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From G. H. Lewes   12 November 1868

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Summary

Disappointed that he missed CD. Hopes still to see him in the flesh.

Has CD seen August Weismann’s inaugural address [see 6297]?

Author:  George Henry Lewes
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  12 Nov 1868
Classmark:  DAR 106: D11–12
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6458

Matches: 1 hit

  • … knowing that your health does not permit of social excitement. But to see you for half an …

From Alphonse de Candolle   2 July 1868

Summary

Offers notes and reflections on Variation.

Not convinced by Pangenesis, particularly its dependence on the Cytisus [graft hybrid] examples [ch. 27 and ch. 11].

What a book could be written on the application of natural history to man! Gives examples of inheritance in man.

Author:  Alphonse de Candolle
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  2 July 1868
Classmark:  DAR 161: 14
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6264

Matches: 2 hits

  • … d’autres, s’adapte aux cavaliers. Le systeme social aristocratique de l’Angleterre a été …
  • … than most to the rider. The aristocratic social system of England has been very favourable …

To A. R. Wallace   6 April [1868]

Summary

More on the "terrible problem" of natural selection and sterility. CD’s reasons for disagreeing with ARW. CD analyses and answers ARW in detail in defence of his conclusion that sterility cannot be increased through natural selection.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:  6 Apr [1868]
Classmark:  The British Library (Add MS 46434: 125–9)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6095

Matches: 1 hit

  • … for the individual, including in this term a social community. — It w d take a volume to …

From George Thurber   18–20 April 1868

Summary

About an American edition of Variation.

Author:  George Thurber
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  18–20 Apr 1868
Classmark:  DAR 178: 120
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6129

Matches: 1 hit

  • … that it was not likely to upset the whole social fabric—for those who never read a word of …

From Ernst Haeckel   9 November 1868

Summary

Thanks CD for comments [on Entstehung des Menschengeschlechts].

Comments on Goethe and Kant as early evolutionists.

Describes birth of his son. Mentions child’s "atavisms".

Author:  Ernst Philipp August (Ernst) Haeckel
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  9 Nov 1868
Classmark:  DAR 166: 50
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6452

Matches: 1 hit

  • … in Goethe’s biological thought. Journal of Social and Biological Structures 7: 317–24. …

From B. D. Walsh   25 March 1868

Summary

Sexual preference in insects;

structures for seizing females;

coloration.

Doubts whether CD can make much of a case from insects in support of sexual selection.

Author:  Benjamin Dann Walsh
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  25 Mar 1868
Classmark:  DAR 82: A90–1; A117–18, DAR 85: B65
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-6051

Matches: 1 hit

  • … is dissolved. Even with some of the social Hymenoptera, (the Honey-bees) the are killed …
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Suggested reading

Summary

  Contemporary writing Anon., The English matron: A practical manual for young wives, (London, 1846). Anon., The English gentlewoman: A practical manual for young ladies on their entrance to society, (Third edition, London, 1846). Becker, L. E.…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … of England: Their relative duties, domestic influence and social obligations ,  (London, 1843) …
  • … Press, 1996). Sheffield, S. L.,  Women and science: Social impact and interaction , …

Moral Nature

Summary

In Descent of Man, Darwin argued that human morality had evolved from the social instincts of animals, especially the bonds of sympathy and love. Darwin gathered observations over many decades on animal behavior: the heroic sacrifices of social insects,…

Matches: 14 hits

  • … , Darwin argued that human morality had evolved from the social instincts of animals, especially the …
  • … it may be concluded that he has parental, conjugal and social instincts, and perhaps others.... …
  • … many decades on animal behavior: the heroic sacrifices of social insects, the tender bonds of …
  • … the pleasure they experienced when acting in accordance with social instincts, and the pain they …
  • … but the foundations of ethical behavior remained the social instincts that humans shared with …
  • … by The Times for undermining the foundations of social order. It was rebuked by the religious …
  • … of sympathy [but]... it seems to me that he considers the social feeling in man the result of …
  • … It is very extraordinary that he should recognize the social instincts to be natural to Animals, …
  • … and conditions wh. belong of right to what I should call Social Selection--i.e., the selection by a …
  • … and other instincts, without having retrograded in his social instincts ... I do not think that …
  • … March [1870?] Darwin met the religious writer and social reformer Frances Power Cobbe in …
  • … that conscience arose through a conflict between enduring social feelings and more fleeting desires, …
  • … than by abstract ethical principles. "The lower social animals may be said to be under …
  • … & most persons w^d^ call it instinctive ... Now as soon as a social animal became in some slight …

Biodiversity and its histories

Summary

The Darwin Correspondence Project was co-sponsor of Biodiversity and its Histories, which brought together scholars and researchers in ecology, politics, geography, anthropology, cultural history, and history and philosophy of science, to explore how…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … on 24-25 March 2017 at the Centre for Research in the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities (CRASSH), …
  • … by the Centre for Research in the Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences (CRASSH) and the Darwin …

Interview with Randal Keynes

Summary

Randal Keynes is a great-great-grandson of Charles Darwin, and the author of Annie’s Box (Fourth Estate, 2001), which discusses Darwin’s home life, his relationship with his wife and children, and the ways in which these influenced his feelings about…

Matches: 6 hits

  • … 11. Darwin's support for the church as a social institution Dr White: Some …
  • … in Britain at the time; and the church and chapels as social institutions. If you look at belief and …
  • … other gentry in the village, that education was the greatest social need for the poor people - the …
  • … church in the community, he was supporting the church as a social institution. I think, also, he was …
  • … values; there was no difficulty there. So the church was a social institution to be supported …
  • … well of human nature. I think he thought we were basically social and helpful to each other, and …

5873_1488

Summary

From B. J. Sulivan   13 February [1868]f1 Bournemouth Feby. 13. My dear Darwin As Mr Stirling has sent me the recpt. you may as well have it with the Photo of the four Fuegian boys which he wishes me to send you in case you have not seen it. He…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … humanity introduced forms isolation, islands social behaviour Please cite as …

Letters as a Primary Source

Summary

Introduction: Why study Darwin’s letters? Courses about Darwin usually focus on the Origin of Species, widely regarded as one of the most important books ever written in the history of science. Yet as a starting point for understanding Darwin’s theory,…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … the private sphere of his life and work, and onto the wider social sphere of collaboration, …
  • … responses to his work. Letters reveal much about the social and material practices of science. They …
  • … different backgrounds, perspectives, and agendas, a rich social world that is often invisible in …
  • … in the history and philosophy of science, cultural and social history, literature, women’s studies, …
  • … letters, both to understand Darwin’s work in its broader social context, and to explore the vital …

Letters as a Primary Source

Summary

Introduction: Why study Darwin’s letters? Courses about Darwin usually focus on the Origin of Species, widely regarded as one of the most important books ever written in the history of science. Yet as a starting point for understanding Darwin’s theory,…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … the private sphere of his life and work, and onto the wider social sphere of collaboration, …
  • … responses to his work. Letters reveal much about the social and material practices of science. They …
  • … different backgrounds, perspectives, and agendas, a rich social world that is often invisible in …
  • … in the history and philosophy of science, cultural and social history, literature, women’s studies, …
  • … letters, both to understand Darwin’s work in its broader social context, and to explore the vital …

1.12 Marian Huxley, drawing

Summary

< Back to Introduction Portrayals of Darwin by women in his social circle cannot be lumped together as the products of adoring amateurs. In 1878 he was sketched by Marian (‘Mady’) Huxley, who was then only in her late teens, but already a trained and…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Introduction Portrayals of Darwin by women in his social circle cannot be lumped together …

The evolution of a misquotation

Summary

We gave you six things Darwin never said (despite what you may read elsewhere).   None of the fake soundbites is more insidious than the first: It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent that survives. It is…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … from Europe for American Business’,  Southwestern Social Science Quarterly  (1963) 44(1): 3-13, at …

Suggested reading

Summary

There is an extensive secondary literature on Darwin's life and work. Here are some suggested titles that focus Darwin’s correspondence, as well as scientific correspondence and letter-writing more generally. Collections of Darwin’s letters …

Matches: 3 hits

  • … 163–86. Secord, J. 1985. Darwin and the breeders: a social history, in The Darwinian …
  • … 304 : 866–69. Bazerman, C. 2000. Letters and the social grounding of differentiated genres, …
  • … The materiality of letter writing, in Letter writing as a social practice , edited by D. Barton …

4.23 Gegeef, 'Battle Field of Science'

Summary

< Back to Introduction Another satirical print by ‘Gegeëf’, The Battle Field of Science and the Churches, is signed and dated 30 November 1873. It survives as a foldout plate in a twopenny journal, The Gauntlet, which, like Our National Church and…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Free Speech; Reason in Matters Religious, Political, Social’. Two follow-up cartoons were planned, …
  • … the Advancement of Science back up a host of scientists and social philosophers, whose views implied …
  • … v. Biogenesis’, while Herbert Spencer has the banner of ‘Social Science Association’ and William …

Robert FitzRoy

Summary

Robert FitzRoy was captain of HMS Beagle when Darwin was aboard. From 1831 to 1836 the two men lived in the closest proximity, their relationship revealed by the letters they exchanged while Darwin left the ship to explore the countries visited during the…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Service, you will be most hardly treated ’. Social experiments On arriving home, …
  • … FitzRoy recklessly decided to turn the episode into a social experiment. He took the Fuegians to …

Scientific Networks

Summary

Friendship|Mentors|Class|Gender In its broadest sense, a scientific network is a set of connections between people, places, and things that channel the communication of knowledge, and that substantially determine both its intellectual form and content,…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … both its intellectual form and content, and its material and social effects. In practice, such …
  • … classes, nationalities, and professions. He extended the social and geographic range of his contacts …
  • … Darwin worked from a position of considerable wealth and social privilege. He also sought knowledge …

Caroline Kennard

Summary

Kennard’s interest in science stemmed from her social commitments to the women's movement, her interests in nature study as a tool for educational reform, as well as her place in a tightly knit network of the Bostonian elite. Kennard was one of a…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … many ways, Kennard’s public life was closely tied to the social world of elite educated, Boston …
  • … articles and gave addresses on important issues related to social reform and on prominent American …
  • … Kennard’s interest in science stemmed from her social commitments to the women's movement, her …

Darwin and dogs

Summary

Darwin was almost always in the company of dogs. Nina, Spark, Pincher, and Shiela. Snow, Dash, Bob, and Bran. The beloved terrier Polly (right). They were Darwin's constant companions at home and in the field, on walks and in sport, in his study and…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … to run down hare. Darwin also studied the social behaviour of dogs, noting their …
  • … wrongful behavior, and such memories would clash with their social instincts. Conscience thus arose …

Fake Darwin: myths and misconceptions

Summary

Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, with full debunking below...

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Many myths have persisted about Darwin's life and work. Here are a few of the more pervasive ones, …

2.7 Joseph Moore, Midland Union medal

Summary

< Back to Introduction The Midland Union was an association of natural history societies and field clubs across the Midland counties, intended to facilitate – especially through its journal The Midland Naturalist – ‘the interchange of ideas’ and…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … David Elliston Allen, The Naturalist in Britain: A Social History (Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, …

George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans)

Summary

George Eliot was the pen name of celebrated Victorian novelist Mary Ann Evans (1819-1880). She was born on the outskirts of Nuneaton in Warwickshire and was educated at boarding schools from the age of five until she was 16. Her education ended when she…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … to care for him until he died. Coventry widened her social network and after her father's death …
  • … set up home together and faced considerable criticism and social isolation. Mary Ann's brother …

4.2 Augustus Earle, caricature drawing

Summary

< Back to Introduction The paucity of evidence for Darwin’s appearance and general demeanour during the years of the Beagle voyage gives this humorous drawing of shipboard life a special interest. It is convincingly attributed to Augustus Earle, an…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … drew topographical and figure scenes, often featuring the social life of naval officers and lower …
  • … He is shown wearing a top hat and tail coat: men of a social rank equivalent to officers in the …

Darwin and Gender Projects by Harvard Students

Summary

Working in collaboration with Professor Sarah Richardson and Dr Myrna Perez, Darwin Correspondence Project staff developed a customised set of 'Darwin and Gender' themed resources for a course on Gender, Sex and Evolution first taught at Harvard…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … course on a whim, interested in the relationship between social stereotypes and science. She now …
  • … the piece as a champion of women, and is condemned by the social strictures of his time. …
  • … a feminist. Instead she shows us the “power of Victorian social norms” in a project that is both …
  • … past. Her engaging plea draws attention to the impact that social and cultural patterns – as well as …
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