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To William Herbert   [c. 1 April 1839]

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Summary

Questions on breeding of plants: variation in established versus new varieties; predominance of wild species and old varieties when crossed with newer forms; predominance of males versus females; correlations between ease of hybridisation and tendency to vary and undergo cultivation; reversion; correlations between hybridisation and geographic distribution.

In WH’s Amaryllidaceae [1837], does he intend to say crossing is inimical to fertility?

[Sent via J. S. Henslow; note to amanuensis Syms Covington.]

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Herbert, dean of Manchester
Date:  [c. 1 Apr 1839]
Classmark:  DAR 185: 62
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-502

To William Whewell   16 April [1839]

Summary

Thanks WW for wedding gift.

Expresses admiration for his History of the inductive sciences [1837].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Whewell
Date:  16 Apr [1839]
Classmark:  Trinity College Library, Cambridge (Add c 88: 6)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-506

To the Secretary of the Geological Society of France   25 April 1839

Summary

Acknowledges, on behalf of the Geological Society, receipt of the Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, vol. 9, feuilles 29, 34.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Société géologique de France
Date:  25 Apr 1839
Classmark:  Bibliothèque municipale de Versailles (Autographe Darwin)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-507

To G. R. Gray   [June–October 1839]

Summary

Asks for some Anthus skins to examine [for Birds]. Fears they may turn out to be all one species. Sends details from his notes on Falkland Island specimens.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  George Robert Gray
Date:  [June–Oct 1839]
Classmark:  The British Library (Egerton MS 2348: 235–6)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-508

To the Secretary of the American Philosophical Society   23 May 1839

Summary

As Secretary of the Geological Society of London, CD formally expresses thanks for the American Philosophical Society’s Proceedings, vol. 1, no. 6.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  American Philosophical Society.
Date:  23 May 1839
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.16)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-511

To Gideon Algernon Mantell   23 May 1839

Summary

Writes, as Secretary of the Geological Society, to thank GAM for his presents, a slab of anthracite with plant impressions (from Philadelphia) and some fossils from Cornwall.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Gideon Algernon Mantell
Date:  23 May 1839
Classmark:  Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand (Mantell papers, fMS-Papers-0083-465)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-511A

To A. Y. Spearman   27 May 1839

Summary

Presents the account of Smith, Elder & Co. for the now published second and third numbers of the first part of the Zoology.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Alexander Young Spearman, 1st baronet
Date:  27 May 1839
Classmark:  The National Archives (TNA) (T1/4524 paper 25824)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-512A

To W. S. MacLeay   29 May 1839

Summary

Introduces Syms Covington and recommends him for employment in Australia.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Sharp Macleay
Date:  29 May 1839
Classmark:  Linnean Society of London
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-513

To T. L. Mitchell   31 May [1839]

Summary

CD’s servant [Syms Covington] will work his passage to Australia.

Returns a curious stone, of which he hopes to publish an account. [See Volcanic islands, p. 38.]

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Livingstone Mitchell
Date:  31 May [1839]
Classmark:  Mitchell Library, Sydney (A 295/1 pp.1–3)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-515

To Mr Folthorp of Smith, Elder & Co.   6 June [1839]

Summary

CD has heard from the Treasury; they will pay the account [for the Zoology] as soon as Smith, Elder & Co. like.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Smith, Elder & Co
Date:  6 June [1839]
Classmark:  Wellcome Collection
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-517

To William Herbert   26 June 1839

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Summary

CD is led to believe there are no true permanently inbreeding, sexually reproducing beings. Thanks for replies to breeding questions.

Asks for clarification of Hippeastrum crosses: is selfing or crossing with individual of same species intended and was increased fertility due to constitution of foreign parent or due to the pollen coming from another plant? Has WH known any hybrid or mongrel to revert or to vary in a manner unlikely to be effect of soil?

Sends Journal of researches.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Herbert, dean of Manchester
Date:  26 June 1839
Classmark:  DAR 185: 65–6
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-523

To Thomas Green   [after 30 June 1839]

Summary

Returns proof sheets and requests revises. Gives his opinion of Mr Walkers’s work.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Green
Date:  [after 30 June 1839]
Classmark:  Bonhams, New York (dealers) (21 September 2015)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-524F

To A. Y. Spearman   13 July 1839

Summary

Transmits, as on former occasions, the Smith, Elder & Co. account for the now published third number of the third part of the Zoology.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Alexander Young Spearman, 1st baronet
Date:  13 July 1839
Classmark:  The National Archives (TNA) (T1/4524 paper 25824)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-525A

To W. H. Smyth   7 August [1839]

Summary

Asks for details of Smyth’s Island discovered by WHS – particularly whether the islets form a ring surrounding a lagoon. [See Coral reefs, p. 158].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Henry Smyth
Date:  7 Aug [1839]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-530

To William Shoberl   16 August [1839]

Summary

Gives his opinion of a MS on geology. It is not really a scientific work. It might sell well, but CD’s opinion on success of sale is worthless.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Shoberl
Date:  16 Aug [1839]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-531

To A. Y. Spearman   14 October 1839

Summary

Presents the Smith, Elder & Co. account for the fourth number now published of the second part of the Zoology.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Alexander Young Spearman, 1st baronet
Date:  14 Oct 1839
Classmark:  The National Archives (TNA) (T1/4524 paper 25824)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-538A

To W. D. Fox   24 October [1839]

Summary

Hopes to publish volume on coral formations in a few months.

He and Emma live quietly, having given up parties.

Asks WDF if he remembers the Darwin family motto. He means to have a "seal solemnly engraved".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Darwin Fox
Date:  24 Oct [1839]
Classmark:  Christ’s College Library, Cambridge (MS 53 Fox 58)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-541

To J. S. Henslow   [10 November 1839]

Summary

Urges JSH to describe Galapagos species in a paper on the flora of the islands.

Has been interested in geographical distribution and would be interested to have a paper by JSH on the general character of flora of Tierra del Fuego and Patagonia.

"I keep on steadily collecting every sort of fact which may throw light on the origin & variation of species."

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Stevens Henslow
Date:  [10 Nov 1839]
Classmark:  The Morgan Library and Museum, New York (Heineman Collection MA 7127)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-543

To Alexander von Humboldt   1 November 1839

Summary

Gratified by AvH’s letter.

Sends data on temperature of the sea in the Galapagos, South Pacific, and the Abrolhos Islands.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander (Alexander) von Humboldt
Date:  1 Nov 1839
Classmark:  Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz (Nachl. Alexander von Humboldt, gr. Kasten 4, Nr. 22, Bl. 1–2)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-545

To W. H. Miller   22 [November 1839]

Summary

Asks if WHM would be interested in the meteorological observations of the Falkland Islands made by B. J. Sulivan on a recent survey. Such observations are rare and appear to CD to have many points of interest.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Hallowes Miller
Date:  22 [Nov 1839]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-546
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