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Darwin in letters, 1837–1843: The London years to 'natural selection'
Summary
The seven-year period following Darwin's return to England from the Beagle voyage was one of extraordinary activity and productivity in which he became recognised as a naturalist of outstanding ability, as an author and editor, and as a professional…
Matches: 17 hits
- … in London and at the end of the year their first child, William Erasmus, was born. In September 1842 …
- … This explanation of a “new Geological Power”, as William Buckland called it (in his referee’s report …
- … of the Beagle voyage. With the help of J. S. Henslow, William Whewell, and other prominent …
- … by C. G. Ehrenberg; fungi by M. J. Berkeley; and corals by William Lonsdale ( Collected papers , 2 …
- … Towards the end of 1843, he increasingly hoped that William Jackson Hooker or his son Joseph might …
- … letters have suffered an even more severe loss. In a letter to Lyell’s sister-in-law, Katharine …
- … Henslow, Jenyns, Waterhouse, and his second cousin, William Darwin Fox—knew, as he said to Henslow, …
- … of fact . . . on the origin & variation of species” ( Letter to J. S. Henslow, [November 1839] …
- … that he had a sound solution to what J. F. W. Herschel in a letter to Lyell had called the ‘mystery …
- … about searching for evidence to support his hypothesis. In a letter to Lyell, [14] September [1838 …
- … selection preserved from this period are the exchanges with William Herbert, Dean of Manchester, a …
- … just the same, though I know what I am looking for' ( Letter to G. R. Waterhouse, [26 July …
- … there were no doubts as to how one ought to act’ ( Letter from Emma Darwin, [ c. February 1839] …
- … for several months (See Correspondence vol. 1, letter to Caroline Darwin, 13 October 1834 , …
- … the correspondence about the vitality of seeds discovered by William Kemp of Galashiels in a …
- … sea-water. The letters about Kemp’s seeds and the William Herbert correspondence, which was …
- … notebook). See also Allan 1977, pp. 128–30). The letter, on ‘Double flowers’ to the …
Darwin and Design
Summary
At the beginning of the nineteenth century in Britain, religion and the sciences were generally thought to be in harmony. The study of God’s word in the Bible, and of his works in nature, were considered to be part of the same truth. One version of this…
Matches: 14 hits
- … the same truth. One version of this harmony was presented in William Paley’s Natural theology, or …
- … at one example, the treatise on geology. It was written by William Buckland, the professor of …
- … on the strata of the earth’, and so forth. In one chapter, Buckland discussed an extinct mammal, …
- … and beneficent God have designed such an animal? Buckland remarked that the animal was an …
- … a single swish of its tail or paw. ‘[Its] entire frame’, Buckland wrote, ‘was an apparatus of …
- … Owen’s highly theoretical anatomy was quite different from Buckland’s more empirical programme. Owen …
- … for specific purposes. In comparing the work of Paley, Buckland, and Owen, it becomes clear that …
- … Some natural philosophers and astronomers, such as William Herschel, speculated about the origins of …
- … other versions of natural theology, such as that of William Herschel. Indeed, the second edition of …
- … the lacunas which he himself had made. See the letter Kingsley was able to …
- … and critics alike, he sketched Darwin as a bishop in a letter of 1868, giving audience to a humble …
- … nature to the physical condition of man. Treatise III, by William Whewell. On astronomy and general …
- … with reference to natural theology. 2 vols. Treatise VI, by William Buckland. Geology and mineralogy …
- … and homologies of the vertebrate skeleton (1848). William Paley, Natural theology (1802) …
'An Appeal' against animal cruelty
Summary
The four-page pamphlet transcribed below and entitled 'An Appeal', was composed jointly by Emma and Charles Darwin (see letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, [29 September 1863]). The pamphlet, which protested against the cruelty of steel vermin…
Matches: 14 hits
- … was composed jointly by Emma and Charles Darwin (see letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, [29 …
- … of the pamphlet in August and September 1863 (see letter from G. B. Sowerby Jr to Emma Darwin, 22 …
- … 1863, pp. 821–2, under the title `Vermin and traps' ( Letter no. 4282). The wording of the …
- … 1872, p. 66). The letters, sent by the writer and historian William Howitt, drew attention to the …
- … and to 'a good many persons Squires Ladies & MPs' (see letter from Emma Darwin to W. D …
- … more success with the campaign than she expected (see the letter from Emma Darwin to William Erasmus …
- … s. 6 d. for distributing the 'cruelty pamphlet', and letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. …
- … involved no more cruelty than the possible alternatives (see letter from E. L. Darwin, 7 September …
- … to the RSPCA in 1852 for working horses with sore necks (see letter from Emma Darwin to William …
- … , pp. 44, 54–5, 78, and Correspondence vol. 2, letter to W. D. Fox, 28 August [1837]). Later he …
- … Autobiography , pp. 78–9, Correspondence vol. 7, letter to W. E. Darwin, 22 [September 1858], …
- … Gardeners’ Chronicle , 29 August 1863, pp. 821–2 ( Letter no. 4282). The woodcut was arranged …
- … Kent, in 1861: John Higwood, under-gamekeeper, age 34, and William Folgate, gamekeeper, age 50 …
- … Gardeners’ Chronicle , 29 August 1863, pp. 821–2 ( Letter no. 4282). 7 Edward Strong …
Darwin in letters, 1864: Failing health
Summary
On receiving a photograph from Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July 1864: ‘the venerable beard gives the look of your having suffered, and … of having grown older’. Because of poor health, Because of poor health, Darwin…
Matches: 27 hits
- … Darwin with his now famous beard, had been taken by his son William in April, when Darwin was …
- … for him to make some observations of dimorphic plants with William’s help; he also ordered a …
- … In the same month, Darwin began to consult William Jenner, professor of clinical medicine at …
- … of the five physicians Darwin had consulted in 1863. In a letter of 26[–7] March [1864] , Darwin …
- … and he received more letters of advice from Jenner. In a letter of 15 December [1864] to the …
- … the two previous years. As Darwin explained to his cousin William Darwin Fox in a letter of 30 …
- … observations indoors ( Correspondence vol. 11). In a letter of [27 January 1864] , Darwin …
- … gradation by which leaves produce tendrils’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [8 February 1864] ). …
- … fearfully for it is a leaf climber & therefore sacred’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 2 June [1864] …
- … matters which routinists regard in the light of axioms’ ( letter from Daniel Oliver, [17 March 1864 …
- … long series of changes . . .’ When he told Asa Gray in a letter of 29 October [1864] that he was …
- … paper was published, Darwin remarked to Hooker in a letter of 26 November [1864] that nothing …
- … of the two species with the common oxlip. In a letter of 22 October [1864] , Darwin triumphantly …
- … The greatest assistance in 1864, however, was provided by William, Darwin’s eldest son and a banker …
- … shape and size, indicated fertility between dimorphic forms. William participated in the detailed …
- … can do as much pollen work as ever you like’. Comments on William’s findings, along with other …
- … wife, Emma, or by Henrietta. Darwin’s own replies to William disclose his delight in discovering the …
- … this interest. At the start of the year, he received a letter, insect specimens, and an article on …
- … that it was ‘the best medicine for my stomach’ ( letter to Daniel Oliver, 17 February [1864] ). …
- … at the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, in 1862 with a letter regarding the fertilisation of the …
- … two years, with his stipend being paid by Darwin himself ( letter to J. D. Hooker, [1 April 1864] …
- … is difficult enough to play your part over them’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, [2 April 1864] ). …
- … troublesome … they do require very careful treatment’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 8 April 1864 ). …
- … the conclusion that in giving I am hastening the fall’ ( letter from J. D. Hooker, 20 April 1864 ) …
- … his indomitable perseverance, and his knowledge’ ( letter to John Scott, 10 June 1864 ). Hooker …
- … As in earlier years, Darwin consulted Charles William Crocker about his crossing experiments with …
- … his brother Erasmus told him of a subscription fund for John William Colenso, bishop of Natal, South …
Darwin’s reading notebooks
Summary
In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…
Matches: 26 hits
- … [Reimarius 1760] The Highlands & Western Isl ds letter to Sir W Scott [MacCulloch 1824 …
- … 1834–40]: In Portfolio of “abstracts” 34 —letter from Skuckard of books on Silk Worm …
- … in muscles & bones of man & animals.— (Read) Buckland Bridgewater Treatise [Buckland …
- … M rs Fry’s Life [Fry 1847] Horace Walpoles letter to C t . of Ossory [Walpole 1848] …
- … Asiatic Society ]—contains very little Macleay’s letter to D r Fleming [Macleay 1830] …
- … [Bell 1806]. Bucklands Bridgewater Treatise [Buckland 1836] Read half through Swedish …
- … 1841]. 2 d . vols. —— 30 th . Smollets William & Mary. & Anne [Smollett 1805].— …
- … 3 d . Series —— Bucklands Bridgewater Treatise [Buckland 1836] June 7 th …
- … [Heer 1854].— Hooker has it.— Very important Hookers letter Jan. 1859 Yules Ava [Yule 1858] …
- … [DAR *128: 149] Murray Geograph. Distrib. Price William & Norgate 2” 12” 6 [A. Murray …
- … Hind’s Solar System [Hind 1852] April 20 th William Humboldts letters [K. W. von Humboldt …
- … 7 Probably a reference to the private library of William Jackson Hooker and his son, Joseph …
- … In February 1882, however, after reading the introduction to William Ogle’s translation of Aristotle …
- … Notebooks ). 19 According to the DNB , William Herbert provided notes for both …
- … is presumably the date and number of the part containing William Pulteney Alison’s article which was …
- … of the material from these portfolios is in DAR 205, the letter from William Edward Shuckard to …
- … listing the volumes in the Naturalist’s Library edited by William Jardine, a forty-volume series on …
- … ( Notebooks , pp. 319–28). 55 The letter was addressed to Nicholas Aylward Vigors …
- … 66 The bibliography provides the titles of the works by William Shakespeare that CD recorded …
- … CD’s collection is a presentation copy from the author to William Jackson Hooker. See …
- … edited by Robert Bentley Todd, was issued in parts. William Pulteney Alison’s article first …
- … 119: 21b Broughton, William Grant. 1832. A letter in vindication of the principles of …
- … Jameson . London. [Darwin Library.] 119: 2a Buckland, William. 1836. Geology and …
- … by Bekhur to Garoo and the Lake Manasarowara: with a letter from … J. G. Gerard, Esq. …
- … 1830. On the dying struggle of the dichotomous sytem. In a letter to N. A. Vigors. Philosophical …
- … *119: 8v., 22v.; *128: 165 ——. 1850a. Letter to the Rev. John Bachman, on the question of …
Darwin's health
Summary
On 28 March 1849, ten years before Origin was published, Darwin wrote to his good friend Joseph Hooker from Great Malvern in Worcestershire, where Dr James Manby Gully ran a fashionable water-cure establishment. Darwin apologised for his delayed reply to…
Matches: 22 hits
- … Darwin apologised for his delayed reply to Hooker’s letter which he put down to his exceptionally …
- … I was rapidly going the way of all flesh. See the letter At various periods in his …
- … months while he took Dr Gully’s water cure. In Darwin’s letter to Hooker, he described Dr Gully’s …
- … certain that the Water Cure is no quackery.— See the letter After returning from …
- … in the years around 1848, 1852, 1859, and 1863. In a letter to Hooker in April of 1861, for example, …
- … as my retching is apt to be extremely loud.— See the letter Besides experimenting …
- … Smith, Darwin sought advice from his consulting physician William Jenner, the stomach specialist …
- … the vomiting wonderfully & I am gaining vigour .’ (letter to J. D. Hooker, 13 April [1864] ) …
- … these grounds (see, for example, Correspondence vol. 2, letter to J. S. Henslow, 14 October …
- … first mentioned attacks of ‘periodical vomiting’ in a letter to W. D. Fox, [7 June 1840] ( …
- … sickness in 1849, describing ‘incessant vomiting’ in his letter to Richard Owen, [24 February 1849 …
- … he was sick almost daily (see Correspondence vol. 12, letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, [6 …
- … before Darwin’s decision to consult John Chapman. In a letter to J. D. Hooker, [20-] 22 February …
- … after eating, and that he seldom threw up food. In his letter to Chapman of 16 May [1865] , …
- … and care see, for example, Correspondence vol. 4, letter to Emma Darwin, [27-8 May 1848] . …
- … had suffered from gout (see Correspondence vol. 1, letter to W. D. Fox, [25-9 January 1829] , …
- … see King-Hele 1999, pp. 161-2). Erasmus also wrote a letter to Darwin’s father, in which he claimed …
- … are discussed in Colp 1977, pp. 31-2, 47, 98. In his letter to J. D. Hooker, 5 March [1863] ( …
- … feel a little alive’. See also Correspondence vol. 12, letter from Emma Darwin to J. D. Hooker, …
- … the treatment (see, for example, Correspondence vol. 4, letter to W. D. Fox, 24 [March 1849] …
- … at Down for several years (see Correspondence vol. 4, letter to J. D. Hooker, 12 October 1849 …
- … September and October 1863 (see Correspondence vol. 11, letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, …
Journal of researches
Summary
Within two months of the Beagle’s arrival back in England in October 1836, Darwin, although busy with distributing his specimens among specialists for description, and more interested in working on his geological research, turned his mind to the task of…
Matches: 5 hits
- … also a thorough restructuring, as he explained to his cousin William Darwin Fox in March 1837: ‘ I …
- … had circulated the page proofs from early 1838, not least to William Whewell, president of the …
- … Journal and remarks he had received from the publisher. William Buckland praised its ‘ high …
- … & generous feeling that is visible in every part ’; and William Lonsdale also admired the ‘ …
- … Alexander von Humboldt, who wrote a long and appreciative letter about the ‘ excellent et admirable …
Books on the Beagle
Summary
The Beagle was a sort of floating library. Find out what Darwin and his shipmates read here.
Matches: 25 hits
- … Captain FitzRoy in the Narrative (2: 18). CD, in his letter to Henslow, 9 [September 1831] , …
- … . . . There will be plenty of room for Books.’ (Letter from Robert FitzRoy, 23 September 1831 …
- … the ‘immense stock’ which CD mentions may be had from a letter FitzRoy wrote to his sister during an …
- … on board the Beagle § — mentioned in a letter or other source as being on board …
- … Darwin Library–CUL ††. ‡ Beechey, Frederick William. Narrative of a voyage to the Pacific …
- … Naturelle 3 (1834): 84–115. (DAR 37.1: 677v.; letter to J. S. Henslow, 12 July 1835). * …
- … d’histoire naturelle . 17 vols. Paris, 1822–31. (Letter from J. S. Henslow, 15–21 January [1833]). …
- … a report of the proceedings . . . Cambridge, 1833. (Letter to Charles Whitley, 23 July 1834). …
- … of the 2d meeting . . . Oxford, 1832 . London, 1833. (Letter to J. S. Henslow, March 1834 and …
- … , etc. London, 1743. (DAR 36.1: 447). Burchell, William John. Travels in the interior of …
- … . . . London, 1798. (DAR 31.2: 318v.). Conybeare, William Daniel and Phillips, William. …
- … also Hawkesworth, John). (DAR 32.2: 89v.; Robert FitzRoy’s letter to the South African Christian …
- … 255v.; number of volumes on board unknown). Dampier, William. A new voyage round the world. …
- … residence in New Zealand in 1827 . . . London, 1832. (Letter to Caroline Darwin, 27 December 1835). …
- … 33: 254). § Euclid. Elements of geometry. (Letter to J. S. Henslow, 30 October 1831). …
- … The philosophy of zoology . . . 2 vols. Edinburgh, 1822. (Letter from Susan Darwin, 15 October …
- … to the mountain barometer. 2d ed. London, n.d. [1802]. (Letter to Robert FitzRoy, [10 October 1831 …
- … and western coasts of Australia (includes: Fitton, William. An account of some geological …
- … tracts’, Darwin Library–CUL †. Kirby, William and Spence, William. An introduction to …
- … de l’ordre des polypiers. Paris, 1821. (DAR 30.1: 13v.; letter to J. S. Henslow, 24 July – 7 …
- … de la Plata. London, 1825. (DAR 33: 269v.). Owen, William Fitz William. Narrative of …
- … Berlin 1769 ed. †† (vol. 2). Phillips, William. Elementary introducton to . . . mineralogy …
- … 28 June 1836, Collected papers 1: 26). Webster, William Henry Bayley. Narrative of a …
- … from Caroline Darwin, 28 October [1833]). § Whewell, William. Essay towards a first …
- … ‘Philosophical tracts’, Darwin Library–CUL †. Buckland, William. Considerations of the …
