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List of correspondents

Summary

Below is a list of Darwin's correspondents with the number of letters for each one. Click on a name to see the letters Darwin exchanged with that correspondent.    "A child of God" (1) Abberley,…

Matches: 27 hits

  • … (1) Athenæum (11) Atkin, J. R. (1) …
  • … Benson, W. H. (2) Bentham, George (66) …
  • … (3) Bosquet, J. A. H. de (11) Bostock, John …
  • … (2) Breitenbach, Wilhelm (11) Brent, B. P. …
  • … Browne, Walter (6) Brownen, George (1) …
  • … (2) Bunbury, C. J. F. (11) Bunbury, F. J. …
  • … Bush, John (3) Busk, George (18) …
  • … (1) Caspary, Robert (11) Cassell Petter & …
  • … Claus, C. F. (9) Clendon, George, Jr (1) …
  • … (40) Crick, W. D. (11) Crier, John …
  • … (1) Crocker, C. W. (11) Crocq, Jean …
  • … Crookes, William (1) Cross, George (5) …
  • … Cupples, A. J. (2) Cupples, George (56) …
  • … Alexander (1) Dickie, George (3) …
  • … (1) Dobell, H. B. (11) Dobson, G. E. …
  • … (7) Farrar, F. W. (11) Farrer, T. H. …
  • … Fox, W. D. (225) Francis, George (1) …
  • … F. S. B. (10) Fraser, George (3) …
  • … Gibbons, W. H. S. (1) Gibbs, George (1) …
  • … Gordon, C. G. (1) Gordon, George (a) (3) …
  • … (280) Gray, G. R. (11) Gray, J. E. …
  • … Grenville, G. N. (1) Grey, George (3) …
  • … Grove, G. (1) Grove, George (1) …
  • … Gull, W. W. (1) Gulliver, George (3) …
  • … (1) Harvey, W. H. (11) Harward, John …
  • … (289) Hyatt, Alpheus (11) Hyndman, G. C. …
  • … (1) Lewes, G. H. (11) Lewin, Friend …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 21 hits

  • … regarding species change ( letter from Charles Lyell, 11 March 1863 ). The botanist Asa Gray, …
  • … by descent put him ‘into despair’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 11 May [1863] ). In the same letter, he …
  • … bottom of seas, lakes, and rivers ( Correspondence vol. 11, Appendix VII). Quarrels at …
  • … was gathering support in influential scientific circles. George Bentham devoted the first part of …
  • … could not satisfy himself on all points ( see letter from George Bentham, 21 April 1863 ). …
  • … on species, though so cleverly written’ ( letter to George Bentham, 19 June [1863] ). …
  • … the Severn Valley Naturalists Field Club ( see letter from George Maw, 19 February 1863 ). Other …
  • … Academy of Sciences, Berlin (see Correspondence vol. 11, Appendix III), and of the Société des …
  • … unsuccessful ( see letter from E. A. Darwin to Emma Darwin, 11 November [1863] ). The council of …
  • … Oliver for references on phyllotaxy, and setting his son George, the mathematician in the family, to …
  • … [9 May 1863] , and memorandum from G. H. Darwin, [before 11 May 1863]) . As he struggled …
  • … to drive the quietest man mad’ ( letter to Asa Gray, 11 May [1863] ). Hooker and Gray agreed …
  • … tropical plants than before (see Correspondence vol. 11, Appendix VI). He was fascinated with …
  • … a German botanist in Trinidad, and continued writing to George Henry Kendrick Thwaites, the director …
  • … pistils mature at different times ( see letter to Asa Gray, 11 May [1863] ). The fertility of …
  • … ‘Crossing & Sterility’ (see Correspondence vol. 11, Appendix II). When Darwin finished, by …
  • … noted in ‘Three forms of  Lythrum salicaria ’. George contributed his mathematical …
  • … animal suffering caused by them (see Correspondence vol. 11, Appendix IX). Francis Darwin later …
  • … Malvern Wells, Darwin stopped in London overnight to consult George Busk, former Hunterian Professor …
  • … that even writing the letter was ‘against rules’. George Busk had diagnosed Darwin as having …
  • … specialist at St Thomas’s Hospital, London ( letter from George Busk, [ c. 27 August 1863] ). …

Forms of flowers

Summary

Darwin’s book The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species, published in 1877, investigated the structural differences in the sexual organs of flowers of the same species. It drew on and expanded five articles Darwin had published on the…

Matches: 4 hits

  • Darwin began to receive remarks on his Primula paper. George Bentham confessed, ‘ Your
  • in several species of the genus Linum ’, between 11 and 21 December 1862. The paper was read at
  • be a gem ’. During this time, Darwin also took up Benthams suggestion to study the small
  • apetalous unopened flowers, like those of Viola , that Bentham had pointed out fifteen years

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 8 hits

  • … on 30 January 1868. In April 1868, Darwin informed George Bentham, ‘I am experimenting on a …
  • … of orchids are quite intelligible to me’ ( To George Bentham, 22 April 1868 ). A month later, he …
  • … I finish with this & get it published’ ( To Asa Gray, 11 March [1873] ). In April 1873, …
  • … heights would be useful. He asked his mathematician son George whether it would be ‘an easy …
  • … ( To G. H. Darwin, 8 January [1876] ). George explained the difficulties of lumping different …
  • … Most published reviews that appeared were also positive, but George Henslow, in his review in …
  • … as he wanted to make corrections for a new edition. On 11 December, Darwin sent corrected sheets to …
  • … repaged & the index a little altered’ ( To R. F. Cooke, 11 December [1877] ). These changes …

Darwin in letters, 1862: A multiplicity of experiments

Summary

1862 was a particularly productive year for Darwin. This was not only the case in his published output (two botanical papers and a book on the pollination mechanisms of orchids), but more particularly in the extent and breadth of the botanical experiments…

Matches: 12 hits

  • … gave him the commission ( see letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] ). Darwin was altogether …
  • … to make observations on American species. Hooker and George Bentham at Kew were also tapped …
  • … on  Linum  ‘at once’ ( letter to John Scott, 11 December [1862] ), writing up his experiments in …
  • …  book!’, wrote Daniel Oliver on 14 May, and George Bentham pronounced it ‘most valuable’ (letter …
  • … ). Moreover, it apparently worked. Gray told Darwin that George Bentham’s presidential address to …
  • … of Natural History’ ( letter to Armand de Quatrefages, 11 July [1862] ). She had had assistance …
  • … for a second edition ( letter from H. G. Bronn, [before 11 March 1862] ), Darwin asked him to use …
  • … see letter from E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 11 July 1862 ). Yet Darwin was now …
  • … interest. He told Hooker ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 11 September [1862] ): ‘This is a nice, but …
  • … his children to help with his botanical observations. George earned his father’s commendation for …
  • … some observations. William, with the help of his brothers George and Francis, who were staying with …
  • … from one parent’ ( letter to Armand de Quatrefages, 11 July [1862] ). really good …

Darwin in letters, 1868: Studying sex

Summary

The quantity of Darwin’s correspondence increased dramatically in 1868 due largely to his ever-widening research on human evolution and sexual selection.Darwin’s theory of sexual selection as applied to human descent led him to investigate aspects of the…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … in three parts in the  Pall Mall Gazette , was by George Henry Lewes, well-known in London’s …
  • … very fruitful. On 1 May , Darwin received a letter from George Cupples, who was encouraged to …
  • … the enthusiastic breeder, who apologised in a letter of 11–13 May 1868 for his ‘voluminuous zeal …
  • … Weir, 30 May [1868] ). Sexual selection On 11 February , Darwin wrote to the …
  • … views differed. Of deer-hounds, Cupples wrote between 11 and 13 May , ‘much depends on the …
  • … advice from the entomologist and librarian at Cambridge, George Robert Crotch, writing to his mother …
  • … Darwin passed Wallace’s pages over to his son George, now a Cambridge-trained mathematician, who …
  • … the expression of natives faces as I meet them,’ wrote George Henry Kendrick Thwaites on 1 April …
  • … for fellowship of the Linnean Society ( letter from George Bentham, [after 29 September 1868] ). …
  • … ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 1 September [1868], n. 11 ). ‘I am not sure’, Darwin reflected in a …
  • … now in life’. In January, the family learned the news that George’s performance on the mathematical …

Darwin in letters, 1861: Gaining allies

Summary

The year 1861 marked an important change in the direction of Darwin’s work. He had weathered the storm that followed the publication of Origin, and felt cautiously optimistic about the ultimate acceptance of his ideas. The letters from this year provide an…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … review published in the July issue of the  Zoologist  by George Maw, for example, singled out …
  • … the imperfection of the geological record ( see letter to George Maw, 19 July [1861] ). The …
  • … advanced from his inheritance. Negotiations with the banker George Atherley, partner in the …
  • … be ‘a form of typhus fever’ ( letter to J. D. Hooker, 11 May 1860 ). This hope was realised. By …
  • … of war. Darwin wrote, almost disbelievingly, to Gray on 11 December: ‘What a thing it is, that when …

Darwin in letters, 1864: Failing health

Summary

On receiving a photograph from Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July 1864: ‘the venerable beard gives the look of your having suffered, and … of having grown older’.  Because of poor health, Because of poor health, Darwin…

Matches: 9 hits

  • … Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July 1864 : ‘the venerable beard gives …
  • … continue his observations indoors ( Correspondence  vol. 11). In a letter of [27 January 1864] …
  • … family to collect specimens and make observations. His son George, who later studied mathematics at …
  • … insects; his correspondence with Gray, Philip Henry Gosse, George Chichester Oxenden, Friedrich …
  • … two letters to the  Athenæum  ( Correspondence  vol. 11). Darwin’s anxiety about the matter was …
  • … support for Darwin’s theory and his work on hybridity that George Bentham expressed in his …
  • … and the question of human origins ( Correspondence vol. 11). Wallace, however, traced a possible …
  • … of supporters on the Council, including Hugh Falconer and George Busk, who had nominated him, the …
  • … ill. In Darwin’s absence, the Copley Medal was received by George Busk and deposited with Darwin’s …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 26 hits

  • … 3v.] Hunter has written Quarto work on Physiology 11  besides the paper collected by Owen …
  • … 1831]. Book I. ch. 7 & Book II. Ch. 8. Book. VII. ch 8, 11. read 1 st . vol of Lamarck. …
  • … 1834b]. 9. Columbidæ (Pigeons.) [Selby 1835] 11. Ruminating Animals (Deer, Antelopes, …
  • … Grammont’s Memoirs [Gramont 1714] light & poor Nov 11. Bamford life of Radicle [Bamford …
  • … (in relation to Köelreuter) in Revue Horticole No 9–11 89  1853 [Lecoq 1853]. Reviewed in …
  • … Nat. Hist Zoologist [ Zoologist ] vols. before 11 & 12.— 106 Thumberg Travels …
  • … Life [Chesterton 1856] } [DAR *128: 159] Bentham has published list of Pyrenes …
  • … Notes to Jardine & Jesses Selbourne [E. Jesse ed. 1849] George’s Copy Aug. St. Hilaire. …
  • … Home Tour. (various parts) [G. Head 1837] good —— 11. Oersted’s Soul of Nature [Ørsted 1847] …
  • … L. Ossoy [Walpole 1848] 1 st  vol. —— History George III [Walpole 1845]. 1. vol. —— …
  • … . Esmond. by Thackeray [Thackeray 1852] (Poor) Nov. 11. Sir Hudson Lowe’s life and letters [H …
  • … Society of Bengal ]. Vol. I. (1832) 2. 3. 4. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. (1843). not much except Blyth. …
  • … 1852] [DAR 128: 7] 1854 Jan 11 th . Pulsky Red, Black & White …
  • … Tome I [DAR 128: 9] 1854 March 11 th . Comte Philosophie Positive G …
  • … on Commercial Law: [Stephen 1853] very good. May 11 th  Evelyn Diary [Evelyn 1827] 3 vols. …
  • … May 28 th . Delineations of the Ox Tribe &c by George Vasey. 1851 [Vasey 1851]. May 28. …
  • … 1841 . Oxford.  119: 13b Atkinson, Henry George and Martineau, Harriet. 1851.  Letters …
  • … etc.  2 vols. London.  *119: 12v. Bennett, George. 1860.  Gatherings of a naturalist in …
  • … . Edinburgh and London. [Other eds.] 128: 9 Bentham, George. 1826.  Catalogue des plantes …
  • … ou peu connues . Paris.  *128: 159 Berkeley, George. 1784.  The works of George Berkeley …
  • … [Abstract in DAR 71: 150–1.]  128: 18 Borrow, George Henry. 1843.  The Bible in Spain; or …
  • … sketches of statesmen who   flourished in the time of George III . 3 pts. London.  119: 21b …
  • … London. [Other eds.]  119: 3a Browne, William George. 1799.  Travels in Africa, Egypt and …
  • … and London.  119: 9a Bubb, afterwards Dodington, George. 1784.  The diary of the   late …
  • … atlases. Paris.  *119: 5v. [Bulwer-Lytton, Edward George Earle Lytton]. 1835.  Rienzi,   …
  • … which is prefixed a sketch of his life . Edited by George Bentham and John Lindley. London. *119: …