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Power of movement in plants

Summary

Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Family experiments Darwin was an active and engaged father during his children's youth, involving them in his experiments and even occasionally using them as observational subjects. When his children…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … son Francis on experiments for The Power of Movement in Plants (1880). The correspondence …
  • … interested in his scientific questions and ideas. Plants that move In The …
  • … argues that gradual modifications in the development of plants in response to natural forces such as …
  • … packet of reading materials here: Power of movement in plants source pack …
  • … with some results from his latest experiment on movement in plants. By the time this letter was …
  • … of Darwin’s work on heliotropism, which is the movement of plants towards the sun. Darwin considered …
  • … resulted in the publication of  The Power of Movement in Plants in 1880. After reading …
  • … the students clipped about 5mm off of the top of half of the plants. After clipping half of the …
  • … Once the two hours elapsed, the students observed their plants. The result was clear: the plants
  • … that the mechanism responsible for heliotropism in these plants is located at the tip of the plant. …
  • … of these seedlings. When exposed to sunlight, the auxin in plants moves away from the sun – thereby …

Movement in Plants

Summary

The power of movement in plants, published on 7 November 1880, was the final large botanical work that Darwin wrote. It was the only work in which the assistance of one of his children, Francis Darwin, is mentioned on the title page. The research for this…

Matches: 26 hits

  • … The power of movement in plants , published on 7 November 1880, was the final large botanical work …
  • … especially bad, Darwin had taken up the study of climbing plants, one of his ‘hobby-horses’, to keep …
  • … His paper, ‘On the movement and habits of climbing plants’, appeared in the  Journal of the Linnean …
  • … year, Darwin published a much longer work,  Insectivorous plants , also the result of research …
  • … J. V. Carus, 7 February 1875 ). While  Climbing plants  focused mostly on the structure and …
  • … organs and the mechanics of their movement,  Insectivorous plants  investigated the physiological …
  • … would attempt ‘ to bring all the diversified movements of Plants under one general law or system ’ …
  • … differences and viewed the division between animals and plants as absolute, Darwin was interested in …
  • … Darwin’s interest in the diversified movements of plants was stimulated by a phenomenon seemingly …
  • … to Joseph Hooker, ‘ Why are the leaves & fruit of so many plants protected by a thin layer of …
  • … summer of 1873 was his experimental work on insectivorous plants. Returning to bloom in October 1873 …
  • … now missing reply, and mused, ‘ As such a multitude of plants get their leaves wetted, & only a …
  • … some direct agency— ’. Movement in plants , p. 370. Given that the …
  • … Darwin, however, had to finish his work on insectivorous plants, despite confessing to Thiselton …
  • … Fritz Müller, to ‘ observe whether any of your plants place their leaves during rain so as to shoot …
  • … have been looking over my old notes about the ‘bloom’ on plants, & I think that the subject is …
  • … is to be his share ’.  Movement in plants , p. 300. Darwin now began to …
  • … Thiselton-Dyer, ‘ we have made out clearly that with some plants (chiefly succulent) the bloom …
  • … the most interesting point in relation to the movement of plants ’. Darwin vacillated between …
  • … working very hard at bloom & the automatic movement of plants, from morning to night & we …
  • … Darwin had first investigated movement in mature plants, but he increasingly focussed on the …
  • … be able to show that all the automatic movements of mature plants are developments of the wonderful …
  • … Hooker, ‘ I think we have  proved  that the sleep of plants is to lessen injury to leaves from …
  • … my son & self have been at work on the biology of seedling plants, & observations on the …
  • … nothing in this wide world except the biology of seedling plants ’, he confessed to Farrer. He was …
  • … root tip to various stimuli. Movement in plants , p. 179. In May 1878, …

Insectivorous Plants

Summary

Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Plants that consume insects Darwin began his work with insectivorous plants in the mid 1860s, though his findings would not be published until 1875. In his autobiography Darwin reflected on the delay that…

Matches: 9 hits

  • … Sources | Discussion Questions | Experiment Plants that consume insects …
  • … discovery." 1 The resulting volume, Insectivorous Plants (1875), was one in a series of …
  • … allowed Darwin to focus on the features of insectivorous plants that allowed them to survive in …
  • … them with hair. Through his work he concluded that the plants would only react to the movements of & …
  • … the New Jersey naturalist, Mary Treat , about carnivorous plants. Darwin and Treat exchanged …
  • … the entire packet of reading materials here: Insectivorous Plants Source Packet . …
  • … To learn about Darwin’s work on carnivorous plants, the class observed a variety of carnivorous …
  • … work.  To get a closer look at the carnivorous plants the students used microscopes to …
  • … fully satisfied that they are the most wonderful carnivorous plants that I have yet seen. …

Climbing Plants

Summary

Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment A monograph by which to work After the publication of On the Origin of Species, Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, The Descent of Man, and The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals in…

Matches: 11 hits

  • … of On the Origin of Species , Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication , The …
  • … of these works, On the Movements and Habits of Climbing Plants , shows the keen interest Darwin …
  • … Darwin reflected on the publication journey of his climbing plants monograph: "In the autumn of …
  • … Darwin, Charles. On the Movements and Habits of Climbing Plants , Chapter 1. Papers …
  • … Letters Letter Packet: Climbing movement in plants Letter 10214 - …
  • … about the mechanism by which tendrils from climbing plants begin to spiral after clasping an object. …
  • … that he plans to publish with his old papers on climbing plants. Letter 8656 - Asa …
  • … for Darwin to try on the coiling of tendrils of climbing plants. He thanks Darwin for the copy of …
  • … DISCUSSION QUESTIONS 1. What is it about climbing plants that fascinates Darwin? Why do you …
  • … To learn about Darwin’s work on climbing plants, the class took a field trip to the Arnold …
  • … were able to observe the various methods of climbing used by plants. Climbing has a few key …

Darwin’s hothouse and lists of hothouse plants

Summary

Darwin became increasingly involved in botanical experiments in the years after the publication of Origin. The building of a small hothouse - a heated greenhouse - early in 1863  greatly increased the range of plants that he could keep for scientific…

Matches: 24 hits

  • … botanical work, since it greatly increased the range of plants that he could keep for scientific …
  • … ‘hothouse’, meaning a construction suitable for tropical plants. In 1861 and 1862, while preparing  …
  • … the Melastomataceae, a family of tropical and sub-tropical plants (see  Orchids , p. 158 n., and  …
  • … Kew, and private individuals with collections of hothouse plants to make observations and even …
  • … was thus obviously prompted by his increasing use of plants for a variety of experimental purposes. …
  • … it will be grand amusement for me to experiment with plants.—   According to …
  • … ‘bark-stove’, a construction designed to house those plants that required ‘the highest degree of …
  • … however, Darwin began making preparations to stock it with plants for use in a wide variety of …
  • …  offence if you do not send me your Catalogue of the plants you want before going to Nurserymen’ …
  • … Darwin agreed to send Hooker his list of ‘experimental’ plants, while observing: ‘anything …
  • … [1863] ). Darwin probably gave his list of plants to Hooker when he visited Kew on 11 …
  • … was completed and he was impatiently waiting to hear what plants Hooker could let him have, telling …
  • … Hooker, 15 February [1863] ). On 20 February, the plants from Kew had arrived. Darwin was …
  • … had, he confessed to Hooker, ‘stewed so long admiring the plants’ that he developed a headache. What …
  • … had to warn Darwin not to make ‘boiled greens’ of his plants, proffering further advice on …
  • … ). Darwin derived enormous pleasure from his hothouse plants, telling Hooker: ‘Henrietta & …
  • … [1863] ). Darwin’s aesthetic appreciation of the tropical plants was probably partly due to the …
  • … Darwin soon began the more serious work of listing the plants, seeking to identify the families to …
  • … of the propagating department at Kew, had helped select the plants for Darwin). Hooker had also sent …
  • … he would look ‘at any germinating seeds or experimental plants which required a casual examination’ …
  • … ). In view of the importance of Darwin’s hothouse plants in his experimental work, it is …
  • … from the catalogue of John Cattell, from whom he had bought plants for his garden over many years. …
  • … dated 28 March 1863, for five guineas’ worth of plants bought from Cattell, suggesting that he …
  • … to Hooker, since Hooker ‘marked out’ on that list the plants he could not supply (see letter from J. …

Climbing plants

Summary

Darwin’s book Climbing plants was published in 1865, but its gestation began much earlier. The start of Darwin’s work on the topic lay in his need, owing to severe bouts of illness in himself and his family, for diversions away from his much harder book on…

Matches: 20 hits

  • … Darwin’s book Climbing plants was published in 1865, but its gestation began much earlier. The …
  • … eventually published as The variation of animals and plants under domestication in 1868. In 1862 …
  • … to raise in pot ’. Gray immediately sent seeds of the two plants he had himself used to make his …
  • … it, but makes no mention whatsoever of work on ‘Climbing plants’. His letters tell a different story …
  • … revolutions of the stems and tendrils of climbing plants had been long ago observed by Palm and …
  • … these three authors, Darwin might have given up on climbing plants, thinking he had little to add. …
  • … delight in ’. Hooker was always encouraging, sending more plants and noting that Darwin was ‘“ …
  • … dispelled the mistaken old view ‘ that animals moved & plants did not ’.   Plant …
  • … movements and irritability of tendrils and twining plants; but only a little of my work is new ’. …
  • … Hot-house   I amuse myself a little by looking at climbing plants. ’ He optimistically stated that …
  • … and different specimens and requesting that they observe plants outside his own reach. By mid-June, …
  • … largely’. As Darwin later explained in Climbing plants , ‘he who believes in the slow …
  • … and have come to serve as prehensile organs’ ( Climbing plants , pp. 110-11). …
  • … me, knocks me up.—As soon as I have done about climbing plants I shall resume my routine work ’. …
  • … could not resist continuing to experiment and request more plants and observations from his friends. …
  • … also thickens ’. Darwin continued to receive new plants even as he reported at the end of …
  • … be called a leaf-climber. ’ Climbing plants , p. 81 Darwin’s paper was …
  • … read it ’. ‘On the movements and habits of climbing plants’ was published on 12 June 1865 in a …
  • … The entomologist Benjamin Dann Walsh wrote of climbing plants, ‘ this discovery of their …
  • … his last great botanical work, On the power of movement in plants . But that is another story. …

Forms of flowers

Summary

Darwin’s book The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species, published in 1877, investigated the structural differences in the sexual organs of flowers of the same species. It drew on and expanded five articles Darwin had published on the…

Matches: 24 hits

  • … Darwin’s book The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species , published in 1877, …
  • … been looking at my experimental Cowslips & I find some plants have all flowers with long stamens …
  • … flowers were dioecious (female and male flowers on separate plants) and also noted that their pollen …
  • … discovered, contrary to his expectations, that ‘male plants’ produced seed capsules. He told the …
  • … day at last I had time to weigh the seeds, & by Jove the Plants of Primrose & Cowslip with …
  • … weary chapter on simple facts of variation of cultivated Plants; & am now refreshing myself with …
  • … help. He had been working on seed pods collected from wild plants near his home in Southampton, …
  • … draw up result of Lythrum crosses & on movements of climbing plants ’, he informed Gray. By …
  • … fertile. He had also ascertained, as he told Gray, ‘ that plants raised from Dimorphic species …
  • … that the new facts on illegitimate offspring of dimorphic plants throw much indirect light on the …
  • … had reported finding several new species of dimorphic plants . Darwin told Müller that he would …
  • … to refer to the sexual system of dimorphic and trimorphic plants: heterostyly (Hildebrand 1867a, p. …
  • …  ‘ I have just finished 2 papers on the fertilization of plants ’, Darwin told Ernst Haeckel in …
  • … from the illegitimate unions of dimorphic and trimorphic plants’, was read at a meeting of the …
  • … of the illegitimate offspring of dimorphic and trimorphic plants appear to me so remarkable and …
  • … republishing his earlier papers on dimorphic and trimorphic plants. In early 1875, he briefly …
  • … Julius Carus , ‘ All my papers on Dimorphic plants will be republished corrected in the Book at …
  • … earlier work with the subtly different focus of observing ‘plants in as many natural families as …
  • … September 1866, ‘ What I meant in my paper on Linum about plants being dimorphic in function alone …
  • … differences, but by 1875 he had completed Insectivorous plants , his first botanical work that …
  • … up & adding to old matter about Dimorphic & Trimorphic plants ’. He wanted his son Francis …
  • … fertility between legitimately and illegitimately fertilised plants is much smaller in the long …
  • … the fertility of illegitimate offspring of heterostyled plants. By late March 1877 Darwin told Carus …
  • … as the latter would apply to di & monœcious & to polygamous plants ’. It took Darwin …

Insectivorous plants

Summary

Darwin’s work on insectivorous plants began by accident. While on holiday in the summer of 1860, staying with his wife’s relatives in Hartfield, Sussex, he went for long walks on the heathland and became curious about the large number of insects caught by…

Matches: 13 hits

  • … Darwin’s work on insectivorous plants began by accident. While on holiday in the summer of 1860, …
  • … to Linnean Soc. ’ He initially collected a dozen plants and found that over half of the leaves had …
  • … lyrics are based on Darwin's statements about insectivorous plants in his letters.   …
  • … initiating a sustained correspondence on insectivorous plants, the two men exchanging over twenty …
  • … carefully repeated experiments ’. Oliver observed related plants in the collection at Kew, such …
  • … 1 — 43 leaves.— and all strongly contracted on different plants ’. He continued his experiments on …
  • … ’ He did not return to extensive research on insectivorous plants for 10 years. Early in 1872 …
  • … been studying Nepenthes (the genus of tropical pitcher-plants) in parallel with Darwin’s study …
  • … book. After Dionaea , of all the other insectivorous plants he worked on, Darwin spent the most …
  • … that there were large differences in the responses of plants and animals to various toxic substances …
  • … press ’. He initially wanted to publish Insectivorous Plants and a second edition of Climbing …
  • … unlikely to go into a second edition.  Insectivorous plants was published on 2 July 1875 and …
  • … it, And find that, as we feared, Voracious Plants could tell us How our friends …

1877 letters now online

Summary

Flowers, bloom, a son married . . . and a suspended monkey in Cambridge at Darwin's honorary LLD ceremony. The transcripts and footnotes of over 600 letters written to and from Darwin in 1877 are now online. Read more about Darwin's life in 1877…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … Darwin compared the fertility of individual flowers and plants across a range of common species. He …
  • … of flowers , Darwin took up the problem of ‘bloom’ in plants. This waxy or powdery coating on the …
  • … on bloom, Darwin resumed observations on the movement of plants in response to different conditions. …
  • … well as the sleep movements of leaves and leaflets in some plants. Research on movement in plants

Cross and self fertilisation

Summary

The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom, published on 10 November 1876, was the result of a decade-long project to provide evidence for Darwin’s belief that ‘‘Nature thus tells us, in the most emphatic manner, that she abhors…

Matches: 24 hits

  • … effects of intercrossing (1862), and in several papers on plants with two or three different forms …
  • … or prevented self fertilisation in flowering (angiosperm) plants. The research for those works had …
  • … effects of different forms of pollen. Although many plants that Darwin observed had flowers with …
  • … to compare several generations of cross and self fertilised plants, comparing germination rates, …
  • … one of his most sustained and detailed studies, encompassing plants from as many families as he …
  • … on the germination of the seed & on the growth of the young plants when raised from a pistil …
  • … but in some cases the difference in the growth of the young plants is highly remarkable’ ( To Asa …
  • … Müller, writing from Brazil in December 1866, noted that plants of this poppy growing in his garden …
  • … of such a common garden plant. Perhaps in the case of my plants it can be attributed to their …
  • … ). The following year, his experiments showed that plants of this species produced seed when self …
  • … is self-fertile; at the same time allowing several uncovered plants to produce capsules’ ( To Fritz …
  • … reported that he was ‘rearing crossed & self-fertilized plants, in antagonism to each other, …
  • … by pollen from the same flower, weigh less, produce dwarfer plants, but indisputably  germinate …
  • … remarking, ‘I am going on with my trials of the growth of plants raised from self-fertilised & …
  • … in growth & conststitutional vigour occurs only with exotic plants which have been raised by …
  • … Darwin in May 1866, Robert Caspary, a specialist in aquatic plants, had discussed his observations …
  • … eagerly requested seed from both cross and self-fertilised plants in order to ‘compare their power …
  • … results with several generations of some more common garden plants like morning glory ( Ipomoea …
  • … preliminary findings to his new book, The variation of plants and animals under domestication …
  • … large scale on the difference in power of growth between plants raised from self fertilised & …
  • … truly wonderful.’ Visitors were astonished by his plants, he told Bentham, adding, ‘I always …
  • … generation sometimes suffices; & the existence of dimorphic plants & all the wonderful …
  • … when these are taken from  any  two distinct plants, & invariably leading to impotence when …
  • … was surprised at the lessened fertility when he pollinated plants using pollen from other plants of …

Insectivorous Plants published

Summary

Darwin's book, Insectivorous plants, demonstrating that some plant species not only attract animal prey but can digest it, is published. Darwin predicted poor sales but following initial publication on 2 July, two further printings were needed in…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Darwin's book , Insectivorous plants , demonstrating that some plant species not only attract …

Dipsacus and Drosera: Frank’s favourite carnivores

Summary

In Autumn of 1875, Francis Darwin was busy researching aggregation in the tentacles of Drosera rotundifolia (F. Darwin 1876). This phenomenon occurs when coloured particles within either protoplasm or the fluid in the cell vacuole (the cell sap) cluster…

Matches: 15 hits

  • … Charles Darwin’s enthusiasm for carnivorous plants -- plants that attract, trap, and digest animal …
  • … culminated in 1875 with the publication of  Insectivorous Plants . This treatise laid the …
  • … into plant carnivory. Francis’ passion for carnivorous plants first stemmed from aiding in his …
  • … both father and son. Nearly two-thirds of  Insectivorous Plants  is dedicated to the sundew. …
  • … together. Darwin senior had theorized in  Insectivorous Plants  that these  aggregated cellular …
  • … commonly known as fuller’s teasel. In  The Loves of the Plants  (1789) his grandfather, Erasmus …
  • … growing his own specimens and continued collecting wild plants in the spring of 1876. The resulting …
  • … senior was responding to critiques that  Insectivorous Plants  failed to conclusively prove these …
  • … of ‘aggregation’ in  Drosera  and several other plants.’ He believed that the leaves were ‘adapted …
  • … he would publish a revised 2nd edition of  Insectivorous Plants . Although there was no further …
  • … the door to the scientific evaluation of proto-carnivorous plants; further blurring the increasingly …
  • … theory frequently pointed out that so-called carnivorous plants flourished in European hothouses …
  • … Experiments executed during the writing of  Insectivorous Plants  attempted to address this …
  • … proven to demonstrate increased size and biomass when the plants are supplemented with insect prey. …
  • … Nature  16, 339. Darwin, C. 1888.  Insectivorous plants . 2d ed. Revised by Francis Darwin …

Women as a scientific audience

Summary

Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … copies of his paper on Lythrum and Climbing Plants . Becker describes how she has …
  • … Sophia Herrick responds to Darwin’s Insectivorous Plants which she has “read with intense …
  • … Herrick expressed her enjoyment of his Insectivorous Plants . Darwin responds to Sophia’s …
  • … thanks Darwin for sending her a copy of Insectivorous Plants . She sat up with it nearly …

Floral Dimorphism

Summary

Sources|Discussion Questions|Experiment Floral studies In 1877 Darwin published a book that included a series of smaller studies on botanical subjects. Titled The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species, it consisted primarily of…

Matches: 9 hits

  • … subjects. Titled The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species , it consisted …
  • … Darwin, C. R. 1877. The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species , London: John …
  • … Asa Gray, 20 March 1863 Darwin discusses dimorphic plants with Gray. He also mentions his …
  • … 2. Why do you think that Darwin's work with heterostyled plants was so satisfying to him? Why …
  • … 1877 T he Different Forms of Flowers on Plants of the Same Species . This chapter …
  • … To engage firsthand with Darwin’s work on dimorphic plants, the class used microscopes to examine …
  • … observe the two sizes of style and pollen within these plants. To observe the different sizes of the …
  • … Darwin believed that this “intercrossing of distinct plants” is critical to the “height, vigour, and …
  • … [1] Charles Darwin, The Different Forms of Flowers on Plants of the Same Species (London: John …

Suggested reading

Summary

  Contemporary writing Anon., The English matron: A practical manual for young wives, (London, 1846). Anon., The English gentlewoman: A practical manual for young ladies on their entrance to society, (Third edition, London, 1846). Becker, L. E.…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … A short outline of the natural system of classification of plants , (London, 1864). …
  • … (February, 1876), pp. 382 - 387. ‘ Carnivorous plants of Florida ’,  Harper’s New Monthly …

Plant or animal? (Or: Don’t try this at home!)

Summary

Darwin is famous for showing that humans are just another animal, but, in his later years in particular, his real passion was something even more ambitious: to show that there are no hard-and-fast boundaries between animals and plants.   In 1875 Darwin…

Matches: 9 hits

  • … there are no hard-and-fast boundaries between animals and plants.   In 1875 Darwin brought …
  • … imagination, spawning spoof stories of woman-eating plants , and carnivorous plant sellers …
  • … murder, and fatal attraction. Darwin studied pitcher plants, Venus flytraps, waterwheels, …
  • … first person to demonstrate clearly that several species of plants can break down organic matter and …
  • … of this was part of a wider research project on movement in plants. Darwin was looking for those …
  • … the lunch table in search of substances to feed to his pet plants.  He tried meat (cooked and …
  • … to move, and at the chemistry of the digestive fluids the plants secreted.  His obsession was …
  • … him squeezed quite flat— I don’t go any more to Plants With habits such as that. …
  • … rotundifolia ’: Sophie B. Herrick, ‘Insectivorous plants’, Scribner’s Monthly, April 1877, 804–15. …

Darwin's Fantastical Voyage

Summary

Learn about Darwin's adventures on his epic journey.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … These activities explore Darwin’s life changing voyage aboard HMS Beagle. Using letters home, …

Darwin's in letters, 1873: Animal or vegetable?

Summary

Having laboured for nearly five years on human evolution, sexual selection, and the expression of emotions, Darwin was able to devote 1873 almost exclusively to his beloved plants. He resumed work on the digestive powers of sundews and Venus fly traps, and…

Matches: 8 hits

  • … was able to devote 1873 almost exclusively to his beloved plants. He resumed work on the digestive …
  • … work that would culminate in two books,  Insectivorous plants  (1875) and  Cross and self …
  • … of Anton Dohrn’s Zoological Station at Naples. Plants that eat and feel? Darwin had …
  • …  was the main focus of Darwin’s study of insectivorous plants, a group that also included the Venus …
  • … involved not only feeding meat, egg, and gelatine to the plants, but also applying various acids and …
  • … nerve is touched … a sensation is felt” ( Insectivorous plants , p. 63). The plants secreted a …
  • … ( ibid ., p.18). The research on insectivorous plants involved collaboration with a wide …
  • … that had known effects on animals. To test whether the plants had a nerve-like structure, Darwin …

Darwin in letters, 1875: Pulling strings

Summary

‘I am getting sick of insectivorous plants’, Darwin confessed in January 1875. He had worked on the subject intermittently since 1859, and had been steadily engaged on a book manuscript for nine months; January also saw the conclusion of a bitter dispute…

Matches: 22 hits

  • … over the sickening work of preparing new Editions Plants always held an important place …
  • … Joseph Dalton Hooker, ‘I am getting sick of insectivorous plants.’ Darwin had worked on the subject …
  • … another manuscript, the second edition of Climbing plants , which he hoped to publish in a single …
  • … of the Linnean sickened him much more than insectivorous plants. As he confessed to Hooker on 12 …
  • … it is most painful as I liked the man.’   Poisons, plants, and print-runs Darwin’s …
  • … to his research on the digestive properties of insectivorous plants. This work had led to …
  • … Indeed, some of the experiments that Darwin performed on plants, such as the application of salts, …
  • … of Brunton and Fayrer’s experiments to Insectivorous plants , pp. 206–9, remarking on the …
  • … to dozens of eager students.’ The cunning ways in which plants lured insects to their death were …
  • … ground Darwin had originally planned Insectivorous plants to be published together with a …
  • … text was judged too large for one volume. Climbing plants 2d ed. was delayed until November, …
  • … June, shortly after the proof corrections of Insectivorous plants were finished. An …
  • … work.’ Romanes bisected root vegetables and tuberous plants, and boasted about a ‘beautifully …
  • … February 1875?] ). By May, having finished Insectivorous plants , and moved on to Variation …
  • … 1875a), and started at once to translate Insectivorous plants (Carus trans. 1876a). The German …
  • … with Darwin the previous year about insectivorous plants, and had lent him several tropical …
  • … to accompany her presentation copy of Insectivorous plants ( letter to D. F. Nevill, 15 July …
  • … umbilical cord was analogous to the spiral form of twining plants (letters from Lawson Tait, 16 …
  • … August, he published a favourable review of Insectivorous plants for the Spectator , and took …
  • … of his public support for pangenesis and Insectivorous plants , but he had reservations about the …
  • … eventually able to resume observational work on his beloved plants, the year did not end quietly. In …
  • … and was found at his desk with a copy of Insectivorous plants open beside him, and specimens of …

Women’s scientific participation

Summary

Observers | Fieldwork | Experimentation | Editors and critics | Assistants Darwin’s correspondence helps bring to light a community of women who participated, often actively and routinely, in the nineteenth-century scientific community. Here is a…

Matches: 13 hits

  • … She also mentions her attempts to artificially fertilise plants in her garden. Letter …
  • … work on butterflies and offers to observe birds, insects or plants on Darwin’s behalf. …
  • … sends Darwin observations made by her and her father of plants and insects. Men: …
  • … Darwin thanks Hooker for posting to him a number of plants to aid his work on Climbing Plants
  • … she has made during a half-mile stroll. The best plants, she finds, are found “in exposed places”. …
  • … She also mentions her attempts to artificially fertilise plants in her garden. Letter …
  • … some of the plant experiments described in Insectivorous Plants. Sophia describes her own …
  • … botanist Friedrich Hildebrand details his experiments with plants, probably undertaken in his lab at …
  • … culminated in the publication of  The Movement  of Plants   in 1880 and his “assistance” …
  • … of assistance with the examination of a large collection of plants. Hooker will gladly accept Darwin …
  • … useful addition” to his discussion of self-impotent plants in   Variation . Darwin asks …
  • … work on butterflies and offers to observe birds, insects or plants on Darwin’s behalf. …
  • … culminated in the publication of  The Movement  of Plants   in 1880 and his “assistance” …
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