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To C. J. F. Bunbury   21 April [1856]

Summary

CD writes on geographical distribution – "a grand game of chess with the world for a board".

Gives his hypothetical explanation why zoology of Cape [of Good Hope] is not so peculiar as its botany: it was once a group of islands – later united.

Tries hard to set forth the difficulties of his [species] theory.

Tells CJFB in confidence of his theory of the glacial epoch and its effect on plant distribution, such as identical species being found on summits of mountains in the tropics. Invites him to attack his "doctrine".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles James Fox Bunbury, 8th baronet
Date:  21 Apr [1856]
Classmark:  Suffolk Record Office, Bury St Edmunds (Bunbury Family Papers E18/700/1/9/6)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1856

Matches: 15 hits

  • … DCP-LETT-1856
  • … To C.  J. F. Bunbury   21 April [1856] …
  • … Charles Robert Darwin Down 21 Apr [1856] Charles James Fox Bunbury, 8th baronet …
  • … the relationship to the letter from C.  J. F. Bunbury, 16 April 1856 . Letter from C.  J. …
  • … F. Bunbury, 16 April 1856 . See letters from C.   …
  • … J. F. Bunbury, 7 February 1856  and …
  • … 16 April 1856 . …
  • … Lowe 1856 . See letter from R.   …
  • … T. Lowe, 12 April 1856 . Richard Thomas Lowe was also at work on …
  • … flora of Madeira (Lowe 1857[–72]). In 1856, CD began experiments on the transport of …
  • … from pond mud were commenced on 6 April 1856 (DAR 157a). CD gave a fuller discussion of …
  • … De Beer ed. 1958. ] Lowe, Richard Thomas. 1856. Species Plantarum Maderensium quædam novæ, …
  • … of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Edited by R. C. Stauffer. Cambridge: …
  • … letters from Bunbury about CD’s theories in 1856 have been found, but Bunbury did record …
  • … of a conversation on species on 20 June 1856, when CD visited Bunbury in London (F.  J. …

To John Davy   3 January [1856]

Summary

Delighted to hear that JD’s research is continuing. CD has heard that JD’s paper will at last be published. He is flattered by the form [as a letter addressed to CD] of communication. [See 1651a and 1819a, published in Phil. Trans. R. S. 146 (1856): 21–9 and Proc. R. S. London 8 (1856–7): 27–33.]

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Davy
Date:  3 Jan [1856]
Classmark:  David Schulson (dealer) (Catalogue 61, 1991)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1816A

Matches: 16 hits

  • … To John Davy   3 January [1856] …
  • … Schulson (dealer) (Catalogue 61, 1991) Charles Robert Darwin Down 3 Jan [1856] John Davy …
  • … Bibliography Davy, John. 1856. On the vitality of the ova of the Salmonidæ of different …
  • … to Charles Darwin, Esq. , M.A. , V.P.R.S. &c. [Read 7 February 1856. ] Proceedings …
  • … of the Royal Society of London 8 (1856–7): 27–33. …
  • … See 1651a and 1819a , published in Phil. Trans. R. S. 146 (1856): 21–9 and Proc. R. …
  • … S. London 8 (1856–7): 27–33. ] …
  • … but strong evidence supports dating the letter 1856 and interpreting the misaddress as a …
  • … been found. From November 1855 to January 1856 Davy was carrying out experiments on the …
  • … reported on in J.  Davy 1855 ( J.  Davy 1856 ; Correspondence vol.  5, letter from John …
  • … vol.  6, letter from John Davy, 10 January 1856 . CD refers to J.  Davy 1855 . The paper …
  • … of the Royal Society of London 146 (1856): 21–9. CD had attended the council meeting of …
  • … Davy, 30 January 1855 ). On 10 January 1856, Davy sent CD a letter detailing the results; …
  • … of the Royal Society of London ( J.  Davy 1856 ; see also Correspondence vol.   …
  • … 6, letter from John Davy, 10 January 1856 ). Both J.   …
  • … Davy 1855  and J.  Davy 1856  were written in the form of letters to CD, and forwarded by …

To J. D. Hooker   11 May [1856]

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Summary

CD is unsure about JDH’s recommendation that he publish a separate "Preliminary Essay". It is unphilosophical to publish without full details.

CD will work for Huxley’s admission to Athenaeum.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  11 May [1856]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 162
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1874

Matches: 19 hits

  • … To J.  D. Hooker   11 May [1856] …
  • … DAR 114: 162 Charles Robert Darwin Down 11 May [1856] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … See letter from Charles Lyell, 1–2 May 1856 . On 14 May, CD followed Lyell’s advice and …
  • … by the relationship to the letter from J.  D. Hooker, 7 May 1856 , and the letter to J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, 9 May [1856] . Letter from J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, 7 May 1856 . The other one, now missing, was a response to the letter …
  • … to J.  D. Hooker, 9 May [1856] . See letter from J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, 7 May 1856 . Burlington House, Piccadilly. The Linnean Society had lobbied the …
  • … Smith, Elder & Co. 1842. Forbes, Edward. 1856. Map of the distribution of marine life, …
  • … vols. Edinburgh and London. Gosse, Philip Henry. 1856. Tenby: a sea-side holiday. London. …
  • … council with CD. CD probably refers to P.  H. Gosse 1856 , a guide to the seaside town of …
  • … Tenby, which had been published in April 1856 ( Publishers’ Circular , …
  • … 15 April 1856, p.  164). CD was planning a visit to …
  • … see letter to W.  B. Tegetmeier, 11 May [1856] ). CD had presented this paper, ‘On certain …
  • … by the Treasury in a letter, dated 22 May 1856, addressed to the president of the Royal …
  • … Richardson for a Royal Medal in June 1856 for his work in natural history and physical …
  • … medal in November (Royal Society council minutes). E.  Forbes 1856 . See letters to J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, 7 May 1856 , n.   …
  • … 13, and 9 May [1856]. Philip de Malpas Grey-Egerton was a member of the Royal Society …

To T. H. Huxley   9 December [1856]

Summary

Grateful for Siebold’s wonderful facts [C. T. E. von Siebold, On a true parthenogenesis in moths and bees (1856), trans. by W. S. Dallas (1857)].

Vitality of spermatozoa.

Hybridisation of bees. Bees are in one respect his greatest theoretical difficulty.

CD still convinced about the relation of cement receptacles and ovarian tubes [in Crustacea].

Birth of C. W. Darwin.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Henry Huxley
Date:  9 Dec [1856]
Classmark:  Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine Archives (Huxley 5: 42, 374)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2017

Matches: 19 hits

  • … To T.  H. Huxley   9 December [1856] …
  • … Archives (Huxley 5: 42, 374) Charles Robert Darwin Down 9 Dec [1856] Thomas Henry Huxley …
  • … See letter to T.  H. Huxley, 8 July [1856] , in which Thomas Hincks’s work on Polyzoa was …
  • … Press. 1985–. Huxley, Thomas Henry. 1856–7. Lectures on general natural history. Medical …
  • … a true parthenogenesis in moths and bees (1856), trans. by W. S. Dallas (1857)]. Vitality …
  • … second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Edited by R. C. Stauffer. …
  • … 1975. Siebold, Karl Theodor Ernst von. 1856. Wahre Parthenogenesis bei Schmetterlingen und …
  • … of Charles Waring Darwin on 6 December 1856 (‘Journal’; Appendix II). Huxley spoke about …
  • … bei Schmetterlingen und Bienen ( Siebold 1856 ) at a meeting of the Philosophical Club …
  • … of the Royal Society on 11 December 1856 ( Bonney 1919 , p.  134). He called attention to …
  • … were the ‘true ovaria’ ( T.  H. Huxley 1856–7 , 15: 239). CD’s (and Huxley’s) error was …
  • … n.  2, above. The most recent part of T.  H. Huxley 1856–7 , the second part of lecture …
  • … nine, had appeared on 29 November 1856. …
  • … Siebold 1856  was translated by William Sweetland Dallas ( Siebold 1857 ). CD read the …
  • … of Daphnia (see letter to John Lubbock, 27 October [1856] ). See letter from E.   …
  • … L. Layard, [September–October 1856] , n.  4. For CD’s discussion of the varieties of the …
  • … s lectures were published in the Medical Times & Gazette beginning in May 1856 ( T.   …
  • … H. Huxley 1856–7 ). In the fourth part of the tenth lecture, published in April 1857 and …
  • … by CD in cirripedes. In T.  H. Huxley 1856–7 , 14: 354, Huxley stated that: the similarity …

To J. D. Hooker   17–18 [June 1856]

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Summary

Comments on Huxley–Falconer dispute [see "On the method of palaeontology", Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 18 (1856): 43–54].

Wollaston’s On the variation of species [1856].

Has exploded to Lyell against the extension of continents.

Plants common to Europe and NW. America as result of temperate climate.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  17–18 [June 1856]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 170
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1904

Matches: 17 hits

  • … To J.  D. Hooker   17–18 [June 1856] …
  • … DAR 114: 170 Charles Robert Darwin Down 17–18 [June 1856] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … dispute [see "On the method of palaeontology", Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 18 (1856): 43–54]. …
  • … Wollaston’s On the variation of species [1856]. Has exploded to Lyell against the …
  • … books. London: Macmillan. Falconer, Hugh. 1856. On Prof. Huxley’s attempted refutation of …
  • … Dated by the reference to Falconer 1856 (see n.  2, below). …
  • … Falconer’s strongly worded defence ( Falconer 1856 ) of Georges Cuvier’s palaeontological …
  • … For CD’s first response to the argument, see letter to J.  D. Hooker, 21 [May 1856] . …
  • … CD’s copy of Falconer 1856  is in the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL. Huxley had asked: ‘ …
  • … it is worth your reading. Letter from Charles Lyell, 17 June 1856 . The Philosophical Club …
  • … of the Royal Society met on 19 June 1856 ( Bonney 1919 ). CD was in London from 18 to 21  …
  • … Lovell Reeve. Wollaston, Thomas Vernon. 1856. On the variation of species with especial …
  • … both placental and marsupial forms ( Falconer 1856 , pp.  91–2). Richard Owen was the most …
  • … pencil by an unidentified hand. Wollaston 1856 . This remark is not in an extant letter; …
  • … but see letter to T.  V. Wollaston, 6 June [1856] . CD refers to the introductory essay of …
  • … fixity of plant species. See letter to Charles Lyell, 16 [June 1856] . In a letter to T.   …
  • … H. Huxley dated ‘June? 1856’ in L.  Huxley ed. 1918, 1: 427, Hooker expressed his …

To Asa Gray   24 November [1856]

Summary

Variability of naturalised plants.

Distribution of Arctic/alpine plant species.

Limits to the northern range of plants.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  24 Nov [1856]
Classmark:  Archives of the Gray Herbarium, Harvard University (5)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1999

Matches: 10 hits

  • … To Asa Gray   24 November [1856] …
  • … See letter to Asa Gray, 12 October [1856] . See …
  • … letter from Asa Gray, 23 September 1856 . …
  • … Gray Herbarium, Harvard University (5) Charles Robert Darwin Down 24 Nov [1856] Asa Gray …
  • … Bibliography Gray, Asa. 1856–7. Statistics of the flora of the northern United States. …
  • … Dated by the reference to the letter from Asa Gray, 4 November 1856 . …
  • … Letter from Asa Gray, 4 November 1856 . See …
  • … letter to Asa Gray, 12 October [1856] and n.  5. See letter …
  • … to J.  D. Hooker, 18 November [1856] . A.  Gray 1856a . There is a copy in …
  • … the Darwin Library–CUL. CD refers to the first part of A.  Gray 1856–7 . …

From J. D. Hooker   [26 June or 3 July 1856]

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Summary

Can no longer make out story of NW. American plants; consulting Asa Gray.

Questionable validity of seed-salting experiments.

Aristolochia and Viscum seem to shed pollen before flower opens.

Ray Society should only do translations.

Thomas Thomson in India has rediscovered Aldrovanda, a rare relative of Drosera.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [26 June or 3 July] 1856
Classmark:  DAR 104: 197
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1911

Matches: 15 hits

  • … From J.  D. Hooker   [26 June or 3 July 1856] …
  • … DAR 104: 197 Joseph Dalton Hooker Kew 26 June 1856 3 …
  • … July 1856 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … second part of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Edited by R. C. Stauffer. …
  • … 1975. Siebold, Karl Theodor Ernst von. 1856. Wahre Parthenogenesis bei Schmetterlingen und …
  • … dates are the two Thursdays between the letters to J.  D. Hooker, 22 June [1856] and …
  • … 5 [July 1856] . See letter to J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, 22 June [1856] . CD was anxious to ascertain whether any of the plants that …
  • … Watson ( letter from H.  C. Watson, 5 June 1856) whether these species were known to range …
  • … question (see letter to Asa Gray, 14 July [1856] ). Hooker was mistaken in his observation …
  • … and letter from J.  D. Hooker, 10 July 1856 ). Ludwig Radlkofer was an authority on both …
  • … Die Befruchtung der Phanerogamen (Leipzig, 1856). In 1857 and 1858  he published studies …
  • … s researches on parthenogenesis ( Siebold 1856 ). Siebold overturned Richard Owen’s …
  • … Farley 1982 , pp.  100–5. See letter to J.  D. Hooker, 22 June [1856] . See letter to T.   …
  • … H. Huxley, 4 May [1856] , in which the financial difficulties of the Ray Society were …

To J. D. Hooker   5 July [1856]

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Summary

Troubled by JDH’s connection between Antarctic island flora and Fuegia, which CD sees as part of a general relation to southern circumpolar flora. Encloses list [not found] of plants from Tristan d’Acunha.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  5 July [1856]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 167
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1919

Matches: 17 hits

  • … To J.  D. Hooker   5 July [1856] …
  • … DAR 114: 167 Charles Robert Darwin Down 5 July [1856] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … the second written to J.  D. Hooker on 5 July 1856. CD states that his first letter was …
  • … Lyell (see letter to Charles Lyell, 5 July [1856] ). The original order of the letters has …
  • … Hooker’. A subscription was opened in June 1856 to pay the expenses for moving the Linnean …
  • … House MS) has an entry for this payment on 22 February 1857. Wollaston 1856 , pp.  105–6. …
  • … Hooker 1844–7 , 2: 210–11). See the first letter to J.  D. Hooker, 5 [July 1856] . A.  de …
  • … Candolle 1855 . Letter to Charles Lyell, 25 June [1856] . …
  • … Letter from Charles Lyell, [1 July 1856] . See …
  • … letter to Charles Lyell, 5 July [1856] . CD reiterated this intention in his letter to …
  • … J.  D. Hooker, 13 July [1856] . It seems that Lyell did not forward the letter to Hooker, …
  • … it to Hooker, enclosed with his letter to J.  D. Hooker, 30 July [1856] . Letter from J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, [26 June or 3 July 1856] . See letter to J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, 22 June [1856] , n.  2. See letter from J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, [26 June or 3 July 1856] . See letter from J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, [26 June or 3 July 1856] , n.  8. A.  P. de Candolle 1820 , p.  406, in which …
  • … Lovell Reeve. Wollaston, Thomas Vernon. 1856. On the variation of species with especial …

To W. B. Tegetmeier   19 November [1856]

Summary

Emma’s illness prevents his attending Philoperisteron [pigeon fanciers’ club].

Expects larger collection of skins from West Africa.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Bernhard Tegetmeier
Date:  19 Nov [1856]
Classmark:  Archives of the New York Botanical Garden (Charles Finney Cox Collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1992

Matches: 12 hits

  • … To W.  B. Tegetmeier   19 November [1856] …
  • … W.  F. Daniell, 14 November 1856 . Tegetmeier …
  • … ed. 1856–7. …
  • … Cox Collection) Charles Robert Darwin Down 19 Nov [1856] William Bernhard Tegetmeier …
  • … Bibliography Tegetmeier, William Bernhard. 1856. On the remarkable peculiarities existing …
  • … were also mentioned in letter to W.  B. Tegetmeier, 3 November [1856] . See letter to W.   …
  • … B. Tegetmeier, 29 November [1856] , in which CD reported their arrival. See letter from …
  • … and to the letter from W.  F. Daniell, 14 November 1856 . The paper has not been …
  • … almost certainly the same as Tegetmeier 1856 , an account of the abnormal development of …
  • … at the Zoological Society on 25 November 1856. It was probably read at a meeting of the …
  • … Tegetmeier later published an abstract of Tegetmeier 1856  in Poultry Chronicle ( …
  • … see Cottage Gardener 17 (1856–7): 284). Harrison Weir was a pigeon fancier and painter of …

To Asa Gray   24 August [1856]

Summary

Rarity of intermediate varieties.

Variability of introduced plants.

Ranges of plants common to Europe and U. S.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  24 Aug [1856]
Classmark:  Archives of the Gray Herbarium, Harvard University (36)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1944

Matches: 13 hits

  • … To Asa Gray   24 August [1856] …
  • … Gray Herbarium, Harvard University (36) Charles Robert Darwin Down 24 Aug [1856] Asa Gray …
  • … the letter from Asa Gray, [early August 1856] . Gray addressed CD’s question in the second …
  • … part of his paper on the statistics of the flora of the United States ( A.  Gray 1856–7 ). …
  • … Letter from Asa Gray, [early August 1856] , which CD had marked ‘Received Aug …
  • … 20 th . /1856/’. Thomas Vernon Wollaston . …
  • … See letter to Asa Gray, 14 July [1856] . CD discussed the point in Natural selection , …
  • … as his sources. Letter from H.  C. Watson, 5 June 1856 . Watson 1835 . Letter to H.   …
  • … C. Watson, [after 10 June 1856] . Letter from H.   …
  • … Bibliography Gray, Asa. 1856–7. Statistics of the flora of the northern United States. …
  • … of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Edited by R. C. Stauffer. Cambridge: …
  • … C. Watson, 20 June 1856 . Watson’s information was used in Natural selection , p.   …
  • … see letter from Asa Gray, 4 November [1856] ). The number 321 refers to the number of …

From J. S. Henslow   2 August 1856

Summary

One plant in self-sown patch of Aegilops has assumed a triticoidal character; JSH feels it may be an example of Aegilops passing to wheat.

Author:  John Stevens Henslow
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  2 Aug 1856
Classmark:  DAR 166: 178
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1936

Matches: 12 hits

  • … From J.  S. Henslow   2 August 1856
  • … DAR 166: 178 John Stevens Henslow Hitcham 2 Aug 1856 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … generation of Henslow’s experimental Aegilops in the spring of 1856 (see letter to J.   …
  • … S. Henslow, 6 August [1856] and n.  3). Scraps marked ‘3’ frequently concern cross- and …
  • … of Science meeting was held at Cheltenham, 6–13 August 1856. CD did not attend. Leonard …
  • … at the British Association meeting entitled ‘On the variation of species’ ( Jenyns 1856 ). …
  • … Described in Henslow 1856 , a paper delivered at the British Association meeting in …
  • … See also letter from J.  D. Hooker, 10 July 1856 . Charles Cardale Babington . See letter …
  • … from J.  D. Hooker, 10 July 1856  and n.  6. CD had …
  • … Bibliography Henslow, John Stevens. 1856. On the triticoidal forms of Ægilops and on the …
  • … the sections, pp. 87–8. Jenyns, Leonard. 1856. On the variation of species. Report of the …
  • … of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Edited by R. C. Stauffer. Cambridge: …

To James Dwight Dana   21 December [1856]

Summary

Thanks for sending paper on geological development (Dana 1856). Discusses infertility of species. Discusses first part of Asa Gray’s paper (A. Gray 1856–7). Thanks for note on the Cave Rat. Discusses a new species of fossil cirripede, in the genus Chthamalus. Explains his interest in pigeon breeding.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  James Dwight Dana
Date:  21 Dec [1856]
Classmark:  Catherine Barnes (dealer) (2003)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2020F

Matches: 16 hits

  • … To James Dwight Dana   21 December [1856] …
  • … Barnes (dealer) (2003) Charles Robert Darwin 21 Dec [1856] Down James Dwight Dana …
  • … Bibliography Dana, James Dwight. 1856. On the plan of development in the geological …
  • … for sending paper on geological development (Dana 1856). Discusses infertility of species. …
  • … first part of Asa Gray’s paper (A.  Gray 1856–7). Thanks for note on the Cave Rat. …
  • … 6, letter to J.  D.  Dana, 29 September [1856] . See also Fossil Cirripedia (1854), p.  5. …
  • … the reference to the letter from J.  D.  Dana, 8 December 1856 ( Correspondence vol.  6). …
  • … Dana’s letter of 28 November 1856  has not been found. In the manuscript of his ‘big book’ …
  • … letter to T.  H.  Huxley, 9 December [1856] and n.  7; see also Fossil Cirripedia (1851) …
  • … 6, letter from J.  D.  Dana, 8 December 1856 . CD had told Dana of a new species of fossil …
  • … American Journal of Science and Arts ( Dana 1856 ); it was also published together with …
  • … history’ (New Haven: Ezekiel Hayes, 1856). There is an annotated copy of the pamphlet in …
  • … Asa Gray and the first part of A.  Gray 1856–7 (‘Statistics of the flora of the northern …
  • … see Correspondence vol.  6, letter to Asa Gray, 12 October [1856] . CD’s annotated …
  • … copy of A.  Gray 1856–7  is in DAR 135 (3). CD refers to John Lubbock and Lubbock 1857 . …
  • … to Thomas Henry Huxley and T.  H.  Huxley 1856–7 , 14: 354. See Correspondence vol.  6, …

From J. D. Hooker   10 July 1856

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Summary

[T. Bell Salter’s?] "hybrid" Epilobium a false claim.

Admires Huxley’s response to Falconer [see 1904].

Tristan da Cunha plant list, requested by CD, supports JDH’s position [on continental extension?].

Chilean plants not exceptional.

JDH considers parallels between Australian Alps and European plants strong evidence for multiple creations.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  10 July 1856
Classmark:  DAR 100: 96–9
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1923

Matches: 16 hits

  • … From J.  D. Hooker   10 July 1856
  • … DAR 100: 96–9 Joseph Dalton Hooker Kew 10 July 1856 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … D. Hooker, [26 June or 3 July 1856] , and letter to J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, 5 July [1856] . CD had asked Hooker whether he could confirm Thomas Vernon …
  • … of the same point in the insect kingdom (see letter to J.  D. Hooker, 5 July [1856] ). …
  • … University Press. 1985–. Falconer, Hugh. 1856. On Prof. Huxley’s attempted refutation of …
  • … provinces. T.  H. Huxley 1856b , a response to Falconer 1856 . See letters to J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, 21 [May 1856] and 17– …
  • … 18 [June 1856]. T.  H. Huxley 1855 . …
  • … See letter to J.  D. Hooker, 5 [July 1856] . See letter to J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, 8 [July 1856] , n.  3. The list was annotated by Hooker, giving brief …
  • … of the colony. See letter to J.  D. Hooker, 5 July [1856] . See letter from J.   …
  • … n.s. 17: 476–93. Henslow, John Stevens. 1856. On the triticoidal forms of Ægilops and on …
  • … of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Edited by R. C. Stauffer. Cambridge: …
  • … letter from J.  D. Hooker, [26 June or 3 July 1856] . John Stevens Henslow described his …
  • … of Science held in Cheltenham ( Henslow 1856 ). He had intended to test the claim made by …

To John Lubbock   23 September [1856]

Summary

Sends review by Quatrefages [de Bréau] of Owen’s Parthenogenesis [1849].

J. D. Dana’s congratulations on JL’s marriage.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Lubbock, 4th baronet and 1st Baron Avebury
Date:  23 Sept [1856]
Classmark:  DAR 283: 12 (EH 88206461)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1960

Matches: 14 hits

  • … To John Lubbock   23 September [1856] …
  • … Charles Robert Darwin Down 23 Sept [1856] John Lubbock, 4th baronet and 1st Baron Avebury …
  • … Les métamorphoses. Revue des deux Mondes 10 (1855): 90–116, 275–314; 3 (1856): 496– 519, …
  • … 859- 83; 4 (1856): 55–82. …
  • … to the letter from J.  D. Dana, 8 September 1856 . Owen 1849 . Lubbock was at this time …
  • … see letter to John Lubbock, 27 October [1856] ). CD’s annotated copy of Owen 1849  is in …
  • … Hotham Lubbock , was married to William Powell Rodney on 11 September 1856 ( The Times , …
  • … 12 September 1856). The wedding took place in Down church. CD’s daughter, Henrietta Emma, …
  • … Letter from J.  D. Dana, 8 September 1856 . The passage quoted was probably in the section …
  • … on Entomostraca in Lubbock 1855 . See letter to John Lubbock, [14 January 1856] . …
  • … and others]. 1826–. Huxley, Thomas Henry. 1856–7. Lectures on general natural history. …
  • … 1849  was discussed in the fifth part ((1856), pp.  60–4). When Lubbock came to write up …
  • … natural history given at the School of Mines in 1856 and published in the Medical Times & …
  • … Gazette ( T.  H. Huxley 1856–7 ). Ellen Frances Lubbock was pregnant. The Lubbocks’ first …

From George Howard Darwin   [28 November 1856]

Summary

Letter from school with instructions where to put away his belongings at home.

Author:  George Howard Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [28 Nov 1856]
Classmark:  DAR 251: 2222
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2003F

Matches: 15 hits

  • … From George Howard Darwin   [28 November 1856] …
  • … DAR 251: 2222 George Howard Darwin [28 Nov 1856] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … bleed ( letter from Emma Darwin to W.  E.  Darwin, [1 December 1856] , DAR 219.1: 13). …
  • … 32 (1977–8): 51–70. Yonge, Charlotte Mary. 1856. Ben Sylvester’s word. London: J. and C. …
  • … 11, started attending Clapham Grammar School in August 1856 ( J.  R.  Moore 1977 , p.   …
  • … Mrs Morrey, who left Down at the end of 1856 (see n.  4, below), and by references in Emma …
  • … s diary (DAR 242). The only Thursday in 1856 on which Emma recorded in her diary George’s …
  • … had been ill while at home: for 25 November 1856 Emma Darwin’s diary (DAR 242) records, ‘ …
  • … G.  very poorly’. Yonge 1856 . Sarah Morrey had been cook to Sarah …
  • … Emma’s aunt, who had died 6 November 1856 ( Freeman 1978 ). The Darwin children, except …
  • … 6, letter to W.  E.  Darwin, 25 [November 1856] ). Henrietta Emma Darwin later wrote, ‘Mrs …
  • … and the servants departed in mid-December 1856 ( Correspondence vol.  6, letter to W.   …
  • … E.  Darwin, 25 [November 1856] ). Henry Hemmings had been a servant of Sarah Elizabeth …
  • … the letter to W.  E.  Darwin, 10 [December 1856] ( Correspondence vol.  6), CD wrote that …
  • … In a letter probably written on 17 December 1856, George wrote to William that he had met …

To Asa Gray   12 October [1856]

Summary

Thanks AG for the first part of his "Statistics [of the flora of the northern U. S.", Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 22 (1856): 204–32; 2d ser. 23 (1857): 62–84, 369–403]

and for information on social and varying plants.

Would like to know number of genera of introduced plants in U. S.

Is surprised at some affinities of northern U. S. flora and asks for any climatic explanations.

Asks what proportion of genera common to U. S. and Europe are mundane.

Is glad AG will work out the northern ranges of the European species and the ranges of species with regard to size of genera.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  12 Oct [1856]
Classmark:  Archives of the Gray Herbarium, Harvard University (6)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1973

Matches: 15 hits

  • … To Asa Gray   12 October [1856] …
  • … Gray Herbarium, Harvard University (6) Charles Robert Darwin Down 12 Oct [1856] Asa Gray …
  • … University Press. 1985–. Gray, Asa. 1856–7. Statistics of the flora of the northern United …
  • … northern U. S." , Am. J. Sci. 2d ser. 22 (1856): 204–32; 2d ser. 23 (1857): 62–84, 369– …
  • … Dated by the reference to A.  Gray 1856–7  and to the letter …
  • … from Asa Gray, 23 September 1856 . …
  • … Letter from Asa Gray, 23 September 1856 . A.   …
  • … Gray 1856–7 . CD’s annotated copy is in DAR 135 (3). J.  D. Hooker 1853–5 . CD had …
  • … and orders. In CD’s copy of A.  Gray 1856–7 , he added the correct page numbers in pencil …
  • … of his independently paginated reprint. See letter to J.  D. Hooker, 9 October [1856] . …
  • … p.  232. See letter from Asa Gray, 4 November 1856 . See Correspondence vol.  5, letter to …
  • … of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Edited by R. C. Stauffer. Cambridge: …
  • … See also letter from Asa Gray, 4 November 1856 . Gray did not give the desired figure …
  • … in the second part of A.  Gray 1856–7 . In A.  Gray 1856a , pp. xxv–xxviii, he had listed …
  • … excluding the number of genera, in A.  Gray 1856–7 , pp.  208–11. In CD’s copy of A.  Gray …

From George Dickie   1 December 1856

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Summary

His observations on Subularia: has never seen it in flower in the air.

Author:  George Dickie
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  1 Dec 1856
Classmark:  DAR 207: 16
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2009

Matches: 8 hits

  • … From George Dickie   1 December 1856
  • … DAR 207: 16 George Dickie Belfast 1 Dec 1856 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Edited by R. C. Stauffer. Cambridge: …
  • … See the letters to J.  D. Hooker, [early December 1856] and from J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, [early December 1856], and the letters from C.   …
  • … C. Babington, 22 November 1856 , and from H.   …
  • … C. Watson, 26 November 1856. Dickie’s information was cited by CD in Natural selection , …
  • … Belfast Dec r . 1 st | 1856 Dear Sir, I have much pleasure in stating my own observations …

To J. D. Hooker   9 October [1856]

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Summary

CD coming to London.

Read JDH’s review [Hooker’s Kew J. Bot. 8 (1856): 54–64 et seq.] of Alphonse de Candolle’s Géographie botanique raisonnée [1855] long ago.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  9 Oct [1856]
Classmark:  DAR 114: 180
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1971

Matches: 7 hits

  • … To J.  D. Hooker   9 October [1856] …
  • … DAR 114: 180 Charles Robert Darwin Down 9 Oct [1856] Joseph Dalton Hooker …
  • … with whom CD usually stayed when in London. [J.  D. Hooker] 1856. See letters to J.   …
  • … D. Hooker, 5 August [1856] and …
  • … 7 August [1856] . …
  • … JDH’s review [ Hooker’s Kew J. Bot. 8 (1856): 54–64 et seq. ] of Alphonse de Candolle’s …
  • … his experimental records. On 15 October 1856, Emma Darwin recorded in her diary: ‘Ch went …

From Asa Gray   4 November 1856

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Summary

Outlines the ranges of northern U. S. species common to Europe. Hopes to investigate the resemblances between the floras of the north-eastern U. S. and western Europe. Discusses routes by which alpine plants appear to have reached U. S.

Author:  Asa Gray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  4 Nov 1856
Classmark:  DAR 165: 95
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1982

Matches: 13 hits

  • … From Asa Gray   4 November 1856
  • … DAR 165: 95 Asa Gray Cambridge Mass. 4 Nov 1856 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … to [J.  D. Hooker] 1856, a review of A.  de Candolle 1855 . CD forwarded Gray’s letter to …
  • … Joseph Dalton Hooker with his own letter to J.  D. Hooker, 18 November [1856] . …
  • … Mason. Geneva: J. Kessmann. Gray, Asa. 1856–7. Statistics of the flora of the northern …
  • … of his big species book written from 1856 to 1858. Edited by R. C. Stauffer. Cambridge: …
  • … Convallaria majalis .ramme Cambridge 4 th Nov. 1856. Dear Mr. Darwin Your welcome favor of …
  • … In his letter to Asa Gray, 24 August [1856] , CD had indicated that he considered the …
  • … see letter to Asa Gray, 12 October [1856] ). When he received the figures given by Gray in …
  • … dele’. Letter to Asa Gray, 12 October [1856] , in which CD referred to the first part …
  • … of A.  Gray 1856–7 . CD had asked Gray for some indication of the …
  • … the introduced species belonged (see letter to Asa Gray, 12 October [1856] ). A.  Gray …
  • … 1856a . See letter to Asa Gray, 12 October [1856] , n.  6. Gray refers …

To J. S. Henslow   6 August [1856]

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Summary

Reports on results of forcing and other attempts to produce variations in plants. Asks for some seeds.

Is correcting his Linnean Society paper ["On the action of sea-water", Collected papers 1: 264–71].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Stevens Henslow
Date:  6 Aug [1856]
Classmark:  DAR 93: A55–A56
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-1939

Matches: 10 hits

  • … To J.  S. Henslow   6 August [1856] …
  • … DAR 93: A55–A56 Charles Robert Darwin Down 6 Aug [1856] John Stevens Henslow …
  • … the letter to J.  D. Hooker, 26 [July 1856] , for specimens of these water plants. CD’s …
  • … on the germination of seeds’, read 6 May 1856, was published in Journal of the Proceedings …
  • … contents and the relationship to the letter from J.  S. Henslow, 2 August 1856 , indicate …
  • … that 1856 is the correct year. In his Experimental book, p.  3 (DAR …
  • … that he planted seeds of Centaurea nigra var. decipiens from Henslow on 1 March 1856. …
  • … In May 1856 he further recorded: ‘Centaurea nigra, var decipiens. Seedling 2 d . removed …
  • … See letter from J.  S. Henslow, 2 August 1856 . CD’s Experimental book, p.  1 (DAR 157a), …
  • … See letter to J.  S. Henslow, 16 June [1856] . CD had also asked Joseph Dalton Hooker , in …
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Darwin in letters, 1858-1859: Origin

Summary

The years 1858 and 1859 were, without doubt, the most momentous of Darwin’s life. From a quiet rural existence filled with steady work on his ‘big book’ on species, he was jolted into action by the arrival of an unexpected letter from Alfred Russel Wallace…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … work preparing his ‘big book’ on species. Begun in May 1856 at the urging of Lyell, the manuscript …