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Darwin Correspondence Project
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From C. J. F. Bunbury to Charles Lyell   20 February 1866

Summary

Discusses CD’s and J. D. Hooker’s letters to Lyell concerning Louis Agassiz’s theory of the glaciation of the Amazon basin in Brazil.

Author:  Charles James Fox Bunbury, 8th baronet
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  20 Feb 1866
Classmark:  F. J. Bunbury ed. 1891–3, Later life 1: 144–7
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5011F

Matches: 8 hits

  • … be indicated by the distribution of temperate species in the mountains of eastern and …
  • … Bunbury’s journal entry acknowledged that temperate species of Gaultheria , Gaylussacia , …
  • … which he quotes, as instances of the occurrence of temperate forms on the Organ mountains; …
  • … he seems to consider as a “temperate” genus every genus which …
  • … is found at all in temperate climates, and here I think him mistaken. I think I mentioned …
  • … from Hooker has not been found. For the ‘temperate’ genera mentioned by CD as occurring on …
  • … Hypericum , Drosera , and Habenaria as ‘temperate’ genera (see letter to Charles Lyell, 7  …
  • … on the Organ mountains in Brazil were not temperate species, but members of the tropical …

To Charles Lyell   7 February [1866]

Summary

Discussion of Mrs Agassiz’s letter [to Mary Lyell, forwarded to CD] regarding S. American glacial action,

with comments on Bunbury’s letter on temperate plants.

Refers to opinions of Agassiz, David Forbes, Hooker, and CD on glacial period and glaciers.

Wishes he had published a long chapter on glacial period [Natural selection, pp. 535–66] written ten years ago.

Tells of death of his sister, Catherine, and other family matters.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  7 Feb [1866]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.312)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4999

Matches: 11 hits

  • … with comments on Bunbury’s letter on temperate plants. Refers to opinions of Agassiz, …
  • … My wonder was how any, even so few, temperate forms reached the mountains of Brazil; & I …
  • … the marks of glacial action. For some temperate genera of plants viz Vaccineum, Andromeda, …
  • … as Glacial action. That there are not more temperate plants can be accounted for by the …
  • … discovered of the identity of so many temperate plants on the summit of Fernando Po & on …
  • … are not considered by him, as usually temperate forms, I am of course silenced; but Hooker …
  • … marks of glacial action. CD believed that temperate plants retreated to mountains in the …
  • … the Cape of Good Hope, and in parts of temperate Australia.... But the great fact to bear …
  • … close relationship existed between the temperate flora of Fernando Po, growing above 5000  …
  • … in character. CD refers here to the temperate genera listed in the third paragraph of the …
  • … s information to argue that ‘Those few temperate forms which were able to penetrate the …

To Charles Lyell   26 April [1858]

Summary

Comments on letter from Georg Hartung to CL dealing with erratic boulders.

Discusses migration of plants and animals.

A letter from Thomas Thomson on heat endured by temperate plants.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  26 Apr [1858]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.151)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2262

Matches: 2 hits

  • … of plants and animals. A letter from Thomas Thomson on heat endured by temperate plants. …
  • … as he is making out for me what heat our temperate plants can endure. — But it is too long …

To Charles Lyell   15 February [1866]

Summary

Thanks CL for Hooker’s letter.

Discussion of Hooker’s views on glacial action and temperature with specific reference to S. America.

His squabbles with Hooker on transport of seeds via water currents,

temperate plants, and preservation of tropical plants during cooler period.

Expresses interest in seeing Agassiz’s letter.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  15 Feb [1866]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.313)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-5007

Matches: 3 hits

  • … on transport of seeds via water currents, temperate plants, and preservation of tropical …
  • … mountains of Brazil, some few European temperate, some antarctic, and some Andean genera …
  • … concerning the possible migration of temperate species across the equator during a former …

To Charles Lyell   [3 October 1846]

Summary

Discusses A. C. Ramsay’s article ["On the denudation of South Wales", Mem. Geol. Surv. G. B. 1 (1846)]. Mentions his own paper ["Volcanic phenomena in South America", Collected papers 1: 53–86]. Emphasises that sedimentary deposits are not ordinarily preserved.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  [3 Oct 1846]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.50)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1004

Matches: 2 hits

  • … British Secondary strata indicated a cool or temperate climate. This conclusion seemed to …
  • … evidence for the continued existence of a temperate highland region existing side by side …

From Charles James Fox Bunbury to Charles Lyell   3 February 1866

Summary

Discusses Louis Agassiz’s theory of the glaciation of Brazil.

Author:  Charles James Fox Bunbury, 8th baronet
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  3 Feb 1866
Classmark:  F. J. Bunbury ed. 1891–3, Later life 1: 134–6.
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4995F

Matches: 2 hits

  • … equatorial area had been a retreat for temperate species during the ice age ( Origin , …
  • … of geographical distribution and the retreat of temperate species to the equatorial region …

To Charles Lyell   29 [December 1859]

Summary

Encloses letter concerning Edward Blyth’s application for a position with the China expedition.

Mentions reviews of the Origin. Guesses that Huxley wrote the Times review.

Alludes to discussion of relations between fossil and modern types [in Principles of geology 3: 144].

Discusses destruction of tropical forms in the glacial period.

Mentions letter from Dana concerning Dana’s illness.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  29 [Dec 1859]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.188)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2612

Matches: 1 hit

  • … of Himalaya, in which truly Tropical & Temperate forms now live mingled together. This …

To Charles Lyell   6 March [1863]

Summary

Comments at length on CL’s book [Antiquity of man (1863)]. CD is "greatly disappointed that you have not given judgment and spoken fairly out what you think about the derivation of species".

Lists large number of queries concerning minor points.

Praises especially the chapters on language and glaciers.

Comments on the temperature of Africa during the glacial period, especially with regard to the views of Hooker.

Mentions Owen’s paper on the aye-aye [Rep. BAAS 32 (1862) pt 2: 114–16].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  6 Mar [1863]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.289)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-4028

Matches: 2 hits

  • … considered that the recent discovery of temperate plants in the Cameroons Mountains and on …
  • … additional evidence for his belief that temperate species had migrated into the tropical …

To Charles Lyell   1 October [1861]

Summary

The flint tools found at Bedford.

Further discussion of Jamieson’s theory of the formation of the roads of Glen Roy by a glacial lake. Comments on formation of Glen Spean terraces. Mentions glaciers in North Wales.

Agreement with John Murray to publish [Orchids].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  1 Oct [1861]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.266)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3272

Matches: 1 hit

  • … America, and of other parts of the northern temperate zone. [Read 14 December 1858 and 11 …

To Charles Lyell   14 January [1860]

Summary

Review of Origin in Gardeners’ Chronicle [31 Dec 1859].

Criticises views of J. G. Jeffreys on non-migration of shells. Cites case of Galapagos shells.

Mentions Edward Forbes’s theory of submerged continental extensions. Cites Hooker’s [introductory] essay [in Flora Tasmaniae (1860)] for evidence against any recent connection between Australia and New Zealand.

Discusses Huxley’s views of hybrid sterility.

Questions whether Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire believed in species change. Mentions views of Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire.

The distribution of cave insects.

CD’s study of man.

The problems of locating French and German translators.

Huxley’s criticism of Owen’s views on human classification.

The sale of Origin.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  14 Jan [1860]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.192)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2650

Matches: 1 hit

  • … to survive on mountain tops in the temperate zones ( E.  Forbes 1846 ). CD had debated the …

To Charles Lyell   [30 July – 2 August 1845]

Summary

Comments extensively on CL’s book [Travels in North America (1845)]. Lyell’s views on slavery, the clergy, education, and coalfields. Has difficulty in tracing Lyell’s course. Comments on geological portions, especially CL’s comparisons of living and fossil organisms to those of South America and Tasmania; animal formation of carbonic acid and effects of vegetable decay; Indians’ use of lumber. Discusses water-borne transportation of wood, fruit, and seeds. Notes distribution of Arctic flora.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  [30 July – 2 Aug 1845]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.44)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-899

Matches: 1 hit

  • … of Tasmania and those of the northern temperate zone. The passages are marked in CD’s …
Document type
letter (11)
Addressee
Lyell, Charlesdisabled_by_default
Date
1845 (1)
1846 (1)
1858 (1)
1859 (1)
1860 (1)
1861 (1)
1863 (1)
1866 (4)
Search:
temperate in keywords
7 Items

Origin: the lost changes for the second German edition

Summary

Darwin sent a list of changes made uniquely to the second German edition of Origin to its translator, Heinrich Georg Bronn.  That lost list is recreated here.

Matches: 10 hits

  • … on the mountains of Abyssinia, and likewise to those of temperate Europe. This is one of the most …
  • … than at present in various parts of the tropics, where temperate forms apparently have crossed; but …
  • …  So again, on the island of Fernando Po, Mr. Mann found temperate European forms first beginning to …
  • … of the torrid zone harmoniously blended with those of the temperate. So that under certain …
  • … have co-existed for an indefinitely long period mingled with temperate forms.     At one time …
  • … cannot look to the peninsula of India for such a refuge, as temperate forms have reached nearly all …
  • … of Java we see European forms, and on the heights of Borneo temperate Australian productions. If we …
  • … continent  to its southern extremity; but we now know that temperate forms have likewise travelled …
  • … are on the mountains of Brazil a few southern and northern temperate and some Andean forms, which it …
  • … number of forms in Australia, which are related to European temperate forms, but which differ so …

2.22 L.-J. Chavalliaud statue in Liverpool

Summary

< Back to Introduction At about the time when a statue of Darwin was being commissioned by the Shropshire Horticultural Society for his native town of Shrewsbury, his transformative contributions to the sciences of botany and horticulture were also…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Moncur, who also worked on the north and south blocks of the Temperate House at Kew. The Palm House …

Darwin's notes for his physician, 1865

Summary

On 20 May 1865, Emma Darwin recorded in her diary that John Chapman, a prominent London publisher who had studied medicine in London and Paris in the early 1840s, visited Down to consult with Darwin about his ill health. In 1863 Chapman started to treat…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … lumbago– fundament–rash.   Always been temperate– now wine comforts me much– could …

Darwin in letters, 1869: Forward on all fronts

Summary

At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of  Origin. He may have resented the interruption to his work on sexual selection and human evolution, but he spent forty-six days on the task. Much of the…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … would migrate towards the equator during an ice age and that temperate species would survive at …

Rewriting Origin - the later editions

Summary

For such an iconic work, the text of Origin was far from static. It was a living thing that Darwin continued to shape for the rest of his life, refining his ‘one long argument’ through a further five English editions.  Many of his changes were made in…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … of similar species in both the northern and southern temperate zones. In the first edition of  …

Darwin in letters,1866: Survival of the fittest

Summary

The year 1866 began well for Charles Darwin, as his health, after several years of illness, was now considerably improved. In February, Darwin received a request from his publisher, John Murray, for a new edition of  Origin. Darwin got the fourth…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … observed distributions, such as the presence of the same temperate species on distant mountains, and …

Satire of FitzRoy's Narrative of the Voyages of the Adventure and Beagle, by John Clunies Ross. Transcription by Katharine Anderson

Summary

[f.146r Title page] Voyages of the Adventure and Beagle Supplement / to the 2nd 3rd and Appendix Volumes of the First / Edition Written / for and in the name of the Author of those / Volumes By J.C. Ross. / Sometime Master of a…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Settlement – a thoroughly convict colony – a healthy temperate climate – far removed from civilized …