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From J. P. Thom   14 January 1863

Summary

Thanks for a gift of £20.

Author:  John Pringle Thom
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  14 Jan 1863
Classmark:  DAR 178: 107
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3916

To Alphonse de Candolle   14 January [1863]

Summary

Thanks AdeC for his memoir ["Étude sur l’espèce", Ann. Sci. Nat. (Bot.) 4th ser. 18 (1862): 59–110].

CD astonished at the amount of variability in the oaks.

CD differs from most contemporaries in thinking that the vast continental extensions of Forbes, Heer, and others are not only advanced without sufficient evidence but are opposed to much weighty evidence.

AdeC’s comment on CD’s work [Origin] is generous.

CD is satisfied at the length AdeC goes with him and is not surprised at his prudent reservations. He remembers how many years it took him to change his old beliefs. The great point is to give up immutability. So long as species are thought immutable there can be no progress in "epiontology" [see ML 1: 234 n.]. CD is sure to be proved wrong in many points but the subject will have "a grand future".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Alphonse de Candolle
Date:  14 Jan [1863]
Classmark:  Archives de la famille de Candolle (private collection)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3917

To Thomas Rivers   15 January [1863]

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Summary

Particularly interested in TR’s information about peaches. Accepts offer of double-flowering peach-trees.

Will build a small hothouse for experiments.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Rivers
Date:  15 Jan [1863]
Classmark:  DAR 185: 83
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3918

From J. D. Hooker   [15 January 1863]

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Summary

JDH on Asa Gray’s sanguine view of the Civil War and slavery.

Wishes to discuss variation with CD, a subject that Huxley does not understand.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [15 Jan 1863]
Classmark:  DAR 101: 101–2
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3919

From George Bentham   16 January 1863

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Summary

CD’s paper [on Linum] is announced for reading at the Linnean Society on 5 February.

Author:  George Bentham
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  16 Jan 1863
Classmark:  DAR 160: 154
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3920

From John Scott   16 January 1863

Summary

Experiments to cut Laelia stigma from rostellum and then to fertilise rostellum are baffled by "a latent instinctive power". Somehow the pollen-tubes find their way to the style.

Suggests CD study variation in ferns.

Author:  John Scott
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  16 Jan 1863
Classmark:  DAR 177: 82
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3921

To Thomas Rivers   17 [January 1863]

Summary

Can TR distinguish generally, always, or never, a nectarine-tree from a peach-tree before it flowers or before it fruits? He wants to quote TR’s answer.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Thomas Rivers
Date:  17 [Jan 1863]
Classmark:  John Wilson (dealer) (Catalogue 61, 21 July 1989, item 50)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3922

From Henri Louis Frédéric de Saussure   17 January 1863

Summary

His work on Mexico has some geology, which might interest CD.

He is currently at work on the "filiation des genres des espèces et des moeurs des guepes [hornets]".

Author:  Henri Louis Frédéric (Henri) de Saussure
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  17 Jan 1863
Classmark:  DAR 177: 40
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3923

From H. W. Bates   17 January [1863]

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Summary

Has sent copy of his paper to Asa Gray.

Melastomad flowers are strikingly neglected by pollinators.

Murray has ordered many illustrations for HWB’s Naturalist on the river Amazons.

Author:  Henry Walter Bates
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  17 Jan [1863]
Classmark:  DAR 205.8: 67 (Letters)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3925

From Hugh Falconer   18 January [1863]

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Summary

Jaw with teeth found associated with Archaeopteryx fossil. Waterhouse pronounces it a fish’s jaw.

Author:  Hugh Falconer
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  18 Jan [1863]
Classmark:  DAR 164: 13
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3926

To Asa Gray   19 January [1863]

Summary

Comments on his own review of Bates’s butterfly paper [Collected papers 2: 87–92].

Thanks AG for information on Platanthera.

Has been wasting more time with Melastomataceae; can find no nectar in Monochaetum; is there any in Rhexia?

Hopes Lincoln’s "fiat against Slavery" will have some effect.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Asa Gray
Date:  19 Jan [1863]
Classmark:  Gray Herbarium of Harvard University (57)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3927

To Hugh Falconer   20 [January 1863]

Summary

If jaw belongs to Archaeopteryx, it will show great peculiarity. A German author has advanced the case as argument for Origin.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Hugh Falconer
Date:  20 [Jan 1863]
Classmark:  DAR 144: 30
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3928

From Thomas Rivers   21 January 1863

Summary

Sends some trees to CD.

Would be pleased to receive the copy of Origin offered by CD as gift.

Will give CD any tree or shrub he may want.

Refers to curious strawberry hybrids noticed in Journal of Horticulture [I. Anderson-Henry, "Crossing strawberries", J. Hortic. n.s. 4 (1863): 45–6].

Author:  Thomas Rivers
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  21 Jan 1863
Classmark:  DAR 176: 160
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3933

To John Scott   21 January [1863]

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Summary

Urges JS to publish on orchid pollen-tubes.

Suggests comparing stigmatic tissue of sterile hybrids and fertile parent; he would expect hybrid plant’s cell contents not to be coagulated after 24 hours in spirits of wine.

Suggests JS coat orchid stigmas with plaster of Paris for his work on rostellar germination.

Asks for list of "bud-variation" cases; CD has devoted a chapter to the subject.

Inquiries about I. Anderson-Henry’s observational competence.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Scott
Date:  21 Jan [1863]
Classmark:  DAR 93: B56–7, B75–6
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3934

To Julius von Haast   22 January 1863

Summary

Thanks JvH for his address [to the Philosophical Institute of Canterbury], his Geological Report [Topographical and geological exploration of the western districts of the Nelson province, New Zealand (1861)],

and for the "honourable" notice of Origin.

CD especially interested in JvH’s facts on the old glacial period.

Asks about fossil remains [of supposed living mammalia] which CD thinks may be like "the Solenhofen bird-creature" [Archaeopteryx].

Urges the recording of rate and manner of spreading of European weeds and plants and observation on which native plants "most fail".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Francis Julius (Julius) von Haast
Date:  22 Jan 1863
Classmark:  Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand (Haast family papers, MS-Papers-0037-051-3)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3935

To John Murray   22 January [1863]

Summary

Asks that a copy of Origin be sent to Thomas Rivers.

Curious about sale of Orchids. It is too stiff for the public. "If praise from Botanists would sell, it would go off well."

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  22 Jan [1863]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 f. 127)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3936

From Daniel Oliver   22 January 1863

Summary

The number of "aquatic" flowers is reduced if one considers only those that expand under water.

Lecturing at Norwich.

Author:  Daniel Oliver
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  22 Jan 1863
Classmark:  DAR 173: 19
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3937

From Francis Boott   23 January 1863

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Summary

His son wants CD’s opinion about a cub supposed by Frank Buckland to be progeny of a lioness and mastiff.

Lyell working at last proofs [of Antiquity of man]; he is scornful of Owen.

Author:  Francis Boott
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  23 Jan 1863
Classmark:  DAR 160: 254
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3938

To John Lubbock   23 [February 1863]

Summary

CD’s comments on JL’s paper [first part of "On the development of Chloëon dimidiatum", Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 24 (1863): 61–78].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Lubbock, 4th baronet and 1st Baron Avebury
Date:  23 [Feb 1863]
Classmark:  DAR 263: 59
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3939

From J. D. Hooker   24 January 1863

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Summary

JDH delivers CD’s letter to C. V. Naudin.

Neither Naudin nor Decaisne appreciates Origin.

Discusses Naudin on physiological causes of species formation;

Decaisne on plant heredity.

JDH on Lincoln’s emancipation proclamation.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  24 Jan 1863
Classmark:  DAR 101: 99–100
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-3940
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