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Darwin Correspondence Project

From Thomas Vernon Wollaston   [16 September 1860]1

– The whole of last winter was employed in finishing off Madeiran novelties;2

so that the 50.000 Canarians are as yet almost untouched!—3 Yet in spite of this, I have once or twice been foolish enough to picture to myself the unknown treasures of the Cape de Verdes (wh. I am aching to know something about), & have even contemplated the possibility of making a desperate rush for Fogo,—wh. I feel convinced is but an outlying detached portion of the great Central African Chain, cut off from the mainland by a series of those horrible convulsions to which you have such a violent objection,—tho‘ heaven only knows why.—4 However I believe that my day-dreams (half-hatched) will (& ought to) end in smoke; & that I shall settle down like a Christian to my winter’s work in sober earnest when this Cape de Verdian panic has blown over.—

I have had some curious geographical facts made known within the last few days, touching my Atlantic forms, which have puzzled me beyond measure & await further explanation.—   A large & interesting batch of S. African specimens just brought home fr. the Cape of Good Hope by my friend Bewicke5 contains a heap of my Atlantic genera, of the most peculiar types, wh. I had found in Madeira & the Canaries!!—such as Tarphius (the most eminently Atlantic form), Europs (an anomalous Euphorbia-feeder), & the nearly-blind Cossyphodes! (these out of a single tube; there is no telling how many more the 22 others will disclose).— — Hence (as far as is known) Tarphius has one representative in Sicily, 18 in Madeira, 7 in the Canaries, & 1 at the Cape!—   (No doubt there would be 20 more at the C. de Verdes, & 5 or 6 in the Azores).—

I was not aware that Hooker had gone to Syria; he will certainly be massacred unless he turns Moslem,—wh perhaps however he intends to do, by way of another step gained? in the high-road of Development. How they have been pitching into you, to be sure!—   I only wonder you are alive to tell the tale, & admire your pluck in proportion as I detest your Theory.—6 I read the Bishop’s notice in the Quarterly7 (it was lent me by his great friend Sir Charles Anderson),8 & chuckled over it beyond measure,—for I really did not think it ill-natured, though full of fun & caustic allusions which could not do you any harm.

You know I & Sam9 agree wonderfully well in most things, so that you will not be surprised that I assented to his reasoning (in which I hold him very high). A naturalist he is not, & does not profess to be; nevertheless it did not strike me that there was anything even in his facts to which

CD annotations

1.1 The … over.— 1.11] crossed brown crayon
2.1 I have … Azores).— 2.11] ‘19’10 added brown crayon, circled brown crayon
2.7 nearly-blind Cossyphodes!] underl brown crayon
2.8 Hence … Azores).— 2.11] ‘Mem. S African genera of Plants— Fernando Po plants | Highlands of Africa plants’11 added pencil
3.1 I was … to which 4.4] crossed brown crayon
Top of letter: ‘Sept 16th. 1860— Wollaston’ ink

Footnotes

The date is taken from CD’s annotation.
In 1857, Wollaston gave his collection of Madeiran Coleoptera to the British Museum and prepared a catalogue of the collection (Wollaston 1857). From 1858 to 1862, he contributed a series of papers to the Annals and Magazine of Natural History on the new species found since the initial catalogue was prepared.
Wollaston described the British Museum’s collection of coleopterous insects from the Canary Islands, collected by himself and others, in Wollaston 1864.
CD had criticised Wollaston’s assumption in Wollaston 1854 that the islands of the Madeira group were connected to continental Europe in the Miocene period (see Correspondence vol. 6, especially letter to Charles Lyell, 16 [June 1856], and letter from T. V. Wollaston, [27 June 1856]).
In Wollaston’s papers on Madeiran beetles published in the Annals and Magazine of Natural History (see n. 2, above), he stated that many had been collected by his friend Calverley Bewicke of Palmeira, near Funchal, Madeira.
Wollaston harshly criticised Origin in a review published anonymously in the Annals and Magazine of Natural History ([Wollaston] 1860). CD’s copy of the review is in the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL.
Charles Henry John Anderson and Samuel Wilberforce had been students together at Oriel College, Oxford.
The number of CD’s portfolio of notes on the geographical distribution of animals.
CD’s annotation refers to Wollaston’s information about the geographical distribution of Tarphius. CD apparently intended to consider the problem in relation to the distribution of African plants, particularly the migration of species from north to south during the worldwide cold period.

Bibliography

Correspondence: The correspondence of Charles Darwin. Edited by Frederick Burkhardt et al. 29 vols to date. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1985–.

Origin: On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859.

[Wilberforce, Samuel.] 1860. [Review of Origin.] Quarterly Review 108: 225–64.

Wollaston, Thomas Vernon. 1854. Insecta Maderensia; being an account of the insects of the islands of the Madeiran group. London: John van Voorst.

Wollaston, Thomas Vernon. 1857. Catalogue of the coleopterous insects of Madeira in the collection of the British Museum. London: By order of the Trustees.

[Wollaston, Thomas Vernon]. 1860a. Review of Origin of species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 3d ser. 5: 132–43. Reprinted in Hull 1973, pp. 127–40. [Vols. 6,7,8]

Wollaston, Thomas Vernon. 1864. Catalogue of the coleopterous insects of the Canaries in the collection of the British Museum. London: By order of the Trustees.

Summary

Has received a batch of S. African specimens which contain many of the Atlantic genera he found in Madeira and the Canaries.

Letter details

Letter no.
DCP-LETT-2919
From
Thomas Vernon Wollaston
To
Charles Robert Darwin
Sent from
unstated
Source of text
DAR 205.3: 302
Physical description
AL inc †

Please cite as

Darwin Correspondence Project, “Letter no. 2919,” accessed on 21 May 2024, https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-2919.xml

Also published in The Correspondence of Charles Darwin, vol. 8

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