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To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society   19 July [1851]

Summary

Finds he needs four woodcuts for the introduction [to vol. 1 of Living Cirripedia], which calls for quick action. Will send entire MS by the end of the month.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Edwin Lankester; Ray Society
Date:  19 July [1851]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1443

Matches: 10 hits

  • … To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society   19 July [1851] …
  • … Mss.B.D25. ) Charles Robert Darwin Down 19 July [1851] Edwin Lankester Ray Society …
  • … University Press. 1985–. Fossil Cirripedia (1851): A monograph on the fossil Lepadidæ, or, …
  • … cirripedes of Great Britain. By Charles Darwin. London: Palaeontographical Society. 1851. …
  • … Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with figures of all the …
  • … opposite page 3 in the introduction to Living Cirripedia (1851) . One of them, Fig. …
  • … of the ‘Capitulum’ in Fossil Cirripedia (1851):  9, which CD had asked to borrow in letter …
  • … Palaeontographical Society , 7 July [1851]. Fig. II is of the scutum of Lepas , and Fig. …
  • … London ( Post Office London directory 1851), were printers to the Ray Society . Baird …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1851. Post Office London directory : Post-Office …

To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society   4 March [1851]

Summary

Asks EL to request the Council [of the Ray Society] to permit him to have nine plates [for vol. 1 of Living Cirripedia] instead of eight (of which two were to be in colour) and a tenth plate if he pays for it himself.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Edwin Lankester; Ray Society
Date:  4 Mar [1851]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1395

Matches: 7 hits

  • … To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society    4 March [1851] …
  • … Society (Mss.B.D25. ) Charles Robert Darwin Down 4 Mar [1851] Edwin Lankester Ray Society …
  • … of the Ray Society . The Ray Society published Living Cirripedia ( 1851 , 1854 ). …
  • … Living Cirripedia (1851) has ten plates; none is coloured. George …
  • … for both volumes of Living Cirripedia ( 1851 , 1854 ) and for Fossil Cirripedia ( 1854 ). …
  • … Society. 1854. Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the …

To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society   26 July [1851]

Summary

Asks EL whether he should use both Latin and English descriptions of specific characters [in vol. 1 of Living Cirripedia].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Edwin Lankester; Ray Society
Date:  26 July [1851]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1446

Matches: 5 hits

  • … To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society   26 July [1851] …
  • … Mss.B.D25. ) Charles Robert Darwin Down 26 July [1851] Edwin Lankester Ray Society …
  • … Living Cirripedia (1851) has specific descriptions in both Latin and English. This …
  • … Bibliography Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … The Lepadidæ; or, pedunculated cirripedes. By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1851. …

To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society   5 December [1850]

Summary

Discusses illustrations [for Living Cirripedia 1 (1851)]. Mentions drawings by G. B. Sowerby [Jr].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Edwin Lankester; Ray Society
Date:  5 Dec [1850]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.98)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1374

Matches: 6 hits

  • … illustrations [for Living Cirripedia 1 (1851)]. Mentions drawings by G. B. Sowerby [Jr]. …
  • … Bibliography Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … The Lepadidæ; or, pedunculated cirripedes. By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1851. …
  • … n.  1. The first volume of Living Cirripedia ( 1851 ) was published as number twenty-one …
  • … of the Ray Society’s publications for 1851, although it did not actually appear until …
  • … if you would inform me, at what period of 1851, my Part will appear; pray do not suppose …

To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society   30 July [1851]

Summary

Sends completed MS [vol. 1 of Living Cirripedia] with instructions for the printers; reviews number of plates and woodcuts, and offers to pay for extras and for excess corrections, if they occur. Hopes the Council [of the Ray Society] will print his second volume at the end of the ensuing year.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Edwin Lankester; Ray Society
Date:  30 July [1851]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1447

Matches: 6 hits

  • … To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society   30 July [1851] …
  • … Mss.B.D25. ) Charles Robert Darwin Down 30 July [1851] Edwin Lankester Ray Society …
  • … book (Down House MS) shows a payment to the Ray Society of £1 1 s . on 24 July 1851. …
  • … Press. 1985–. Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the …
  • … Living Cirripedia (1851) includes a preface of 7 pages, 375 pages of text, and an …

To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society   [7 August 1851]

Summary

CD returns home Saturday and would like his servant to take his MS [of Living Cirripedia] to Adlard that morning; he does not have a copy and would on no account re-undergo the labour he has spent on it.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Edwin Lankester; Ray Society
Date:  [7 Aug 1851]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1448

Matches: 4 hits

  • … To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society   [7 August 1851] …
  • … Charles Robert Darwin London, Park St, 7 [7 Aug 1851] Edwin Lankester Ray Society …
  • … of the works of industry of all nations, 1851. Reports by the juries (London, 1852), pp.   …
  • … return to Down until Sunday, 10 August 1851. The president of the French Republic, Louis …

To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society   22 July [1851]

Summary

Will bring MS [of vol. 1 of Living Cirripedia] on the last day of July, and proofs of the eight plates now engraved will be sent soon. CD has failed to get materials for the one coloured plate he wanted, so none will be in colour. There will be ten altogether. He will ask later whether he must pay for the extra one. G. B. Sowerby Jr comes next day to complete drawings for two not yet engraved.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Edwin Lankester; Ray Society
Date:  22 July [1851]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1444

Matches: 3 hits

  • … To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society   22 July [1851] …
  • … Mss.B.D25. ) Charles Robert Darwin Down 22 July [1851] Edwin Lankester Ray Society …
  • … omit printing it in colour (see letter to Edwin Lankester, Ray Society, 30 July [1851] ). …

To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society   7 November [1850]

Summary

Has sent G. B. Sowerby Jr some skeleton plates [for vol. 1 of Living Cirripedia] which the Council [of the Ray Society] may also wish to see, along with GBS’s finished drawings. He reminds EL that he has not heard about colour for the plates and adds he has not been told what type should be used; gives estimated lengths of part 1 in different sizes of type (part 2 will be fully twice the size of this). Hopes if the Council does not publish part 1 in 1851 it will publish all in 1852.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Edwin Lankester; Ray Society
Date:  7 Nov [1850]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1367

Matches: 6 hits

  • … Council, if they do not publish one Part in 1851, will publish all in 1852. ; otherwise my …
  • … publish M r . Darwin’s Part I of the Cirripedes for the year 1851’ ( Ray Society Minutes). …
  • … Entomostraca. London. Living Cirripedia (1851): A monograph of the sub-class Cirripedia, …
  • … By Charles Darwin. London: Ray Society. 1851. Living Cirripedia (1854): A monograph of the …
  • … The first volume of Living Cirripedia ( 1851 ) came to 400 pages, plus ten plates, and was …
  • … this). Hopes if the Council does not publish part 1 in 1851 it will publish all in 1852. …

To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society   [9 August 1851]

Summary

Wants his MS [of Living Cirripedia] taken to Adlard by a trustworthy person and wants to be told when and how it was done; leaves a note for Adlard that he wants proof on the 17th or 18th.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Edwin Lankester; Ray Society
Date:  [9 Aug 1851]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1449

Matches: 2 hits

  • … To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society   [9 August 1851] …
  • … Charles Robert Darwin London, Park St, 7 [9 Aug 1851] Edwin Lankester Ray Society …

To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society   27 October [1850]

Summary

MS [of Living Cirripedia, vol. 1] can be ready in two weeks, but CD would like a decision from the Council of the Ray Society on number of plates. Thinks specimen should be sent to G. B. Sowerby Jr for an estimate on price of engraving. Regrets he is not familiar with routine of the Society. Systematic section will be in two parts; the third part will be on anatomy, habits, etc.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Edwin Lankester; Ray Society
Date:  27 Oct [1850]
Classmark:  Empire Autograph Auctions (dealers) (29 March 2000)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1364

Matches: 1 hit

  • … Ray Society ( Ray Society Minutes, 7 April 1851, British Museum (Natural History)). George …

To Edwin Lankester, Ray Society   19 March [1853]

Summary

Objects to early deadline for submitting manuscript [of Living Cirripedia 2 (1854)]. Discusses illustrations by G. B. Sowerby [Jr].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Edwin Lankester; Ray Society
Date:  19 Mar [1853]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.104)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1507

Matches: 1 hit

  • … See letter to Edwin Lankester, 30 July [1851] , in which CD stated that the manuscript of …
Document type
letter (11)
Author
Correspondent
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1850 (3)
1851 (7)
1853 (1)
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The death of Anne Elizabeth Darwin

Summary

Charles and Emma Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died at the age of ten in 1851.   Emma was heavily pregnant with their fifth son, Horace, at the time and could not go with Charles when he took Annie to Malvern to consult the hydrotherapist, Dr Gully.…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died at the age of ten in 1851.   Emma was heavily pregnant with …
  • … expired at Malvern at 1  Midday on the 23 d . of April 1851.— I write these few pages, as I …
  • … her dear joyous face. Blessings on her.— April 30. 1851. Notes: 1 …
  • … Darwin’s reaction to her sister’s death Aug. 1851. Etty nearly 8 years old. She appeared for …
  • … Annie's illness and death To W. D. Fox, [ 27 March 1851 ] To Emma Darwin,  [17 …

Our poor dear dear child: To Emma Darwin, [23 April 1851]

Summary

  Marsha Richmond shares her experiences of editing the very moving letters Darwin wrote to his wife Emma about the death of their daughter Anne Elizabeth Darwin in 1851, aged 10.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … about the death of their daughter Anne Elizabeth Darwin in 1851, aged 10. …

Darwin’s study of the Cirripedia

Summary

Darwin’s work on barnacles, conducted between 1846 and 1854, has long posed problems for historians. Coming between his transmutation notebooks and the Origin of species, it has frequently been interpreted as a digression from Darwin’s species work. Yet…

Matches: 12 hits

  • … he explained in the preface to Living Cirripedia (1851): vii, ‘to have described only a single …
  • …   In both volumes of Living Cirripedia (1851 and 1854), Darwin devoted an …
  • … parts of the mature animal.’ ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 25). As a basis for his homologies, …
  • … in the various genera of Lepadidae ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 286–7), which he later …
  • … the highest classificatory value’ ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 285).^12^    For delineating …
  • … the cement glands of the organism ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 20). This association suggested to …
  • … feel no hesitation in advancing it. ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 37–8)    In Living …
  • … belonging to the same species!’ ( Living Cirripedia (1851): 293)—this discovery was unique in the …
  • … devoted the first sixty-five pages of Living Cirripedia (1851), and a lengthy section in …
  • … by a letter he wrote to Charles Spence Bate, 13 June [1851] ( Correspondence vol. 5), in …
  • … mentioned both Coral reefs and Living Cirripedia (1851), but it was the latter work that …
  • … to the analogy with plants in Living Cirripedia (1851): 214: ‘Although the existence of …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 24 hits

  • … pages of text copied from Notebook C and carries on through 1851; the second (DAR 128) continues the …
  • … from Parent to offspring of some Forms of Disease. 1851 [Whitehead 1851]. Packard. A Guide to …
  • … [Malcolm 1836] H. Dixon Life of Pen [W. H. Dixon 1851].— Southeys Life of Wesley [R. …
  • … Humboldt 1849]. Liebigs Lectures on Chemistry [Liebig 1851]. Sir John Davies. China …
  • … Steenstrup on Hermaphroditismus [Steenstrup 1846]. 1851. Jan. 6 th . Pickering Races …
  • … 1850].— April 5 Manual of Geology Lyell [Lyell 1851] —— 30 Annales des Sc. Phys. de  …
  • … nothing July 16 th  Dixon. Pigeons [E. S. Dixon 1851].— Dec. 26. Count Odart’s …
  • … Wilkie [Cunningham 1843] [DAR 119: 23b] 1851 Jan 27. M. Martineau. …
  • … 1844]. good London Labour & London Poor [Mayhew 1851].— Missionary Life in Canada …
  • … July 1 st . Edwardes Year in Punjaub [Edwardes 1851] good 16 Gleig’s Life of Clive [Gleig …
  • … 15. Liebig Familiar letters on Chemistry [Liebig 1851]. Nov. 15 th  Wilson Voyage. Scotland …
  • … [DAR *128: 182] 83 Jury Report. Exhibition of 1851 on silk-worms & sheep, selection …
  • … et de ses ràces ou varietes 8 o . 12. p. 1 Pl. Poitiers 1851. Chez H. Oudin [Mauduyt 1851] Read …
  • … of Madeira with list of Birds ( some migratory ) [Harcourt 1851]. Yarrell has (read) Rev d …
  • … Horticulture, Floriculture and Natural Science ] (1850? 1851?) must positively  be read 96 …
  • … 1852] grand illustrated work on Legumes [?Vilmorin-Andrieux 1851–7] 110 [DAR *128: 154] …
  • … March 26. Gosse’s Sojourn in Jamaica [Gosse 1851] April 30 Journal of Horticultural Soc of …
  • … 1852 . Feb. 1. Emigrants Manual [Burton 1851] March 10 th  Hind’s Solar System …
  • … Man’s Nature & Development [Atkinson and Martineau 1851] —— 25 Head. Home Tour …
  • …   of the Indian Archipelago and Eastern Asia ] Vol I to V 1851 M. Edwards. Introduction …
  • … —— 13 th  Neale’s Residences in Siam [Neale 1851] 22 Sir J. Davis China during War and …
  • … 1853] (excellent) —— 23 Howitts Victoria [Howitt 1851] part of (poor) Oct 7 th  Sir …
  • … 28 th . Delineations of the Ox Tribe &c by George Vasey. 1851 [Vasey 1851]. May 28. …
  • … June 8 th  Sketch of Madeira by E. Vernon Harcourt p. 1851 [Harcourt 1851] —— 11 Busk …

Living and fossil cirripedia

Summary

Darwin published four volumes on barnacles, the crustacean sub-class Cirripedia, between 1851 and 1854, two on living species and two on fossil species. Written for a specialist audience, they are among the most challenging and least read of Darwin’s works…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … four volumes on the crustacean sub-class Cirripedia between 1851 and 1854, two on living species and …
  • … made to the plates, but even close to publication in early 1851, Darwin told Sowerby, ‘ I like the …
  • … books. ’ When the first fossil monograph appeared in June 1851, it was the third part of volume 5 …
  • … of the living species; having finished writing in July 1851 , he corrected proof-sheets from …
  • … the first volume of Living Cirripedia bears the date 1851, it did not appear until January …

Darwin in letters, 1847-1850: Microscopes and barnacles

Summary

Darwin's study of barnacles, begun in 1844, took him eight years to complete. The correspondence reveals how his interest in a species found during the Beagle voyage developed into an investigation of the comparative anatomy of other cirripedes and…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … confusing sub-class of Crustacea,  Living Cirripedia  (1851, 1854) and  Fossil Cirripedia  (1851
  • … dioecious plants from monoecious forms (Living Cirripedia (1851): 214; (1854): 29, 528 n.) and, at …
  • … he justified in a lengthy footnote (Living Cirripedia (1851): 293 n.). The problem that bothered …

Darwin in letters, 1851-1855: Death of a daughter

Summary

The letters from these years reveal the main preoccupations of Darwin’s life with a new intensity. The period opens with a family tragedy in the death of Darwin’s oldest and favourite daughter, Anne, and it shows how, weary and mourning his dead child,…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … to Darwin and to his contemporaries. Throughout 1851, Darwin concentrated on the pedunculated …
  • … details with the Ray Society for  Living Cirripedia  (1851) and with the Palaeontographical …

1.3 Thomas Herbert Maguire, lithograph

Summary

< Back to Introduction This striking portrait of Darwin, dating from 1849, belonged to a series of about sixty lithographic portraits of naturalists and other scientists drawn by Thomas Herbert Maguire. They were successively commissioned over a…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … the small impression that can be purchased.’   In 1851 the scope of the project was expanded …
  • … in securing the Association’s decision to hold its July 1851 meeting in Ipswich. Furthermore, this …
  • … When Prince Albert himself visited the Ipswich conference in 1851 amid great celebrations, he too …
  • … Letter from Ransome to Michael Faraday, 6 June 1851, in Frank A.J.L. James (ed.), The …
  • … of Science’, dated from Ipswich, Times (3 July 1851), p. 5. ‘Visit of Prince Albert to Ipswich’, …

Alexander Burns Usborne

Summary

Alexander Burns Usborne was born in Kendal, Westmorland, in 1808, the son of Alexander and Margaret Usborne; his father died in 1818 and in his will was described as the purser on HMS Hannibal. His son joined the navy in 1825 aged 16 as a second-class…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … 1842 he returned to surveying around the British coast. In 1851 his sister was living in Plymstock, …
  • … National Archives: Public Record Office HO107/276/2/21/36), 1851 (HO107/1877/160/2), 1861 (RG 9/1428 …

George Robert Waterhouse

Summary

George Waterhouse was born on 6 March 1810 in Somers Town, North London. His father was a solicitor’s clerk and an amateur lepidopterist. George was educated from 1821-24 at Koekelberg near Brussels. On his return he worked for a time as an apprentice to…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … branch. Waterhouse became keeper of mineralogy in 1851 and keeper of geology in 1856, where he added …

Darwin and Fatherhood

Summary

Charles Darwin married Emma Wedgwood in 1839 and over the next seventeen years the couple had ten children. It is often assumed that Darwin was an exceptional Victorian father. But how extraordinary was he? The Correspondence Project allows an unusually…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … when they had four children aged less than six years old in 1851, they employed eight servants …
  • … following the  death of his oldest daughter, Annie , in 1851. Seven years later he was again …

Bartholomew James Sulivan

Summary

On Christmas Day 1866, Bartholomew Sulivan sat down to write a typically long and chatty letter to his old friend, Charles Darwin, commiserating on shared ill-health, glorying in the achievements of their children, offering to collect plant specimens, and…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … with his wife in the Falklands where they remained until 1851 – their eldest son, James Young …
  • … never suited him, and following his return to England in 1851 Sulivan was frequently ill, but never …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

Here is a list of people that appeared in the photograph album Darwin received for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from scientific admirers in the Netherlands. Many thanks to Hester Loeff for identifying and researching them. No. …

Matches: 4 hits

  • …   Yokohama (Japan) 19 january 1851 Nijkerk 1 july 1915 …
  • … Leyden University.   Leiden 16 june 1851 Giethoorn 27 …
  • … School   Roermond 11 december 1851 Utrecht 1 may 1902 …
  • … School.   Utrecht 3 june 1851 Amsterdam 24 September 1933 …

John Murray

Summary

Darwin's most famous book On the origin of species by means of natural selection (Origin) was published on 22 November 1859. The publisher was John Murray, who specialised in non-fiction, particularly politics, travel and science, and had published…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … publications, his barnacle books ( Fossil Cirripedia  (1851 and 1854) and  Living Cirripedia   …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

List of people appearing in the photograph album Darwin received from scientific admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to Hester Loeff for providing this list and for permission to make her research available.…

Matches: 4 hits

  • …   Yokohama (Japan) 19 January 1851 Nijkerk 1 July 1915 …
  • … Leyden University.   Leiden 16 June 1851 Giethoorn 27 …
  • … School   Roermond 11 December 1851 Utrecht 1 May 1902 …
  • … School.   Utrecht 3 June 1851 Amsterdam 24 September 1933 …

Horace Darwin born

Summary

Darwin's son, and ninth child, Horace is born

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Darwin's son, and ninth child, Horace is born …

George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans)

Summary

George Eliot was the pen name of celebrated Victorian novelist Mary Ann Evans (1819-1880). She was born on the outskirts of Nuneaton in Warwickshire and was educated at boarding schools from the age of five until she was 16. Her education ended when she…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … responsible for the magazine's success at that time. In 1851 she met the philosopher, writer …

Thomas Henry Huxley

Summary

Dubbed “Darwin’s bulldog” for his combative role in controversies over evolution, Huxley was a leading Victorian zoologist, science popularizer, and education reformer. He was born in Ealing, a small village west of London, in 1825. With only two years of…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … on H.M.S. Rattlesnake in the South Pacific (1846–1851).  He pursued natural history alongside …
  • … marine invertebrates. Shortly after his return to England in 1851, he was elected a fellow of the …

Death of Annie Darwin

Summary

The Darwins' 10-year old daughter, Anne Elizabeth, dies in Malvern.  Charles is with her, but Emma, heavily pregnant, has to stay behind at Down.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … The Darwins' 10-year old daughter, Anne Elizabeth, dies in Malvern.  Charles is with her, but Emma …

About Darwin

Summary

To many of us, Darwin’s name is synonymous with his theory of evolution by natural selection.  But even before the publication of On the Origin of Species in 1859, he was publicly known through his popular book about the voyage of the Beagle, and he was…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … in his sense of loss when his daughter Annie died in 1851. Darwin was educated at the …
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