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Darwin Correspondence Project

From Gaston de Saporta1   9 August 1878

Fonscolombe | par le Puy— Ste Réparade | (B. du Rhône)

le 9 aout 78

Monsieur et honoré confrère,

J’apprends aujourdhui par les journaux que vous avez été élu lundi dernier correspondant de la section de botanique à l’Académie des Sciences—2 Je suis trop heureux de cet événement et trop flatté de voir mon nom inscrit près du votre pour ne pas venir vous témoigner ma vive satisfaction— Je vois aussi qu’on ne m’avait pas trompé en m’annoncant les dispositions de l’Académie à votre égard— Je crois fermement que vos idées font un chemin immense et qu’elles triompheront bientôt dans la science à mesure que les traditions de l’Ecole de Cuvier achèveront de séffacer.3 Je crois aussi que les decouvertes et les observations iront en se multipliant d’année en années soit par l’étude de la nature vivante, soit par celle de la paléontologie— Mais dans le second de ces domaines, il faut ne pas vouloir de hâter et cheminer pas à pas.

Je continue dans ce moment l’examen des plus anciennes productions végétales à partir du silurien inférieur et j’acquiers la conviction que la vie organique était des lors ancienne et relativement complexe. Il devient visible de plus en plus que la végétation carbonifère et même précabonifère était divisée en deux portions presque égales de cryptogames vasculaires et de phanérogames gymnospermes— Ces Gymnospermes étaient même généralement plus élevées en structure que les survivantes de leur classe: les conifères et les Cycadées, et d’une façon générale lorsque un groupe ou une classe à décliné, les êtres de cette classe qui ont echappé, après qu’elle a eu perdu la préponderance, se rattachent à des rameaux inférieurs qui ont trouvé moyen de survivre en se soustrayant à la concurrence vitale.

La Souche gymnospermique d’où les Dicotylédones sont sorties, par suite d’une serie de combinaisons, a bien pu originairement se trouver inférieure aux autres types de gymnospermes— mais ceux-ci à raison même de leur perfection hâtiv ont dû succumber dans le combat pour la vie, lorsque les circonstances qui avaient favorisé leur estoc n’ont plus été les mêmes. J’ai développé ce point de vue dans un ouvrage sur le monde des plantes avant l’homme, actuellement sous presse et qui résume tout ce que j’ai écrit précédemment sur la marche de l’ancienne végétation conçue au point de vue de l’évolution. J’aurai l’honneur de vous offrir cet ouvrage dans peu de mois.4

Je vous prie d’agréer, Monsieur et honoré confrère, l’expression de mes sentiments | affectionants et devoués | Cte G. de Saporta

Je vais être à Paris pour un mois d’aout et septembre | Hôtel et quai Voltaire

Footnotes

For a translation of this letter, see Appendix I.
CD was elected a corresponding member of the botanical section of the Académie des sciences on 5 August 1878 (see letter from J.-B. Dumas and Joseph Bertrand, 5 August 1878 and n. 2).
In December 1877, Saporta had alerted CD to the fact that CD’s name was going to be proposed for membership in the botanical section of the Académie des sciences, and that CD’s election was very likely (see Correspondence vol. 25, letter from Gaston de Saporta, 16 December 1877). Saporta had been a corresponding member of the botanical section of the academy since 1876 (Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences 83 (1876): 43). For more on Georges Cuvier’s influence on French science in the nineteenth century, see Appel 1987.
Saporta’s book, Le monde des plantes avant l’apparition de l’homme (The world of plants before the appearance of man; Saporta 1879), was published in December 1878 (see letter to Gaston de Saporta, 22 December 1878). CD’s copy, inscribed, ‘A Monsieur Charles Darwin | Comme un hommage respectueux’, is in the Darwin Library–CUL.

Bibliography

Appel, Toby A. 1987. The Cuvier–Geoffroy debate: French biology in the decades before Darwin. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Correspondence: The correspondence of Charles Darwin. Edited by Frederick Burkhardt et al. 29 vols to date. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1985–.

Saporta, Gaston de. 1879. Le monde des plantes avant l’apparition de l’homme. Paris: G. Masson.

Translation

From Gaston de Saporta1   9 August 1878

Fonscolombe | par le Puy— Ste Réparade | (B. du Rhône)

9 August 78

Sir and honoured colleague,

I see today from the newspapers that you were elected last Monday as correspondent of the botanical section of the Academy of Sciences—2 I am more than happy about this occurrence and all too flattered to see my name written near yours not to show you my great satisfaction— I see too that I was not wrong in bringing the actions of the Academy to your attention— I believe firmly that your ideas are carving out a great path and that they will soon triumph in science as the traditions of the school of Cuvier disappear completely.3 I believe too that discoveries and observations will go on multiplying from year to year whether through the study of living nature, or through that of palaeontology— But in the second of these areas, one must not want to rush, but to advance step by step.

I am continuing at the moment to examine the most ancient vegetable productions from the lower Silurian onward and I have become convinced that organic life was from then on old and relatively complex. It is ever more clear that carboniferous and even precarboniferous vegetation was divided into two almost equal groups of vascular cryptogams and of gymnospermous phanerogams— These gymnosperms were also generally higher in structure than the surviving members of their class: the conifers and the cycads, and in a general sense when one group or class has declined, the beings of this class who escaped, after it had lost predominance, were linked to the lower branches who found a way to live on by avoiding the struggle for survival.

The gymnospermous lineage from which dicotyledons originated, as a result of a series of stratagems, may well have been originally found lower than other types of gymnosperms—but these, by the very reason of their premature perfection had to succumb in the struggle for life, when the circumstances that favoured their stock were not the same. I developed this viewpoint in a work on the world of plants before man, currently in press and which summarises all that I have previously written on the progress of ancient vegetation understood from the point of view of evolution. I will have the honour to offer you this work in a few months.4

I beg you to accept, Sir and honoured colleague, my affectionate and faithful regards | Cte G. de Saporta

I will be in Paris for a month in August and September | Hotel and quay Voltaire

Footnotes

For a transcription of this letter in its original French, see Transcript.
CD was elected a corresponding member of the botanical section of the Académie des sciences on 5 August 1878 (see letter from J.-B. Dumas and Joseph Bertrand, 5 August 1878 and n. 2).
In December 1877, Saporta had alerted CD to the fact that CD’s name was going to be proposed for membership in the botanical section of the Académie des sciences, and that CD’s election was very likely (see Correspondence vol. 25, letter from Gaston de Saporta, 16 December 1877). Saporta had been a corresponding member of the botanical section of the academy since 1876 (Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences 83 (1876): 43). For more on Georges Cuvier’s influence on French science in the nineteenth century, see Appel 1987.
Saporta’s book, Le monde des plantes avant l’apparition de l’homme (The world of plants before the appearance of man; Saporta 1879), was published in December 1878 (see letter to Gaston de Saporta, 22 December 1878). CD’s copy, inscribed, ‘A Monsieur Charles Darwin | Comme un hommage respectueux’, is in the Darwin Library–CUL.

Bibliography

Appel, Toby A. 1987. The Cuvier–Geoffroy debate: French biology in the decades before Darwin. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Correspondence: The correspondence of Charles Darwin. Edited by Frederick Burkhardt et al. 29 vols to date. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1985–.

Saporta, Gaston de. 1879. Le monde des plantes avant l’apparition de l’homme. Paris: G. Masson.

Summary

Congratulations on election to the French Academy of Sciences, Botany Section.

Letter details

Letter no.
DCP-LETT-11648
From
Louis Charles Joseph Gaston (Gaston) de Saporta, comte de Saporta
To
Charles Robert Darwin
Sent from
Fonscolombe
Source of text
DAR 177: 36
Physical description
ALS 3pp (French)

Please cite as

Darwin Correspondence Project, “Letter no. 11648,” accessed on 24 April 2024, https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-11648.xml

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