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Darwin Correspondence Project

From Francisco de Arruda Furtado1   17 August 1881

Ile S. Michel (Açores)

17 août | 1881

Mr. Charles Darwin

Monsieur

Guidé par vos instructions bienveillantes, j’ai fait deux petites excursions d’essai aux sommets de deux montagnes: Serra Gorda—480m, et Pico da Cruz (Pico da Pedra de la carte Vidal), 384m.2 J’ai préparé de⁠⟨⁠ux⁠⟩⁠ petits herbiers sur la végétation de ⁠⟨⁠ces⁠⟩⁠ sommets, qui, quoique bien au dessous d’une hauteur remarquable, présenteront peut-être quelque chose intéressante à des yeux convenables. Si vous, Monsieur, les jugerez dign⁠⟨⁠es⁠⟩⁠ d’interet vous serez assez bienveillan⁠⟨⁠t⁠⟩⁠ pour m’indiquer la personne à qui je dois avoir l’honneur de les communiquer.

J’ai recueilli aussi quelques insectes et mollusques terrestres. Sur le Pico da Cruz l’Helix aspersa m’a presente des particularités de coloration et de rigidité musculaire qui me semblent être l’effet de la nourriture et du manque l’humidité convenable, et constituer un premier pas pour une variété locale. J’ai preparé une petite notice pour une Revue de Lisbonne, sur ce petit sujet.3

Maintenant je remarque que ⁠⟨⁠j’a⁠⟩⁠i oublié de vous remercier l’indication que vous avez bien voulu me donner sur les ouvrages de Wallace. Je connaissais seulement ses idées d’après votre livre “Or. of Sp.”, et il y a quelques jours j’ai vu dans un catalogue son ouvrage sur la distr. geogr.4 Malheureusement son prix est pour moi si élevé qu’il me sera impossible de les posséder.

J’ai fait ordonner au conservateur de notre phare de Nordeste de examiner l’enceinte du phare après les orages et j’ai aussi recommmandé à quelques chasseurs de m’envoyer toutes les jambes et becs, au moins, d’oiseaux de passage.5 J’ai l’espoir d’en obtenir quelque chose utile.

Veuillez agréer, Monsie⁠⟨⁠ur,⁠⟩⁠ la nouvelle assurance de m⁠⟨⁠on⁠⟩⁠ éternelle reconnaissance et pardonnez moi tous les dérangements que je vous cause

Arruda Furtado.

Footnotes

For a translation of this letter, see Appendix I.
See letter to Francisco de Arruda Furtado, 3 and 6 July 1881. Serra Gorda and Pico da Cruz are mountains on the island of São Miguel in the Azores. Alexander Thomas Emeric Vidal had surveyed the Azores between 1841 and 1846 (ODNB).
Helix is a genus of land snails; Helix aspersa is a synonym of Cornu aspersum, the garden snail. The article was Arruda Furtado 1881b. On Arruda Furtado’s work on Azorean molluscs and gastropods, see Felismino et al. 2016, pp. 153–8.
In his letter of 3 and 6 July 1881, CD had recommended Alfred Russel Wallace’s works on geographical distribution, Geographical distribution (Wallace 1876) and Island life (Wallace 1880a). CD mentioned Wallace’s work on species and geographical distribution in Origin, pp. 1–2, 355.
Nordeste is a municipality in the north-east of São Miguel island. CD had suggested examining the birds’ feet, beaks, and alimentary canals for seeds (letter to Francisco de Arruda Furtado, 3 and 6 July 1881).

Bibliography

Arruda Furtado, Francisco d’. 1881b. Pequenas contribuições para o estudo da origem das espécies malacológicas terrestres das ilhas dos Açores. Sobre alguns exemplares de ‘Helix aspersa’ Mull. recolhidas em paragens elevadas e áridas da ilha de S. Miguel. Era Nova 1 (1880–1): 548–52.

Felismino, David et al. 2016. The power of islands and of discipleship: Francisco de Arruda Furtado (1854–1887) and the making of a disciple of Darwin. History of Science 54: 138–68.

Origin: On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859.

Wallace, Alfred Russel. 1876a. The geographical distribution of animals, with a study of the relations of living and extinct faunas as elucidating the past changes of the earth’s surface. 2 vols. London: Macmillan and Co.

Wallace, Alfred Russel. 1880a. Island life: or, the phenomena and causes of insular faunas and floras, including a revision and attempted solution of the problem of geological climates. London: Macmillan.

Translation

From Francisco de Arruda Furtado1   17 August 1881

Ile S. Michel (Açores)

17 August | 1881

Mr. Charles Darwin

Sir

Guided by your kind instructions, I have made two small trial excursions to the summits of two mountains: Serra Gorda—480m, and Pico da Cruz (Pico da Pedra on Vidal’s map), 384m.2 I have prepared two little herbariums on the vegetation of these summits, which, although well below any remarkable height, will perhaps offer something interesting to knowledgeable eyes. If you, sir, judge this worthy of interest will you be kind enough to inform me of someone to whom I should have the honour to communicate it.

I have also collected some insects and land molluscs. On Pico da Cruz the Helix aspersa has presented to me some peculiarities of coloration and muscular rigidity which seem to me to be the effect of diet and of the lack of proper moisture, and to constitute the first step towards a local variety. I have prepared a short article for a Review in Lisbon, on this little topic.3

Now I notice that I have forgotten to thank you for the reference you have been so kind as to give me to the works of Wallace. I only knew of his ideas from your book “Or. of Sp.”, and a few days ago I saw in a catalogue his work on geogr. distr.4 Unfortunately the price is so high for me that it will be impossible for me to own it.

I have instructed the keeper of our lighthouse at Nordeste to examine the surroundings of the lighthouse after storms and I have also suggested to some hunters that they send me all the legs and beaks, at least, of birds of passage.5 I hope that I will obtain something useful from that.

Please accept, Sir, renewed assurance of my eternal gratitude and forgive all the inconvenience I am causing you

Arruda Furtado.

Footnotes

For a transcription of this letter in its original French, see Transcript.
See letter to Francisco de Arruda Furtado, 3 and 6 July 1881. Serra Gorda and Pico da Cruz are mountains on the island of São Miguel in the Azores. Alexander Thomas Emeric Vidal had surveyed the Azores between 1841 and 1846 (ODNB).
Helix is a genus of land snails; Helix aspersa is a synonym of Cornu aspersum, the garden snail. The article was Arruda Furtado 1881b. On Arruda Furtado’s work on Azorean molluscs and gastropods, see Felismino et al. 2016, pp. 153–8.
In his letter of 3 and 6 July 1881, CD had recommended Alfred Russel Wallace’s works on geographical distribution, Geographical distribution (Wallace 1876) and Island life (Wallace 1880a). CD mentioned Wallace’s work on species and geographical distribution in Origin, pp. 1–2, 355.
Nordeste is a municipality in the north-east of São Miguel island. CD had suggested examining the birds’ feet, beaks, and alimentary canals for seeds (letter to Francisco de Arruda Furtado, 3 and 6 July 1881).

Bibliography

Arruda Furtado, Francisco d’. 1881b. Pequenas contribuições para o estudo da origem das espécies malacológicas terrestres das ilhas dos Açores. Sobre alguns exemplares de ‘Helix aspersa’ Mull. recolhidas em paragens elevadas e áridas da ilha de S. Miguel. Era Nova 1 (1880–1): 548–52.

Felismino, David et al. 2016. The power of islands and of discipleship: Francisco de Arruda Furtado (1854–1887) and the making of a disciple of Darwin. History of Science 54: 138–68.

Origin: On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1859.

Wallace, Alfred Russel. 1876a. The geographical distribution of animals, with a study of the relations of living and extinct faunas as elucidating the past changes of the earth’s surface. 2 vols. London: Macmillan and Co.

Wallace, Alfred Russel. 1880a. Island life: or, the phenomena and causes of insular faunas and floras, including a revision and attempted solution of the problem of geological climates. London: Macmillan.

Summary

Has been collecting on the mountain summits and wants someone with whom to communicate about plants.

Letter details

Letter no.
DCP-LETT-13289
From
Francisco de Arruda Furtado
To
Charles Robert Darwin
Sent from
Azores
Source of text
DAR 159: 114d
Physical description
ALS 3pp (French) damaged

Please cite as

Darwin Correspondence Project, “Letter no. 13289,” accessed on 30 May 2024, https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-13289.xml

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