My eminent Charles Darwin! | England.

I am very much obliged for your extremely kind letter of the 25^th October 1874.¹ I never vill forget yours testimonium for my working in the service of the science.

Adressated to J. E. Gray at London send I in this days another little broschure from the meeting at Kopenhague in the Year 1873. I have therei read on several cranes of Man from that so named stone-period, who, cranes I for several years toback have found hear in Bohusländ, circa 50 Engl. miles north from Göteborg.² In these paper have I especially spoken on the by me supposed using of the stone-instruments in the named period; but I have even at the pagina 2 touched that interesting fenomen by this crane, consisting, therin that the bone-masse is so extremely developed. My declaration on this fact is shortly this, that the named developement of the animal-facultes depend of that, that the Man at that time not have had artificial instruments for finer parting of the nourishments, no knife and fork.

For 33 years toback I was, send by the Academy of Sciences at Stockholm, 1$\frac{3}{4}$ years, winter and summer, in the northest Lappland, Enare and Utsjoki; there have I learned much, living with this relative unkultivated people; and therefore my reading on the use of the stone instruments in the earlier period of the kultur of Man.³

In the named sending will You even find a paper of my Sohn on the developement of Syngnathus, d: Siphonostoma typhle Yarr. Thise paper is his first opus, d: his dissertatio pro gradu philosophico.⁴ He is living here at Göteborg, as lector by the Realgymnasium. He has even his eyes opened for higher vues in the continuated workings of the nature; for Darwianismus! and every wher— who eyes hat, can not se the world from another side;⁵ and the chambre-philosophy in Germany will in short time only exist in the—tradition.

Have you read my observations (printed in the “Goteborgs Kgl. Vet. och Vitt. Samhalles Handlingar, part 8, Goteborg 1863, pag. 34) on the Scaeva ribesii Sc. topiaria and Sc. vitripennis, of wich the first named and of Linnéus as Musca ribesii is on of the most common diptera in our country.⁶ I have, by my studies on diptera and especially on Syrphica, quickly learned that a correct determinating of named “3 species” not in many cases were to bi found. By all my researches in the nature I every with data have significated all subjects. I have at least collected and preservated a tousand specimens of thise “3 species. At least clearned it up. Sceva ribesii is in our period the centrum and is the forma æstatis. Sceva vitripennis is the forma autumnalis and therfor lesser and not so higely colorated; Scaeva topiaria is at least the forma veris, for the intensity of ligth mor darkly colorated than the others and as common by diptera, ex. gr. Eristalis (spec. in temp. vernal. vigent.) with the eyes more dense hirti. Only exeptionaly Kan man find vitripennis and topiaria in the summer season.⁷ These facts are by my meaning of great value. But, that is thereby a common fact, that individuals, developed in dissimilar years-times, so much are diverging, that chambre-naturalist by mean of such fenomens are creating “god species”, figthing for an “illustrated name”, but not for the veracity. J’a, illustrious Darwin, when I was power to writing the english language I have many thing to tell you. My soul is from my first days open for the nature. The nature is the best book in the world, free from errata, but in many cases dificult in deschifrating, therefor, that oft are been deluded or deceived by printed books, in many cases dictated by a tradition, unknown for the scientia vera.⁸

Yours very sincerely | A. W. Malm.