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Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 27 hits

  • in the vegetable kingdom , published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project
  • on plants with two or three different forms of flowers, Darwin had focused on the anatomical and
  • of different forms of pollen. Although many plants that Darwin observed had flowers with adaptations
  • rates, growth, and constitutional vigour. Although Darwin was no stranger to long months and years
  • … … is highly remarkableIn September 1866, Darwin announced to the American botanist
  • several years ( To Édouard Bornet, 1 December 1866 ). Darwin began a series of experiments, …
  • … ). It was only after a new season of experiments that Darwin would confirm that this poppy shed its
  • access to flowers was only the tip of the iceberg. Darwin next focused on the California
  • conditions’ ( From Fritz Müller, 1 December 1866 ). Darwins interest was piqued and he described
  • when self-fertilised, although fewer than crossed plants. Darwin sent some of these seeds to Müller, …
  • seeds of Ipomœa. I remember saying the contrary to you & M r  Smith at Kew. But the result is
  • on 30 January 1868. In April 1868, Darwin informed George Bentham, ‘I am experimenting on a
  • Visitors were astonished by his plants, he told Bentham, adding, ‘I always supposed until lately
  • of orchids are quite intelligible to me’ ( To George Bentham, 22 April 1868 ). A month later, he
  • I am already plagued by foreign Translators, Reviewers, &c.’ ( To John Murray, 4 May [1873] ). …
  • heights would be useful. He asked his mathematician son George whether it would bean easy
  • the self-fertilised’ ( To GHDarwin, 8 January [1876] ). George explained the difficulties of
  • equal value.’ ( From GHDarwin, [after 8 January 1876] ). It was his cousin, the statistician
  • introduction to the book ( To Francis Galton, 13 January [1876] ). Joseph Henry
  • on yet another experimental aspect of his work. In February 1876, he wrote to the agricultural
  • in a state of nature’ ( To J. H. Gilbert, 16 February 1876 ). Darwin wanted to try to remove all
  • soil to remove nutrients ( From JHGilbert, 4 March 1876 ). In June 1876, Darwin had supposedly
  • samples differed ( To Edward Frankland, [before 6 June 1876] ). The project proved to be too
  • am convinced that the book is of valueBy August 1876, the book had gone to press and
  • the set of all my works, I would suggest 1,500’ ( To R. F. Cooke, 16 September 1876 ). In the
  • of hybrids, has not yet been produced’ ( From ARWallace, 13 December 1876 ). No reply to this
  • Most published reviews that appeared were also positive, but George Henslow, in his review in

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 26 hits

  • At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of  The variation of
  • markedly, reflecting a decline in his already weak health. Darwin then began punctuating letters
  • am languid & bedeviled … & hate everybody’. Although Darwin did continue his botanical
  • letter-writing dwindled considerably. The correspondence and Darwins scientific work diminished
  • of the water-cure. The treatment was not effective and Darwin remained ill for the rest of the year. …
  • the correspondence from the year. These letters illustrate Darwins preoccupation with the
  • to mans place in nature  both had a direct bearing on Darwins species theory and on the problem
  • detailed anatomical similarities between humans and apes, Darwin was full of praise. He especially
  • in expressing any judgment on Species or origin of man’. Darwins concern about the popular
  • Lyells and Huxleys books. Three years earlier Darwin had predicted that Lyells forthcoming
  • first half of 1863 focused attention even more closely on Darwins arguments for species change. …
  • … ‘groan’ ( letter to Charles Lyell, 6 March [1863] ). Darwin reiterated in a later letter that it
  • of creation, and the origin of species particularly, worried Darwin; he told Hooker that he had once
  • letter to J. D. Hooker, 24[–5] February [1863] ). Darwin did not relish telling Lyell of his
  • sentence from the second edition of  Antiquity of man  (C. Lyell 1863b, p. 469), published in
  • was gathering support in influential scientific circles. George Bentham devoted the first part of
  • could not satisfy himself on all points ( see letter from George Bentham, 21 April 1863 ). …
  • on species, though so cleverly written’ ( letter to George Bentham, 19 June [1863] ). …
  • the Severn Valley Naturalists Field Club ( see letter from George Maw, 19 February 1863 ). Other
  • Oliver for references on phyllotaxy, and setting his son George, the mathematician in the family, to
  • a German botanist in Trinidad, and continued writing to George Henry Kendrick Thwaites, the director
  • noted inThree forms of  Lythrum salicaria ’. George contributed his mathematical
  • Malvern Wells, Darwin stopped in London overnight to consult George Busk, former Hunterian Professor
  • very slowly recovering, but am very weak’ ( letter to A. R. Wallace, [29 September? 1863] ). …
  • that even writing the letter wasagainst rules’. George Busk had diagnosed Darwin as having
  • specialist at St Thomass Hospital, London ( letter from George Busk, [ c. 27 August 1863] ). …

Darwin in letters, 1868: Studying sex

Summary

The quantity of Darwin’s correspondence increased dramatically in 1868 due largely to his ever-widening research on human evolution and sexual selection.Darwin’s theory of sexual selection as applied to human descent led him to investigate aspects of the…

Matches: 26 hits

  • …   On 6 March 1868, Darwin wrote to the entomologist and accountant John Jenner Weir, ‘If any
  • he ought to do what I am doing pester them with letters.’ Darwin was certainly true to his word. The
  • and sexual selection. In  Origin , pp. 8790, Darwin had briefly introduced the concept of
  • process. In a letter to Alfred Russel Wallace in 1864, Darwin claimed that sexual selection wasthe
  • to the stridulation of crickets. At the same time, Darwin continued to collect material on
  • his immediate circle of friends and relations. In July 1868 Darwin was still anticipating that his
  • which was devoted to sexual selection in the animal kingdom. Darwin described his thirst for
  • in January 1868. A final delay caused by the indexing gave Darwin much vexation. ‘My book is
  • Murray to intervene, complaining on 9 January , ‘M r . Dallasdelayis intolerableI am
  • in three parts in the  Pall Mall Gazette , was by George Henry Lewes, well-known in Londons
  • it was by Gray himself, but Darwin corrected him: ‘D r  Gray would strike me in the face, but not
  • … . It is a disgrace to the paper’ ( letter from A. R. Wallace, 24 February [1868] ). The review was
  • April 1868 . The letter was addressed tothe Rev d  C. Darwin M.d’; Binstead evidently assumed
  • very fruitful. On 1 May , Darwin received a letter from George Cupples, who was encouraged to
  • I did not see this, or rather I saw it only obs[c]urely, & have kept only a few references.’ …
  • as life he wd find the odour sexual!’ ( letter to A . R. Wallace, 16 September [1868] ). Francis
  • south of France to Sarah Elizabeth Wedgwood on 9 Novembe r, describing sphinx moths that were
  • question of theOrigin of Species”’ ( letter from A. R. Wallace, 4 October 1868 ). …
  • Darwin passed Wallaces pages over to his son George, now a Cambridge-trained mathematician, who
  • hands of the enemies of Nat. Selection’ ( letter from A. R. Wallace, 8 [April] 1868 ). …
  • mission stations in Victoria, Australia ( letter from R. B. Smyth, 13 August 1868 ); lengthy
  • the expression of natives faces as I meet them,’ wrote George Henry Kendrick Thwaites on 1 April
  • of her two-month old daughter Katherine ( letter from C. M. Hawkshaw to Emma Darwin, 9 February
  • for fellowship of the Linnean Society ( letter from George Bentham, [after 29 September 1868] ). …
  • rest mostly on faith, and on accumulation of adaptations, &c) … Of course I understand your
  • now in life’. In January, the family learned the news that Georges performance on the mathematical

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 26 hits

  • In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to
  • … (DAR 119) opens with five pages of text copied from Notebook C and carries on through 1851; the
  • used these notebooks extensively in dating and annotating Darwins letters; the full transcript
  • … *128). For clarity, the transcript does not record Darwins alterations. The spelling and
  • book had been consulted. Those cases where it appears that Darwin made a genuine deletion have been
  • a few instances, primarily in theBooks Readsections, Darwin recorded that a work had been
  • of the books listed in the other two notebooks. Sometimes Darwin recorded that an abstract of the
  • of working out his ideas on the transmutation of species. In 1876, long after this period of Darwin
  • to be Read [DAR *119: Inside Front Cover] C. Darwin June 1 st . 1838
  • … [DAR *119: 2v.] Whites regular gradation in man [C. White 1799] Lindleys
  • 8 vo  p 181 [Latreille 1819]. see p. 17 Note Book C. for reference to authors about E. Indian
  • in brutes Blackwood June 1838 [J. F. Ferrie 1838]. H. C. Watson on Geog. distrib: of Brit: …
  • … [Fellows 1839] Catherine 48 Life of Collins R.A. [Collins 1848] Phases of Faith
  • Life [Chesterton 1856] } [DAR *128: 159] Bentham has published list of Pyrenes
  • Notes to Jardine & Jesses Selbourne [E. Jesse ed. 1849] Georges Copy Aug. St. Hilaire. …
  • L. Ossoy [Walpole 1848] 1 st  vol. —— History George III [Walpole 1845]. 1. vol. —— …
  • May 28 th . Delineations of the Ox Tribe &c by George Vasey. 1851 [Vasey 1851]. May 28. …
  • 1841 . Oxford119: 13b Atkinson, Henry George and Martineau, Harriet. 1851Letters
  • etc.  2 vols. London.  *119: 12v. Bennett, George. 1860Gatherings of a naturalist in
  • … . Edinburgh and London. [Other eds.] 128: 9 Bentham, George. 1826Catalogue des plantes
  • ou peu connues . Paris.  *128: 159 Berkeley, George. 1784The works of George Berkeley
  • 1848Memoirs of the life of William   Collins, Esq., R.A.  2 vols. London.  *119: 23; 119: …
  • by Richard Owen.  Vol. 4 of  The works of John Hunter, F.R.S. with notes . Edited by James F. …
  • which is prefixed a sketch of his life . Edited by George Bentham and John Lindley. London. *119: …
  • Robert. 1843Memoirs of the life of John   Constable, R.A., composed chiefly of his letters. …
  • Peacock, George. 1855Life of Thomas Young, M.D., F.R.S.  London.  *128: 172; 128: 21