time. And tragically lost their daughter-in-law, Amy, who died just days after her son's birth. All the letters from 1876 are now published in volume 24 of The Correspondence…
Matches: 19 hits
- … Down House measured by the ongoing tally of his and Emma’s backgammon games. ‘I have won, hurrah, …
- … Lodge with his wife, Amy, had settled in as his father’s botanical assistant, and their close …
- … concussion from a riding accident, and George Darwin’s ill-health grew worse, echoing Darwin’s own …
- … of the next generation of the family, with Francis and Amy’s child expected in September. Their joy …
- … to William on 11 September just hours after Amy’s death. For once, the labour of checking proofs …
- … dimorphic and trimorphic plants in new ways. New Year's resolutions Darwin began …
- … Elder and Company proposed reissuing two of Darwin’s three volumes of the geology of the …
- … not even to look at a single proof ’. Perhaps Carus’s meticulous correction of errors in the German …
- … however, continued to be raised in various ways. On 10 January, Charles O’Shaughnessy , an Irish …
- … in an anonymous article, which impugned not only George’s but also Darwin’s respectability (see …
- … that Mivart still had the capacity to damage George’s reputation. ‘I care little about myself but Mr …
- … the still raw memory of this incident that underlay Darwin’s heartfelt thanks to Wallace for his …
- … Darwin hoped not only to remove any stain on Lankester’s scientific reputation, but also to save the …
- … founded in March 1876 by the London physiologist John Scott Burdon Sanderson to discuss how best to …
- … them to such extent?’ enthused Hermann Hoffmann on 10 January , while on 23 June, Auguste Forel …
- … of plant digestion further, had already reported on 10 January that he had confirmed the ‘more …
- … results in this year’s experiments’ ( letter from G. J. Romanes, [ c . 19 March 1876] ). A less …
- … Caroline home, they had experienced a further calamity. On 10 May, William suffered serious …
- … mentioned his oldest daughter Annie, who died at the age of 10 in 1851, but William, who was 11 …
