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Darwin Correspondence Project

From E. E. Klein   14 May 1874

The Brown Institution, | Wandsworth Road, S.W.

May 14. 1874.

Dear Mr. Darwin,

I have examined the three bits you have been kind enough to send me;1 this is the result of my examination: In No. 2 there was extremely little de-calcified of the enamal, of the dentine only that part that is nearest to the free edge of the preparation and farthest away from the enamel. In No. 3 a great deal of enamel decalcified, of dentine the greater part. In No. 8 there was less than half of the enamel de-calcified and appearently also less than in No. 3, but the greater part of the dentine.

In general the enamel is most de-calcified at the edge, whence tracts of de-calcified tissue extend towards the depth of the enamel; the dentine is best de-calsified nearest to the edge and where it is thinnest.

The structure of both the enamel and the dentine is in no way altered.2

The examined bits were taken from a canine tooth of a dog.

I have asked Dr. Sanderson as regards the action of gastric juice on tooth-substance and he told me he is going to make the necessary experiments.3

Bones of the skull of a cat subjected to artificial digestion for about a week, about which, as I suppose, Dr. Sanderson has already written to you, were seen to be de-calcified and to become broken up into their lamellae and fragments of very minute size, up to such small fragments just visible for the naked eye. The larger lamellae were completely or partially cracked, each such territory comprising a greater or smaller number of Haversian systems of bone lamellae. In those fragments that were large enough to be examined microscopically there was no structural change, except that I fancy that at the edges of the fragments the bone matrix appeared to be rarified, thus producing the appearance as if the canaliculi of the bone corpuscles had become larger. Otherwise the bone corpuscles and their canaliculi were very distinct.4

Taking the liberty of saying that it gives me the greatest pleasure if I can assist you in any way, | I am, dear Sir, yours | very sincerely | E. Klein.

CD annotations

1.2 No. 2] underl blue crayon
1.4 No. 3] underl blue crayon
1.5 No. 8] underl blue crayon
1.6 No. 3,] underl blue crayon
2.1 In general … dog. 4.1] scored blue crayon
6.6 In those] after opening square braket blue crayon
End of letter: ‘Not so much decalcified as bones fibrous basis not affected— Premise that both *enamel & dentine [interl] softened so they could be pressed & penetrated by needle.—’

Footnotes

See letter to J. S. Burdon Sanderson, 5 May [1874], and letter from J. S. Burdon Sanderson, 12 May [1874]. Klein worked under John Scott Burdon Sanderson at the Brown Institute, University of London. The ‘bits’ were thin transverse slices of the canine tooth of a dog sent to CD by Klein to perform digestion experiments with Drosera (sundew). Three out of four were sent back to Klein for microscopical observation (Insectivorous plants, pp. 106). No previous correspondence with Klein has been found.
The results of CD’s experiments with enamel and dentine, and Klein’s microscopical observations (see n. 1, above), are reported in Insectivorous plants, pp. 106–8.
CD described Burdon Sanderson’s experiments with gastric juice and dentine in Insectivorous plants, p. 108.
Klein’s experiments with bones from the skull of a cat are described in Insectivorous plants, p. 108.

Bibliography

Insectivorous plants. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1875.

Summary

Reports on his examination of the effects of Drosera secretion on tooth enamel and dentine, and of artificial gastric juice on fibrous basis of bone.

Letter details

Letter no.
DCP-LETT-9460
From
Edward Emanuel Klein
To
Charles Robert Darwin
Sent from
Brown Institution
Source of text
DAR 58.1: 53
Physical description
ALS 2pp †

Please cite as

Darwin Correspondence Project, “Letter no. 9460,” accessed on 19 April 2024, https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-9460.xml

Also published in The Correspondence of Charles Darwin, vol. 22

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