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From John Lubbock   15 March 1859

Summary

Embryology of Diptera. Development of insects; metamorphosis. JL feels all insects go through metamorphosis but that in some of them, part takes place before birth.

Author:  John Lubbock, 4th baronet and 1st Baron Avebury
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  15 Mar 1859
Classmark:  DAR 170: 22
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2433

To John Lubbock   16 [March 1859]

Summary

Wants JL’s opinion on paper by L. J. M. Dufour ["Études anatomiques sur les insectes diptères de la famille des pupipares", C. R. Hebd. Acad. Sci. 19 (1844): 1345–55].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Lubbock, 4th baronet and 1st Baron Avebury
Date:  16 [Mar 1859]
Classmark:  DAR 263: 28 (EH 88206477)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2434

To W. D. Fox   24 [March 1859]

Summary

Is correcting chapters [of Origin] for press.

Health has been wretched of late.

He values fame to a certain extent, but "if I know myself, I work from a sort of instinct to try to make out truth".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Darwin Fox
Date:  24 [Mar 1859]
Classmark:  Christ’s College Library, Cambridge (MS 53 Fox 120)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2436

To Charles Lyell   28 March [1859]

Summary

Has heard that CL has spoken to John Murray about publication [of Origin]. Encloses prospective title-page. Asks whether he ought to tell John Murray about unorthodoxy of the book.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  28 Mar [1859]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.163)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2437

To J. S. Bowerbank   29 March [1859]

Summary

Requests receipt for payments to Society in 1858–9.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  James Scott Bowerbank
Date:  29 Mar [1859]
Classmark:  Smithsonian Libraries and Archives (Dibner Library of the History of Science and Technology MSS 405 A. Gift of the Burndy Library)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2438

To Charles Lyell   30 March [1859]

Summary

CD is grateful to CL for his help in arranging with Murray for publication [of Origin]. Sorry Murray objects to term "abstract" in title, but will defer to him and CL.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Lyell, 1st baronet
Date:  30 Mar [1859]
Classmark:  American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.164)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2439

To J. D. Hooker   30 March [1859]

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Summary

Hopes Murray will publish after seeing MS [of Origin].

Demurs at JDH’s saying that CD changes climate to account for migration of bugs, flies, etc. "We do nothing of the sort; for we rest on scored rocks, old moraines, arctic shells, and mammifers." Has given up the Lyellian doctrine as insufficient to explain all changes in climate; CD has no theory about the cause of the cold.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  30 Mar [1859]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 94
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2440

To John Murray   31 March [1859]

Summary

CD has heard from Lyell that JM is inclined to publish his work on the origin of species. Will send some chapters as soon as copyist has finished. Sends list of 12 chapters. It will be a popular abstract of more than 20 years’ work. It ought to be popular with scientific and semi-scientific readers.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  31 Mar [1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42153 ff.12–13)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2441

To W. E. Darwin   [5 May 1859]

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Summary

Discusses WED’s plans for the summer.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Erasmus Darwin
Date:  [5 May 1859]
Classmark:  DAR 210.6: 43
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2442

From John Murray   1 April 1859

Summary

On the strength of CD’s details about his work on species and his knowledge of CD’s former publications, JM offers to publish [Origin] without seeing the MS.

Author:  John Murray
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  1 Apr 1859
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms. 41913 p.32)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2443

From J. D. Hooker   [8–11 April 1859]

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Summary

Lyell has been strongly urging John Murray to publish CD’s book [Origin]. JDH feels Lyell overestimates the public interest in such works.

Gives examples of plants showing most marked varieties on the edge of their range.

Author:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [8–11 Apr 1859]
Classmark:  DAR 100: 127
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2444

To John Murray   2 April [1859]

Summary

Accepts JM’s terms for publication of Origin. If, on reading the MS, JM thinks it will not sell, CD frees him from the offer. Will send chapters soon so he can judge. Though some parts are dry and abstruse, CD thinks it will be interesting to "those who care for the curious problem of the origin of all animate forms".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  2 Apr [1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42153 ff.18–19)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2445

To J. D. Hooker   2 April [1859]

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Summary

Thanks for letter of caution about Murray. He has offered to publish without seeing MS. CD thinks book will be popular to a certain extent. Lyell’s inducing Murray to publish Origin grates CD’s pride.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  2 Apr [1859]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 9
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2446

To John Murray   5 April [1859]

Summary

Sends title and first three chapters [of Origin]. Thinks first chapter will interest the public and is sure views are original. If JM thinks otherwise, he should freely reject the work. Chapter 2 is dull and abstruse, chapter 3 is plain and interesting.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  John Murray
Date:  5 Apr [1859]
Classmark:  National Library of Scotland (John Murray Archive) (Ms.42152 ff.35–35A)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2447

To A. R. Wallace   6 April 1859

Summary

First part of Origin MS is with Murray;

CD hopes he has noticed ARW’s work fairly.

ARW is right in thinking that CD was led to believe that selection was the principle of change from studying domesticated productions and that after reading Malthus he "saw at once how to apply this principle". Geographical distribution and geological relations of extinct and recent inhabitants of S. America first led him to the subject, "Especially case of Galapagos Islds". Hooker and Lubbock are full converts and Huxley now believes in species mutation. "We shall live to see all the younger men converts."

Praises ARW’s work and spirit.

CD had actually written a letter to ARW stating he would not publish before him but was persuaded by Lyell and Hooker to allow them to act "as they thought fair & honourably".

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Alfred Russel Wallace
Date:  6 Apr 1859
Classmark:  The British Library (Add MS 46434)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2449

To J. D. Hooker   7 April [1859]

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Summary

Has read first sheets of JDH’s Flora Tasmaniae [introductory] essay [published separately as On the flora of Australia (1859)]. Criticises lack of evidence supporting views that best marked varieties occur at edges of range of species and that species remain under cultivation for many generations and suddenly begin to vary.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  7 Apr [1859]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 10
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2450

To W. B. Tegetmeier   9 April [1859]

Summary

Thanks WBT for his help with poultry

and informs him about his forthcoming work [Origin].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Bernhard Tegetmeier
Date:  9 Apr [1859]
Classmark:  Natural History Museum, Library and Archives (tipped into W. B. Tegetmeier’s presentation copy of Origin (DC BD 309); General Special Collections DC AL 1/6)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2450A

To W. D. Fox   10 April [1859]

Summary

Sympathises with family on death of WDF’s mother [Anne Fox née Darwin].

Sends details of fees at Moor Park hydropathic establishment.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  William Darwin Fox
Date:  10 Apr [1859]
Classmark:  Christ’s College Library, Cambridge (MS 53 Fox 121)
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2451

To J. D. Hooker   11 April [1859]

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Summary

Murray has read first three chapters of Origin and abides by his offer to publish.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  11 Apr [1859]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 11
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2452

To J. D. Hooker   12 [April 1859]

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Summary

CD agrees cultivated plants may begin to vary after some time and then may vary suddenly, but cautions JDH on lack of evidence. His explanation is that small variations are ignored until they accumulate.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Joseph Dalton Hooker
Date:  12 [Apr 1859]
Classmark:  DAR 115: 12
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-2453
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