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List of correspondents

Summary

Below is a list of Darwin's correspondents with the number of letters for each one. Click on a name to see the letters Darwin exchanged with that correspondent.    "A child of God" (1) Abberley,…

Matches: 21 hits

  • … Below is a list of Darwin's correspondents with the number of letters for each one. …
  • …   "A child of God" (1) …
  • … (1) Admiralty, Lords of the (1) Agassiz, …
  • … J. L. (3) American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1) …
  • … Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (1) Annals and Magazine of Natural
  • … M. L. (1) Baxter, Payne, and Lepper (1) …
  • … Blytt, Axel (2) Board of the Treasury (minutes) (1) …
  • … Cecil, S. A. (1) Chairman of Highway Board (1) …
  • … Chance, Frank (3) Chancellor of the Exchequer (1) …
  • … (1) Council, Royal Society of London (1) …
  • … (19) Easton and Anderson (1) Eck, F. A. …
  • … (1) Geological Society of London (18) Gibb, …
  • … Houk, E. P. T. (1) House of Commons (1) …
  • … Jones, R. O. (1) Journal of Horticulture (15) …
  • … Lamont, James (4) Land and Water (1) …
  • … (23) Linnean Society, President and council (1) …
  • … Victor et fils (1) Master and Fellows, Caius College Cambridge …
  • … Artis Magistra (Artis). (1) Natural History Review (1) …
  • … Pozzi, S. J. (3) President and council, Linnean Society (1 …
  • … Sutton, S. (1) Swale and Wilson (1) …
  • … (1) secretary of Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (1) …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 14 hits

  • … In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to …
  • … a few odd entries, the record ends. Both notebooks consist of two different sections, headed ‘Books …
  • …  have used these notebooks extensively in dating and annotating Darwin’s letters; the full …
  • … Borealis [J. Richardson 1829–37] Entomological Magazine.—? paper on Geograph. range [Anon. …
  • … Flourens Edit [Flourens 1845] read L. Jenyns paper on Annals of Nat. Hist. [Jenyns 1838] …
  • … very good Endlicher has pub. in 1 st  vol of Annals of Vienna [Endlicher 1836]. sketch of S …
  • and Horticultural Society of India ] read Natural Hist Soc of Mauritius. published? [ …
  • … Society of London ].— [DAR *119: 8v.] A history of British Birds by W. …
  • … Naturelles ]. vols. (read) all Loudon’s Gardening Magazine [ Gardener's Magazine and
  • … ] Wernerian d[itt]o [ Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History   Society ]— read …
  • … Arthur Young has edited some Agricult. Journ [ Annals of Agriculture, and other useful arts ] …
  • … 8vo., 9 s . 6 d . [Knapp] 1838] Read Gleanings in Natural History. By Edward Jesse, …
  • … Memoirs ] Mag. of Zoology & Botany & continuation Annals of Natural History [ …
  • … work, which would be serviceable to me.— —— 23 Annals of Natural History [ Annals of Natural

Darwin in letters, 1860: Answering critics

Summary

On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s Origin of species, printing off another 3000 copies to satisfy the demands of an audience that surprised both the publisher and the author. It wasn't long, however, before ‘the…

Matches: 14 hits

  • … On 7 January 1860, John Murray published the second edition of Darwin’s  Origin of species , …
  • … ). By May, with the work continuing to sell well in England and with editions out in the United …
  • … to Asa Gray, 22 May [1860] ). Origin : reactions and reviews But it was the …
  • … geographical distribution, classification, homology, and embryology—which were inexplicable by the …
  • … Henry Fawcett in the December issue of  Macmillan’s Magazine . Fawcett asserted that Darwin’s …
  • … a ‘most serious omission’ in his book and explained how natural selection did not necessarily lead …
  • … knowing that Lyell was earnestly attempting to understand natural selection and incorporate it into …
  • … George Henry Kendrick Thwaites questioned Darwin about how natural selection could explain the …
  • … to questioning gradual versus saltatory species change, how natural selection could ever alter and
  • … naturalists simply did not yet understand the concept of natural selection. Even Huxley, an …
  • … in February in Thomas Vernon Wollaston’s review in the  Annals and Magazine of Natural History . …
  • … articles in Britain: the first article appeared in the Annals and Magazine of Natural History , …
  • … tenaciousness exhibited in all his undertakings in natural history, he tested the sensitivity of
  • … botanical work served as models for investigation in natural history, graphically illustrating the …

Darwin in letters, 1837–1843: The London years to 'natural selection'

Summary

The seven-year period following Darwin's return to England from the Beagle voyage was one of extraordinary activity and productivity in which he became recognised as a naturalist of outstanding ability, as an author and editor, and as a professional…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … return to England from the Beagle  voyage was one of extraordinary activity and productivity in …
  • … During these years he published two books—his  Journal of researches  and  The structure and
  • of a book on the volcanic islands visited during the voyage and had served as a Secretary and Vice …
  • … 'pencil sketch', based on a principle that he called ‘natural selection’. Seventeen more …
  • … separately as  Journal of researches into the geology and natural history of the various countries …
  • … had cut from Lyell’s originals for use in his work. Natural Selection Darwin is …
  • … does not appear to have told anyone about his hypothesis of natural selection, but this silence need …
  • … once or twice to explain to able men what I meant by natural selection, but signally failed’. …
  • … he also read a staggering number of works in all fields of natural history and during visits to …
  • … by his theory. What, for example, were the implications of natural selection for the traditional …
  • … time were discussed: what, for instance, was meant by a ‘natural’ system and by ‘levels’ or ‘values’ …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 14 hits

  • … At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of  The variation of
  • … write briefly’ ( letter to John Scott, 31 May [1863] ), and in a letter of 23 [June 1863] he …
  • … Darwin did continue his botanical pursuits over the summer, and persevered with his work on …
  • … Malvern Wells, Worcestershire, where he underwent a course of the water-cure. The treatment was not …
  • … line: ‘Light will be thrown on the origin of man and his history’ (p. 488). Since the publication of
  • … Lyell had thrown doubt on the significance of variation and natural selection, if only he could have …
  • … letter, he assured Gray that the essential question was not natural selection, but ‘ Creation   …
  • … When Falconer’s account of the elephant appeared in the  Natural History Review  in January, …
  • … by the subordinate agency of such causes as Variation and Natural Selection’. Darwin explained his …
  • … pleased with its positive approach to both transmutation and natural selection: ‘I verily believe …
  • … Bentham, 19 June [1863] ). the best book of Natural History Travels ever published …
  • … into a single sentence, namely that it is the best book of Natural History Travels ever published in …
  • of Bates on mimetic butterflies’) for the Natural History Review  ( see letter to H. W. Bates, …
  • … Hildebrand, to be published in the English journal Annals and Magazine of Natural History. In …

2.26 Linnean Society medal

Summary

< Back to Introduction In 1908 the Linnean Society celebrated the jubilee of ‘the greatest event’ in its whole history, which had occurred on 1 July 1858: the presentation by Charles Lyell and Joseph Hooker of papers by Darwin and Alfred Russel…

Matches: 10 hits

  • … In 1908 the Linnean Society celebrated the jubilee of ‘the greatest event’ in its whole history, …
  • … in the press. Wallace mounted the platform ‘amid a storm of cheering’, and expressed gratitude to …
  • … Galton, Ray Lankester, Eduard Strasburger, Ernst Haeckel and August Weismann – a member of the …
  • of a nonagenarian’ about ‘the most notable event in the Annals of Biology’ since the publication of
  • … but also to mark the close of a key chapter in scientific history: the Manchester Guardian …
  • … the book.  For Marion H. Spielmann, writing in the Magazine of Art in 1900, Frank Bowcher …
  • … put on show in 1908.   There is a photograph in the Natural History Museum (NHM 1456491, …
  • … medallist. With some comments on the medallic art’, Magazine of Art, 24 (1900), pp. 154–158. …
  • … Thomas Gage and William Thomas Stearn, A Bicentenary History of the Linnean Society of London …
  • … A Catalogue of Portraits, Paintings and Sculpture at the Natural History Museum, London (London: …

Darwin in letters, 1856-1857: the 'Big Book'

Summary

In May 1856, Darwin began writing up his 'species sketch’ in earnest. During this period, his working life was completely dominated by the preparation of his 'Big Book', which was to be called Natural selection. Using letters are the main…

Matches: 10 hits

  • … (‘Journal’; Appendix II). For the next two years and more, his working life was completely dominated …
  • … in expressing his views before a large scientific audience and anxious to ensure that his facts were …
  • … Still prominent in his immediate circle were Charles Lyell and Joseph Dalton Hooker, who were joined …
  • … to rely on the caustic yet considered botanical opinions of Hewett Cottrell Watson. Similarly—with …
  • … Huxley, at that time a somewhat precariously placed lecturer and palaeontologist in the School of
  • … source of information about his preoccupations during 1856 and 1857. They reveal little noticed …
  • … Asking questions; getting answers Since natural selection could not act without varieties to …
  • … point that variation, providing abundant raw material for natural selection, led to adaptation and
  • … way a direct competitor or about to pre-empt his views on natural selection. All the available …
  • and Darwin took this opportunity to explain his theory of natural selection to Lyell. Yet the …

Darwin in letters, 1864: Failing health

Summary

On receiving a photograph from Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July 1864: ‘the venerable beard gives the look of your having suffered, and … of having grown older’.  Because of poor health, Because of poor health, Darwin…

Matches: 16 hits

  • … on 11 July 1864 : ‘the venerable beard gives the look of your having suffered, andof having …
  • … after the long illness that had plagued him since the spring of 1863. Because of poor health, Darwin …
  • … month, Darwin began to consult William Jenner, professor of clinical medicine at University College, …
  • … seeds of  Lythrum , crossing cowslips with polyanthuses, and searching for specimens of the …
  • … Lythrum  (‘Three forms of  Lythrum salicaria ’) and sent it to the Linnean Society of London, …
  • … on the genus in 1862. His varied botanical observations and hybridising experiments continued …
  • … sequel to  On the origin of species by means of natural selection  ( Origin ) that he had set …
  • … been awarded the Copley Medal because it indicated that ‘Natural Selection [was] making some …
  • of a species by maintaining a level of variation upon which natural selection could act. In his …
  • … that Darwin’s writings had captured German students of natural philosophy, who read it ‘quasi a …
  • …  most pressingly’. Giving an account of how the theory of natural selection had been prefigured in …
  • … the passages in which he had indicated his support for natural selection. News from France …
  • … Paul Janet, who discussed  Origin , but accepted natural selection only under certain conditions. …
  • and Kölliker, published in the October issue of the  Natural History Review , argued that …
  • … zoologist Louis Agassiz, whose  Methods of study in natural history  began with a series of
  • … Darwin’s correspondence reveals that interest in the early history of humans and their predecessors …

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 8 hits

  • … The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom , published on 10 November …
  • … In his book, On the various contrivances by which British and foreign orchids are fertilised by …
  • … for those works had been limited to studying the structure of flowers and the physiological effects …
  • … botanist Asa Gray, ‘I have just begun a large course of experiments on the germination of the seed …
  • … 1 December 1866 ). Darwin’s interest was piqued and he described the case as ‘extremely curious’ ( …
  • … ). Müller, in turn, sent seeds from his plants to Darwin and both men continued to experiment, …
  • … ‘exotics’ was the sweet pea ( Lathyrus odoratus ), and in October 1867, Darwin wrote to James …
  • … ). In June 1876, Darwin had supposedly nutrient-free and natural soil samples analysed by Edward …

Satire of FitzRoy's Narrative of the Voyages of the Adventure and Beagle, by John Clunies Ross. Transcription by Katharine Anderson

Summary

[f.146r Title page] Voyages of the Adventure and Beagle Supplement / to the 2nd 3rd and Appendix Volumes of the First / Edition Written / for and in the name of the Author of those / Volumes By J.C. Ross. / Sometime Master of a…

Matches: 17 hits

  • … [ f.146r Title page ] Voyages of the Adventure and Beagle Supplement …
  • … Preface To part II or that intended for N o II of the foresaid works. By Captain Robert …
  • … consist of not less than three Volumes – similar in size and print to those of the first – each to …
  • of a humble toadyish follower – who would do the Natural History department – on my sole account …
  • … He was indeed – perhaps he still is – “very fond of Natural History” – but by way of ascertaining …
  • … Latitude – to maintain the water thereabouts about its' natural level” [ f.150r p.7 ] …
  • … much allowance must certainly be made for the very natural eagerness to get into Port – after a long …
  • of H.M.S. Blonde – some rather neat specimens of my "natural disposition" – but I am …
  • … to find out the explanation for myself. Of course – my natural disposition – could not doubt – that …
  • … by not only giving all that – but also a full and accurate history, of every sand-bank, every reef, …
  • … – and the Antarctic Seas be omitted – and with that History shall be given (besides ample …
  • … entitled an “Appendix” and contain the true and complete history of my most justly celebrated …
  • and (than that) I could not say less after reading the history of my paternal ancestry – and thereby …
  • … our own resources for obtaining amusement and in that my natural disposition stood me in good stead …
  • … do likewise as per the following – respecting Flinder’s history of his explorations of these …
  • … which Mr Ross was less likely to see – than the Nautical Magazine – to which it would otherwise have …
  • … the face of our declaration recorded many years ago, in the annals of Parliament – that “any amount …