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Darwin Correspondence Project

To G. H. K. Thwaites   20 June [1862]1

Down. | Bromley. | Kent. S.E.

June 20th

My dear Mr Thwaites

By an odd chance, two days before receiving your letter of May 15th I wrote to you on Primula.—2

I am particularly glad to hear of Sethia. Menyanthes is said to be dimorphic like Primula; so I am not surprised at Limnanthemum;3 it will be a curious point to compare Villarsia (I have been blundering, I fancied Villarsia was diœcious.) with Menyanthes, if I can make out any difference in fertility in the two of Menyanthes.4 Have you any Malpighiaceæ? if so, I very much wish you would mark the imperfect flowers & see if they set seed.— Also whether they are closed, & whether the pollen-tubes are emitted from the pollen-grains within the anthers & then penetrate the stigma.— This is the case in the imperfect flowers of Viola & Oxalis.—5

Many thanks for your Governor’s letter: you do not say whether I am to return it, so I will keep it till I hear.—6

In Haste, pray believe me | yours very sincerely | Ch. Darwin—

I suppose it would be too troublesome for you to mark 12 a dozen plants of the two forms Limnanthemum & count the capsules, & compare the produce of seed by weighing or counting.— I suspect the dimorphism of Primula is often, (though not at all necessarily) the high-road to diœciousness.7

Footnotes

The year is established by the relationship to the letter from G. H. K. Thwaites, 15 May 1862.
In his letter of 15 May 1862, Thwaites reported that he had just read CD’s paper, ‘Dimorphic condition in Primula, and that he had noticed the same phenomenon in the genera Sethia and Limnanthemum.
In Forms of flowers, p. 116, CD noted that the genera Menyanthes, Limnanthemum, and Villarsia constituted ‘a well-marked sub-tribe of the Gentianeæ’ and that all the species, as far as was then known, were ‘heterostyled’. CD had been anxious to see specimens of Menyanthes since he had learned earlier in the year that it was dimorphic (see letter to C. C. Babington, 20 January [1862], and letter from C. W. Crocker, 13 March 1862); he had recently acquired a short-styled specimen from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (see letter to J. D. Hooker, 9 [April 1862] and n. 3). See also letter from G. H. K. Thwaites, 15 May 1862, CD annotations.
For CD’s interest in Viola and Oxalis, see also the letters to Daniel Oliver, 12 [April 1862] and 15 April [1862], the letter to J. D. Hooker, 30 May [1862], and the letter to Alphonse de Candolle, 17 June [1862].
See the enclosure to the letter from G. H. K. Thwaites, 15 May 1862. Charles Justin MacCarthy was the governor of Ceylon.

Bibliography

Collected papers: The collected papers of Charles Darwin. Edited by Paul H. Barrett. 2 vols. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. 1977.

‘Dimorphic condition in Primula’: On the two forms, or dimorphic condition, in the species of Primula, and on their remarkable sexual relations. By Charles Darwin. [Read 21 November 1861.] Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society (Botany) 6 (1862): 77–96. [Collected papers 2: 45–63.]

Forms of flowers: The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1877.

Summary

Asks for information concerning heterostyled and dioecious plants.

Letter details

Letter no.
DCP-LETT-3613
From
Charles Robert Darwin
To
George Henry Kendrick Thwaites
Sent from
Down
Source of text
American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.280)
Physical description
ALS 4pp

Please cite as

Darwin Correspondence Project, “Letter no. 3613,” accessed on 7 May 2024, https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-3613.xml

Also published in The Correspondence of Charles Darwin, vol. 10

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