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Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 18 hits

  • At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of  The variation
  • that he wasunwell & must write briefly’ ( letter to John Scott, 31 May [1863] ), and in a
  • of man and his history' The first five months of 1863 contain the bulk of the
  • put it in a letter to J. D. Hooker of 24[–5] February [1863] . When Huxleys book described the
  • anything grander’ ( letter to T. H. Huxley, 26 [February 1863] ). In the same letter, he gave his
  • origins was further increased by the discovery in March 1863 of the Moulin-Quignon jaw, the first
  • bear ( see letter from Jacques Boucher de Perthes, 23 June 1863 ). Although English experts
  • in learned journals and the press during the first half of 1863 focused attention even more closely
  • made himgroan’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 6 March [1863] ). Darwin reiterated in a later letter
  • were himself, Hooker, Huxley, Alfred Russel Wallace, and John Lubbock. Honours abroad
  • of the Royal Society ( see letter from Edward Sabine to John Phillips, 12 November 1863 ). …
  • year with the Hertfordshire nurseryman Thomas Rivers. John Scott Darwin had found a
  • of botanical subjects, the crossing experiments that Scott had begun on the primrose family after
  • correspondence in 1863. Darwin eventually communicated Scotts  Primula  work to the Linnean
  • the results of which were published in 1868 ( see letter to John Scott, 25 and 28 May [1863] ). …
  • hoped would counteract Huxleys criticism ( letter from John Scott, 23 July [1863] ). Darwin
  • Darwin had also encouraged him to write ( see letter to John Scott, 12 April [1863] ). In this
  • that your paper will have permanent value’ ( letter to John Scott, 31 May [1863] ). Scott received

Darwin in letters, 1865: Delays and disappointments

Summary

The year was marked by three deaths of personal significance to Darwin: Hugh Falconer, a friend and supporter; Robert FitzRoy, captain of the Beagle; and William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and father of Darwin’s friend…

Matches: 17 hits

  • on a paper on  Verbascum (mullein) by CDs protégé, John Scott, who was now working in India. …
  • also a serious dispute between two of Darwins friends, John Lubbock and Charles Lyell . These
  • Appendix II). In May, he invited a new doctor, John Chapman, to Down and began a course of Chapmans
  • Variation . In March Darwin wrote to his publisher, John Murray, ‘Of present book I have 7
  • forward, except the last & concluding one’ ( letter to John Murray, 31 March [1865] ). In
  • will be ready for the press in the autumn’ ( letter to John Murray, 4 April [1865] ). In early
  • … ‘I am never idle when I can do anything’ ( letter to John Murray, 2 June [1865] ). It was not
  • questions and suggesting new lines of research. John Scott A similar, though not so
  • effort took place in the beginning of the year when John Scott, a protégé of Darwins whom Darwin
  • his experiments on  Verbascum.  Darwin had suggested to Scott in 1862, when Scott was working at
  • varieties (see  Correspondence  vol. 10, letter to John Scott, 19 November [1862] ). Darwin had
  • 9, letter to J. D. Hooker, 28 September [1861] ). Scott had evidently started his crossing
  • by him as ascientific arithmetician’, found errors in Scotts calculations, and Hooker announced
  • andawfully tedious to read’, though he praised Scottsindustry & ability’ ( letter from J. …
  • would take up the work again when he had time ( letter from John Scott, 21 July 1865 ); at the
  • vol. 11, letter from J. D. Hooker, 10 June 1863 ). However, probably the most enthusiastic
  • that Lyell in his  Antiquity of man , published in 1863, had made unacknowledged use of Lubbocks

Darwin in letters, 1864: Failing health

Summary

On receiving a photograph from Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July 1864: ‘the venerable beard gives the look of your having suffered, and … of having grown older’.  Because of poor health, Because of poor health, Darwin…

Matches: 21 hits

  • the long illness that had plagued him since the spring of 1863. Because of poor health, Darwin
  • from that of the five physicians Darwin had consulted in 1863. In a letter of 26[–7] March [1864] …
  • leaf, and aerial roots. When his health deteriorated in 1863, he found that he could still continue
  • of a paper by another of his orchid correspondents, John Traherne Moggridge, who in June sent him
  • of insect pollinators in 1864 and following years. John Scott again Much of Darwins
  • plight of another of Darwins fellow orchid-experimenters, John Scott. Their correspondence had been
  • of the orchid  Acropera . Darwin communicated one of Scotts papers on the orchid  Oncidium  to
  • a number of topics for him to work on. Darwin encouraged Scott to publish his results independently, …
  • by a steady stream of suggestions and support from Darwin, Scott produced a paper on the Primulaceae
  • are the most troublesome In March, Darwin and Scotts typically technical and detailed
  • five years. Scott felt that his superiors, James McNab and John Hutton Balfour, no longer treated
  • indomitable perseverance, and his knowledge’ ( letter to John Scott, 10 June 1864 ). Hooker met
  • supporton the grounds of science’ ( letter to John Scott, 9 April 1864 ), but Scott declined
  • scientific debate. He had begun taking the journal in April 1863 and was an enthusiastic subscriber. …
  • 1864 ). A notably rambling and long letter arrived from John Beck, a Shrewsbury schoolfellow of
  • by a merciful deity for the use of humankind ( letter from John Beck, 6 October 1864 ). …
  • his brother Erasmus told him of a subscription fund for John William Colenso, bishop of Natal, South
  • and their predecessors had continued to grow following the 1863 publication of Huxleys  Evidence
  • that a Neanderthal race once extended across Europe. John Lubbock mentioned his forthcoming volume
  • failure to win the award in the two preceding years. An 1863 letter from the president of the Royal
  • ever so little degree the Councils award’ ( letter to John Lubbock, 21 December [1864] ). In

Darwin in letters, 1862: A multiplicity of experiments

Summary

1862 was a particularly productive year for Darwin. This was not only the case in his published output (two botanical papers and a book on the pollination mechanisms of orchids), but more particularly in the extent and breadth of the botanical experiments…

Matches: 17 hits

  • … of sterility between varieties of  Verbascum . When John Scott, foreman of the propagating …
  • … Darwin, impressed, gave him the commission ( see letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] ). …
  • … to publish on  Linum  ‘at once’ ( letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] ), writing up his …
  • … buy it. When he submitted the manuscript to his publisher, John Murray, he boasted: ‘I can say with …
  • … in the least , whether the Book will sell’ ( letter to John Murray, 9 [February 1862] ). To his …
  • … paper for the  Natural History Review  ( see letter to John Lubbock, 16 [December 1862] ). Aware …
  • … part of his popular exposition of Darwin’s theory (Rolle 1863; see letter to Friedrich Rolle, 17 …
  • … of the old  Beagle  crew, Bartholomew James Sulivan, John Clements Wickham, and Arthur Mellersh, …
  • … of this, he prescribed strict conditions for a meeting with John Lubbock: ‘if you could … let me go …
  • … at 9 o clock I do not think it would hurt me’ ( letter to John Lubbock, 23 October [1862] ). …
  • … on botany. Even at the start of their correspondence he told John Scott: ‘Botany is a new subject to …
  • … odds & ends of botany & you know far more’ ( letter to John Scott, 19 November [1862] ). …
  • … Lyell, 14 October [1862] ). Moreover, when the physicist John Tyndall, fresh from a summer in the …
  • … of Darwin’s circle was in Switzerland in the summer: John Lubbock briefly met up with Tyndall and …
  • … discovered prehistoric lake-dwellings ( see letter from John Lubbock, 23 August 1862 ). Lubbock …
  • … to view the prehistoric sites near Amiens ( see letter from John Lubbock, 15 May 1862 ), and he …
  • … about the antiquity of the human species ( see letter from John Lubbock, 6 January 1862 ). …

Natural Science and Femininity

Summary

Discussion Questions|Letters A conflation of masculine intellect and feminine thoughts, habits and feelings, male naturalists like Darwin inhabited an uncertain gendered identity. Working from the private domestic comfort of their homes and exercising…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Letter 4230 - Darwin to Gardeners’ Chronicle, [2 July 1863] Published in Gardeners’ …
  • … discusses the scientific career of botanist and gardener John Scott . Scott is “one of those men …
  • … discusses the scientific career of botanist and gardener John Scott . Differentiating between …
  • … 6046 - Weir, J. J. to Darwin, [24 March 1868] John Weir describes experiments he is …

Darwin as mentor

Summary

Darwin provided advice, encouragement and praise to his fellow scientific 'labourers' of both sexes. Selected letters Letter 2234 - Darwin to Unidentified, [5 March 1858] Darwin advises that Professor C. P. Smyth’s observations are not…

Matches: 2 hits

  • insufficient grounds. Letter 3934 - Darwin to Scott, J., [21 January 1863] …
  • worthy of publication. Letter 4185 - Darwin to Scott, J., [25 & 28 May 1863] …

Scientific Networks

Summary

Friendship|Mentors|Class|Gender In its broadest sense, a scientific network is a set of connections between people, places, and things that channel the communication of knowledge, and that substantially determine both its intellectual form and content,…

Matches: 13 hits

  • … Mentors Darwin's close relationship with John Stevens Henslow, the professor of botany …
  • … he mentored. The first is between Darwin and his neighbour, John Lubbock and the second is between …
  • … Letter 1585 — Darwin, C. R. to Lubbock, John, [Sept 1854] Darwin sends Lubbock a beetle he …
  • … Letter 1720 — Darwin, C. R. to Lubbock, John, 19 [July 1855] Darwin congratulates Lubbock on …
  • … Letter 1979 — Darwin, C. R. to Lubbock, John, 27 Oct [1856] Darwin provides detailed …
  • … expert William Bernard Tegetmeier and the Scottish gardener John Scott, illustrate how the rigid …
  • … him to publish in his journal. The debate about John Scott Letter 3800 — …
  • … found in flowers did not become fertilised when pollinated. Scott suggests Acropera has both …
  • … in the anthers. Letter 4463 — Scott, John to Darwin, C. R., 14 Apr [1864] Scott …
  • … to Gray, Asa, 13 Sept [1864] Darwin sends abstract of John Scott’s paper [see 4332 ] and …
  • … Letter 4170 — Becker, Lydia to Darwin, C. R., 18 May 1863 This is a very formal letter …
  • … Letter 4258 — Becker, Lydia to Darwin, C. R., 31 July [1863] Becker has found seeds produced …
  • … Letter 4260a — Darwin, C. R. to Becker, L. E., 2 Aug [1863] Darwin thanks Lydia Becker for …

Evolution: Selected Letters of Charles Darwin 1860-1870

Summary

This selection of Charles Darwin’s letters includes correspondence with his friends and scientific colleagues around the world; letters by the critics who tried to stamp out his ideas, and by admirers who helped them to spread. It takes up the story of…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … derivation of Species … Darwin to Charles Lyell, 1863. Permit me again to …
  • … soon as I am fairly settled & succeeding in India. John Scott to Darwin, 1864. …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 15 hits

  • … Letter 4258 - Becker, L. E. to Darwin, [31 July 1863] Lydia Becker details her …
  • … to Darwin, [1873] Ellen Lubbock, wife of naturalist John Lubbock, responds to Darwin’s …
  • … Letter 4242 - Hildebrand, F. H. G. to Darwin, [16 July 1863] Hildebrand writes to …
  • … in a marble tablet”. Letter 6815 - Scott, J. to Darwin, [2 July 1869] John
  • … Letter 4235 - Becker, L. E. to Darwin, [8 July 1863] Lydia Becker sends Darwin a …
  • … Letter 4139  - Darwin, W. E. to Darwin, [4 May 1863] William sends the results of a …
  • … Letter 4258 - Becker, L. E. to Darwin, [31 July 1863] Lydia Becker details her …
  • … 4233  - Tegetmeier, W. B. to Darwin, [29 June - 7 July 1863] Tegetmeier updates Darwin …
  • …  - Weir, J. J. to Darwin, [24 March 1868] John Weir describes experiments he is undertaking …
  • … J., [5 April 1859] Darwin asks his publisher, John Murray, to forward a manuscript copy of …
  • … 3896 - Darwin to Huxley, T. H, [before 25 February 1863] Darwin offers the results of …
  • … Letter 4010 - Huxley, T. H. to Darwin, [25 February 1863] Huxley praises Henrietta’s …
  • … Letter 4038 - Darwin to Lyell, C., [12-13 March 1863] Darwin secretly passes on …
  • … editorial criticism of a paper written by English naturalist John Lubbock. In addition to offering …
  • …  - Weir, J. J. to Darwin, [24 March 1868] John Weir describes experiments he is undertaking …

Forms of flowers

Summary

Darwin’s book The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species, published in 1877, investigated the structural differences in the sexual organs of flowers of the same species. It drew on and expanded five articles Darwin had published on the…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … was read at a meeting of the Linnean Society on 3 February 1863. Forms of flowers …
  • … ‘They did not believe in my results’ In July 1863, when Lythrum was flowering, Darwin …
  • … results of similar work carried out by correspondents like John Scott . Scott had been studying …
  • … only produced seedlings of the same form, but in March 1863, Darwin told Scott that with regard to …
  • … to write Forms of flowers . He contacted his publisher John Murray in early April 1877, …

Virginia Isitt: Darwin’s secretary?

Summary

In an undated and incomplete draft letter to a “Miss I.”, Emma Darwin appears to be arranging for Miss I. to come to Down for a trial period as a secretary. When the letter first came to light, no one had heard of the mysterious “Miss I.” and, as far as we…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … connection. Additionally, he told us that between 1862 and 1863 Miss Isitt had studied for a French …
  • … to further her career, as Darwin had helped the gardener John Scott, but we just don’t know. …