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Darwin in letters,1870: Human evolution
Summary
The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the year at work on the Descent of Man & Selection in relation to Sex’. Descent was the culmination of over three decades of observations and reflections on…
Matches: 19 hits
- … The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The …
- … machine’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 25 December [1870] ). Finishing Descent; …
- … some weeks’ ( letter to Albert Günther, 13 January [1870] ). Darwin was still working hard on …
- … I shall be’ ( letter to H. E. Darwin, [8 February 1870] ). She had previously read proof-sheets …
- … shd. turn parson?’ ( letter to H. E. Darwin, [8 February 1870] ). Henrietta disagreed: ‘Certainly …
- … of man!’ ( letter from H. E. Darwin, [after 8 February 1870] ). Darwin was also encouraged …
- … sense of mankind’ ( letter to F. P. Cobbe, 23 March [1870?] ). Cobbe accused Darwin of smiling in …
- … great philosophy?’ ( letter from F. P. Cobbe, 28 March [1870?] ). Humans as animals: ears …
- … make it scream without hurting it much?’ ( letter to A. D. Bartlett, 5 January [1870] ). Darwin …
- … & valuable labours on the Primates’ ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 23 April [1870] ). He also …
- … Ape differs from a lump of granite’ ( letter from St G. J. Mivart, 22 April 1870 ). Mivart …
- … whatever may have been his “origin” ( letter from St G. J. Mivart, 25 April 1870 ). In his …
- … than I could a ball at Buckingham Palace’ ( letter to B. J. Sulivan, 30 June [1870] ). …
- … persons long married grow like each other’ ( letter from J. J. Weir, 17 March 1870 ). …
- … in Bastian’s solutions of the same kind’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 July [1870] ). Bastian’s …
- … on to the last of my uncomfortable days’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 18 February [1870] ). But he had …
- … to be thus killed by a man of 86’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 25 May [1870] ). On learning of this, …
- … do, I know no more than the man in the moon’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 25 May [1870] ). …
- … believe in bad motives in others’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 15 November [1870] ). Fox reassured him, …
Dramatisation script
Summary
Re: Design – Adaptation of the Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Asa Gray and others… by Craig Baxter – as performed 25 March 2007
Matches: 26 hits
- … writings of Asa Gray, Charles Darwin, Joseph Dalton Hooker, Jane Loring Gray Louis Agassiz, Adam …
- … this actor uses the words of Jane Loring Gray, Joseph Dalton Hooker, Hugh Falconer, Louis Agassiz, …
- … of natural selection to his friend, the botanist, Joseph D Hooker GRAY: 3 Charles …
- … year 1839, and copied and communicated to Messrs Lyell and Hooker in 1844, being a part of …
- … DARWIN: 7 January 1844. My dear Hooker. I have been …engaged in a very presumptuous work …
- … the opportunity I enjoyed of making your acquaintance at Hooker’s three years ago; and besides that …
- … sheet of note-paper! DARWIN: 11 My dear Hooker… What a remarkably nice and kind …
- … 22 Hurrah I got yesterday my 41st Grass! Hooker is younger than Darwin and Gray by …
- … species before… DARWIN: 24 My dear Hooker… you cannot imagine how pleased I am …
- … on your bowels of immutability. Darwin passes to Hooker a brace of letters 25 …
- … there is a little rap for you. GRAY: 26 Hooker [is] dreadfully paradoxical to …
- … as well as any man. I send it… Darwin passes to Hooker an envelope of seeds. …
- … and Hawks have often been seen in mid Atlantic. HOOKER: 28 Thanks for your letter …
- … pleased to have. DARWIN: 33 My dear Hooker. Thanks, also, for [your] Photograph, …
- … expression and so by no means does you justice. HOOKER: 34 I believe I have very …
- … beguiled into should ‘rile’ you, as you say it does… Hooker rightly tells me, I have no business to …
- … make a very audacious remark in opposition to what I imagine Hooker has been writing and to your own …
- … to tell you, that before I had ever corresponded with you, Hooker had shown me several of your …
- … – a Scottish paleobotanist and contemporary of Darwin and Hooker – splutters… FALCONER: …
- … I can see that you have already corrupted and half-spoiled Hooker!! DARWIN: Now when I see …
- … out much fuller in my sketch copied in 1844, and read by Hooker some dozen years ago…. I should be …
- … world to come. DARWIN: 56 My dearest Hooker, You will, and so will Mrs Hooker, be …
- … FOUNDATIONS OF FAITH: 1857-1858 In which Gray and Hooker begin to consider the theological …
- … C DARWIN, 18–19 AUGUST 1862 149 C DARWIN TO J. D. HOOKER 26 JULY 1863 150 …
- … A GRAY 25 MAY 1868 182 C DARWIN TO JD HOOKER 1870 183 C DARWIN, …
- … NOV 1865 196 FROM A GRAY 27 FEBRUARY & 1 MARCH 1870 197 A GRAY TO JD …
Women as a scientific audience
Summary
Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…
Matches: 12 hits
- … Letter 2447 - Darwin to Murray, J., [5 April 1859] Darwin sends a manuscript copy of …
- … of style. Letter 2461 - Darwin to Hooker, J. D., [11 May 1859] Darwin …
- … Letter 7124 - Darwin to Darwin, H. E., [8 February 1870] Darwin seeks Henrietta’s …
- … tone and style. Letter 7329 - Murray , J. to Darwin, [28 September 1870] …
- … Letter 7331 - Darwin to Murray, J., [29 September 1870] Darwin asks Murray to …
- … to women. Letter 8611 - Cupples, A. J. to Darwin, E., [8 November 1872] …
- … Letter 7177 - Cupples, G. to Darwin, [29 April 1870] George Cupples tells Darwin about a …
- … - Barnard, A. to Darwin, [30 March 1871] J. S. Henslow’s daughter, Anne, responds to …
- … with her father. Letter 7651 - Wedgwood, F. J. to Darwin, H. E., [1 April 1871] …
- … be suitable. Letter 7411 - Pfeiffer, E. J. to Darwin, [before 26 April 1871] …
- … patience and care. Letter 6110 - Samuelson, J. to Darwin, [10 April 1868] …
- … is a revelation. Letter 9633 - Nevill, D. F. to Darwin, [11 September 1874] …
Darwin in letters,1866: Survival of the fittest
Summary
The year 1866 began well for Charles Darwin, as his health, after several years of illness, was now considerably improved. In February, Darwin received a request from his publisher, John Murray, for a new edition of Origin. Darwin got the fourth…
Matches: 19 hits
- … on publishers, decried on one occasion by Joseph Dalton Hooker as ‘Penny-wise Pound foolish, …
- … Fuller consideration of Darwin’s work was given by Hooker in an evening speech on insular floras at …
- … me any harm—any how I can’t be idle’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 24 August [1866] ). Towards …
- … continued to refine his hypothesis in 1866. He wrote to Hooker on 16 May [1866] , ‘I … am at work …
- … it was too big. ‘You must congratulate me’, he wrote to Hooker, ‘when you hear that I have sent M.S. …
- … Animals & Cult. Plants” to Printers’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 24 December [1866] ). When …
- … of Darwin’s closest scientific friends and correspondents. Hooker’s research on alpine floras, Henry …
- … have survived and appear in this volume), drawing Darwin, Hooker, and the botanist Charles James Fox …
- … bigotted to the last inch, & will not yield’, he wrote to Hooker, who attached greater weight to …
- … more than the belief of a dozen physicists’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [28 February 1866] ). Darwin …
- … ‘Your father … entered at the same time with Dr B. J. who received him with triumph. All his friends …
- … me to worship Bence Jones in future—’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 13 May 1866 ). Darwin himself …
- … then went for ¾ to Zoolog. Garden!!!!!!!!!’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [28 April 1866] ). …
- … tell him the truth how little exertion I can stand. I sh d like very much to see him, though I …
- … original contract between Darwin and the New York publisher D. Appleton and Co. in 1860. …
- … and a revised American edition was not published until 1870. Further botanical research: …
- … & admit how little is known on the subject’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 3 and 4 August [1866] ). …
- … see how differently we look at every thing’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 5 August [1866] ). Yet both …
- … same thing in a different light from you’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 7 August 1866 ). The two …
Cross and self fertilisation
Summary
The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…
Matches: 20 hits
- … depends’ ( From Fritz Müller, 15 June 1869 ). By May 1870, Darwin reported that he was ‘rearing …
- … of English fertile plants’ ( To Fritz Müller, 12 May 1870 ). From a fairly early stage in …
- … his results. In March 1867, he told his close friend Joseph Hooker, ‘The only fact which I have …
- … produced by a cross between two distinct plants’ ( To J. D. Hooker, 17 March [1867] ). He noted …
- … of France where Moggridge lived for part of the year ( To J. T. Moggridge, 1 October [1867] ). …
- … ‘I always supposed until lately that no evil effects w d be visible until after several …
- … flower. ‘How utterly mysterious it is’, he reported to Hooker, ‘that there sh d be some …
- … to impotence when taken from the same plant!’ ( To J. D. Hooker, 21 May [1868] ) Pollen tubes, or …
- … Darwin sent specimens of plants he raised from this seed to Hooker, who named it Abutilon darwinii …
- … a new species, & I am honoured by its name’, Darwin told Hooker, ‘It offers an instance, of …
- … the season it becomes capable of self-fertilisation’ ( To J. D. Hooker, 23 July [1871] ). Darwin …
- … ). When Darwin began writing in February 1873, he asked Hooker for names of families of several …
- … & I have no idea when it will be published’ ( To J. V. Carus, 8 May [1873] ). Hermann Müller …
- … and not on ‘the evil effects of Interbreeding’ ( To J. V. Carus, 2 August [1873] ). In …
- … & Trimorphic plants with new & related matter. ( To J. V. Carus, 19 March [1874] ). A year …
- … ‘I have to add new researches on this subject. ( To J. V. Carus 7 February 1875 ). In fact, …
- … planned to publish his earlier papers in the same book ( To J. V. Carus, 25 December 1875 ). …
- … the 34 crossed plants being still taken as 100.? I sh d . rather like to know what the general …
- … Chronicle , 19 February [1877] ). In contrast, as Hooker told Darwin, ‘Dyer is full of your Cross …
- … it for “Nature”— he gloats over it' ( From J. D. Hooker, 27 January 1877 ). Darwin was …
Darwin in letters, 1869: Forward on all fronts
Summary
At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of Origin. He may have resented the interruption to his work on sexual selection and human evolution, but he spent forty-six days on the task. Much of the…
Matches: 17 hits
- … correcting’ ( Correspondence vol. 16, letter to W. D. Fox, 12 December [1868] ). He may have …
- … he remarked to his best friend, the botanist Joseph Dalton Hooker, ‘If I lived 20 more years, & …
- … Well it is a beginning, & that is something’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [22 January 1869] ). …
- … Darwin sent a manuscript of his response (now missing) to Hooker, remarking: ‘I should be extremely …
- … blunders, as is very likely to be the case’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 13 January 1869 ). Hooker …
- … principle (Nägeli 1865, pp. 28–9). In further letters, Hooker tried to provide Darwin with botanical …
- … retrench that position following criticism from his friend Hooker, by admitting that the survival of …
- … do fairly well, though if I had read you first, perhaps I d have been less deferential towards …
- … males & females, cocks & hens.—’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 13 November [1869] ). Yet …
- … & contempt—almost hatred—’ ( from Asa Gray and J. L. Gray, 8 and 9 May [1869] ). James …
- … by Wallace’s assertions: ‘If you had not told me I d have thought that they had been added by …
- … the basis for a new German edition (Bronn and Carus trans. 1870), prepared by Julius Victor Carus, …
- … own evolutionary views and critical commentary (Royer trans. 1870). Darwin complained to Hooker, …
- … [her] to translate “Domestic Animals”’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 19 November [1869] ). Angered by …
- … of the whole meeting was decidedly Huxley’s answer to D r M c Cann. He literally poured boiling …
- … suggestions to its publisher, Macmillan ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 14 November 1869 ). Darwin …
- … work some hours daily’ ( letter to Anton Dohrn, 4 January 1870 ). Darwin’s health was generally …
Scientific Networks
Summary
Friendship|Mentors|Class|Gender In its broadest sense, a scientific network is a set of connections between people, places, and things that channel the communication of knowledge, and that substantially determine both its intellectual form and content,…
Matches: 10 hits
- … tapping into the networks of others, such as Joseph Dalton Hooker and Asa Gray, who were at leading …
- … of face-to-face contact. His correspondence with Joseph Hooker and Asa Gray illustrates how close …
- … The first is between Darwin and his friend Kew botanist J. D. Hooker. The second is between Darwin …
- … to conclusion that species are not immutable. He admits to Hooker “it is like confessing a murder”. …
- … Letter 1202 — Darwin, C. R. to Hooker, J. D., 6 Oct [1848] Darwin catches up on personal …
- … name to specific name. Letter 1220 — Hooker, J. D. to Darwin, C. R., 3 Feb 1849 In …
- … Letter 1260 — Darwin, C. R. to Hooker, J. D., 12 Oct 1849 Darwin opens by discussing their …
- … lamination of gneiss. Letter 1319 — Hooker, J. D. to Darwin, C. R., 6 & 7 Apr 1850 …
- … Letter 1339 — Darwin, C. R. to Hooker, J. D., 13 June [1850] Darwin writes to Hooker from his …
- … 7124 — Darwin, C. R. to Darwin, H. E., [8 February 1870] Darwin writes to his daughter …
Women’s scientific participation
Summary
Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…
Matches: 18 hits
- … in South Africa. Letter 6736 - Gray, A. & J. L to Darwin, [8 & 9 May 1869] …
- … Letter 7179 - Wedgwood, L. C. to Darwin, [5 May 1870] Darwin’s niece, Lucy, …
- … of wormholes. Letter 8611 - Cupples, A. J. to Darwin, E., [8 November1872] …
- … Darwin’s behalf. Letter 8683 - Roberts, D. to Darwin, [17 December 1872] …
- … little treatise”. Letter 4436 - Darwin to Hooker, J. D., [26-27 March 1864] …
- … and orangs. Letter 5705 - Haast, J. F. J. von to Darwin, [4 December 1867] …
- … in a marble tablet”. Letter 6815 - Scott, J. to Darwin, [2 July 1869] John …
- … Men: Letter 385 - Wedgwood, S. E. & J. to Darwin, [10 November 1837] …
- … at Maer Hall, Staffordshire. Letter 1219 - Hooker, J. D. to Darwin, [3 February …
- … - Henslow, G. to Darwin, [11 November 1865] J. S. Henslow’s son, George, passes on the …
- … Men: Letter 1836 - Berkeley, M. J. to Darwin, [7 March 1856] Clergyman and …
- … The experiments were carried out “at the suggestion of Dr Hooker” and what little he has ascertained …
- … to feed to them. Letter 2069 - Tenant, J. to Darwin, [31 March 1857] James …
- … Women: Letter 2345 - Darwin to Hooker, J. D., [20 October 1858] Darwin …
- … of style. Letter 2461 - Darwin to Hooker, J. D., [11 May 1859] Darwin …
- … Letter 7124 - Darwin to Darwin, H. E., [8 February 1870] Darwin seeks Henrietta’s …
- … Letter 7123 - Darwin to Darwin, H. E., [March 1870] Darwin thanks his daughter, …
- … as such”. Letter 2475 - Darwin to Hooker, J. D., [2 July 1859] Darwin …
Capturing Darwin’s voice: audio of selected letters
Summary
On a sunny Wednesday in June 2011 in a makeshift recording studio somewhere in Cambridge, we were very pleased to welcome Terry Molloy back to the Darwin Correspondence Project for a special recording session. Terry, known for his portrayal of Davros in Dr…
Matches: 1 hits
- … of Descent (letter to H. E. Darwin, [8 February 1870] ). Audio of more …
Darwin's in letters, 1873: Animal or vegetable?
Summary
Having laboured for nearly five years on human evolution, sexual selection, and the expression of emotions, Darwin was able to devote 1873 almost exclusively to his beloved plants. He resumed work on the digestive powers of sundews and Venus fly traps, and…
Matches: 5 hits
- … a specimen of the carnivorous Drosophyllum lusitanicum , Hooker wrote: “Pray work your wicked …
- … at the end of November 1872 and sold quickly. He wrote to Hooker on 12 January [1873] , “Did I …
- … or previously acquired knowledge” (A. R. Wallace 1870, p. 204). Moggridge suggested instead that …
- … ( letter from E. F. Lubbock, [before 7 April 1873] ). Hooker added: “I have beaten my brains to …
- … to worry, however, that he would overwork himself, and so Hooker volunteered to accompany him on a …
Darwin in letters, 1871: An emptying nest
Summary
The year 1871 was an extremely busy and productive one for Darwin, with the publication in February of his long-awaited book on human evolution, Descent of man. The other main preoccupation of the year was the preparation of his manuscript on expression.…
Matches: 7 hits
- … be well abused’, he wrote to his friend Joseph Dalton Hooker on 21 January , ‘for as my son Frank …
- … the proof-sheets, rather than waiting for the bound copies. Hooker suggested one of the reasons …
- … tell heavily against natural selection’, Darwin wrote to Hooker on 21 January . Darwin read the …
- … arrogant, odious beast that ever lived,’ Darwin wrote to Hooker on 16 September . Darwin …
- … laughing. crying grinning pouting &c. &c’, he wrote to Hooker on 21 March . Darwin …
- … activity would have on the elevation of land. In October 1870, two separate square yards of ground …
- … in June, and was married on 31 August. Darwin remarked to Hooker on 23 July , ‘her loss will be …
Fake Darwin: myths and misconceptions
Summary
Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, with full debunking below...
Matches: 1 hits
- … Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, …
Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small
Summary
In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…
Matches: 3 hits
'An Appeal' against animal cruelty
Summary
The four-page pamphlet transcribed below and entitled 'An Appeal', was composed jointly by Emma and Charles Darwin (see letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, [29 September 1863]). The pamphlet, which protested against the cruelty of steel vermin…
Matches: 4 hits
- … Morning Star in 1862 (see Animal World , 1 January 1870, p. 75, 1 February 1872, p. 66). The …
- … of a prize for a humane trap ( Animal World , 1 January 1870, p. 75). The prize was still …
- … England and Wales every night ( Animal World , 1 January 1870, p. 75). Under these circumstances, …
- … Star , 8 December 1862 (see Animal World , 1 January 1870, p. 75). 5 Animal baiting, …
Darwin in letters, 1872: Job done?
Summary
'My career’, Darwin wrote towards the end of 1872, 'is so nearly closed. . . What little more I can do, shall be chiefly new work’, and the tenor of his correspondence throughout the year is one of wistful reminiscence, coupled with a keen eye…
Matches: 21 hits
- … Darwin’s best efforts, set the final price at 7 s. 6 d. ( letter from R. F. Cooke, 12 …
- … as I can make it’, he wrote to the translator ( letter to J. J. Moulinié, 23 September 1872 ). He …
- … by the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian war in July 1870, and was now halted so that the further …
- … anatomist St George Jackson Mivart ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 11 January [1872] ). A …
- … am made to appear’, complained Darwin ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 5 January 1872 ). Piqued, …
- … `fundamental intellectual errors’ ( letter from St G. J. Mivart, 6 January 1872 ). Darwin …
- … to think he felt friendly towards me’ ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 8 January [1872] ). Despite …
- … if only `in another world’ ( letter from St G. J. Mivart, 10 January 1872 ). Darwin, determined …
- … but asked Mivart not to acknowledge it ( letter to St G. J. Mivart, 11 January [1872] ). 'I …
- … selection is somewhat under a cloud’, he wrote to J. E. Taylor on 13 January , and he complained …
- … rather than offended by `that clever book’ ( letter to J. M. Herbert, 21 November 1872 ) and …
- … dispute involving his close friend Joseph Dalton Hooker came to a head. Hooker, director of the …
- … system in the glasshouses had escalated to the point where Hooker applied over Ayrton’s head direct …
- … your enemies be cursed, is my pious frame of mind Hooker’s cause was taken up by his …
- … the independence of science from bureaucratic interference. Hooker had kept Darwin well informed: …
- … was Darwin’s wholeheartedly partisan reply ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 14 May 1872 ). On 13 June, a …
- … to make one turn into an old honest Tory’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 July [1872] ). …
- … own muscles when attending women in labour ( letter from J. T. Rothrock, 25 November 1872 ); …
- … of the microscope led his head to `fail’ ( letter to W. D. Fox, 29 October [1872] ) he had begun …
- … by hearing about Panagæus!’ Darwin wrote ( letter to W. D. Fox, 16 July [1872] ). I …
- … my life which surprised & gratified me more’ ( letter to J. M. Herbert, 21 November 1872 ). …
Discussion Questions and Essay Questions
Summary
There are a wide range of possibilities for opening discussion and essay writing on Darwin’s correspondence. We have provided a set of sample discussion questions and essay questions, each of which focuses on a particular topic or correspondent in depth.…
Matches: 3 hits
- … (1867), Francis Galton on inheritance theory (pangenesis) (1870-1)] How did Darwin involve his …
- … were more technical disagreements carried out in letters? [Hooker on geographic distribution of …
- … [In different human races (David Forbes, 1868, W. Reade, 1870-1) As a product of natural selection, …
Darwin’s study of the Cirripedia
Summary
Darwin’s work on barnacles, conducted between 1846 and 1854, has long posed problems for historians. Coming between his transmutation notebooks and the Origin of species, it has frequently been interpreted as a digression from Darwin’s species work. Yet…
Matches: 4 hits
- … to hermaphrodite cirripedes, for example, Darwin informed Hooker of this interesting discovery and …
- … Toward the end of his study of Balanus , in a letter to Hooker on 25 September [1853] ( …
- … of his theory of evolution can be recognised. Indeed, both Hooker and Huxley believed that the …
- … he gave to the University Museum of Zoology, Cambridge in 1870. Although some of the slides have …
Movement in Plants
Summary
The power of movement in plants, published on 7 November 1880, was the final large botanical work that Darwin wrote. It was the only work in which the assistance of one of his children, Francis Darwin, is mentioned on the title page. The research for this…
Matches: 19 hits
- … combining the works in a single volume ( letter to J. V. Carus, 7 February 1875 ). While …
- … the phenomenon. A few days later, Darwin wrote to Joseph Hooker, ‘ Why are the leaves & fruit …
- … injure the leaves? if indeed this is at all the case ’. Hooker, who had also speculated on the …
- … on Mimosa albida from Kew Gardens, he explained to Hooker, ‘ I have never syringed (with tepid …
- … whether they are coated with a waxy secretion ’. He told Hooker, ‘ I have been looking over my old …
- … 28 July 1877] ). ‘ I do not believe I sh d . have ever have noticed the movement had it not been …
- … night & we have made out a good deal ’, but confiding to Hooker, ‘ We have been working like …
- … movements of leaves ’. He confirmed this view to Hooker, ‘ From what Frank & I have seen, I …
- … he reported some progress in understanding movement, telling Hooker, ‘ I think we have proved …
- … was asked to send any spare seeds he might have. ‘ I sh d . like to see how the embryo breaks …
- … using photography for scientific accuracy ( letter from J. D. Cooper, 13 December 1878 ). The …
- … that the method was ‘ all that I can desire, but as I sh d like to give a very large number of …
- … the self-registering auxanometer, invented by Sachs around 1870, but a version of it was made by …
- … ‘ I am very sorry that Sachs is so sceptical, for I w d . rather convert him than any other half …
- … do not when cauterised bend geotropically & why sh d we say this is owing to injury, when …
- … of his annual family holiday telling his close friend Hooker, ‘ I have been working pretty hard of …
- … ( letter to W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, 20 November 1879 ). Hooker offered to write to Egypt for the …
- … without any nervous system! I think that such facts sh d . be kept in mind, when speculating on …
- … Eduard Koch had already agreed to publish it ( letter from J. V. Carus, 18 September 1880 ). The …
Thomas Henry Huxley
Summary
Dubbed “Darwin’s bulldog” for his combative role in controversies over evolution, Huxley was a leading Victorian zoologist, science popularizer, and education reformer. He was born in Ealing, a small village west of London, in 1825. With only two years of…
